考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州體育學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州體育學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenthecrowdsawthemoviestaronthestreet,shoutsandcheers（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokethrough

B.brokeup

C.brokeforth

D.brokeoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。breakthrough“突破”；breakup“分手，打碎”；breakforth“噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)”；breakoff“暫?！?。句意：當(dāng)人們?cè)诼飞峡吹诫娪懊餍菚r(shí)，歡呼聲爆發(fā)了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Formanycountries,beingpartofaglobalsupplychainislikestrikingoil–oilthatmaynever（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.runout

B.workout

C.turnout

D.callout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)runout“用完，耗盡”，B項(xiàng)workout“解決，算出”，C項(xiàng)turnout“結(jié)果是”，D項(xiàng)callout表示“喚起，出動(dòng)”。句意：對(duì)于許多國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，成為全球供應(yīng)鏈的一部分就像開(kāi)采可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)用完的石油。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheLawtoKeeptheOilIndustryunderControlTheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.

Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethatthegovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.

AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”

Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.

Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.

TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.

Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.

1.TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto______.

2.TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto_____.

4.Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe______.

5.Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopment

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroad

D.developmorequicklythanatpresent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsources

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

C.heldtheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblems

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsize

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofindustry

B.agrowthinpopulation

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogramme

D.thedevelopmentofnewtowns

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargereductiononunemployment

B.agrowthinthetouristindustry

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustries

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianideal

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianideal

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansociety

D.theyregardoffasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto____.挪威政府更傾向于石油工業(yè)____。

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers.A.為外國(guó)工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopmentB.減緩其發(fā)展速度

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroadC.把它生產(chǎn)的石油賣到國(guó)外去

D.developmorequicklythanatpresentD.比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞oilindustry可定位到Para.1第一句，該處講到“挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)（undercontrol）”，又提到“一項(xiàng)新的法律限制人們（Anewlawlimits）”。可知政府限制石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“為外國(guó)工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)”，文中第一段最后提到石油公司雇傭外國(guó)工人的數(shù)量不得超過(guò)限定數(shù)量，即減少雇傭工人數(shù)量。這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“把它生產(chǎn)的石油賣到國(guó)外去”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快”，文中說(shuō)到要限制石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展，D選項(xiàng)與文章相反，屬于反向干擾。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto____.挪威政府已努力去____。

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsourcesA.鼓勵(lì)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

B.禁止石油公司雇傭挪威北部人

C.heldtheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblemsC.控制石油公司解決它們的許多問(wèn)題

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsizeD.使石油工業(yè)保持在接近目前規(guī)模的水平

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，該處講到“很少有人相信政府能夠長(zhǎng)期阻止事態(tài)發(fā)展”，根據(jù)上文可知政府在控制石油工業(yè)發(fā)展。換言之，這里的事態(tài)發(fā)展就是石油工業(yè)發(fā)展。這句話的意思是很少有人相信政府能長(zhǎng)期阻止石油工業(yè)發(fā)展。說(shuō)明政府采取過(guò)控制石油工業(yè)發(fā)展的政策。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源”，而文中說(shuō)新的法律限制人們只能在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探，也就是限制人們發(fā)現(xiàn)新資源，A選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“禁止石油公司雇傭挪威北部人”，文中說(shuō)到石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始吸引人們前往南方但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)禁止雇傭北部人，B選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“控制石油公司解決它們的許多問(wèn)題”，文中提到的是石油工業(yè)解決問(wèn)題，屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto____.根據(jù)這篇文章，石油工業(yè)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致挪威北部____。

A.thedevelopmentofindustryA.工業(yè)的發(fā)展

B.agrowthinpopulationB.人口的增長(zhǎng)

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogrammeC.發(fā)展計(jì)劃的失敗

D.thedevelopmentofnewtownsD.新市鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.4最后一句，該處講到“不出幾年，整個(gè)北方政策就可能毀于一旦”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)的發(fā)展”，文中說(shuō)到“一些小的工業(yè)甚至?xí)В⊿omesmallerindustriesmightevendisappear）”屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“人口的增長(zhǎng)”，文中說(shuō)到“石油工業(yè)吸引人們前往南方（startedtodrawpeoplesouth）”也就是說(shuō)北部人口會(huì)減少。B選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“新市鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展”，北部人口跑到南方北方應(yīng)該不會(huì)有新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展，反而是南方可能有新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展，這屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe____.在南方，石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展可能產(chǎn)生的影響是____。

A.alargereductiononunemploymentA.失業(yè)率大幅下降

B.agrowthinthetouristindustryB.旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustriesC.現(xiàn)有工業(yè)數(shù)量的減少

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustriesD.發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第三段最后一句，該處講到“一些較小的工業(yè)甚至可能完全消失”。換言之，這些原本存在的小工業(yè)會(huì)減少。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)率大幅下降”，原文中說(shuō)到“服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的大部分工人將會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)去?！币?yàn)槟戏桨l(fā)展工業(yè)，那么根據(jù)原文，從事服務(wù)和旅游的人減少，失業(yè)率上升，A選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展”，“服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的大部分工人將會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)去?！甭糜螛I(yè)不會(huì)發(fā)展，B選項(xiàng)反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)”，也是根據(jù)原文中人們發(fā)展石油工業(yè)導(dǎo)致從事服務(wù)和旅游的人減少，不會(huì)發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)，D選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause____.挪威的農(nóng)民和漁民有重要的影響，因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianidealA.他們構(gòu)成了挪威人理想的很大一部分

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianidealB.他們的生活和價(jià)值觀代表了挪威人的理想

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansocietyC.他們的工作對(duì)挪威社會(huì)很有幫助

D.theyregardoffasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflifeD.他們認(rèn)為這是對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干farmers和fishermen可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句，該處講到“挪威人在他們身上看到了許多他們自豪地認(rèn)為是挪威人本質(zhì)上的品質(zhì)?！北娝苤?，挪威的農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)發(fā)展歷史悠久，農(nóng)民和漁民是挪威的代表。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們構(gòu)成了挪威人理想的很大一部分”，并不是說(shuō)挪威人的理想是漁民和農(nóng)民，而是說(shuō)漁民和農(nóng)民的生活和價(jià)值觀代表了他們的理想，A選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“他們的工作對(duì)挪威社會(huì)很有幫助”，文中只是說(shuō)石油的發(fā)展阻礙了漁業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)他們?yōu)槭裁粗匾珻選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為這是對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅”，但是文中說(shuō)的是“關(guān)于石油的真正爭(zhēng)論是它對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅”。對(duì)生活有威脅的是石油并不是farmers和fishermen。這里屬于張冠李戴。

4.單選題

Wecannotbe（）withhimduetohismisbehavioratthemeetingyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Pecked

B.reconciled

C.perturbed

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。peck啄食；perturb感到不安；presumed推定。Bereconcilewith為固定搭配，表示與……和解。

5.單選題

Ididn’tmakeoutwhattheprofessormeansbecausehishandwritingisso（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eligible

B.illegible

C.Knowledgeable

D.vague

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。eligible合格的，合適的；illegible難辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的；knowledgeable知識(shí)淵博的；vague模糊的，含糊的。由空格前的handwriting可知能修飾字跡的只有B項(xiàng)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

TheancientChinesethoughtcometswerecelestialbroomswieldedbythegodstosweeptheheavensfreeofevil.IntheWesttheywerebelievedtopresagethefallofJerusalem,thedeathofmonarchsandsuchanomaliesastwo-headedcalves.TheNormanConquestofEnglandwasattributedtothe1006flybyofHalley’s,history’smostfamouscomet,whichhasbeenlinkedtoeverythingfromJuliusCaesar’sassassinationtothedefeatofAttilatheHun.ToldthatEarthwouldpassthroughHalley’stailduringits1910visit,manyAmericanspanickedandboughtgasmasksand“cometpills.”

AlanHalecallsthesewavesoffearandmysticism“cometmadness,”andascodiscovererofCometHale-Bopp,he’sseenmorethanhisshare.Eversincehisfindwasannounced,hehasbeeninundatedwithinquiries,pronouncementsandaccusationsfromthecometaryfringe.

Halehasfoundthatthearrivalofamajorcomet—especiallysoneartheendofamillennium—isstillwidelyregardedasanomenofupheavalanddisasterSeveralChristianFundamentalists,hewritesinthecurrentissueofSkepticalInquirer,haveproclaimedHale-Bopptobeoneofthe“signsoftheendtimes”foretoldintheNewTestament.TheyalsosuggestthatthecometmightbetheobjectdescribedinRevelation8:10asagreatstarnamedWormwoodthat“fellfromheaven,blazinglikeatorch.”Wormwood,accordingtotheBible,destroysathirdofalmosteverything:people,land,riversandseas.Othersclaimthatthecometissomekindofalienmothership“underintelligentcontrol.”

SpeculationreachedafeverpitchlastNovemberwhenChuckShramek,anamateurastronomerbasedinHouston,Texas,announcedonaU.S.radiotalkshowthathehadphotographeda“Satum-likeobject”thatseemedtobefollowinginHale-Bopp'swake.Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevatedHale-BoppfantasiesfromsupermarkettabloidstothemainstreampressandgeneratedthousandsofpoststomessageboardsandastronomyhomepagesontheInternet.Onefast-spreadingrumorhaditthattheobjectwasanalienspacecraftfourtimesthesizeofEarth.

Halewasbarragedwithreporters’queries,andinanefforttocalmthereporters,heinvestigatedShramek’sphotographanddeterminedthatthe“object”initwasanordinaryeighth-magnitudestar.AfterpostinghisconclusionsontheNet,HalebecamethetargetofafloodofhateE-mail,muchofitaccusinghimofbeingpartofaconspiracytosuppressthetruenatureofHale-Bopp.

Haleacknowledgesthatitwasonlynaturalforourancestorstobeapprehensiveaboutthefieryapparitionsinthenightsky.Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.“Iaskreaderstotreatalltheseirresponsiblereportswiththedisdaintheydeserve,”hesays,“andinsteadenjoythebeautyofthecometforitsownsake,”

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）

2.AlanHale’sattitudetowardshiscontemporaryastronomers’sreportsaboutnewlydiscoveredcometsis（）

3.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Judgingbythecontext,theword“inundated”inParagraphTwomostprobablymeans（）

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Comets,OmensofDisasters

B.TheDiscoveryofCometHale-Bopp

C.AlanHale,AGreatAstronomer

D.CrazyaboutComets

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.contemptuous

B.unconcerned

C.liberal

D.positive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThereareavarietyofexplanationsofComet-Bopp.

B.IntheWest,cometsareregardedasomensofupheavalsanddisasters.

C.AlanHalehasdiscoveredmanyothercometsexceptcometHale-Bopp.

D.ManypeoplewerenotsatisfiedbyAlanHale’sinterpretationofChuckShramek’sfind.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.relished

B.overwhelmed

C.charged

D.deprived

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ChuckShramek’sclaimcausedagreatpublicconcernandinterest

B.AlanHaleisnotfondofE-mail

C.Fewastronomersaresuperstitious

D.MostAmericansarenotimpressionable

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首段提到西方人們對(duì)彗星的恐懼，接下來(lái)主要講了天文學(xué)家Hale對(duì)彗星的研究以及受到人們的指控。所以選項(xiàng)C更符合本文主題。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.”但他對(duì)當(dāng)代的天文學(xué)家們沒(méi)有耐心，他認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該知道得更多。由此推斷，Hale

的是輕蔑的。選項(xiàng)A正確。unconcerned不關(guān)心的；liberal慷慨的；positive積極的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中只提到Hale發(fā)現(xiàn)了波普彗星，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多其他的彗星，所以選項(xiàng)C表述錯(cuò)誤。

4.詞義題。根據(jù)原文：自從他宣布了自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)，他就被各種調(diào)查、聲明和指控淹沒(méi)了。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。relished品味；charged被指控；deprived被剝奪。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的倒數(shù)第二句“Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevated...ontheInternet.”Shramek令人窒息的聲明將Comet-Bopp的幻想從超市小報(bào)提升到了主流媒體，并在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的留言板和天文學(xué)主頁(yè)上發(fā)布了數(shù)千條帖子。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

7.單選題

Iran’smoralitypoliceare______onthesaleofBarbiedollstoprotectthepublicfromwhattheyseeasperniciouswesterncultureerodingIslamicvalues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.puttingdown

B.breakingdown

C.crackingdown

D.lookingdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)puttingdown“放下；鎮(zhèn)壓（暴動(dòng)，叛亂）”；B選項(xiàng)breakingdown“損壞；分解開(kāi)”；C選項(xiàng)crackingdown“嚴(yán)加管制，打擊”；D選項(xiàng)lookingdown“往下看”。句意：伊朗道德警察正______芭比娃娃的銷售，避免他們視為有害的西方文化侵蝕伊斯蘭價(jià)值觀，以此保護(hù)公眾。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，crackingdown“嚴(yán)加管制，打擊”搭配sale“銷售”比較合理，意指警察嚴(yán)格管制芭比娃娃的市場(chǎng)銷售，符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

“Nomanisanisland,”wrotethepoetJohnDonneseveralcenturiesago.Hewasacknowledgingoneofourmost(1)characteristics:thefactthatwearesocialanimalswhosebehaviorandpersonalitiesare(2)bythegroupstowhichwebelong.

Throughoutlife,mostofourdailyactivities(3)inthecompanyofothers.Whetherourpurposeisworking,playing,raisingafamily,learning,orsimplyrelaxing.Weusually(4)itingroupsevenifthegroupisassmallastwoorthreepeople.Ourneedforhumancontactsisnotmerelyapracticalone;itisadeeppsychologicalneedaswell.Ifpeopleare(5)ofthecompanyofothersfor(6)periods,mentalbreakdownistheusualresult.EventheGenevaConvention,aninternationalagreementthat(7)thetreatmentofprisonersofwar,recognizesthisneed.Itregards(8)imprisonmentformorethanthirtydaysasacruelformoftorture.

Initsstrictestsense,agroupisacollectionofpeople(9)togetherinanorderlywayonthebasisofsharedexpectationaboutoneanother’sbehavior.Asaresultofthisinteraction,membersfeelacommonsenseof“belonging.”They(10)membersfrommembersandexpectcertainkindsofbehaviorfromoutsiders.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.odd

B.distinctive

C.explicit

D.obvious

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.shaped

B.distinguished

C.identified

D.justified

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.designed

B.undertaked

C.assigned

D.performed

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.reach

B.complete

C.pursue

D.accomplish

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.deprived

C.relieved

D.informed

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.continuous

B.noticeable

C.dramatic

D.prolonged

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.regulates

B.prescribes

C.rectifies

D.demonstrates

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.harsh

B.severe

C.solitary

D.remote

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.living

B.interacting

C.communicating

D.putting

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.distinguish

B.isolate

C.separate

D.recognize

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】第1題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)odd“奇怪的”，B項(xiàng)distinctive“獨(dú)特的，有特色的；與眾不同的”，C項(xiàng)explicit“直率的，清楚的，明確的”，D項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的，顯而易見(jiàn)的”，文中是說(shuō)John是一個(gè)什么樣的人，根據(jù)后文他闡述了人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物，我們的行為和個(gè)性受我們所屬的群體影響，因此可以看出他對(duì)人類是有做出貢獻(xiàn)的，因此答案為B，“mostdistinctivecharacteristics”最杰出的人。

第2題:本題考查了詞組的含義。A項(xiàng)beshapedby“受……影響”，B項(xiàng)bedistinguishedby“以……為特征”，C項(xiàng)beidentifiedby“被識(shí)別，被確定”，D項(xiàng)bejustifiedby“以……為依據(jù)”，根據(jù)上文的人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物以及常識(shí)可以得出，這一空表達(dá)的是人類的行為是受他所屬的群體所影響，其余選項(xiàng)代入不符合文意，答案為A。

第3題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)designed“設(shè)計(jì)”，B項(xiàng)undertake“承擔(dān)，保證”，C項(xiàng)assigned“分配”，D項(xiàng)performed“進(jìn)行，表演”，根據(jù)句意我們可知，本句意思應(yīng)當(dāng)為：在我們的一生中，我們大部分的日常活動(dòng)都是在他人的陪伴下進(jìn)行的，其余答案都太過(guò)牽強(qiáng)，答案為D。

第4題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)reach“達(dá)到”，B項(xiàng)complete“完成，達(dá)成”，C項(xiàng)pursue“追求，從事”，一般指對(duì)人生價(jià)值和目標(biāo)的追求，D項(xiàng)accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”，題干的含義就是我們通常都是在一個(gè)組別里進(jìn)行我們的所有活動(dòng)，哪怕我們的小組只有兩三個(gè)人，因此答案為C。

第5題:本題考查了考生對(duì)于詞語(yǔ)含義的掌握。A項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān)，關(guān)心”，B項(xiàng)deprived“喪失，剝奪”，C項(xiàng)relived“減輕，消除”，D項(xiàng)informed“知道，使了解”，根據(jù)上文我們可以看出，本文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人不能獨(dú)自生活著，沒(méi)有人是一座孤島，我們都在社群中進(jìn)行我們的活動(dòng)，因此，本句話的句意為如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，答案為B。

第6題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)continuous“持續(xù)的”，B項(xiàng)noticeable“顯而易見(jiàn)的，顯著的”，C項(xiàng)dramtic“巨大的，急劇的，引人注目的”，D項(xiàng)prolonged“持續(xù)很久的，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的”，句子的意思應(yīng)該是如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，因?yàn)槠渌倪x項(xiàng)代入都不通順且不合常理，因此答案為D。

第7題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)regulates“調(diào)節(jié)，規(guī)定”，B項(xiàng)prescribes“開(kāi)處方，規(guī)定”，C項(xiàng)rectifies“改正”，D項(xiàng)demonsrates“證明，展示，論證”，從句意我們不難看出文章想表達(dá)的是，《日內(nèi)瓦公約》也規(guī)定承認(rèn)這一需要，A、B從句意來(lái)看都對(duì)，但是B項(xiàng)的規(guī)定沒(méi)有A項(xiàng)那么正式，因此答案為A更符合用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。

第8題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)酷的，刺耳的”，B項(xiàng)severe“嚴(yán)峻的，嚴(yán)厲的，劇烈的”，C項(xiàng)solitary“孤獨(dú)的，隱居的”，D項(xiàng)remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的”，結(jié)合上下文，前文是在講如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，因此這一空按照邏輯也應(yīng)該與上文相匹配，因此答案為C，整個(gè)句子的意思是“它認(rèn)為30天以上的單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁是一種殘忍的酷刑”。

第9題:本題考查上下文的掌握和詞義。A項(xiàng)living“生活，居住”，B項(xiàng)interacting“互相影響，相互作用”，C項(xiàng)communicating“交流”，D項(xiàng)putting“放置”，這一空的解題關(guān)鍵在后文，下一句中講到，“Asaresultofthisinteraction”，這一句話中的interaction提示了我們前一空的答案與之相呼應(yīng)的是B項(xiàng)，意為：從最嚴(yán)格的意義上說(shuō)，群體就是一群人的集合，他們按井然有序的方式在一起互動(dòng)，并對(duì)彼此的行為抱有共同的期望。

第10題:本題考查的是詞義的辨析。A項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)分，辨別”，B項(xiàng)isolate“隔離，孤立”，C項(xiàng)separate“分離，使分開(kāi)”，D項(xiàng)recognize“分診，認(rèn)得”，本題考查詞義，從整個(gè)句子來(lái)看，我們不難猜測(cè)出，這一句的意思應(yīng)該是：他們把成員和非成員區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)，因此答案為A，distinguishfrom“區(qū)分，辨別”。

9.單選題

Thehelicopterisanincrediblyversatilemachine.Itcanfly,straightupordown,hoverlikeafly,andgoforwards,backwards,orsideways.Itthereforeneedsnolong,preparedrunwaylikeanormalairplanedoes.Itcanoperatefromaflatroofinthecityorfromaclearinginthejunglewithequalease.However,helicoptersarenowherenearasfastasnormalfixed-wingairplanesandhaveatopspeedofonlyabout200milesanhour.

Thehelicopterhasoftenbeencalledthe'flyingwindmill'becauseofthelong,rotatingblades,orrotor,ontopofitsbody.Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.Therotorbladeshavethesameaero-foilshapesasairplanewingsandpropellerstogeneratetherequiredliftandthrust.

Whenthemainrotorrotates,thebodyofthehelicopterlendstospinbyreactionintheoppositedirection.Tocounteractthiseffect,asmallrotorismountedsidewaysonthetail.Thethrustproducedbythistailrotorinnormalflightjustbalancestheturningtendencyofthehelicopterbodywhichthereforeremainssteady.Boththemainandthetailrotorsaredrivenbythehelicopterenginethroughthesamegearbox.Anotherwayofmaintainingstabilityintheairistohavetwinmainrotorswhicheachrotateinoppositedirections.Then,the"spinning"tendencyofonecancelsthatoftheother.

Movementofthehelicopterinadirection-forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown-isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.Thepitchistheangleatwhichthebladesslicethroughor'bite'theair.Toflystraightupwardsallthebladesaresetatthesamesharppitch.Inthispositiontheyachievemaximumlift.Todescend,thepitchofthebladesisreducedsothattheliftisinsufficienttosupportthehelicopter'sweight.

Thepilotadjuststhepitchforupordownmovementbymovingthecollective-pitchstick.Thisisalsolinkedtotheenginethrottlessothatmorepowerisappliedasthepitchincreases.Thisistoovercomethegreaterairresistancewiththesharperpitch.Conversely,theengineisthrottledbackwhenthepitchisreducedfordescentbecausethereislessairresistance.

Toflyforwards,thepitchoftherotorbladesisvariedastheyrotate.Forforwardmotion,thepitchismadeleastatthefrontandgraduallyincreasedastheblademovesbackwards.Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.Thesamegoesforanyhorizontalmovement——thepitchismadeleastinthedesireddirectionoftravel.Thecyclic-pitchstickcontrolsthepitchoftherotorforhorizontalflight.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat（）.

2.What'sthebasicfunctionofthemainrotorofahelicopter?

3.Themovementofthehelicopterinanydirectioniscontrolledby（）.

4.Toflyforwards,ahelicopterhasto（）.

5.Theword"descend"inline4ofparagraph4canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Thephrase"Thisposition"inline4ofparagraph4refersto（）.

7.Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothingisperfect

B.generallyspeaking,helicoptersarebetterthanotherairplanes

C.fixed-wingairplaneshaveatopspeedofabout200milesperhour

D.helicoptersarenotatallversatile

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tocounteractthespinningofahelicopter.

B.Tomaintainstabilityintheair.

C.Torotateinoppositedirection.

D.Toproducetheforcetodriveitalongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.asmallrotor

B.itstail

C.varyingthepitchoftherotorblades

D.counteractingmaximumlift

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.supportthehelicopter'sweight

B.sweeptheairbackwardsandpushthehelicopterforwards

C.belinkedtotheenginethrottle

D.slicethroughtheair

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.settle

B.come

C.godown

D.decrease

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A."Toflystraightupwards"

B."thesamesharppitch"

C."Thepitch"

D.''achievemaximumlift”

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.TheHelicopter

B.ThePitch

C.RotatingBlades

D.TheflyingHelicopter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,本段講述了直升機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),也就是說(shuō)沒(méi)有什么是完美的。選項(xiàng)A最能概括本段。

2.根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.”這個(gè)主旋翼既充當(dāng)螺旋槳又充當(dāng)機(jī)翼,提供推動(dòng)直升機(jī)前進(jìn)的推力,也提供使直升機(jī)離開(kāi)地面的升力。選項(xiàng)D與原文描述一致。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Movementofthehelicopterinadirection—forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown—isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.”為了向前飛行,直升機(jī)需要向后掃空氣。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.根據(jù)原文句意：葉片的節(jié)距減小,使升力不足以支撐直升機(jī)的重量,這樣直升機(jī)就會(huì)下降,所以“descend”指的是下降,選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.根據(jù)原文句意：為了垂直向上飛行,所有的葉片都設(shè)置在相同的間距。在這個(gè)位置,他們達(dá)到最大的升力。由此可知,“thisposition”指的是上一句提及的相同的間距,選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講的直升機(jī)是如何運(yùn)作的,選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)是飛行中的飛機(jī),所以選項(xiàng)D不正確。

10.單選題

ThesunriseasseenfromthetopofMountTaiistremendous（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scenery

B.spectacle

C.grandeur

D.landscape

【答案】B

【解析】scenery風(fēng)景，景色；spectacle奇觀，壯觀；grandeur壯麗，莊嚴(yán)，宏偉；landscape風(fēng)景，山水畫(huà)。句意：從泰山頂上看日出是一幅壯觀的景象。選項(xiàng)C一般指建筑，所以選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

11.單選題

USAisoneofthePowersintheworld,butit'sa(n)（）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.prejudice

C.dilemma

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】paradox悖論,自相矛盾的人或事；prejudice偏見(jiàn)；dilemma困境；conflict沖突,矛盾。句意：美國(guó)是世界大國(guó)之一,但在如此富裕的國(guó)家卻有如此多的窮人,這是一個(gè)悖論。

12.單選題

Agoodmanyhouses（）knockeddownbytheearthquake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的houses可知空格處的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。句意：許多房子在地震中被震垮了。根據(jù)句意可知地震是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以用wereknockeddown，即被動(dòng)式的過(guò)去，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。本句主語(yǔ)為Thislaw，賓語(yǔ)為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)修飾先行詞accidents，定語(yǔ)中包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，句意：這項(xiàng)法律___兒童下車時(shí)跑過(guò)馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語(yǔ)，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語(yǔ)，法律不會(huì)主動(dòng)做某事，可至空格需要填入被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom,（）schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compelling

B.forced

C.obliged

D.compulsory

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。compelling“強(qiáng)制的”；forced“被迫的”；obliged“有責(zé)任的”；compulsory“必修的，義務(wù)的”。句意：在蘇格蘭，就像在英國(guó)的其他地方一樣，義務(wù)教育是從5歲到16歲。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Tworelativelyrecentindependentdevelopmentstandbehindthecurrentmajorresearch

effortonnitrogenfixation,(固氮)theprocessbywhichbacteriasymbioticallyrenderleguminous(豆科的)plantsindependentofnitrogenfertilizer,onedevelopmenthasbeentherapid,sustainedincreaseinthepriceofnitrogenfertilizer.Theotherdevelopmenthasbeentherapidgrowthofknowledgeofandtechnicalsophisticationingeneticengineering.Fertilizerprices,largelytiedtothepriceofnaturalgas，hugeamountsofwhichgointothemanufactureoffertilizer,willcontinuetorepresentanenormousandescalating,economicburdenonmodemagriculture,spurringthesearchforalternativestosynthetic(合成的)fertilizers.Andgeneticengineeringisjustthesortoffundamentalbreakthroughthatopensupprospectsofwhollynovelalternatives.Onesuchnovelideaisthatofinsertingintothechromosomes(染色體)ofplantsdiscretegenesthatarenotapartoftheplants’naturalconstitution:specifically,theideaofinsertingintononleguminousplantsthegenes,iftheycanbeidentifiedandisolated,thatfittheleguminousplantstobehostsfornitrogen-fixingbacteria.

Nitrogenfixationisaprocessinwhichcertainbacteriauseatmosphericnitrogengas,whichgreenplantcannotdirectlyutilize,toproduceammonia(氨)anitrogencompoundplantscanuse.Itisoneofnature’sgreatironiesthattheavailabilityofnitrogeninthesoilfrequentlysetsanupperlimitonplantgrowtheventhoughtheplants’sleavesarebathedinaseaofnitrogengas.Theleguminousplantsamongthemcropplantssuchassoybeans,peas,alfalfa,andclover-havesolvedthenitrogensupplyproblembyenteringintoasymbiotic(共生的)relationshipwiththebacterialgenusRhizobium(根瘤菌);asamatteroffact,thereisaspecificstrainofRhizobiumforeachspeciesoflegume.Thehostplantsuppliesthebacteriawithfoodandaprotectedhabitatandreceivessurplusammoniainexchange.Hence,legumescanthriveinnitrogendepletedsoil.

Unfortunatelymostofthemajorfoodcropsincludingmaize,wheat,rice,andpotatoescannot.Onthecontrary,manyofthehigh-yieldinghybrid(雜種的)varietiesofthesefoodcropsbredduringtheGreenRevolutionofthe1960’swereselectedspecificallytogivehighyieldsinresponsetogenerousapplicationsofnitrogenfertilizer.Thisposesanadditionalformidablechallengetoplantgeneticists:theymustworkonenhancingfixationwithintheexistingsymbioses.Unlesstheysucceed,theyieldgainsoftheGreenRevolutionwillbelargelylostevenifthegenesinlegumesthatequipthoseplantstoenterintoasymbiosiswithnitrogenfixersareidentifiedandisolated,andevenifthetransferofthosegenecomplexes,oncetheyarefound,becomespossible.Theoveralltasklooksforbidding,butthestakesaretoohighnottoundertakeit.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thereiscurrentlynostrainofRhizobiumthatcanenterintoasymbiosiswith（

）.

3.ThepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingistrueofthebacterialgenusRhizobium?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingwasthemostinfluentialfactorinbringingaboutintensifiedresearchonnitrogenfixation?

5.Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostcloselyanalogoustothesituationdescribedbytheauthorasoneofnature’sgreatironies.(thesentenceinitalicsinparagraph2)

6.Accordingtothepassage,theultimategoalofthecurrentresearchonnitrogenfixationistodevelop（

）.

7.Theauthorregardstheresearchprogramunderdiscussionas（

）.

8.Mostnearlyparallel,initsfundamentalapproach,totheresearchprogramdescribedinthepassagewouldbeaprogramdesignedto