考研考博-英語-四川職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thepercentageofimmigrants(includingthoseunlawfullypresent)intheUnitedStateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percent,itisnowhigherthanatanypointsincethemid1920s.

WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomanyofthewrongsortofnewcomers.Theirloudestcriticsarguethatthenewwaveofimmigrantscannot,andindeeddonotwantto,fitinaspreviousgenerationsdid.

Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.Intime,Italians,Romaniansandmembersofotherso-calledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatly,inwaystoonumeroustodetail,tothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess.

AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrantsdobetter,intermsofeducationalandprofessionalattainment,thantheirparents.UCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthatthegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeed,thefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoffthanthethird.JamesJackson,oftheUniversityofMichigan,hasfoundasimilartrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrants.TellesfearsthatMexican-AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks—thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglypermanentstateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfrican-Americans,Mexican-Americansareincreasinglyrelegatedtosegregated,substandardschools,andtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthecountry.

Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadoptAmericanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirown,butasargumentsaboutimmigrationheatupthecampaigntrail,wealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilation,abouthowtoensurethatpeople,onceoutsiders,don’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores.

Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkers,orhowbesttosecuretheborder,anditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.Itwillhavemoreimpactonourfuturethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwaveofwould-beAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswerright.

1.HowwereimmigrantsviewedbyU.S.Congressinearlydays?

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewimmigrants?

3.WhatdoesEdwardTelles’researchsayaboutMexican-Americans?

4.Whatshouldbedonetohelpthenewimmigrants?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,theburningissueconcerningimmigrationis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereofinferiorraces.

B.Theywereasourceofpoliticalcorruption.

C.Theywereathreattothenation’ssecurity.

D.Theywerepartofthenation’sbloodstream.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheywillbeadynamicworkforceintheU.S.

B.Theycandojustaswellastheirpredecessors.

C.Theywillbeverydisappointedonthenewland.

D.Theymayfindithardtofitintothemainstream.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theymayslowlyimprovefromgenerationtogeneration.

B.Theywilldobetterintermsofeducationalattainment.

C.TheywillmeltintotheAfrican-Americancommunity.

D.Theymayforeverremainpoorandunderachieving.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ridthemoftheirinferioritycomplex.

B.UrgethemtoadoptAmericancustoms.

C.Preventthemfrombeingmarginalized.

D.TeachthemstandardAmericanEnglish.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.HowtodealwithpeopleenteringtheU.S.withoutdocuments

B.HowtohelpimmigrantstobetterfitintoAmericansociety

C.Howtostopillegalimmigrantsfromcrossingtheborder

D.HowtolimitthenumberofimmigrantstoentertheU.S.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵字U.S.Congress可以定位到原文第二段“WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.”，中文翻譯為：我們不會(huì)回到美國國會(huì)公開擔(dān)心低等種族會(huì)玷污美國人的血統(tǒng)的時(shí)期。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)：他們是低等的民族。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞newimmigrants可以定位到文章第三段中“Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess.”，中文翻譯為：這些新移民沒有理由不應(yīng)該有著同樣的成功。知B項(xiàng)“他們可以如自己的前輩那樣做的一樣好”符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Mexican-Americans可以定位到文章第四段“TellesfearsthatMexican-AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks—thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglypermanentstateofpovertyandunderachievement.”，中文翻譯為：泰勒擔(dān)心，墨西哥裔美國人可能注定跟隨美國黑人的步伐，即社區(qū)中的那個(gè)較大的部分可能變得陷入一個(gè)似乎永久的貧困和低成就的狀態(tài)中。因此，D選項(xiàng)“他們可能永遠(yuǎn)是貧窮且成就低的”最符合題意。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞newimmigrants定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段“wealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilation,abouthowtoensurethatpeople,onceoutsiders,don’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores.”，中文翻譯為：我們也應(yīng)該就同化、如何確保曾經(jīng)的外來者在這些地區(qū)不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)的處于被邊緣化而提出一些更加廣泛的問題。故C最符合題意。

5.【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可以定位倒數(shù)第二段“ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.”，中文翻譯為：但是，我們也還沒有學(xué)到如何讓美國化進(jìn)程適應(yīng)所有人。以及原文最后一段“Thatisamuchlargerquestion...”，中文翻譯為：那是一個(gè)大的問題……可以得知B項(xiàng)“如何幫助移民更好地融入美國社會(huì)”最為符合。

2.單選題

Themilitaryoperations（）yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.propelled

B.commenced

C.plagued

D.modulated

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析?？崭裉幾龅氖呛笾枚ㄕZ，修飾themilitaryoperations(軍事行動(dòng))，B項(xiàng)commenced(開始)符合句意。

3.單選題

Thehighunemploymentratesoftheearly1960soccasionedaspiriteddebatewithintheeconomicsprofession.Onegroupfoundtheprimarycauseofunemploymentinslowgrowthandthesolutionineconomicexpansion.Theotherfoundthemajorexplanationinchangesthathadoccurredinthesupplyanddemandforlaborandstressedmeasuresformatchingdemandwithsupply.

Theexpansionistschoolofthought,withtheCouncilofEconomicAdvisersasitsleadingadvocates,attributedthepersistentlyhighunemploymentleveltoaslowrateofeconomicgrowthresultingfromadeficiencyofaggregatedemandforgoodsandservices.ThemajorityofthisschoolendorsedthepositionoftheCouncilthattaxreductionwouldeventuallyreducetheunemploymentlevelto4%ofthelaborforcewithnootherassistance.At4%,bottlenecksinskilledlabor,middle-levelmanpower,andprofessionalpersonnelwereexpectedtoretardgrowthandgeneratewage-pricepressures.Togobeyond4%,theinterimgoaloftheCouncil,itwasrecognizedthatimprovededucation,training,andretraining,andotherstructuralmeasureswouldberequired.Someexpansionistsinsistedthatthedemandforgoodsandserviceswasnearlysatiatedandthatitwasimpossiblefortheprivatesectortoabsorbasignificantincreaseinoutput.Intheirestimate,onlythelower-incomefifthofthepopulationandthepublicsectorofferedsufficientoutletsfortheproductiveeffortsofthepotentiallaborforce.Thefactthattheneedsofthepoorandthemanyunmetdemandsforpublicservicesheldhigherprioritythanthedemandsofthemarketplaceinthevaluestructureofthisgroupnodoubtinfluencedtheireconomicjudgments.

Thosewhofoundthemajorcauseofunemploymentinstructuralfeatureswereprimarilylaboreconomists,concernedprofessionallywithefficientfunctioningoflabormarketsthroughprogramstodevelopskillsandplaceindividualworkers.TheymaintainedthatincreasedaggregatedemandwasanecessarybutnotsufficientconditionforreachingeithertheCEA's4%targetortheirownpreferred3%.Thispessimismwasbased,inpart,ontheconclusionthatunemploymentamongtheyoung,theunskilled,minoritygroups,anddepressedgeographicalareasisnoteasilyattackedbyincreasinggeneraldemand.Further,theirestimateofthenumbersofpotentialmembersofthelaborforcewhohadwithdrawnornorenteredbecauseoflackofemploymentopportunitywassubstantiallyhigherthanthatoftheCEA.Theyalsoprojectedthatincreaseddemandwouldputaddedpressureonskillsalreadyinshortsupplyratherthanemploytheunemployed,andthatbecauseoftechnologicalchange,whichwasreplacingmanpower,muchhigherlevelsofdemandwouldbenecessarytocreatethesamenumberofjobs.

Thestructuralschool,too,haditshyperenthusiasts:Fiscalconservativeswho,asanalternativetoexpansionarypolicies,arguedthenotveryplausiblepositionthatajobwasavailableforeveryperson,providedonlythatheorshehadtherequisiteskillsorwouldrelocate.Suchextremistpositionsaside,therewasactuallyconsiderableagreementbetweentwomaingroups,thoughthiswasnotrecognizedatthelime.Bothrealizedtheadvisabilityofataxcuttoincreasedemand,andbothneededtoreduceunemploymentbelowapointaround4%.Ineithercase,thepolicyimplicationsdifferedinemphasisandnotincontent.

1.Theauthor'streatmentofthe"hyperenthusiasts"canbestbedescribedasoneof().

2.Accordingtothepassage,therewasagooddealofagreementbetweentheexpansionistandstructuralisttheorieson().

3.Althoughtheyagreedthatanincreaseindemandwasnecessarytoreduceunemployment,theexpansionistsarguedthat().

4.Theauthordiscountsthevalueoftheexpansionists'judgmentbypointingoutthatit().

5.Itcanbeinferredthatthehyperenthusiastscontendedthat().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tolerance

B.appreciation

C.dismissal

D.sarcasm

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.howtoreduceunemploymentinthe1960s

B.howtoreduceunemploymentto4percent

C.whatrolethegovernmentplayedinreducingunemployment

D.howtoeliminatestructuraldeficiencies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.importanceshouldbeattachedtostructuralmeasuressuchaseducationandtraining

B.politicallyconservativepoliciesshouldbemadeintheefforttoreduceunemployment

C.ataxcutwouldnotbesufficienttohelptocreateincreaseddemand

D.governmentspendingtoincreasedemandshouldfundprogramsforlowerincomegroupsandpublicservices

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wasnotborneoutwithsufficientinformation

B.wascoloredbytheirpoliticalviewpoint

C.wasnotmadefromaprofessionalpointofview

D.wasdeemedtobeimpracticalandthusincorrect

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theproblemofunemploymentcouldbesolvedwithgovernmentretrainingandeducationprograms

B.thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasgreatlyoverestimatedbytheCouncilofEconomicAdvisers

C.thepoorhadagreaterneedforexpandedgovernmentservicesthanthemoreaffluentportionofthepopulation

D.fiscalpoliciesalonewerepowerfulenoughtoreducethejoblessrateto4percentoftheworkforce

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一自然段。作者對(duì)財(cái)政保守派一方面可以增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)但落實(shí)不到實(shí)處的態(tài)度有點(diǎn)諷剌意味。tolerance容忍;appreciation欣賞;dismissal不予理會(huì);sarcasm諷刺,嘲笑。所以選D。

2.根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)二三句"Suchextremistpositionsaside,...bothneededtoreduceunemploymentbelowapointaround4%."他們都意識(shí)到減稅以增加需求是明智的,都需要將失業(yè)率降低到4%以下。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段前部分內(nèi)容可知,擴(kuò)張主義思想體系中,大多數(shù)人都贊同委員會(huì)的立場,即在沒有其他援助的情況下,僅通過減稅就能將失業(yè)率降至4%。為了達(dá)到這一目標(biāo),需要改善教育培訓(xùn)以及其他結(jié)構(gòu)性措施。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Thefactthat...theireconomicjudgments."在這個(gè)群體的價(jià)值結(jié)構(gòu)中,窮人的需要和許多未得到滿足的對(duì)公共服務(wù)的要求比市場的要求具有更高的優(yōu)先地位,這無疑影響了他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)判斷。所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,這些潛在熱心者認(rèn)為：每個(gè)人可獲得的工作機(jī)會(huì)并不是很合理,工作只會(huì)提供給那些有相應(yīng)技能的求職者,否則會(huì)被調(diào)劑。也就是說,求職者想要解決就業(yè)問題需要經(jīng)過再就業(yè)培訓(xùn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

4.單選題

Ishouldbeabletofinishthetaskontime,（）youprovidemewiththenecessaryguidance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incase

B.providedthat

C.orelse

D.asif

【答案】B

【解析】考查條件句。前半部分說“我應(yīng)該能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)”，后半部分是條件“只要你提供給我必要的指導(dǎo)”。A選項(xiàng)incase“萬一”；B選項(xiàng)providedthat“只要”；C選項(xiàng)orelse“否則，要不然”；D選項(xiàng)asif“好像”，結(jié)合句意，只有B項(xiàng)符合。

5.單選題

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontentwhichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticrealtyitthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent:displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentisrobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterestitmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromits“sensuousembodiment”withoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)

Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofancanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-the.formbeingdefinitiveofeach’work’sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.

Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallifeifontheotherhandweinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticular"work-ofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

1.Hegelarguedthat（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?

4.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause

（

）.

5.Thispassageismainlyabout（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

B.itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

C.theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

D.Theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises

B.bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

C.thecometandform,oftheworkofartareseparable

D.aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.

B.Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectsofaestheticinterest.

C.Thecontentpresentedwithoutany'individualityisnotmecontentoftheworkofan.

D.Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Kantthinkstheyareindispensable

B.eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox

C.thepremisesareseparated

D.thepremisescanaccountforthetheory

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thesensuousappreciationofart

B.thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience

C.howtoappreciatetheworkofart

D.therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofan

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.文章第四段but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到康德認(rèn)為對(duì)兩個(gè)前提中的一個(gè)予以否定是不可能的，選項(xiàng)A與之相符。

3.文章第二段Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask提到人們?cè)噲D對(duì)藝術(shù)品找到一個(gè)實(shí)在東西表達(dá)其含義，但是沒有成功，所以選項(xiàng)B的描述是錯(cuò)誤的，符合題意。

4.文章第四段提到Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到這兩個(gè)前提（premise）對(duì)解決這個(gè)自相矛盾（paradox）并沒有用，所以他們是可有可無的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章主要講述了黑格爾對(duì)藝術(shù)的內(nèi)容和形式之間的關(guān)系的看法，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience.（）theword‘a(chǎn)mateur’doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Then

C.Besides

D.Asaresult

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞和詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而，不過”；B選項(xiàng)then“然后；于是”；C選項(xiàng)besides“此外；而且”；D選項(xiàng)asaresult“結(jié)果；因此”。句意：在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，專業(yè)人士和業(yè)余愛好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線。然而，“業(yè)余”一詞的確意味著相關(guān)人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學(xué)界。由題干中的“doescarryaconnotation確實(shí)暗示著”可知與前面存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

IntheAmericans’minds,thereareboundariesthatotherpeoplearesimplynotsupposedtocross.Whentheboundariesarecrossed,Americanswill（）stiffenandtheirmannerwillbecomecool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.visibly

B.tragically

C.uneasily

D.tremendously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。visibly“明顯地，顯然地”；tragically“悲劇地，悲慘地”；uneasily“不自在地，不穩(wěn)定地”；tremendously“非常地，可怕地”。句意：在美國人的心目中,有些界限人們是不能跨越的。當(dāng)這些界限被越過時(shí),美國人會(huì)（）變得僵硬,他們的態(tài)度會(huì)變得很冷酷。and表示并列關(guān)系，其前后表示的內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)一致，由and后面的內(nèi)容“他們的態(tài)度也很冷酷”可推知空格處意為美國人明顯變得很僵硬，故A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

I’msurethatIcansoon（

）himintoacceptingourplan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.say

B.speak

C.talk

D.tell

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。talksbinto...表示“說服某人做某事”。句意：我確信我很快就能說服他接受我們的計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.單選題

Thechildrensinginganddancingonthemeadowmadeacharmingspectacle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tool

B.glasses

C.scenery

D.sight

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)tool“工具”；B選項(xiàng)glasses“眼鏡”；C選項(xiàng)scenery“景色”；D選項(xiàng)sight“視力”。句意：孩子們?cè)诓莸厣铣韬吞瑁瑯?gòu)成了一幅迷人的景象。劃線部分spectacle是景象的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Attemptstoreconcilethesetwodecisionshaveexpanded,humaningenuityandexpendedunconscionableamountoftime,effortandpaper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excessive

B.uncouth

C.gullible

D.ignoble

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)excessive“過多的，極度的；過分的”；B選項(xiàng)uncouth“笨拙的；粗野的；不舒適的；陌生的”；C選項(xiàng)gullible“易受騙的；輕信的”；D選項(xiàng)ignoble“不光彩的；卑鄙的；卑賤的”。句意：調(diào)和這兩個(gè)決定的嘗試已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大，人類的聰明才智和花費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間、努力和文件。unconscionable“過度的；不合理的；昧著良心的；肆無忌憚的”。A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（

）off.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.screened

D.separated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免，避開”；exclude“排除，不包括”；screen“篩，拍攝，放映”；separate“分開，隔開”。句意：不同種類的宇宙線從外太空穿透空氣，但是大量的太陽輻射都被阻擋了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Findingthecauseofadiseasewillprovidea（

）forresearchonacureforit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospect

B.incentive

C.spur

D.inducement

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。prospect“前途，預(yù)期”；incentive“動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激”；spur“刺激，鞭策”；inducement“誘因”。句意：找出疾病的原因是為其治療方法研究提供前景。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

Despitetremendousachievements,formidableobstaclestodevelopmentwillpersist.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.difficultt

B.sustainablet

C.externalt

D.unpredictable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。formidable表示“強(qiáng)大的，可怕的”；A項(xiàng)difficult“困難的，艱難的”，B項(xiàng)sustainable“可以忍受的，足以支撐的”，C項(xiàng)external“外部的，外表的”，D項(xiàng)unpredictable“不可預(yù)知的，出乎意料的”。句意：盡管取得了巨大成就，但發(fā)展仍將面臨巨大障礙。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Theinventor（）hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’sefficiencytoahigherlevel.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.executed

B.cultivated

C.modified

D.decorated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)executed“執(zhí)行”；B選項(xiàng)cultivated“培養(yǎng)”；C選項(xiàng)modified“修改”；D選項(xiàng)decorated“裝飾”。句意：發(fā)明家為了把機(jī)器的效率提高到一個(gè)更高的水平……原來的設(shè)計(jì)。increasethemachine’sefficiency提高效率與originaldesign原來的設(shè)計(jì)之間的關(guān)系，有不足之處即要做出挑戰(zhàn)與改變，故C選項(xiàng)更符合語義。

15.單選題

Plantsraisedingreenhousesaretendedmethodicallyinanattempttocreatethebestpossibleconditionsfortheirgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.systematically

B.naturally

C.personally

D.lovingly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。methodically表示“有方法地，有系統(tǒng)地”；A項(xiàng)systematically“系統(tǒng)地”，B項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”，C項(xiàng)personally“個(gè)人地”，D項(xiàng)lovingly“親切地，鐘愛地”。句意：在溫室里培育的植物受到系統(tǒng)地照料，盡可能為它們的生長創(chuàng)造最好的可能條件。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

16.單選題

Itisrather（

）thatwestilldonotknowhowmanyspeciesthereareintheworldtoday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misleading

B.boring

C.embarrassing

D.demanding

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)misleading“誤導(dǎo)性的”；B選項(xiàng)boring“無聊的，無趣的”；C選項(xiàng)embarrassing“使人尷尬的，令人為難的”；D選項(xiàng)demanding“要求高的，要求極嚴(yán)的”。句中的it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，由“westilldonotknowhowmanyspeciesthereareintheworldtoday（我們?nèi)匀徊恢澜裉焓澜缟嫌卸嗌俜N物種）”可知C選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：我們現(xiàn)在還不知道世界上有多少物種，這是相當(dāng)令人尷尬的。

17.單選題

Mr.Chenoften（

）hisspeech.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tumbles

B.stumbles

C.rumbles

D.fumbles

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)tumble“摔倒”；B選項(xiàng)stumble“躊躇”；C選項(xiàng)rumble“隆隆作響”；D選項(xiàng)fumble“笨手笨腳地做；笨嘴拙舌地說話”。句意：陳先生經(jīng)常在演講的時(shí)候笨嘴拙舌地說話。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

18.單選題

Tomwasahighly（）teacherwhotookhisdutiesseriouslybuthehadneitherthepersonalitynorabilitytoachievemuchsuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conscientious

B.efficient

C.capable

D.talented

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conscientious“認(rèn)真的，盡責(zé)的”；B選項(xiàng)efficient“有效率的”；C選項(xiàng)capable“有能力的”；D選項(xiàng)talented“有才能的”。分析句子可知，who后面引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾teacher，根填空處也應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞來修飾teacher，由此可知，填空處單詞應(yīng)與定語從句表達(dá)的意思相近，tookhisdutiesseriously指的是“盡職盡責(zé)的”，選項(xiàng)A與之意思最接近，所以正確。

19.翻譯題

II.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishonyourANSWERSHEET.(10%)

中國堅(jiān)持走低消耗、低排放、高效益、高產(chǎn)出的新型工業(yè)化道路，是國際社會(huì)加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)、應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化、實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展努力的重要組成部分。我們期待得到包括東亞國家在內(nèi)的國際社會(huì)的大力支持。中國將本著“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則，承擔(dān)應(yīng)有的國際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

【答案】Chinaisstrivingtoembarkonanewpathtoindustrializationthatfeatureslowconsumptionofresources,lowemissions,highefficiencyandhighoutput,andthisisanintegralpartofinternationaleffortstoprotecttheenvironment,addressclimatechangeandachievesustainabledevelopment.Welookforwardtothestrongsupportforoureffortsfromtheinternationalcommunity,particularlyourEastAsianneighbors.Chinawillshoulderitsdueinternationalresponsibilitiesandobligationsinaccordancewiththeprincipleofcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities.

20.單選題

Letusbeginwithtwovignettes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slogans

B.maxims

C.caveats

D.sketches

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.slogans口號(hào)B.maxims格言；箴言

C.caveats警告；告誡D.sketches幽默短劇，小品；素描

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】vignette是表示“人物特征、局勢(shì)等的簡介；（表演）小品”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】讓我們從兩個(gè)小品開始。

21.單選題

Atthepartywefoundthatshygirl（）hermotherallthetime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dependingon

B.adheringto

C.clingingto

D.coincidingwith

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。在聚會(huì)上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)害羞的女孩一直（）她的媽媽。

dependingon依賴；adheringto黏附；clingingto（緊緊）黏著；coincidingwith符合，一致。按理說，B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)都有“黏著”的意思，符合句意。C項(xiàng)暗含了“緊緊地”這一層意思。因此，C項(xiàng)正確。

22.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET.

當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入數(shù)碼物件的電子時(shí)代時(shí)，最重要的是要意識(shí)到新技術(shù)已經(jīng)給我們這個(gè)社會(huì)帶來了很多挑戰(zhàn)，其中之一就是如何在這個(gè)電子時(shí)代保存好歷史檔案記錄。更重要的是我們要知道，我們正在步入這樣一個(gè)時(shí)代：即我們今天所熟知的很多東西以及用電子方式編碼和寫入的很多東西將會(huì)永久丟失。其中一個(gè)例子就是遍布世界各地政府和大學(xué)的很多數(shù)據(jù)集由于技術(shù)的變化而被淘汰了，而且這些數(shù)據(jù)將來要么丟失，要么需要采取髙昂的“營救”措施來挽救它們。在我看來，我們正生活在一個(gè)數(shù)碼黑暗時(shí)代。因此，圖書和檔案管理員肩挑的責(zé)任就是要恪守我們這個(gè)時(shí)代崇尚歷史和出版遺產(chǎn)的傳統(tǒng)。

【答案】Asweentertheelectronicageofdigitalobjects,themostsignificantthingistorecognizethatnewtechnologieshavebroughtmanychallengestooursociety.Oneofthemishowtopreservehistoricalrecordsinthiselectronicage.Moreimportantly,wearemovingintoanerainwhichmuchofwhatweknowtoday,andmuchofwhatisencodedandwrittenelectronically,willbelostforever.Oneexampleisthatmanydatasetsfromgovernmentsanduniversitiesaroundtheworldareobsoletedduetochangesintechnology,andthatdatawilleitherbelostinthefutureorwillrequirecostly“rescue”measurestosaveit.Inmyopinion,wearelivinginadigitaldarkage.Therefore,theresponsibilityoflibrariansandarchivistsistoscrupulouslyabidebythehistoricalandpublishingheritageweupholdinourtime.

23.單選題

Writingisaslowprocess,requiring（

）thought,time,andeffort.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.significant

B.enormous

C.considerable

D.numerous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:寫作是一個(gè)緩慢的過程，需要進(jìn)行大的思考，耗費(fèi)大量的吋間并付出巨大努力。

考查形容詞辨析。significant有重大意義的，顯著的；enormous巨大的，龐大的：considerable相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的；numerous眾多的，許多的,—般用來修飾可數(shù)名詞。故選C。

24.單選題

A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat_____girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enrolling

B.assigning

C.involving

D.consenting

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。enroll“登記，注冊(cè)”；assign“分配，指派”；involve“涉及”；consent“允許，贊成”。句意：1994年世界銀行的報(bào)告總結(jié)道，學(xué)校注冊(cè)招收女孩可能在現(xiàn)今的發(fā)展中國家中是對(duì)抗貧困最有效的政策。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

25.單選題

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】identify確定，鑒定，識(shí)別；guarantee保證，擔(dān)保；notify通告，通知，公布；convey傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸。句意：盡管可能導(dǎo)致癌癥的某些條件已經(jīng)確定，但基本原因還是未知數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

26.單選題

AnOlympicMarathonis26milesand385yards,approximately（

）fromMarathontoAthens.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedistance

B.distance

C.thedistanceis

D.isthedistance

【答案】A

【解析】句意:奧林匹克馬拉松賽長26英里385碼，該段距離大致是從馬拉松到雅典的距離。

語法題?？疾橥徽Z。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知“approximatelyfromMarathontoAthens.”是對(duì)前一句的“26milesand385yards”距離進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明;故這里填寫的詞應(yīng)該是這個(gè)距離的同位語,因此A項(xiàng)“thedistance”正確。

27.單選題

Scarcely______themselvesintheirscatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainwentup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havetheysettled

B.didtheysettle

C.hadtheysettled

D.dotheysettle

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝句和時(shí)態(tài)。Scarcely…when…表示“一……就……”，當(dāng)scarcely放于句首的時(shí)候，句子需要倒裝。因?yàn)楹竺鏋檫^去式，空格處的意思是在升起帷幕之前，人們沒有就座，應(yīng)為過去完成時(shí)，只有C項(xiàng)符合。句意：在劇院，他們一就座帷幕就升起來了。故正確答案為C。

28.單選題

Itisreportedthatthirtypeoplewerekilledina（）ontherailwayyesterday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.collision

B.collaboration

C.corrosion

D.confrontation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)collision“碰撞，沖突”，B項(xiàng)collaboration“合作”，C項(xiàng)corrosion“腐蝕”，D項(xiàng)confrontation“對(duì)抗，面對(duì)”。把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入句子中，可知只有collision符合。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，昨天有30人在鐵路相撞中喪生。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

29.單選題

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(an)（）ofwordswhicharecomparativelyseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：英語中的單詞，在曰常談話中幾乎用不到。altitude高度、海拔；latitude緯度；multitude多數(shù)；attitude態(tài)度。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

30.單選題

Theseeffectsresultinnutrientimbalancesinplants,______reducingplantgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consecutively

B.subsequently

C.consequently

D.consistently

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)consecutively“連續(xù)地”，B項(xiàng)subsequently“隨后，其后”，C項(xiàng)consequently“因此，結(jié)果”，D項(xiàng)consistently“一貫地”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞nutrientimbalancesinplants（植物的營養(yǎng)失衡）和reducingplantgrowth（減少了植物的生長）可知，前后是因果關(guān)系，所以C項(xiàng)符合。句意：這些影響導(dǎo)致植物營養(yǎng)失衡，從而降低植物生長。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

31.翻譯題

1.東風(fēng)隨春歸，發(fā)我枝上花。

2.只要堅(jiān)持，夢(mèng)想總是可以實(shí)