考研考博-英語-七臺(tái)河職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-七臺(tái)河職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thereseemstobeno（

）thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960’s；indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthasincreasedrecentlybecauseofaspateofpopulartelevisiondocumentaries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slaking

B.reference

C.decoration

D.soporific

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。slaking消散，消化；reference參考，提及；decoration裝飾；soporific催眠劑。句意：閱讀群眾對20世紀(jì)60年代的書籍的渴望并沒有減少；事實(shí)上，由于受一連串的通俗電視紀(jì)錄片的影響，普遍的興趣還增加了。根據(jù)句意及前后關(guān)系可知A項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

Oneofthemostimportantandeffectiveusesoflanguageistheemotional.Itisalso,ofcourse,whollylegitimate.Wedonottalkonlyinordertoreasonortoinform.Wehavetomakeloveandquarrel,topropitiateandpardon,torebuke,toconsole,intercede,andarouse.“Hethatcomplains,”saidJohnson,“actslikeaman,likeasocialbeing.”Therealobjectionliesnotagainstthelanguageofemotionassuch,butagainstlanguagewhich,beinginrealityemotional,masquerades—whetherbyplainhypocrisyorsubtleself-deceit—asbeingsomethingelse.

【答案】語言最重要、最有效的一種用途就是表達(dá)感情。這當(dāng)然也完全是合情合理的。我們說話不止是為了講道理、說事情。我們還要表達(dá)愛情、與人爭吵、勸誡撫慰、寬恕原諒、調(diào)解、激發(fā)他人。約翰遜說過：“會(huì)抱怨的人行動(dòng)起來才像一個(gè)人，才像一個(gè)社會(huì)的人。”我們真正要反對的并不是這種表達(dá)感情的語言，而是那種實(shí)質(zhì)是表達(dá)感情，但卻通過十足的虛偽或者是巧妙的自欺，偽裝成別的東西的語言。

3.單選題

Tryingmilitarywrongdoersmayannoythearmedforces,and（

）afreshconflict.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.proliferate

B.provoke

C.nurture

D.proclaim

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。proliferate意為“激增，猛增”；provoke意為“激起，挑起”；nurture意為“養(yǎng)育”；proclaim意為“宣告，公布”。

句意：嘗試軍事犯罪的不法分子可能會(huì)打亂軍事力量，從而激起新的矛盾。

4.單選題

Itis（

）thattheInternetisexertingagrowingimportantinfluenceonpeople’slives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indistinctive

B.indissoluble

C.indispensable

D.indisputable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近形容詞詞義辨析。indistinctive“無特色的，不顯著的”；indissoluble“不能分解的，不能溶解的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；indisputable“明白的，無可爭議的”。根據(jù)句意“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對人們的生活起到了越來越重要的影響”，這個(gè)事實(shí)是無可爭議的，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Exactlyhowmanypeopleexperiencestress-relatedeatingisn'tknown,butastheobesity_______worsens,there'sgrowingscientificinterestinthetopic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peregrination

B.origination

C.epidemic

D.fragrance

【答案】C

【解析】peregrination游歷,旅行;origination起源;epidemic（風(fēng)尚等的）流行,傳染病;fragrance芬芳,香氣。句意：到底有多少人經(jīng)歷過在壓力下進(jìn)食還不清楚,但是隨著肥胖的流行越來越嚴(yán)重,人們對這個(gè)話題的科學(xué)興趣也越來越大。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

Asateenager,Iwas（）byablindpassionforaslimstarIwouldnevermeetinmylife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pursued

B.seduced

C.consumed

D.guaranteed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pursue“追求”；seduce“引誘”；consume“消費(fèi)；使……著迷”；guarantee“擔(dān)保”。句意：作為一個(gè)年輕人，我癡迷于這位在生命中從未見過的苗條的明星。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Lastyear,Mattearned（）hisbrother,whohasabetterposition.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.twiceasmuchas

B.twiceasmanyas

C.twicemoreas

D.twiceasmoreas

【答案】A

【解析】考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)。1.倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as+其它。這種結(jié)構(gòu)又常演變成下列兩類：①倍數(shù)+as+many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as；②倍數(shù)+as+much+不可數(shù)名詞+as。如:ThereareseventimesasmanypeopleasIexpected.（是我預(yù)料的人數(shù)的七倍。），Thereisfivetimesasmuchcoffeeinthisglassasinthatone.（這個(gè)杯子里的咖啡是那個(gè)杯子里的五倍。），這個(gè)句子前半句說馬特賺得比他哥哥多，肯定是錢money賺得多，而money是不可數(shù)，所以不能用many，排除B選項(xiàng)。沒有C，D選項(xiàng)的用法。句意：去年馬特比他哥哥賺得多兩倍，而他哥哥的職位比他高。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Afterhisrecoveryfromillness,heisdeterminedto（

）hathehadbeendoingtoattainthegoal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assume

B.consume

C.presume

D.resume

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)assume“承擔(dān)”；B選項(xiàng)consume“消耗，揮霍”；C選項(xiàng)presume“假定，推測”；D選項(xiàng)resume“（中斷后）重新開始，繼續(xù)”。

句意：他病好后，決心繼續(xù)為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)而努力。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

9.單選題

Weather（）,wewouldliketohaveapicnictogetherbythemeadow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.permits

B.permitted

C.permit

D.permitting

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。前后部分主語分別是Weather和we，不一致，因此是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作條件狀語。weather和permit這個(gè)動(dòng)作之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“天氣允許的話”，相當(dāng)于Ifweatherpermits。句意：如果天氣允許的話，我們明天去野餐。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Weare___facedwiththenecessitytorecognizethathavingmorepeopleimpliesalowerstandardofliving.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.readily

B.smoothly

C.inevitably

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)readily“容易地；樂意地；無困難地”；B選項(xiàng)smoothly“平穩(wěn)地；平滑地；順利地；流暢地；平靜地；均勻地”；C選項(xiàng)inevitably“不可避免地；必然地”；D選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地；緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”。句意：我們___要認(rèn)識(shí)到有更多的人就意味著更低的生活水平。本句表達(dá)“不可避免地認(rèn)識(shí)到”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Lastweek29earnestAmericanhighschoolstudentswereinvitedtoaneveningofreceivinggoodwords,smalltalk,warmtoastsandfancysilverware.

“Findoutsomethingaboutthepersonsittingnexttoyou,”advisedformalUSsecretaryofStateMadeleineAlbright.“Eventually,you'lldiscovertheyalwayshavesomethinginterestingtosay.Andyoushouldalwaysusethepropersilverwareintheproperorder.”

AlbrightwastheguestofhonorattheimitatedOfficialdinner,whichwasalotlikearealofficialdinnerinWashingtonminusthesoftmoney.TheeveningwassponsoredbytheSt.AlbansSchoolofPublicServicestointroduceitsfirstclasstothefineartofsocialsurvival.Morethan84guests,includingstudents,teachers,schooldonorsandspeakersgatheredtoimitatethelifestyleoftherichandthepolitical.

Theideawastoteachthesocialgracesthatwillhelpstudentssurviveanysocialsituation.Anyway,thewholeproperforkthingisoverrated.FormalwhitehouseofficialC.BoydenGrayshareditstoptipsforsurvivingdinnerparties:“Drinkaslittleaspossibleuntilyougettodinner.“Don’tbethefirstpersonthereorthelastpersontoleave.”“Trytogetmoreoutofyourdinnerpartnersthantheygetoutofyou.”

EveryOfficialDinnerhasagreaterreasonforbeing.Statedinners,forexample,areeitheranopportunitytorewardemergingdemocraciesorstrengthenoldfriendships.

TheofficialdinnerwasintendedtoshowthestudentsaneleganteveninginWashington—partofthefour-weekintensivesummerprogramtoencouragepublicservice.Thestudentsarefrom13statesandtwoforeigncountries.

Theprogramincludesclassesonthepresidency,thecourts,themediaandinteractionalaffairs.Thestudentsalsodebatedpublicpolicyissues.“They’restillatitat10o’clockatnight”saiddirectorMaryWaikato.“That’sgoodpracticeforWashington,isn'tit?”

Sincetherewasnoband,Albrightofferedherselfupasthenight’sentertainer.Nosinging,butstoriesaboutherlifeindiplomacy.“Beingsecretaryofstateisthebestjobintheworld,”shesaid,“betterthanbeingpresident,becauseyoudon’thavetodealwiththeelections.”

1.Lastweekagroupofhighschoolstudentswereinvitedtothedinnerparty

（

）.

2.AccordingtoMadeleineAlbright,atanofficialdinner

（

）.

3.TheimitatedOfficialDinnerisdifferentfromtherealonesinthatthedinner（

）.

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toseethelifestyleoftherichandpolitical

B.todiscussinternationalandpublicpolicyissues

C.tolearntosurviveindifferentsocialsituations

D.tolearntobecomethefutureleadersoftheWhiteHouse

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldgetmoreinformationaboutthehost

B.weshouldbesociablebytalkingwithothers

C.tablemannersarenotasimportantasconversing

D.weshouldlearntoentertainothersbytellingastory

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.couldnotgetthefinancialsupportaseasilyastherealones

B.washeldwithouttheparticipationofimportantpersons

C.didn'thaveasmanyguestsastherealones

D.hadnothingtodowithpoliticalandinternationalissues

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearesignificantdifferencesbetweentheOfficialDinnerandOtherdinnerparties

B.Americanstudentsliketoparticipateinpublicservicesverymuch

C.beingasecretaryofstateisthebest,evenbetterthanbeingapresident

D.thestudentswhowereinvitedtothedinnerpartywereenthusiasticabouttheprogram

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Theideawastoteachthesocialgracesthatwillhelpstudentssurviveanysocialsituation.（這個(gè)想法是為了教學(xué)生社交禮儀，以幫助學(xué)生應(yīng)對任何社交情形）可知選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段描寫的是MadeleineAlbright給的建議：由Findoutsomethingaboutthepersonsittingnexttoyou（找出坐在你旁邊的那個(gè)人的一些情況）可知與A選項(xiàng)不符；由Andyoushouldalwaysusethepropersilverwareintheproperorder（而且你應(yīng)該正確地使用你的餐具）可知與C選項(xiàng)不符；D選項(xiàng)原文沒有提及；由Eventually,you'lldiscovertheyalwayshavesomethinginterestingtosay（最終，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們總是有一些有趣的話要說）可知選B，在正式晚宴上我們應(yīng)該善于與人交談。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中AlbrightwastheguestofhonorattheimitatedOfficialdinner,whichwasalotlikearealofficialdinnerinWashingtonminusthesoftmoney.（Albright是這場模仿正式宴會(huì)的貴賓，這種模仿宴會(huì)與華盛頓的正式宴會(huì)很相似，但不包括軟錢）可知這場模仿宴會(huì)與正式宴會(huì)的區(qū)別在于錢方面，因此選A。softmoney（軟錢）指在規(guī)則和聯(lián)邦選舉競選法之外籌集的政治資金，它一直是競選資金改革支持者的主要目標(biāo)。

4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，可推測出參加此次模仿宴會(huì)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該是對這個(gè)項(xiàng)目很熱衷的。

12.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】（1）當(dāng)你設(shè)法弄清消費(fèi)信息技術(shù)將向何處發(fā)展以及這對社會(huì)意味著什么時(shí)，要記住這個(gè)重要的核心事實(shí)：人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

（2）就像其他每個(gè)消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品公司做的那樣，索尼公司在最近的消費(fèi)類電子產(chǎn)品展會(huì)上推出大量產(chǎn)品，這些產(chǎn)品是用來把網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻放到電視上。在同時(shí)舉行的麥客世界展會(huì)上，蘋果公司總栽史蒂夫?喬布斯推出具有同樣功能的蘋果電視。

（3）從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在，基本而明顯的事實(shí)是處理器的功能不斷提高和帶寬的不斷增大，而預(yù)言家們已經(jīng)自信地預(yù)測了這一天。正如他們自信地預(yù)言它的含義：傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目會(huì)被替代。

（4）實(shí)際情況卻正好相反。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代有其他多種選擇，我們美國人如今看的無聊電視卻比以往任何時(shí)候都多，這就說明了問題。

（5）關(guān)于電視，沒有人比著名的《紐約人》雜志評論家E.B.懷特的評價(jià)更恰當(dāng)。他在1938年寫道：“我們的好壞將取決于電視,這一點(diǎn)我敢肯定。”

13.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

“Nomanisanisland,”wrotethepoetJohnDonneseveralcenturiesago.Hewasacknowledgingoneofourmost(1)characteristics:thefactthatwearesocialanimalswhosebehaviorandpersonalitiesare(2)bythegroupstowhichwebelong.

Throughoutlife,mostofourdailyactivities(3)inthecompanyofothers.Whetherourpurposeisworking,playing,raisingafamily,learning,orsimplyrelaxing.Weusually(4)itingroupsevenifthegroupisassmallastwoorthreepeople.Ourneedforhumancontactsisnotmerelyapracticalone;itisadeeppsychologicalneedaswell.Ifpeopleare(5)ofthecompanyofothersfor(6)periods,mentalbreakdownistheusualresult.EventheGenevaConvention,aninternationalagreementthat(7)thetreatmentofprisonersofwar,recognizesthisneed.Itregards(8)imprisonmentformorethanthirtydaysasacruelformoftorture.

Initsstrictestsense,agroupisacollectionofpeople(9)togetherinanorderlywayonthebasisofsharedexpectationaboutoneanother’sbehavior.Asaresultofthisinteraction,membersfeelacommonsenseof“belonging.”They(10)membersfrommembersandexpectcertainkindsofbehaviorfromoutsiders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.odd

B.distinctive

C.explicit

D.obvious

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.shaped

B.distinguished

C.identified

D.justified

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.designed

B.undertaked

C.assigned

D.performed

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.reach

B.complete

C.pursue

D.accomplish

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.deprived

C.relieved

D.informed

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.continuous

B.noticeable

C.dramatic

D.prolonged

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.regulates

B.prescribes

C.rectifies

D.demonstrates

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.harsh

B.severe

C.solitary

D.remote

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.living

B.interacting

C.communicating

D.putting

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.distinguish

B.isolate

C.separate

D.recognize

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】第1題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)odd“奇怪的”，B項(xiàng)distinctive“獨(dú)特的，有特色的；與眾不同的”，C項(xiàng)explicit“直率的，清楚的，明確的”，D項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的，顯而易見的”，文中是說John是一個(gè)什么樣的人，根據(jù)后文他闡述了人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物，我們的行為和個(gè)性受我們所屬的群體影響，因此可以看出他對人類是有做出貢獻(xiàn)的，因此答案為B，“mostdistinctivecharacteristics”最杰出的人。

第2題:本題考查了詞組的含義。A項(xiàng)beshapedby“受……影響”，B項(xiàng)bedistinguishedby“以……為特征”，C項(xiàng)beidentifiedby“被識(shí)別，被確定”，D項(xiàng)bejustifiedby“以……為依據(jù)”，根據(jù)上文的人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物以及常識(shí)可以得出，這一空表達(dá)的是人類的行為是受他所屬的群體所影響，其余選項(xiàng)代入不符合文意，答案為A。

第3題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)designed“設(shè)計(jì)”，B項(xiàng)undertake“承擔(dān)，保證”，C項(xiàng)assigned“分配”，D項(xiàng)performed“進(jìn)行，表演”，根據(jù)句意我們可知，本句意思應(yīng)當(dāng)為：在我們的一生中，我們大部分的日?；顒?dòng)都是在他人的陪伴下進(jìn)行的，其余答案都太過牽強(qiáng)，答案為D。

第4題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)reach“達(dá)到”，B項(xiàng)complete“完成，達(dá)成”，C項(xiàng)pursue“追求，從事”，一般指對人生價(jià)值和目標(biāo)的追求，D項(xiàng)accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”，題干的含義就是我們通常都是在一個(gè)組別里進(jìn)行我們的所有活動(dòng)，哪怕我們的小組只有兩三個(gè)人，因此答案為C。

第5題:本題考查了考生對于詞語含義的掌握。A項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān)，關(guān)心”，B項(xiàng)deprived“喪失，剝奪”，C項(xiàng)relived“減輕，消除”，D項(xiàng)informed“知道，使了解”，根據(jù)上文我們可以看出，本文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人不能獨(dú)自生活著，沒有人是一座孤島，我們都在社群中進(jìn)行我們的活動(dòng)，因此，本句話的句意為如果人們長時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，答案為B。

第6題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)continuous“持續(xù)的”，B項(xiàng)noticeable“顯而易見的，顯著的”，C項(xiàng)dramtic“巨大的，急劇的，引人注目的”，D項(xiàng)prolonged“持續(xù)很久的，長時(shí)間的”，句子的意思應(yīng)該是如果人們長時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，因?yàn)槠渌倪x項(xiàng)代入都不通順且不合常理，因此答案為D。

第7題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)regulates“調(diào)節(jié)，規(guī)定”，B項(xiàng)prescribes“開處方，規(guī)定”，C項(xiàng)rectifies“改正”，D項(xiàng)demonsrates“證明，展示，論證”，從句意我們不難看出文章想表達(dá)的是，《日內(nèi)瓦公約》也規(guī)定承認(rèn)這一需要，A、B從句意來看都對，但是B項(xiàng)的規(guī)定沒有A項(xiàng)那么正式，因此答案為A更符合用語習(xí)慣。

第8題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)酷的，刺耳的”，B項(xiàng)severe“嚴(yán)峻的，嚴(yán)厲的，劇烈的”，C項(xiàng)solitary“孤獨(dú)的，隱居的”，D項(xiàng)remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的”，結(jié)合上下文，前文是在講如果人們長時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴，通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰，因此這一空按照邏輯也應(yīng)該與上文相匹配，因此答案為C，整個(gè)句子的意思是“它認(rèn)為30天以上的單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁是一種殘忍的酷刑”。

第9題:本題考查上下文的掌握和詞義。A項(xiàng)living“生活，居住”，B項(xiàng)interacting“互相影響，相互作用”，C項(xiàng)communicating“交流”，D項(xiàng)putting“放置”，這一空的解題關(guān)鍵在后文，下一句中講到，“Asaresultofthisinteraction”，這一句話中的interaction提示了我們前一空的答案與之相呼應(yīng)的是B項(xiàng)，意為：從最嚴(yán)格的意義上說，群體就是一群人的集合，他們按井然有序的方式在一起互動(dòng)，并對彼此的行為抱有共同的期望。

第10題:本題考查的是詞義的辨析。A項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)分，辨別”，B項(xiàng)isolate“隔離，孤立”，C項(xiàng)separate“分離，使分開”，D項(xiàng)recognize“分診，認(rèn)得”，本題考查詞義，從整個(gè)句子來看，我們不難猜測出，這一句的意思應(yīng)該是：他們把成員和非成員區(qū)分開來，因此答案為A，distinguishfrom“區(qū)分，辨別”。

14.翻譯題

Throughouthistorynewtechnologieshaverevolutionizedwarfare,sometimesabruptly,sometimesonlygradually:thinkofgunpowder,aircraft,radarandnuclearfission.Soithasbeenwithinforma-tiontechnology.ComputersandtheinternethavetransformedeconomiesandgivenWesternarmiesgreatadvantages,suchastheabilitytosendremotelypilotedaircraftacrosstheworldtogatherintelli-genceandattacktargets.(1).Butthespreadofdigitaltechnologycomesatacost:itexposesarmiesandsocietiestodigitalattack.Somescenarios(電影)imaginethealmostinstantaneousfailureofthesystemsthatkeepthe

modern

worldturning.Ascomputernetworkscollapse,factoriesandchemicalplantsexplode,satellitesspinoutofcontrolandthefinancialandpowergridsfail.Cyberspacehasbecomethefifthdomainofwarfare,afterland,sea,airandspace.

ThecyberattacksonEstoniain2007andonGeorgiain2008(thelatterstrangelyhappenedtocoincidewiththeadvanceofRussiantroopsacrosstheCaucasus)arewidelyassumedtohavebeendi-rectedbytheKremlin(克里姆林宮),buttheycouldbetracedonlytoRussiancyber-criminals.ManyofthecomputersusedintheattackbelongedtoinnocentAmericanswhosePCshadbeenhi-jacked.CompaniessuspectChinaoforganizingmini-raidstoransackWesternknow-how:butitcouldjusthaveeasilybeenWesterncriminals,computer-hackersshowingoffordisillusionedformeremploy-ees.(2).OnereasonwhyWesterngovernmentshaveuntilrecentlybeenreticentaboutcyber-espio-nage（間諜）issurelybecausetheyaredabhandsatit,too.

Cyber-weaponsarebeingdevelopedsecretly,withoutdiscussionofhowandwhentheymightbeused.（3）.Ifcyberarms-controlistoAmerica’sadvantage，itwouldbewisetoshadesuchaccords（協(xié)議）whileitstillhastheupperhandincyberspace.Inthemeantime，however,countriesshouldagreeonmodestaccords,orevenjustinformal“rulesoftheroad”thatwouldraisethepoliticalcostofcy-ber-attacks.Perhapstherecouldbeadealtopreventthecrude“denial-of-service”assaultsthatbroughtdownEstonianandGeorgianwebsiteswithamassofbogus（偽造的）requestsforinforma-tion；NATOandtheEuropeanUnioncouldmakeitclearthatattacksincyberspace,asintherealworld,willprovokearesponse:theUNorsignatoriesoftheGenevaConventionscoulddeclarethatcyber-attacksoncivilianfacilitiesare,likephysicalattackswithbombandbullet,outofboundsinwar；richcountriescouldexerteconomicpressureonstatesthatdonotadoptmeasurestofightonlinecriminals.Countriesshouldbeencouragedtospellouttheirmilitarypoliciesincyberspace,asAmeri-cadoesfornuclearweapons,missiledefenseandspace.（4）.Andtherecouldbeaninternationalcen-tretomonitorcyber-attacks,oraninternationaldutytoassistcountriesundercyber-attacks,regard-lessofthenationalityormotiveoftheattacker—akintothedutyofshipstohelpmariners（水手）indistress.

Theinternetisnota“commons”,butanetworkofnetworksthataremostlyprivatelyowned.Alotcouldalsobeachievedbygreaterco-operationbetweengovernmentsandtheprivatesector.（5）Butintheendmoreoftheburdenforensuringthatordinarypeople’scomputersystemsarenotco-optedbycriminalsorcyber-warriorswillendupwiththelatter—especiallytheinternet-serviceprovidersthatrunthenetwork.Theycouldtakemoreresponsibilityforidentifyinginfectedcomputersandspottingattacksastheyhappen.

【答案】1.但是數(shù)字技術(shù)的傳播是有代價(jià)的：它使軍隊(duì)和社會(huì)面臨數(shù)字攻擊。一些電影想象出了維持現(xiàn)代社會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的各個(gè)系統(tǒng)幾乎瞬時(shí)崩潰的場景。

2.西方政府直到最近都對網(wǎng)絡(luò)間諜活動(dòng)保持沉默，原因之一是他們自己也是內(nèi)行。

3.如果網(wǎng)絡(luò)軍備控制對美國有利，那么在它在網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間仍占上風(fēng)時(shí)指定這樣的協(xié)議是明智的。

4.還應(yīng)建立國際中心以監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊，或者承擔(dān)救援遭遇網(wǎng)絡(luò)襲擊的國家的國際責(zé)任，不管攻擊者的國籍或動(dòng)機(jī)如何，就像船舶有援助遇險(xiǎn)的水手的責(zé)任一樣。

5.

但最終，確保普通人的電腦系統(tǒng)不被犯罪分子和網(wǎng)絡(luò)戰(zhàn)士占為己有的重任將更多地落到后者身上——尤其是運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)的提供商。

15.單選題

Salasisoneof13,000KingCountyemployeeswhowillbeaskedtoconfidentially_______whetherthey'reoverweight,smokeorengageinotherhealth-relatedvices.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dement

B.divulge

C.retaliate

D.disservice

【答案】B

【解析】dement使發(fā)狂;divulge泄露,暴露;retaliate報(bào)復(fù);disservice傷害,虐待。句意：薩拉斯是國王郡1.3萬名雇員之一,他們將被要求私下透露自己是否超重、是否吸煙或是否有其他與健康有關(guān)的惡習(xí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Ifyouwanttogetintothattunnel,youfirsthaveto______awayalltherocks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haul

B.transfer

C.repel

D.dispose

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)haul“（用力）拖，拉；費(fèi)力前進(jìn)；強(qiáng)迫（某人）接受申斥；（用卡車）運(yùn)；（帆船）突然改變航道”；B選項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓；轉(zhuǎn)接；移交；轉(zhuǎn)移（地方）；（使）換乘；轉(zhuǎn)存，轉(zhuǎn)錄；調(diào)動(dòng)（工作）；傳染，傳播；使（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）轉(zhuǎn)隊(duì)；把（錢）轉(zhuǎn)到另一賬戶，機(jī)構(gòu)上”；C選項(xiàng)repel“擊退；抵制；使厭惡；使不愉快”；D選項(xiàng)dispose“處理；安排；決定；擊??；殺死”。haulaway“搬運(yùn)開；拖走；駛開；拽開”句意：如果你想進(jìn)入隧道，你首先得把所有的巖石都拖走。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Theschoolauthority（

）professorWatsonthathewouldgetonemillionin5years.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ensured

B.assured

C.insured

D.sured

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensure“確保，保證”；B選項(xiàng)assured“使確信；弄清”；C選項(xiàng)insure“確保，保證；給……保險(xiǎn)”；沒有sured這個(gè)詞。缺謂語動(dòng)詞，由主語Theschoolauthority“學(xué)校當(dāng)局”和professorWatson和thathewouldgetonemillionin5years的關(guān)系可知assured“使（某人）確信（某事）”符合題意，句意為：校方向沃森教授保證，他將在5年內(nèi)獲得100萬。故答案選B。

18.單選題

Thisbookisthe（

）ofsome20yearsofscientificresearch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.participation

B.tolerance

C.alliance

D.outcome

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)participation“參與；分享；參股”；B選項(xiàng)tolerance“公差；寬容；容忍”；C選項(xiàng)alliance“聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)姻”；D選項(xiàng)outcome“結(jié)果；成果”。句意：這本書是20多年科學(xué)研究的……。由句意和選項(xiàng)分析可知，書只能是研究“成果”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Alargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold,thenormalretirementage.

Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theydonothaveanymotivation,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.

Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.

Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.

First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,businessesandindustrieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoorwhoarequalifiedtolookforjobsmayfindemployment.Thentheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.

Second,ifsocietyinvestsinthepoor,thepoorwillbecomemoreproductive.Ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,education,andtrainingforpoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskillstooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.

Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.In1975over18millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesreceivedwelfare.

Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.

1.Theauthor'smainpurposetowritethisarticleis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Morethan40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Thisismainlybecause（）.

4.MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause（）.

5.Wemayconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.todefine(下定義)whatthepovertylineis

B.toexplainwhysomepeoplelivethepovertyline

C.tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpoverty

D.toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TenpercentoftheAmericansliveapoorlife.

B.Poorpeoplearethosewholivebelowthepovertyline.

C.Thepovertylinerisesasthegeneralstandardoflivingrises.

D.Thepovertylinetendstobeatthesamelevel.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveenoughmotivation

B.theyaresoyoungthattheydon’thavetherighttowork

C.theyfailtogetenougheducation

D.theyareverypoorinhealth

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveanymotivationtowork

B.theyarenotveryself-confident

C.theyaretooyoungortoooldtowork

D.theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemarenotyetfound

B.welfarewillenablethemtoberich

C.poorpeoplearesuretogooutofthepovertylineiftheyhavechancestodobusiness

D.employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。原文首段最后一句和尾段的首句均有提及“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們正在尋找更好的解決貧困問題的辦法”，由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是為了尋找解決貧困問題的方法。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.隨著這個(gè)國家的總體生活水平提高，貧困線也在提高。因此，即使在今天生活水平相對較高的情況下，仍有大約10%的美國人生活在貧困線以下。”可知，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C符合原文；再根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.收入低于貧困線的人被認(rèn)為是窮人?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B符合原文；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有信息提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段的前半部分提及“一方面，美國一半以上的窮人沒有資格工作。40%以上的窮人是兒童。根據(jù)法律規(guī)定，不滿16歲的兒童在許多行業(yè)都不能工作?！庇纱丝芍?，最主要的原因是這些兒童太小，沒有工作的權(quán)利，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，美國大部分的窮人都沒有工作，是因?yàn)檫@些人不是老人就是小孩，沒有工作的能力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容“Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家正在尋找更好的解決貧困問題的辦法。然而，目前許多人依靠福利來維持最低限度的可接受的生活水平?！庇纱丝芍?，貧困問題并沒有找到更好的解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

20.單選題

ThePsychologyofWarrantiesProtectionRacket

Ifextendedguaranteesareoverpriced,whyaretheysopopular?

CUSTOMERStendtoagoniseovertherelativemeritsofdifferentmodelsofelectronicgoodssuchasdigitalcamerasorplasmatelevisions.Butwhentheygettothetill,manyspendfreelyonsomethingtheybarelythinkaboutatall:anextendedwarranty,whichisoftenmoreprofitabletotheretailerthanthedeviceitcovers.

Shopperstypicallypay10%-50%ofthecostofaproducttoinsureitbeyondthetermcoveredbythemanufacturer’sguarantee.（1）Yetproductsrarelybreakwithintheperiodcovered,andrepairstendtocostnomorethanthewarrantyitself.（2）

Sowhy,asksapaperpublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofConsumerResearch,somanyconsumersstillbuyextendedwarranties?Theauthors—TaoChenoftheUniversityofMaryland,AjayKalraofRiceUniversityandBaohongSunofCarnegieMellonUniversity—examinedpurchasedatafromabigelectronicsretailerforover600householdsfromNovember2003toOctober2004.

（3

）Ifacustomerisabouttobuysomethingfun(i.e.,aplasmatelevisionratherthanavacuumcleaner),hewillbemoreinclinedtosplashoutonextrainsurance.Thisisbecauseconsumersvalue“hedonic”itemsoverutilitarianones