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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題
BetweenFrenchfriends,whohavechoseneachotherforcongenialityoftheirpointofview,livelydisagreementandsharpnessofargumentsarethebreathoflife.
問題1選項
A.coexistence
B.coincidence
C.correlation
D.compatibility
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。congeniality表示“同性質(zhì);適意”。A項coexistence“共存”,B項coincidence“巧合,一致”,C項correlation“相關(guān),關(guān)聯(lián)”,D項compatibility“兼容”。句意:對于因為觀點一致而選擇對方成為朋友的法國人來說,活躍的爭論和激烈的論斷是他們生活中不可缺少的東西。根據(jù)句意,該題選D正確。
2.單選題
Superficialdifferencesbetweenthespecialproblemsandtechniquesofthephysicalsciencesandthoseofthebiologicalsciencesaresometimescitedasevidenceforthe()ofbiologyandfortheclaimthatthemethodsofphysicsarethereforenotadequatetobiologicalinquiry.
問題1選項
A.autonomy
B.vitality
C.purposefulness
D.obsolescence
【答案】A
【解析】名詞辨析。句意:自然科學(xué)和生物科學(xué)的特殊問題和技術(shù)之間的表面差異有時會被用來證明生物學(xué)的(),并且用來說明自然科學(xué)的方法對生物科學(xué)的探究是不夠的。
autonomy自治,自治權(quán);vitality活力,生氣,生命力;purposefulness目的性;意志堅強;obsolescence退化,荒廢。A選項表示將兩門學(xué)科之間的一些淺顯區(qū)別用于證明生物學(xué)是獨立的,符合題意。
3.單選題
AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis()intothefloorbetweenthem.
問題1選項
A.dejected
B.ejected
C.injected
D.projected
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deject“使……沮喪;使……灰心”;B選項eject“噴射;驅(qū)逐,逐出”;C選項inject“注入;注射”;D選項project“計劃;發(fā)射;放映”。句意:隨著新材料被注入到非洲和南美之間的地板上,它們正在相互遠(yuǎn)離,因此C選項正確。
4.單選題
Fashionmodelingsoundslikeaneasy,glamorousjob,______onlypatient,perseveringgirlscanstandthestrainofit.
問題1選項
A.but
B.and
C.so
D.as
【答案】A
【解析】考查語言邏輯。A項but“但是”表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,B項and“和”表并列,C項so“因此”表因果,D項as“作為,因為”表方式或者原因。前一句話和后一句話存在意義上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)填轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,A項符合題意。句意:時裝模特聽起來像是一份簡單、迷人的工作,但只有有耐心、有毅力的女孩才能承受它的壓力。因此A項正確。
5.單選題
Thetwomostimportant______inmakingacakeareflourandsugar.
問題1選項
A.elements
B.components
C.ingredients
D.constituents
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項element“元素,基礎(chǔ)”,指一個整體中最基本、不可缺少的或固有的成分;B選項component“組成部分,成分”,指一個整體的組成部分;C選項ingredient“成分,(尤指烹飪)原料”;D選項constituent“選民,成分,構(gòu)成要素”指某一整體不可少的部分或成分。根據(jù)flourandsugar可知選C。句意:做蛋糕最重要的兩種原料是面粉和糖。
6.單選題
Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe(
)traffic.
問題1選項
A.meeting
B.facing
C.advancing
D.oncoming
【答案】D
【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項meeting“會面,會合”;B選項facing“面朝的,對面的”;C選項advancing“前進(jìn)的,年長的”;D選項oncoming“接近的,迎面而來的”。句意:為了不使迎面而來的車輛眼花繚亂,你應(yīng)該把燈調(diào)暗。選項D符合語境。
7.單選題
ThechancesofinfectionofBSEor"mad-cowdisease"maybeslight,butthatdoesnotstoppeople_______beefenmasse.
問題1選項
A.shunning
B.ignoring
C.disregarding
D.affronting
【答案】A
【解析】shun避開,避免;ignore不理睬,忽視;disregard漠視;affront公開侮辱,冒犯。句意:感染瘋牛病的概率是很小的,但這并不能阻止人們大量食用牛肉。選項A符合句意。
8.單選題
Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated______insteadofmechanically.
問題1選項
A.artificially
B.automatically
C.manually
D.synthetically
【答案】C
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.artificially人造地,人為地B.automatically自動地,機械地
C.manually手動地D.synthetically綜合地,合成地
【考查點】副詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)insteadof(而不是)可知,空格處和mechanically(機械地)是相對立的,所以要表示“人工的,手動的”,C項符合。
【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。
【句意】這艘船的發(fā)電機壞了,水泵不得不用人工而不是機械操作。
9.單選題
Somepeoplecomplaindoctorsfor
toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.
問題1選項
A.advising
B.delivering
C.ordering
D.prescribing
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。Advise“建議”;deliver“交付;遞送”;order“命令”;prescribe“開藥方”。句意:一些人抱怨醫(yī)生總是給小病開很多藥。選項D符合題意。
10.翻譯題
美國人崇尚公平,即平等待人,不偏不倚。他們相信機會均等,法律面前人人平等,也就是說,不管社會地位和經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況如何,人人都能得到公正。然而,盡管多數(shù)美國人聲稱,他們信奉寬大為懷以及民主的理想,婦女和少數(shù)民族的維權(quán)行動仍然面臨巨大的障礙,雖然在過去的五十年里取得了一些進(jìn)步。
【答案】答:
TheAmericansadmirefair,thatis,equalityandimpartiality.Theybelievedinequalopportunityandequalitybeforethelaw.Thatmeans,regardlessofsocialstatusoreconomicconditions,everyoneshallbefairlytreated.YetdespitetheidealsofleniencyanddemocracythatmostAmericansprofesstoembrace,thewomenandminoritiesstillfacehugeobstaclesintheiractivitiesforprotectingtheirrights.Butsomeprogresshasbeenmadeinthepast50years.
11.單選題
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.
Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.
Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.
CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.
Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.
Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.
21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen’sprogresssofar?
22.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?
23.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?
24.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation’stopoffice?
25.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?
問題1選項
A.Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.
B.Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.
C.Ithasgreatlychangedwomen’sfate.
D.Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.
問題2選項
A.Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.
B.Wherewomen’srightsareprotectedbylaw.
C.Wherewomen’sparticipationinmanagementishigh.
D.Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.
問題3選項
A.Theycareliteaboutpoliticalparticipation.
B.Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.
C.Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.
D.Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.
問題4選項
A.Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen’spoliticalawareness.
B.Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation’swomen.
C.Itenhanceswomen’sstatus.
D.Itboostswomen’sconfidence.
問題5選項
A.Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.
B.Stimulatewomen’screativity.
C.Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.
D.Tapwomen’seconomicpotential.
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】21、【試題答案】A
【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“women’sprogress”可定位到第一段的第一句話“Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields”(21世紀(jì)剛剛過去10年,女性在各個領(lǐng)域都取得了進(jìn)步),然后第一段緊接著介紹了女性取得了哪些進(jìn)步。再根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Butholdtheapplause”(但是別急著鼓掌)可知第二段又講述了在某些國家女性的狀況沒有那么好。所以可以推測本題女性雖然取得了進(jìn)步,但是還不夠,即A選項“還有需要進(jìn)步的地方”;B、C、D選項沒有原文依據(jù),所以排除。因此A選項正確。
22、【試題答案】B
【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干“countrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress”可定位到第四段第一句話“CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化)”(得分最高的國家往往集中在西方,那里性別歧視是違法的以及憲法保護(hù)男女平等權(quán)利),所以B選項“婦女權(quán)利受到法律保護(hù)”說法正確。女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)不完全意味著總體上女性的生活會更好,所以可以排除A、C選項;D選項不符合題意。因此B選項正確。
23、【試題答案】D
【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Newsweekrankings”定位到第三段的第二句話“Newsweekranked165countries”。根據(jù)上下文都是講的排名情況,再由第四段“Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower”可知是對前文的舉例說明,即“Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation”(其他一些排名靠前的國家在政治代表方面的得分相對較低),也就是表明加拿大的女性在政治代表方面的得分較低,因此D選項“她們在政治上的代表不足”符合題意。A、B、C選項與加拿大的情況無關(guān),所以排除。因此D選項正確。
24、【試題答案】B
【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到本文的第四段。根據(jù)上下文可知,引用Anne-MarieGoetz的話是為了說明前面的內(nèi)容,即第四段倒數(shù)第二句話“Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly”(這是否意味著,女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)就意味著總體上女性的生活會更好?不完全是。)因此B選項“它不能保證這個國家的婦女過上更好的生活”說法正確。其余選項在原文中無相關(guān)表述。因此B選項正確。
25、【試題答案】D
【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“HillaryClinton”定位到第六段第二句話,緊接著第三句話為她的觀點即“‘Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,’shesaid…forallpeople”,以上均為maketheworldabetterplace的具體表現(xiàn),但是總結(jié)來說就是D選項“挖掘女性經(jīng)濟(jì)潛力”,且tap為harnessing的近義詞。A、B、C選項不是HillaryClinton的建議,她的建議主要是在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域,所以排除。因此D選項正確。
12.單選題
She’sgotso______tolightmusicthatithasbecomeaconstantcompanionofherlife.
問題1選項
A.usetolisten
B.usedtolisten
C.usedinlistening
D.usedtolistening
【答案】D
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.usetolistenB.usedtolisten
C.usedinlisteningD.usedtolistening
【答案】D
【考查點】固定搭配。
【解題思路】根據(jù)got可知,getusedtodoingsth.是固定搭配,表示“習(xí)慣于”,故該題選擇D項。
【干擾項排除】
B項getusedto中的to是介詞,后面不能直接跟動詞原形;
A、C項不符合固定搭配。
【句意】她已經(jīng)非常習(xí)慣聽輕音樂,輕音樂已經(jīng)成為她生活中永遠(yuǎn)的伴侶。
13.單選題
It’s()intheregulationthatyoucantake20kilosofluggagewithyou.
問題1選項
A.laidupon
B.laidout
C.laidup
D.laiddown
【答案】D
【解析】詞組辨析題。layupon隨…而定,
把重點放在;layout展示,
安排;layup貯存,
擱置,
臥床不起;laydown放下,
制定,
鋪設(shè),
主張。句意:條例規(guī)定您只能攜帶20公斤的行李。選項D符合句意。
14.單選題
Culturelikenonverbalbehaviortendstoelusive,andhasapotentinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.
問題1選項
A.hidden
B.visible
C.difficulttounderstand
D.tangible
【答案】C
【解析】句意:像非語言行為這樣的文化往往是晦澀難懂的,并且在跨文化交際中有著強大的影響。elusive意為“難懂的”。hidden隱藏的;visible看得見的,現(xiàn)有的;difficulttounderstand難以理解;tangible有形的,可觸摸的。選項C最符合原句所表達(dá)的意思。
15.單選題
Whenthejurybroughtina()ofguilt,thedefendantwhowasoverwhelminglyarrogantseveralminutesagodroopedhishead.
問題1選項
A.judgment
B.appraisal
C.verdict
D.conviction
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:judgment“判斷”;B:appraisal“評價”;C:verdict“結(jié)論,裁定”;D:conviction“頂嘴,證明有罪”。句意:陪審團(tuán)拿著判罪裁決書進(jìn)來時,幾分鐘之前還相當(dāng)自大的被告低下了他的頭。結(jié)合句意,選C。
16.單選題
Allthememoriesofhischildhoodhad(
)fromhismindbythetimehewas65.
問題1選項
A.faded
B.illustrated
C.confined
D.concerned
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。fade“褪色,凋謝,逐漸消失”;illustrate“闡明,舉例說明”;confine“限制;禁閉”;concern“關(guān)系,與……有關(guān)”,memory“記憶”。句意:在他65歲的時候所有關(guān)于童年的記憶都消失了。選項A符合題意。
17.單選題
ThediscoveryoftheAntarcticnotonlyprovedoneofthemostinterestingofallgeographicaladventures,butcreatedwhatmightbecalled“theheroicageofAntarcticexploration”.Bytheirtremendousheroism,mensuchasShakleton,Scott,andAmundsencausedanewcontinenttoemergefromtheshadows,andyetthatheroicage,littlemorethanacenturyold,isalreadypassing.Modernscienceandinventionsarerevolutionizingthetechniquesofformerexplorers,andalthoughstillcallingforcourageandfeatsofendurance,futurejourneysintotheseicywasteswillprobablydependonmotorvehiclesequippedwithcaterpillartractionratherthanonthedogsthatearlierdiscoverersfoundsoinvaluableandhardlycomparable.
FewrealizethatthisAntarcticcontinentisalmostequalinsizetoSouthAmerica,andenormousfieldofworkawaitsgeographersandprospectors.Thecoastsofthiscontinentremaintobeaccuratelycharted,andthemappingofthewholeoftheinteriorpresentsaformidabletasktothecartographerswhoundertakethework.Oncetheirlaborsarecompleted,itwillbepossibletoprospectthevastnaturalresourceswhichscientistsbelievewillfurnishoneofthelargesttreasurehoardsofmetalsandmineralstheworldhasyetknown,andalmostinexhaustiblesourcesofcopper,coal,uranium,andmanyotheroreswillbecomeavailabletoman.SuchdiscoverieswillusherinaneraofpracticalexploitationoftheAntarcticwastes.
Thepolardarknesswhichhidesthiscontinentforthesixwintermonthswillbedefeatedbyhugebatteriesoflight,andmakepossibletheestablishingofair-fieldsforthefutureintercontinentalairservicesbymakingtheseareasaslightasday.Presentflyingrouteswillbecompletelychanged,fortheAntarcticrefuelingbaseswillmakeflightsfromAustraliatoSouthAmericacomparativelyeasyoverthe5,000milesjourney.
Theclimateisnotlikelytoofferaninsuperableproblem,fortheexplorerAdmiralByrdhasshownthattheclimateispossibleevenformencompletelyuntrainedforexpeditionsintothosefrozenwastes.Someofhispartiesweremenwhohadneverseensnowbefore,andyetherecordsthattheysurvivedtherigorsoftheAntarcticclimatecomfortably,sothat,providedthattheappropriateinstallationsaremade,wemayassumethathumanbeingsfromallcountriescouldlivetheresafely.Byrdevenaffirmsthatitisprobablythemosthealthyclimateintheworld,fortheintensecoldofthousandsofyearshassterilizethiscontinent,andrendereditabsolutelygermfree,withtheconsequencesthatordinaryandextraordinarysicknessanddiseasesfromwhichmansuffersinotherzoneswithdifferentclimatesarehereutterlyunknown.Thereexistnoproblemsofconservationandpreservationoffoodsupplies,forthelatterkeepindefinitelywithoutanysignsofdeterioration;itmayevenbethatlatergenerationswillcometoregardtheAntarcticasthenaturalstorehouseforthewholeworld.Plansarealreadyonfoottosetuppermanentbasesontheshoresofthiscontinent,andwhatsofewyearsagowasregardedasa“deadcontinent”nowpromisestobeamostactivecenterofhumanlifeandendeavor.
61.WhendidmanbegintoexploretheAntarctic?
62.Whatmusttheexplorersbe,eventhoughtheyhavemodernequipmentandtechniques?
63.Themosthealthyclimateintheworldis______.
64.WhatkindofmetalsandmineralscanwefindintheAntarctic?
65.Whatisplannedforthecontinent?
問題1選項
A.About100yearsago.
B.Inthiscentury.
C.Atthebeginningofthe19thcentury.
D.In1918.
問題2選項
A.Braveandtough.
B.Stubbornandarrogant.
C.Well-likedandhumorous.
D.Stoutandsmart.
問題3選項
A.inSouthAmerica
B.intheArcticRegion
C.intheAntarcticContinent
D.intheAtlanticOcean
問題4選項
A.Magnetite,coalandores
B.Copper,coalanduranium
C.Silver,naturalgasanduranium
D.Aluminum,copperandnaturalgas
問題5選項
A.Buildingdamsalongthecoasts.
B.Settingupseveralsummerresortsalongthecoasts.
C.Mappingthecoastandwholeterritory.
D.Settinguppermanentbasesonthecoasts.
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】61.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“人類是什么時候開始探索南極的?”。第一段第二句指出Bytheirtremendousheroism,mensuchasShakleton,Scott,andAmundsencausedanewcontinenttoemergefromtheshadows,andyetthatheroicage,littlemorethanacenturyold,isalreadypassing.(沙克爾頓、斯科特和阿蒙森等人,憑借他們巨大的英雄主義,使新大陸從陰影中出現(xiàn),然而,這個僅僅一個世紀(jì)多一點的英雄時代已經(jīng)過去了)可知,從開始探索南極到寫這篇文章的時間已經(jīng)有一個世紀(jì)多一點了,一個世紀(jì)是一百年,所以A項“大約100年前”正確。B項“在本世紀(jì)”、C項“19世紀(jì)初”和D項“1918年”都不正確,文章沒有給出寫這篇文章的時間,所以無法推斷具體的時間。因此,該題選擇A項正確。
62.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“即使他們有現(xiàn)代的設(shè)備和技術(shù),探險者必須是什么樣的人?”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Modernscienceandinventionsarerevolutionizingthetechniquesofformerexplorers,andalthoughstillcallingforcourageandfeatsofendurance,futurejourneysintotheseicywasteswillprobablydependonmotorvehiclesequippedwithcaterpillartractionratherthanonthedogsthatearlierdiscoverersfoundsoinvaluableandhardlycomparable.(現(xiàn)代科學(xué)和發(fā)明正在徹底改變以前探險者的技術(shù),雖然仍然需要勇氣和耐力,未來進(jìn)入這些冰原的旅程可能要依靠裝有履帶式牽引裝置的機動車,而不是早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)者認(rèn)為非常寶貴和幾乎比不上的狗)可知,A項“勇敢和堅韌”正確。B項“固執(zhí)自大”、C項“很受歡迎和幽默”和D項“堅強而聰明”都不符合原文。因此,該題選擇A項正確。
63.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“世界上最健康的氣候是……”。根據(jù)最后一段第三句Byrdevenaffirmsthatitisprobablythemosthealthyclimateintheworld,fortheintensecoldofthousandsofyearshassterilizethiscontinent,andrendereditabsolutelygermfree,withtheconsequencesthatordinaryandextraordinarysicknessanddiseasesfromwhichmansuffersinotherzoneswithdifferentclimatesarehereutterlyunknown.(伯德甚至斷言,這可能是世界上最健康的氣候,因為數(shù)千年的嚴(yán)寒已經(jīng)使這片大陸絕育,使它完全無菌,人類在其他氣候不同的地區(qū)所遭受的普通和特殊疾病的后果在這里是完全未知的。),結(jié)合上文提到了南極,由此可知世界上最健康的氣候是在南極,所以C項“南極大陸”正確。A項“南美地區(qū)”、B項“北極”和D項“大西洋”都不符合原文。因此,該題選擇C項正確。
64.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“在南極我們能找到什么樣的金屬和礦物?”。第二段倒數(shù)第二句指出Oncetheirlaborsarecompleted,itwillbepossibletoprospectthevastnaturalresourceswhichscientistsbelievewillfurnishoneofthelargesttreasurehoardsofmetalsandmineralstheworldhasyetknown,andalmostinexhaustiblesourcesofcopper,coal,uranium,andmanyotheroreswillbecomeavailabletoman.(一旦完成他們的工作,勘探這一巨大的自然資源將是可能的,科學(xué)家們相信這將是迄今為止世界上最大的金屬和礦物寶庫之一,而且人類將獲得幾乎取之不盡的銅、煤、鈾和許多其他礦石),由此可知,在南極我們能獲得銅、煤、鈾和許多其他礦石,所以B項“銅、煤和鈾”正確。A項“磁鐵礦、煤和礦石”、C項“銀、天然氣和鈾”和D項“鋁、銅和天然氣”不正確。因此,該題選擇B項正確。
65.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“對這塊大陸有何計劃?”。文章最后一句話指出Plansarealreadyonfoottosetuppermanentbasesontheshoresofthiscontinent,andwhatsofewyearsagowasregardedasa“deadcontinent”nowpromisestobeamostactivecenterofhumanlifeandendeavor.(在這塊大陸的海岸上建立永久基地的計劃已經(jīng)開始實施,幾年前還被認(rèn)為是“死亡的大陸”,現(xiàn)在卻有望成為人類生活和努力的最活躍的中心)可知,對于南極大陸,計劃在海岸上建立永久基地,所以D項“在沿海建立永久基地”正確。A項“沿海岸建水壩”與原文不符;B項“沿海岸建立幾個避暑勝地”,南極氣候寒冷,建立避暑勝地明顯不符合常識;C項“繪制海岸和整個領(lǐng)土”,這只是為了方便勘測南極自然資源初步的一個工作,不是最終的計劃。因此,該題選擇D項正確。
18.單選題
Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsaswellasagreedconventions(
)thesewordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage.
問題1選項
A.asthewaybywhich
B.bythewayinwhich
C.astothewayinwhich
D.inthewayofwhich
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我們每個人都與我們所生活的社會分享著大量的詞匯以及約定的慣例,……這些詞匯排列組合起來后可以表達(dá)特定意義。后半句是對前半句中約定的慣例進(jìn)一步解釋,因此只有C選項“至于這種慣例(方式)”可將前后銜接起來。
19.單選題
Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.Therefore,itisimportanttorememberthatyourobjectiveduringtheinterviewmaydifferfromtheobjectiveofthepotentialemployer.Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou,buttohiretherightpersonforthejob.
Remember,jobhuntingisverycompetitive.Anythingyoucandotoenhanceyourinterviewtechniqueswillbetoyouradvantage.Thefollowingsuggestionsmayhelpyoulandthemostimportantjob.
Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.
Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.
Showtheinterviewerthatyouareinterestedinthecompanybyaskingrelevantquestions.Askaboutresponsibilities,workingconditions,promotionopportunitiesandfringebenefits(附加福利)ofthejobyouareinterviewingfor.
Ifathomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.
Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary.Thispolitelypassesthequestionbacktotheinterviewer.Iftheinterviewercontinuestopress,givehimarangeorsuggestthegoingrateforaparticularjob.Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.
1.Togetthejobyouwant,duringtheinterviewyoushould().
2.Ifyoudidnotgetalongwithyourformeremployer,you().
3.Whenyoufindtheinterviewisnotgoingwellyoushould().
4.Thebesttimetodiscussyoursalaryis().
5.Themostimportantthingtododuringaninterviewis().
問題1選項
A.avoidtheinterviewer’squestionsthataredesignedtotripyou
B.rememberthatyouarethebestqualifiedcandidate
C.makeyourselfstandoutastherightpersonforthejob
D.keepinmindthatitdetermineswhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant
問題2選項
A.shouldtelltheinterviewerfrankly
B.shouldnotspeakillofhim
C.shouldrefertohiminafactualmanner
D.shouldnevermentionit
問題3選項
A.keepupyourconfidence
B.bringittoanendassoonaspossible
C.tellyourinterviewerhowyoureacttoadversecondition
D.tellyourselfyouhavemuchtogainandnothingtolose
問題4選項
A.whenyouhavebeenofferedthejob
B.attheendoftheinterview
C.afteryouhavecompletedthepaperwork
D.whentheinterviewerbringsthismatterup
問題5選項
A.tomakeyourstrengthsunderstood
B.toshowyourintenseinterestinthejobyouareapplyingfor
C.tobefrankandsincere
D.tobenaturalandconfident
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:A
第5題:A
【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.(你想讓自己作為一個完整的人脫穎而出,這個人有自己的優(yōu)點,很有資格,應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是這份工作的合適人選)。可知在面試中,如果你想得到想要的工作,應(yīng)該讓自己作為工作的合適人員凸顯出來。因此C選項“讓你自己脫穎而出,成為這份工作的合適人選”正確。A選項在第一段Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou(面試者的任務(wù)不是讓你尷尬或絆倒你),因此可以得知面試者并不會給你使絆子,A選項錯誤;B選項不正確,原文并沒有說過這個,只是說要保持自信;D選項在第一段的第一句話有提到Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.(面試在找工作過程中是很重要的一件事,因為你與面試官待上的二三十分鐘可能會決定你是否能得到你想要的工作。)但是這并不是作者認(rèn)為被面試者應(yīng)該銘記的事,因此D不正確。
2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.(不要說前老板的壞話。)可以得知如果和前老板相處的不好,也不要說他的壞話,因此B選項“不應(yīng)該說他的壞話”正確。A選項是在第四段Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.(如果你被解雇了,面試官問起這個問題,你要坦率地回答。)說的是如果被解雇了,則要坦率回答,和題干不符合,因此排除;C、D都并未提及,排除。
3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第六段Ifatsomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.(如果在某個時刻你覺得面試不順利,不要表現(xiàn)出你的沮喪。繼續(xù)表現(xiàn)出自信,你不會有什么損失,你可能會有很多收獲。)因此A選項“保持你的信心”正確。B、D雖然原文都有提及,但不是本題的信息點,因此排除;C選項在第六段Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.(它可能是好的,也可能是測試你對不利條件的反應(yīng)。)這只是一個推測,并且與如何在表現(xiàn)不好時做出回應(yīng)不相關(guān),排除。
4.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.(如果可能的話,你應(yīng)該在得到一份工作之后,在你準(zhǔn)備好去完成相關(guān)文件之后,再去談工資問題。)可以看出,作者認(rèn)為最好的談薪水的時間應(yīng)該是在你已經(jīng)收到了工作邀請之后,因此A選項“當(dāng)你得到這份工作的時候”正確。B選項未提及,無關(guān)項排除;C選項在最后一段youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.(你應(yīng)該在得到一份工作之后,在你準(zhǔn)備好去完成相關(guān)文件之后,再去談工資問題。)原文是說“準(zhǔn)備好去完成相關(guān)文件”,而不是完成了文件,因此C選項錯誤,排除;D選項在最后一段Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary(有些面試官可能會在面試一開始就提出薪水問題。此時,你可以暗示與具體的薪水相比你更感興趣的是一份可以證明你自己的工作),從這里得知作者并不支持一開始就直接談薪水,因此D錯誤,排除。
5.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.(你想讓自己作為一個完整的人脫穎而出,這個人有自己的優(yōu)點,很有資格,應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是這份工作的合適人選。)以及第三段Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.(在這次面試中,你的目標(biāo)是確保別人能理解你的優(yōu)點。除非你指出來,否則面試官是不會知道的,所以你要盡量以事實和真誠的方式來表達(dá)。)通過這兩處可以看出,最重要的就是要讓自己的能力被理解、被面試官接收到,因此A選項“讓別人了解你的長處”正確。其余的B、C、D都是無關(guān)項,不符合題意。
20.單選題
TheDuPontCompany,the13thlargestemployerintheU.S.,routinelygivespre-employmentbloodteststoallblackswhoapplyforjobstodeterminewhomightbeacarrierofthetraitforsickle-cellanemia,eventhoughthetraitisregardedaslargelyharmless.Althoughthereareothergeneticallytransmittedblooddiseasesandmetabolicdisordersthatpredominateinracialorethnicgroups,blacksaretheonlyonestobeidentifiedwithadiseaseandexaminedforitatDuPont.InathreemonthstudyofgeneticscreeningintheAmericanworkplace,theNewYorkTimesfoundnootherinstanceofanethnicorracialgroupsingledoutinanorganizationorcompany.DuPontofficialsemphasizethatthesickletraittestsdonotrepresentdiscriminationandareonlyanefforttohelpthemavoidpotentiallyharmfulexposuretocertainchemicals.Yettheofficialscanoffernofirmevidencethatthetrait―notthedisease,butonlyasingleabnormalgene—makesblacksmorevulnerable.DuPont,whichemployswellover100,000workers,isinthevanguardofAmericancompaniesdoinggeneticscreeningandthusisatthecenterofthedebateoverthisareaofscience,debatesointense,sobroad,thatevenmedicaldirectorsfromothercompanieswhobelievethepossibilitiesofgeneticscreeningwantnopartofit.Atleast,nowtheofficialsatDuPontCompany,aleaderinthechemicalindustrywithannualgrosssalesofmorethan$10billion,feeltheyhavethemoneyandthescientiststoturnthedistrustintoachievement.Ifsomechemicalsarehighlytoxicandtheworkplaceislessthanpure,companyofficialsreason,itisonlylogicaltotrytodeterminewhysomeworkersgetsickerfasterandwhyothersseemtohavemoretoleranceforindustrialpoisons.Andsothecompanyislookingbeyondtheskillsandloyaltyofitsworkerstogeneticstructure.
Thesickle-celltraitisnotthesameassickle-cellanemia.Theanemiaisrarebutdebilitatingdisorderfoundinfewerthan50,000Americanblacks,abouttwo-tenthsofapercentoftheblack
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