考研考博-英語-新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)厚博學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)厚博學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Cambridgeis（）thebestuniversityinEuropeandamongtheworld’stopten.

問題1選項

A.inmostcases

B.onmostcounts

C.undermostconditions

D.withmostprospects

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。inmostcases“在大多數(shù)情況下”；undermostconditions“在大多數(shù)情況、條件下”，沒有選項B和D的搭配，可排除。句意：劍橋大學(xué)在大多數(shù)情況下都是歐洲最好的大學(xué)，也是世界排名前十的大學(xué)之一。選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

Youshouldbuytheshirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial______whenyouwashesit.

問題1選項

A.decreases

B.expands

C.shrinks

D.diminishes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項decrease“減少，減小，降低”，B項expand“擴張，使膨脹”，C項shrink“（使）縮小，（使）收縮，（衣服、布料）縮水”，D項diminish“減少，縮小”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onesizelargerthanyouusuallywear“比平時穿的大一號”，結(jié)合空格前的詞語material“材料”可知，空格處填入shrink“縮水”符合語境。句意：你應(yīng)該買一件比你平時穿的大一號的襯衫，因為這種布料洗時會縮水。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.寫作題

Directions:Givealistofatleast5examplesofhowChinesecultureshinesaIdazzlingOlympicsopeningceremony,e.g.thepercussionrhythmsof2,008fouls,aprimitiveinstrumenlmadeofclayorbronze.RememberIowriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.單選題

Manywomenstillfeelthattheyarebeing（）byamaleculture,particularlyintheprofessionalservicessector.

問題1選項

A.heldback

B.heldforth

C.heldon

D.heldout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項heldback“阻礙”；B選項heldforth“提供”；C選項heldon“堅持”；D選項heldout“伸出”。句意：許多女性仍然感到男性文化阻礙了她們的發(fā)展，尤其是在專業(yè)服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。本句表示男性文化阻礙了女性的發(fā)展，因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

Disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.Arecentsurveyofprominenteconomists—bothconservativeandliberal—concludedthat“aneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.”

Whytheconsensus?Internationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.Thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit;otherwisetheywouldn'ttrade.Thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.Botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.Moreover,itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheUnitedStatesorHongKong(oranywhereelse).

ThevastmajorityofAmericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.Thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.Bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigher,prices.Americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionism—over$60billionayearor$1000forafamilyoffour.Thankstoprotectionism,forexample,Americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.

Freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationtocapitalizeontheirstrengths.TheUnitedStateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whileSaudiArabiahasanadvantageinoil.TheSaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.Similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.ButitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromSaudiArabia.Tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.

Protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.Ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.Thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.Despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theUnitedStatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectioniststosomedegree.Thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecial-interestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.Tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.

1.Theeconomists（

）.

2.Thetwopartnersinafreetrade

（

）.

3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardprotectionismdenotedfromthe3rdparagraph?

4.Whyhasprotectionismalwaysbeenexercisedevenifitiswastefulandunjust?

5.Accordingtothefreetradeprinciple,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

問題1選項

A.disagreewhethertorestrictfreetradeornot

B.agreeonfreetrade

C.agreeontherestrictionofinternaltrade

D.holddifferentargumentsbecauseoftheirdifferentinterests.

問題2選項

A.donotcareatall

B.carefordifferentthings

C.careforthethingsbeingtraded

D.careforthesamethings

問題3選項

A.Sincere

B.Appreciative

C.Grateful

D.Ironic

問題4選項

A.Ithelpstoestablishnationalindustryofone’sown

B.Itcanachieveanindependenteconomy

C.Itisfavoredbygeneralpublic

D.Itbenefitssomeprivilegedfew.

問題5選項

A.U.S.exploreitsoilshale

B.SaudiArabiabuilditsownindustry

C.SaudiArabiaimportfoodfromtheU.S.

D.U.S.becomemoreself-sufficientinfood.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.考察細節(jié)事實問題。文章第一段第一句Disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade提到經(jīng)濟學(xué)家之間的不一致有很多，但是在自由貿(mào)易上卻一致。選項B符合題意。

2.考察推理判斷問題。文章第三段第一句Thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit;otherwisetheywouldn'ttrade提到自由貿(mào)易雙方關(guān)注的問題是“獲利”，因此二者關(guān)心的是同一問題。選項D符合題意。

3.考察觀點態(tài)度問題。文章第三段提到國際自由貿(mào)易導(dǎo)致競爭，而競爭會促使產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的提升。而貿(mào)易保護主義會導(dǎo)致壟斷，比如美國。該段最后一句提到由于美國施行貿(mào)易保護主義，使得美國居民要花兩倍的價錢來買糖（Thankstoprotectionism,forexample,Americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar）。本意是保護本國貿(mào)易，卻導(dǎo)致居民消費成本大幅度增加，因此可以看出作者是帶有諷刺口吻在述說這件事。選項D符合題意。

4.考察細節(jié)事實問題。文章倒數(shù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecial-interestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed提到自由貿(mào)易受益的是普通大眾，而貿(mào)易保護主義受益的是一些特殊集團。選項D符合題意。

5.考察推理判斷問題。文章第四段第二句TheSaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus提到沙特阿拉伯如果想要食物自給自足的話需要大量的灌溉，而向美國購買糧食則經(jīng)濟很多，因此選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

（

）thecorporateladderisnotsimpletask.

問題1選項

A.Ascending

B.Acceding

C.Accelerating

D.Assenting

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞的ing形式作主語。Ascend“攀登，上升”；accede“加入，同意”；accelerate“使……加快”；assent“贊成，同意”。句意：攀登公司的階梯并非易事。選項A符合題意。

7.問答題

Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis

A

covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,

B

mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally

C

D

studiedhistory.

【答案】試題答案：B;as

【解析】考查連詞倒裝。由系動詞are被提到主語之前，可知此處用連詞as（如何……一樣）構(gòu)成倒裝。

8.不定項選擇題

Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?

Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(認知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.

Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho’sinandwho’soutofthegroup.”

Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.

Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson’sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.

Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergraduateswerealmostaslikelyasoldpeopletomakethismistakeandmenaslikelyaswomen.Olderpeopleandwomenmadethemistakeslightlymoreoften,butthatmaybebecausegrandparentshavemoregrandchildrentomixupthanparentshavechildren.Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.

1.Howmightpeopleoftenfeelwhentheyweremisnamed?

2.WhatdidDavidRubin’sresearchfindaboutmisnaming?

3.Whatismostlikelythecauseofmisnaming?

4.Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutmisnaming?

5.Whydomothersmisnametheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers?

問題1選項

A.Unwanted.

B.Unhappy.

C.Confused.

D.Indifferent.

問題2選項

A.Itisrelatedtothewayourmemorieswork.

B.Itisapossibleindicatorofafaultymemory.

C.Itoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirfriends.

D.Itoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongpeople.

問題3選項

A.Similarpersonalitytraits.

B.Similarspellingsofnames.

C.Similarphysicalappearance.

D.Similarpronunciationofnames.

問題4選項

A.Itmoreoftenthannothurtsrelationships.

B.Ithardlyoccursacrossgenderboundaries.

C.Itismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedfamilies.

D.Itmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipgroup.

問題5選項

A.Theysuffermorefrustrations.

B.Theybecomewornoutmoreoften.

C.Theycommunicatemorewiththeirchildren.

D.Theygenerallytakeonmoreworkathome.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯時，他們會有什么感覺？”。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’sname.（如果你和大多數(shù)孩子一樣，當(dāng)你的母親用兄弟姐妹的名字叫你時，你可能會感到沮喪）可知，當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯時，他們會感到沮喪；所以B項“不開心”正確。A項“不受歡迎的”、C項“困惑”和D項“冷漠”都不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“關(guān)于誤稱，大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究有何發(fā)現(xiàn)？”。根據(jù)第三段Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.（這項4月份在線發(fā)表在《記憶與認知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“錯誤”的名字并非隨機產(chǎn)生的，而是來自于同一個關(guān)系池：孩子、兄弟姐妹、朋友）可知，叫錯名字通常發(fā)生在姊妹和朋友之間，所以C項“它主要發(fā)生在孩子和他們的朋友之間”正確。A項“這與我們的記憶工作方式有關(guān)”這不屬于大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)；B項“它可能是一個內(nèi)存故障的指示器”沒有提到；D項“它經(jīng)常引起人們之間的誤解”這不是研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“最可能導(dǎo)致誤稱的原因是什么？”。根據(jù)第四段Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.（研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這組人中，如果名字的首字母或內(nèi)部發(fā)音相同，就會出現(xiàn)誤稱，比如吉米和瓊妮或約翰和鮑勃；人與人之間的外貌相似不是一個因素，性別也不是）可知D項“名字發(fā)音相似”正確；C項“相似的外貌”錯誤；A項“相似的性格特征”文中沒有提到；B項“名字的相似拼寫”，文中只是提到相同的首字母，不代表名字相似。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“對1700多名受試者的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第五段，最后一句指出Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.（所有的調(diào)查都發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，比如孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹，但很少跨越這些界限），可知這個調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會出現(xiàn)誤稱大多都是混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，所以D項“它最經(jīng)常發(fā)生在一個關(guān)系組”正確。A項“它往往會傷害人際關(guān)系”，表述與原文完全不符；B項“它幾乎不會跨越性別界限”，文章提到的是很少跨越關(guān)系群體這個界限，B項表述不準(zhǔn)確；C項“它在大家庭中最常見”，表述比較片面，關(guān)系群體包括孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹等。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“為什么母親比父親更經(jīng)常給孩子叫錯名字？”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.（此外，由于傳統(tǒng)的性別規(guī)范，母親可能比父親更經(jīng)常與孩子交流）可知，C項“與孩子交流更多”正確。最后一句提到Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.（沒有證據(jù)表明，誤稱者在沮喪、疲憊或生氣時更容易出錯）可知，誤稱名字和沮喪、疲憊或生氣沒什么關(guān)系，所以A項“她們遭受更多的挫折”、B項“她們更容易疲憊”和D項“她們通常在家里承擔(dān)更多的工作”均不符合題意。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

9.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous-coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandinimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities,there'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff,thecitybreedsafeelingofisolationandconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecenterofthings,andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring"morning"tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere'smycat,Toby.I'mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor

（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuytothefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages

（

）.

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?（

）.

問題1選項

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

問題2選項

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

問題5選項

A.Yes,hewilldoso.

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell.

D.Heisintwominds.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecounty.（我設(shè)法說服自己，如果不是因為工作的緣故，我將馬上搬到開闊的農(nóng)村，回到隱藏在寧靜的村莊）可知作者在城市工作，因此選C。

第2題:推理判斷題。文章第二段中nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother與B選項對應(yīng)；Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats與C選項對應(yīng)；theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld與D選項對應(yīng)，因此選A。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.（購物成了一個大問題，對于任何不尋常的東西，你必須遠征到最近的大城市）可知選C，其他選項都為平常的東西。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第四段中Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind-theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.（他們大概和他們留下的塑料花一樣，沒有感受，他們的腦子里充滿了關(guān)于改變和改進農(nóng)村的奇怪想法，并將這些強加給不愿接受的原始居民）可知D選項“麻木不仁的”最恰當(dāng)。這里是將這些人和塑料花進行比較，他們只知道一味的強加，并不在意當(dāng)?shù)厝说母惺?，所以說和塑料花一樣麻木不仁。所以選項D正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中I’mkeenontheidea,but...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.可知作者以他的貓為例，認為它不一定會適應(yīng)農(nóng)村生活，更喜歡待在城里，間接表達了自己不會去農(nóng)村生活，因此選B。

10.單選題

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist,tradeorbookkeeping.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployee-shipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeeratherthanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

1.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,

（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis

（

）.

4.Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployee-shiphelpsone（

）.

問題1選項

A.eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B.twentypercentofintellectualswereemployees

C.thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D.thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

問題2選項

A.factorylaborerswillovertakeintellectualemployeesinnumber

B.thereareasmanymiddle-classemployeesasfactorylaborers

C.employershaveattachedgreatimportancetofactorylaborers

D.theproportionoffactorylaborersinthetotalemployeepopulationhasdecreased

問題3選項

A.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

B.asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

C.moreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations

D.asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

問題4選項

A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer

B.tosolvetechnicalproblems

C.tobemorespecializedinhisfield

D.todevelophisprofessionalskill

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由“whenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.50年前，“受雇”意味著當(dāng)工廠工人或農(nóng)場工人，而今天的雇員越來越多地是受過正規(guī)教育的中產(chǎn)階級，從事需要智力和技術(shù)技能的專業(yè)或管理工作?！笨芍?0年前受雇人群以工人為主，技術(shù)類人才較少。故D項正確。C項原文內(nèi)容不符，AB項文中未提及。答案D

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。由第—段中“middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker…h(huán)asbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.中產(chǎn)階級和上層階級雇員一直是我國勞動人口中增長最快的群體，其增長速度如此之快，以至于盡管工業(yè)生產(chǎn)在擴大，但工人在數(shù)量上的重要性卻在下降。”可知知識分子雇員的數(shù)量增多，而工業(yè)工人的數(shù)量減少。故D項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由第二段中Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.越來越多的人，尤其是在大企業(yè)或政府部門，員工關(guān)系比特殊的專業(yè)知識或技能對成功更重要?？芍狝項“專業(yè)技能或知識沒有員工關(guān)系重要”是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。故A項正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由第二段中“thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.你爬得越高，就越會從事行政或執(zhí)行工作，就越強調(diào)在組織內(nèi)工作的能力，而不是技術(shù)能力或?qū)I(yè)知識?！笨芍诠緝?nèi)部良好的工作關(guān)系能使人們的職業(yè)生涯更成功。答案A

11.單選題

Theheavyfoghadcreatedanoptical（）thatmadetheoppositeshoreofthelakeseemcloserthanitwas.

問題1選項

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.illusion

D.impression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。illusion“幻覺”；imagination“想象”；impression“印象”；conclusion“結(jié)論”。本句意為“濃霧造成了一種錯覺，使湖的對岸看起來比實際更近”，幻覺使得遠處的景物看起來更近。選項C正確。

12.單選題

Therehavebeensomespeculationsattimesastowhowilltakeoverthecompany.

問題1選項

A.onoccasion

B.atpresent

C.bynow

D.forsure

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。attimes表示“有時，偶爾”；A項onoccasion“有時，偶爾”，B項atpresent“目前，現(xiàn)在”，C項bynow“到目前為止”，D項forsure“確實，毫無疑問”。句意：關(guān)于誰將接管公司，不時有一些猜測。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇A項正確。

13.單選題

Thoughfinedseveraltimes,hestill（）noimportancetohisoldhabits.

問題1選項

A.adheres

B.clings

C.sticks

D.attaches

【答案】D

【解析】attachimportanceto為固定搭配,意為“重視,注意”。句意：盡管被罰了幾次款,他仍然不重視他的舊習(xí)慣。選項D符合句意。

14.單選題

Nakheel,apropertydeveloperownedbyDubaiWorld,metcreditorsaspartofitsattemptstorenegotiate$10.5billioninbankdebt.DubaiWorldspookedmarketsinNovemberafterannouncingastandstillondebtrepayments.

問題1選項

A.intimidated

B.assailed

C.exude

D.imbibed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項intimidated“威脅，恐嚇，脅迫”；B選項assail“攻擊；質(zhì)問；著手解決”；C選項exude“散發(fā)；流出；使?jié)B出”；D選項imbibe“吸收，接受；喝；吸入”。句意：迪拜世界（DubaiWorld）旗下的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商棕櫚島集團（Nakheel）與債權(quán)人會面，試圖就105億美元的銀行債務(wù)進行重新談判。迪拜世界(DubaiWorld)去年11月宣布暫停償債后，令市場恐慌。spook“嚇；驚嚇；受驚；鬼怪般的出沒”，A選項與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Heavysmokersaretwentytimesmorelikelytobe（

）bylungcancerthannon-smokers.

問題1選項

A.gripped

B.stricken

C.attacked

D.ravaged

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項grip“緊握，抓牢”；B選項strike“擊打，碰撞”，指災(zāi)難或疾病的爆發(fā)；C選項attack“攻擊，進攻”，指暴力性的襲擊或者戰(zhàn)爭的攻擊；D選項ravage“毀壞”。由lungcancer（肺癌）可知選B符合邏輯搭配。句意：煙癮大的人患肺癌的幾率是不吸煙者的20倍。

16.單選題

______hegaveupthespeech.

問題1選項

A.Atalossforaword

B.Whileatalossforaword

C.Whenatalossforaword

D.Ifatalossforaword

【答案】A

【解析】考查原因狀語。句意：他想不出一個詞來，只好放棄演講。橫線部分是原因狀語。根據(jù)選項內(nèi)容可知橫線部分不是從句而是短語，句子還原成：Hegaveupthespeechatalossforaword.A選項Atalossforaword符合題意。因此A選項正確。

17.單選題

Thejunglefrightenedthetravelersbecauseitseemed（）.

問題1選項

A.abismal

B.abbysmal

C.abyzmal

D.abysmal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A，B以及C選項不是正確的英文單詞；D選項abysmal“深不可測的”。句意：這個叢林使旅行者驚恐萬分，因為它似乎是深不可測的。根據(jù)句意，D選項正確。

18.單選題

Manypeopleare（

）toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.

問題1選項

A.insensitive

B.allergic

C.sensible

D.infected

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:很多人對蚊蟲叮咬（

），有些甚至不得不去醫(yī)院治療。

Insensitive感覺遲鈍的;allergic過敏的,例如beallergicto對某事或某物過敏;sensible理智的;infected被感染的。故選B。

19.單選題

Asapsychotherapistwithmanypatientsintheir20’s,Ican_______thefactthatnotonlydomostofthemnothaveanyhealthinsurance,buttheyalsodonotexpectitasaconditionoflivinginthiscountry.

問題1選項

A.attestto

B.contributeto

C.modify

D.interdict

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞和詞組辨析。A選項“attestto”意為“證明；證實”；B選項“contributeto”意為“有助于；捐獻；促成；投稿”；C選項“modify”意為“修改；更改”；D選項“interdict”意為“阻斷，封鎖；禁止”。句意：作為一名有很多20多歲患者的心理治療師，我可以證明一個事實，他們中的大多數(shù)人不僅沒有任何健康保險，而且他們也不希望這是這個國家的一種生活條件。由題干可知，橫線后是thefact（一個事實），說明這位心理治療師想證明這個事實，他的患者中有很多沒有健康保險，并且對此不滿。因此A選項符合題意。

20.單選題

Sheisavery____student.She’salwaystalkingabouttravelingtoouterspace.

問題1選項

A.imaginary

B.imaginative

C.imaginable

D.imagining

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項imaginary“虛構(gòu)的，想象的”；B選項imaginative“富有想象力的；有創(chuàng)造力的”；C選項imaginable“可能的；可想象的”；D選項imagining“想象，動詞imagine的現(xiàn)在分詞形式”。句意：她是一個非常____的學(xué)生。她總是說要去外太空旅行。根據(jù)她經(jīng)常談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容推斷，她是一個充滿想象力的學(xué)生，B選項最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

21.單選題

Detailedstudiesofthetribebythefoodscientistsat[A]theUniversityofLondonshowedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffood[B]thanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyields[C]onaverageabout100ediblecalories[D]asanhourofgatheringproduces240.

問題1選項

A.the

B.thanishunting

C.on

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查語義邏輯。D選項處“Anhourofhuntingyieldsonaverageabout100ediblecalories”與后面“anhourofgatheringproduces240”形成對比，應(yīng)將as改為可表示對比關(guān)系的while或whereas。

22.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

據(jù)財富、種族、教育、地域的不同，計算機的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模有很大差別。數(shù)據(jù)表明，計算機的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模在最富裕的、教育良好的，即擁有高中和大學(xué)文憑的富裕的白人和那些穩(wěn)定的雙親家庭中增長更迅速。最高收入階層的家庭，即年收入高于75000美元的家庭訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的可能性是那些低收入階層，即年收入低于10000美元的家庭的20倍。高收入家庭使用計算機的比例高達76.56%，但與之相比，低收入家庭只有8%。

【答案】Accordingtothedifferencesinwealth,race,educationandregion,greatdistancehasexistedintheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccess.ThestatisticsshowthattheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccesshaveincreasedrapidlyinthemostaffluentandwell-educatedwhitepeoplewhousuallyownshigh-schoolanduniversitydiplomaandstabletwo-parentfamilies.ThepossibilityofusingInternetinthefamilieswiththehighestincome,morethan75,000dollars,istwent