考研考博-英語-南昌理工學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南昌理工學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywherealtitudesareconcerned（1）.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddleclasspeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers'jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.（2）,havinggivenhiswifeher“housekeeping”，wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillis―inclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasamostimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlawshavemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".（3）.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

（4）.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.（5）Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillreappear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:F

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.前文含義“但是，在某些方面變化很小，特別是在某些高度上”可推斷此處應(yīng)是對“verylittlehaschanged”的舉例，C項(xiàng)含義為“關(guān)于社會(huì)階層的問題，即一個(gè)人是否為工人階級或中產(chǎn)階級，就是一個(gè)變化非常緩慢的領(lǐng)域”，符合題意，故選C。

2.前文含義為“在過去，工人階級的工資往往低于中產(chǎn)階級，如教師和醫(yī)生?；谶@一點(diǎn)以及工人工作的不安全性，人們生活方式和態(tài)度出現(xiàn)了明顯的差異?！毕挛呐e例，空格后文的含義為“給一部分給妻子作為生活開支，剩下的出去喝酒和賭博”可知此處為工人階級的做法，選項(xiàng)F含義為“典型的工人階級男人們，在周五晚上領(lǐng)薪水，大部分人認(rèn)為…”符合上下文，故選F。

3.前文含義為“如今變化很大，在大多數(shù)情況下，工廠工人的收入可以與他們的中產(chǎn)階級主管持平。社會(huì)保障和法律也使人們不再擔(dān)心“明天”。空格后文的含義為“事實(shí)上，在過去的幾年里，中產(chǎn)階級對自己的地位感到羞愧的趨勢越來越明顯。”可推斷此處可能與“工人階級對自己過去的社會(huì)地位的感覺”相關(guān)，A項(xiàng)含義為“工人階級似乎在慢慢失去過去的那種自卑感”符合上下文，故選A。

4.空格后文的含義為“他們通常在音樂和衣服上有著相似的品味，為了玩得很開心他們愿意花錢，必要時(shí)還會(huì)為假期或長期計(jì)劃儲(chǔ)蓄。與前幾代相比，差異似乎要小得多?！贝颂幙赡転閷δ撤N變化的舉例。選項(xiàng)D的含義為“生活方式和態(tài)度的變化很可能很容易在年輕人中看到”符合上下文，故選D。

5.空格后文的含義為“只要這種差距存在，就永遠(yuǎn)有可能出現(xiàn)新的沖突和猜忌，或者舊的沖突在不同的群體之間再次出現(xiàn)”可推斷空格處應(yīng)與某種差異相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B的含義為“然而，在高薪（無論他們有什么樣的工作）和低薪者之間仍然有很大的差距”符合上下文，故選B。

2.單選題

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen’sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon'ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid“She’sthetalkerinourfamily.”Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt.“It’strue,”heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn’tkeeptheconversationgoing,we’dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituations,theyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearch,complaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequities,suchas,havinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cooking,socialarrangementsanderrands.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication:“Hedoesn’tlistentome”“Hedoesn’ttalktome.”Ifound,asHackerobservedyearsbefore,thatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobe,firstandforemost,conversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.

Inshort,theimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.

1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Talkingtothem.

B.Trustingthem.

C.Supportingtheircareers.

D.Sharinghousework.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.generatingmotivation

B.exertinginfluence

C.causingdamage

D.creatingpressure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen.

B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation.

C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples.

D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.

D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.”晚上快結(jié)束的時(shí)候，我評論說，女人經(jīng)常抱怨她們的丈夫不跟她們說話。這個(gè)人立刻點(diǎn)頭表示同意。由此可知大多數(shù)妻子都是希望丈夫和她們多多溝通的，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.語義推測題。根據(jù)句意：這種模式正在對婚姻造成嚴(yán)重破壞。由此可知wreakinghavoc和causingdamage造成損害意義最為接近，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.”?？紤]到目前美國近50%的離婚率，每年在美國就會(huì)有數(shù)百萬起這樣的案例——這簡直是一種談話失敗的流行病。美國有近50%的離婚率，但并不都是缺少交流引起的，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.主旨大意題。整篇文章由一個(gè)真實(shí)場景引入到婚姻中的談話溝通，談?wù)撁绹糠旨彝サ幕橐霈F(xiàn)狀，主要探討妻子和丈夫?qū)τ跍贤ú糠植煌捶ㄒ约白龇ǎ钦煞蛟谕饨≌?，在家很少說話的婚姻交談模式以及妻子想要和丈夫談話的迫切使得婚姻出現(xiàn)裂痕。選項(xiàng)D符合文意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到能代表當(dāng)前危機(jī)的形象是一個(gè)典型的卡通場景，可以推斷出作者接下來可能對這個(gè)卡通的一些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行展開，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Thenotesaboveweresetdownforalecturein1967,andIfindmyselfnowmakingafewchangestobringthemuptodate,noneofmuchconsequence.（1）Iseethecasenow,thereisonepointtheseoldnotesseemtobedriving（2）whichneverquitegetsarticulatedbutwhich（3）alotformethesedays.Itseems（4）,infact;andespeciallysoperhapsinviewofthepresentconditionofAmericanpoetry.Farmorethantherealityofthescene,whichInonethelesshighlyprize,Iwouldcall（5）nowtotheabsolutepurityofstyleachievedinthislittlemasterpiece,andeffortlesslyachieved,

（6）tobeequaledevenbyWilliams.OtherpoemsbyWilliams-certainlypoemsbyotherpoets—aremuchricher（7）whattheyencompass;（8）visionisdeeperandthecharacterofthepoetstandsasamoreaffectinghumanpresence.Oftenenoughthelanguageismore（9）.Butthispoemisperfectlysaid.Lean,streamlined;andthereis（10）extra,noexcrescence,noexcess,noshowingoff;norindeedanyshortcomingwhatever.Wehave（11）wesee;wehaveitexactlyArtcanaspirehigherandnodoubt,attimes,should.

（12）notalways.IthinkofWangWei:theChineseeffectingeneral,here（13）.IbegintounderstandhowacriticlikeWinterscanarguethatthebrieflyricmaybegreaterthanacompletetragedy,lyriccanhopeforperfection,a(n)

（15）wholenessandunity.OneofWilliams’manyadmirershaswritten（16）“BetweenWalls”thatsince“thereisnolivingthinginthepoem-justamockeryofthecolorofgrowingplants-thefeelingofthepoemis...sterileandairless.”Butthisopinioncanonlybetheresultofanabsurdprejudice,probablygotupoutofsomeall（17）simpleunderstandingoftheorganicandthenatural.Thereisnomockeryinthisgreen:imitation,yes,and,onemight（18）suggest,acertainpathosandbraveryintheimitation.Thereismoreto（19）thanthat,butthereis,justglintingly,that.Meanwhilewedohavealso,thankingthemuseofreality,piecesofabrokenbottle,therealthing,asgoodas（20）greenleafhere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.Though

C.And

D.Because

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.through

C.in

D.at

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.acknowledges

B.calculates

C.makes

D.counts

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.crucial

B.impossible

C.mediocre

D.unnecessary

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.forth

B.mind

C.attention

D.back

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.already

B.rarely

C.surely

D.actually

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.to

C.in

D.from

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.its

C.whose

D.it’s

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.virtuous

C.brilliant

D.favorable

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.something

B.anything

C.nothing

D.everything

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.and

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.But

C.Thus

D.For

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.naturalized

B.socialized

C.sympathized

D.philosophized

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.aslongas

B.lest

C.since

D.while

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.unflawed

B.mistaken

C.fragmented

D.far-fetched

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.for

C.in

D.of

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.little

B.much

C.very

D.too

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.yet

C.however

D.nevertheless

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.them

C.those

D.these

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.many

B.much

C.some

D.any

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）連詞辨析題。根據(jù)句意：正如我現(xiàn)在看到的情況選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（2）固定搭配。driveat用意所在。句意：這些舊筆記的用意似乎沒有很清晰地被表達(dá)出來。

（3）詞意辨析題。acknowledge承認(rèn)、答謝；calculate計(jì)算、推測；make使得…；count有價(jià)值、計(jì)算。這里指它們對我很有價(jià)值。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（4）詞意辨析題。crucial關(guān)鍵的；impossible不可能的；mediocre普通的；unnecessary不必要的。原文指這些筆記看起來很普通。

（5）固定搭配。callattentionto喚起注意。本文指呼吁大家關(guān)注這篇杰作淳樸的風(fēng)格。

（6）詞意辨析題。rarely很少地、難得。本文指很少有人能夠?qū)懗鋈绱私^對風(fēng)格淳樸的詩歌。

（7）介詞搭配。richin在...方面很豐富。本文指他們詩歌所包含的內(nèi)容要豐富得多。

（8）代詞辨析題。their指前面提到的Williams和其他詩人。

（9）詞意辨析題。vulgar通俗的；virtuous善良的；brilliant杰出的；favorable喜愛的。這里指語言通俗易懂。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（10）代詞辨析題。根據(jù)下文“noexcrescence,noexcess,noshowingoff...”可知填空處應(yīng)填入表否定的代詞，只有選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（11）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，缺少see的賓語。選項(xiàng)what符合句意。

（12）連詞辨析題。根據(jù)上下文：毫無疑問，有時(shí)也應(yīng)該如此，，并不總是如此。由此可知，這里應(yīng)填入but表轉(zhuǎn)折。

（13）動(dòng)詞辨析題。naturalized移植、歸化；socialized社會(huì)化；sympathized同情、支持；philosophized使哲學(xué)化、理性地思考。根據(jù)下文的“tragedy”可知選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（14）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文：一首簡潔的抒情詩的內(nèi)涵會(huì)大于一首完整的悲情詩的內(nèi)涵，因?yàn)槭闱樵娪懈昝赖钠诖Ｉ舷挛拇嬖谝蚬P(guān)系，since表原因。

（15）詞意辨析題。unflawed完美無缺的；mistaken被誤解的；fragmented支離破碎的；far-fetched牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)的。填空處的詞用來修飾wholenessandunity（整體和統(tǒng)一體），選項(xiàng)A符原文。

（16）根據(jù)原文：威廉姆斯的眾多崇拜者之一曾為《墻與墻之間》寫過這樣一段話。為了...用for。

（17）根據(jù)原文：但這種觀點(diǎn)只能是一種荒謬偏見的結(jié)果，大概是出于對一些過于簡單的有機(jī)和自然的認(rèn)識。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（18）根據(jù)原文：模仿，是的，甚至有人會(huì)說，模仿中有某種悲愴和勇敢。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（19）根據(jù)原文：這首詩的意境不僅僅局限于那些。It特指這首詩。

（20）根據(jù)原文，leaf為單數(shù)，所以只能選D。

4.單選題

FlatswerealmostunknowninBritainuntilthe1850swhentheyweredeveloped,alongwithotherindustrialdwellings,forthelaboringclasses.Thesevastblockswereplainlya（1）meansof（2）socialconsciencebyhousinglargenumbersoftheever-presentpooron（3）citysites.Duringthe1880s,however,theideaoflivingincomfortableresidentialchamberscaughtonwiththe（4）upperanduppermiddle-classes,and（5）astotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofflatlifewasatopicofconversation（6）manya（7）dinnertable.InParisandothermajorEuropeancities,thecustomwherebythebetter-offlivedinapartments,orflats,waswell（8）.Uptothelate19thcenturyinEnglandonlybachelorbarristershadestablishedthe（9）oflivinginroomsneartheLawCourt:anyself-respectingheadofhouseholdwouldinsist（10）aWestEndtownhouseashisLondonhome,thebestthathis（11）couldprovide.

The（12）offlatsforthebetter-offseemstohavedevelopedforanumberofreasons.First,perhaps,throughthe（13）oftherailways,whichhadenabledawide（14）ofpeopletoenjoyaholidaystayinginasuiteatoneoftheluxuryhotelswhichhadbeguntospringupduringthepreviousdecade.（15）,nodoubt,thefactthatmanyoftheearlyluxuryflatsweresimilar（16）hotelsuites,evenbeingprovidedwith（17）diningroomsandcentralboilersforhotwaterandheating.Rentstendedtobehightocoveroverheads,butsavingsweremade（18）bythesecommunalamenitiesand（19）tenantsbeingableto（20）thenumberoffamilyservants.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservative

B.conventional

C.convenient

D.communicative

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.easing

B.decreasing

C.diminishing

D.enhancing

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.compact

B.condensed

C.compressed

D.compatible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.flourishing

B.affluent

C.humble

D.impoverished

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ambiguity

B.controversy

C.prediction

D.compromise

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.through

C.over

D.above

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.launched

B.imposed

C.established

D.enacted

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.tradition

B.anticipation

C.conviction

D.qualification

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.to

C.upon

D.for

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.sense

B.method

C.means

D.duty

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.superiority

B.popularity

C.priority

D.adversity

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.production

B.destruction

C.consumption

D.introduction

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.category

B.ratio

C.proportion

D.range

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Notwithstanding

C.Hence

D.Hitherto

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.as

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.communal

B.mutual

C.concentrated

D.domestic

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.vulnerable

B.available

C.accessible

D.possible

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.from

C.at

D.by

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.shorten

B.reduce

C.shrink

D.increase

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查形容詞辨析。conservative“保守的”；conventional“傳統(tǒng)的，常見的，符合習(xí)俗的”；convenient“方便的”；communicative“愛說話的，健談的”。句意：這些公寓在那時(shí)是用來緩解社會(huì)良知的方便方法，這些房子里當(dāng)時(shí)住著許多窮人。通過把大多數(shù)窮人安置在小公寓里是一種方便的方法。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。ease“減輕，緩解，緩和”；decrease“減少”；diminish“減少，使變小”；enhance“增加”。此處指緩和社會(huì)良知，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查形容詞辨析。compact“袖珍的，緊湊的”；condensed“濃縮的，扼要的”；compressed“被壓縮的”；compatible“兼容的，能共處的”。由citysites可知城市街區(qū)里的公寓是很緊湊的。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查形容詞辨析。flourishing“繁榮的，繁盛的”；affluent“富裕的，豐盛的”；humble“謙虛的，簡陋的，”；impoverished“窮困的，用盡了的”。由“upperanduppermiddle-classes”可知上層階級是富裕的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查名詞辨析。ambiguity“含糊，模棱兩可”；controversy“爭議，爭論”；prediction“預(yù)報(bào)，語言”；compromise“妥協(xié)，和解”。由下文可知此空指的是有關(guān)公布公寓生活的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)的爭論。故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查固定搭配。aroundthetable圍坐在餐桌周圍。

7.考查形近詞辨析。respective“各自的”；respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；respectable“體面的，值得尊敬的，人格高尚的”；respecting“關(guān)于”。富人的餐桌應(yīng)該是體面的，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。launch“發(fā)射，發(fā)起，發(fā)動(dòng)”；impose“強(qiáng)加，征稅，以…欺騙”;establish“建立，確立”；enact“頒布，制定法律”。在巴黎和歐洲其他主要城市，富人住在公寓里的習(xí)俗已經(jīng)建立。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.考查名詞辨析。tradition“傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)慣”；anticipation“預(yù)料，預(yù)想，預(yù)期”；conviction“定罪，確信，證明有罪”；qualification“資格，條件”。句意：到19世紀(jì)末，在英國只有單身律師建立了住在法院附近房子里的習(xí)慣。故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.考查固定搭配。insistupon“堅(jiān)持”。句意：任何有自尊心的戶主會(huì)堅(jiān)持希望在西部小鎮(zhèn)的房子安家。

11.考查名詞辨析。sense“感覺，官能”；method“方法”；means“財(cái)產(chǎn)，方法”；duty“責(zé)任，職務(wù)”。這里指代這些有自尊心的戶主希望能在西部小鎮(zhèn)安家，并且最好他的財(cái)產(chǎn)能夠負(fù)擔(dān)這些費(fèi)用。故C項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查名詞辨析。superiority“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)先性”；popularity“普及，流行，受歡迎”；adversity“逆境，不幸，災(zāi)難”。富人公寓很受歡迎似乎有許多理由。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.考查名詞辨析。production“成品，成果”；destruction“毀滅”；consumption“消費(fèi)，消耗”；introduction“介紹，引進(jìn)，采用”。此處指由于火車的引進(jìn)，許多人度假能夠住在豪華酒店的套房里。

14.考查名詞辨析。category“種類，分類”；ratio“比率，比例”；proportion“比例，占比”；range“范圍，幅度”。awiderangeof“大范圍的，許多不同的”。

15.考查連詞。nevertheless“然而，不過”；notwithstanding“雖然，盡管”；hence“因此”；hitherto“迄今，至今”。句意：因此，不足為奇的是許多早期豪華公寓與酒店套房相似。聯(lián)系上下文可知此處表示因果關(guān)系，前為因，此處表示結(jié)果。故C項(xiàng)正確。

16.考查固定搭配。besimilarto“與…相似的”。

17.考查形容詞辨析。communal“公共的，公社的”；mutual“共同的，相互的”；concentrated“集中的，濃縮的，全神貫注的”；domestic“國內(nèi)的”。由centralboilers中心鍋爐可推知豪華公寓里的餐廳也是公共的，故A項(xiàng)正確。

18.考查形容詞辨析。vulnerable“易受攻擊的，脆弱的”；available“可獲得的，可得到的”；accessible“可進(jìn)入的，易接近的”；possible“可能的”。由thesecommunalamenties可推知這些公共設(shè)施可以幫助租客節(jié)省開支。故D項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查介詞。由and前面的bythesecommunal…可知此空應(yīng)填by。句意：這些公共設(shè)施以及房客通過減少家庭仆人的數(shù)量使得節(jié)省開支成為可能。

20.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。shorten“縮短，減少”；reduce“減少”；shrink“縮小，退縮”；increase“增加”。由savings可推知房客是減少雇傭仆人的數(shù)量。故B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Smallfarmsandthelackofmoderntechnologyhave（

）agriculturalproduction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blundered

B.tangled

C.bewildered

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。blundered“做錯(cuò)；說錯(cuò)話”；tangled“使糾纏；處于混亂狀態(tài)”；bewildered“使迷惑，使不知所措”；hampered“阻礙，束縛”。句意：小農(nóng)場和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的缺乏阻礙了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。聯(lián)系前半句可知只有D項(xiàng)“阻礙”符合句意。答案D

6.單選題

LivinginsuchahighplaceasTibethasitsproblems,（

）obtainingoxygenisnottheleast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofwhich

B.forwhat

C.as

D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】句意:生活在如西藏這樣高海拔的地方有其問題，其中不僅僅只是氧氣

獲得的問題。

語法題。考查非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知后半句為非限制性定語從句。先行詞為problems(問題),所以用of+which表示“屬于”。

7.單選題

Onceapictureisprovedtobeaforgery,itbecomesquite______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invaluable

B.priceless

C.unworthy

D.worthless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。invaluable“無價(jià)的”；priceless“無價(jià)的”；unworthy“不值得的”；worthless“不值錢的”。句意：一旦一幅畫被證明是偽造的，它就變得十分……。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.翻譯題

中國畫是中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的一個(gè)重要分支。使用長毫毛筆，墨汁及水彩在絹紙上創(chuàng)作的傳統(tǒng)中國畫可謂碩果累累，且對中國文化與藝術(shù)有著重要影響。

傳統(tǒng)中國畫可以按其主題分為人物，山水，花鳥畫等，或依據(jù)創(chuàng)作技法區(qū)分為工畫(Meticulous)和寫意畫(Thought-sketching)。

中國畫將詩、書、畫、印結(jié)合起來，構(gòu)成一種程式化形式的藝術(shù)。憑借上述元素，中國畫能夠充分展現(xiàn)B師的藝術(shù)特色，并且增添了其美學(xué)價(jià)值。

【答案】ChinesepaintingisanimportantbranchofChinesetraditionalart.Withusinglonghairpens,inkandwatercolor,traditionalChinesepaintingscreatedonsilkpaperhavebeenfruitfulandhavehadanimportantimpactonChinesecultureandart.

TraditionalChinesepaintingcanbedividedinto,accordingtoitsthemelandscape,figurepainting,landscapepaintingandbirdandflowerpainting,etc.,ordividedintoMeticulouspaintingandThought-sketchingpaintinginaccordancewiththecreativetechnique.

Chinesepaintingcombinespoetry,calligraphy,paintingandprintingtoformastylizedformofart.Withaboveelements,Chinesepaintingcanfullyshowtheartist'sartisticcharacteristicsandadditsaestheticvalue.

9.單選題

Theexcursionwillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義解析。inquiry“查詢”；investigation“調(diào)查”；input“輸入”；insight“洞悉”。句意：這次旅行將會(huì)提供一個(gè)語言和文化的深入了解。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Veryfewscientists（）withacompletelynewanswertotheworld’sproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeon

B.comeup

C.comein

D.comeround

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。comeupwith提出，想出。故答案為B。comeon快點(diǎn)，開始；comearound蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺；comein流行。只有選項(xiàng)B可以和with搭配。句意：很少有科學(xué)家能對這個(gè)世界的問題給出一個(gè)全新的答案。

11.單選題

Recentyearshavebroughtminority-ownedbusinessesintheUnitedStatesunprecedentedopportunities—aswellasnewandsignificantrisks.CivilrightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonswhyBlacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.NowCongress,inapparentagreement,hasrequiredbylawthatbusinessesawardedfederalcontractsofmorethan$500,000dotheirbesttofindminoritysubcontractorsandrecordtheireffortstodosoonformsfiledwiththegovernment.Indeed,somefederalandlocalagencieshavegonesofarastosetspecificpercentagegoalsforapportioningpartsofpublicworkscontractstominorityenterprises.

Corporateresponseappearstohavebeensubstantial.Accordingtofigurescollectedin1977,thetotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesrosefrom$77millionin1972to$1.1billionin1977.Theprojectedtotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesfortheearly1980’sisestimatedtobeover53billionperyearwithnoletupanticipatedinthenextdecade.Promisingasitisforminoritybusinesses,thisincreasedpatronageposesdangersforthem,too.First,minorityfirmsriskexpandingtoofastandoverextendingthemselvesfinancially,sincemostaresmallconcernsand,unlikelargebusinesses,theyoftenneedtomakesubstantialinvestmentsinnewplants,staff,equipment,andthelikeinordertoperformworksubcontractedtothem.If,thereafter,theirsubcontractsareforsomereasonreduced,suchfirmscanfacepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.Theworldofcorporatepurchasingcanbefrustratingforsmallentrepreneurswhogetrequestsforelaborateformalestimatesandbids.Bothconsumevaluabletimeandresources,andasmallcompany’seffortsmustsoonresultinorders,orboththemoraleandthefinancialhealthofthebusinesswillsuffer.

AsecondriskisthatWhite-ownedcompaniesmayseektocashinontheincreasingapportionmentsthroughformationofjointventureswithminority-ownedconcerns.Ofcourse,inmanyinstancestherearelegitimatereasonsforjointventures;clearly,Whiteandminorityenterprisescanteamuptoacquirebusinessthatneithercouldacquirealone.ButcivilrightsgroupsandminoritybusinessownershavecomplainedtoCongressaboutminoritiesbeingsetupas“fronts”withWhitebacking,ratherthanbeingacceptedasfullpartnersinlegitimatejointventures.

Third,aminorityenterprisethatsecuresthebusinessofonelargecorporatecustomeroftenrunsthedangerofbecoming—andremaining—dependent.Eveninthebestofcircumstances,fiercecompetitionfromlarger,moreestablishedcompaniesmakesitdifficultforsmallconcernstobroadentheircustomerbases:whensuchfirmshavenearlyguaranteedordersfromasinglecorporatebenefactor,theymaytrulyhavetostruggleagainstcomplacencyarisingfromtheircurrentsuccess.

31.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

32.Accordingtothepassage,civilrightsactivistsmaintainthatonedisadvantageunderwhichminority-ownedbusinesseshavetraditionallyhadtolaboristhattheyhave______.

33.Thepassagesuggeststhatthefailureofalargebusinesstohaveitsbidsforsubcontractsresultquicklyinordersmightcauseitto______.

34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparedwiththerequirementsoflaw,thepercentagegoalssetby“somefederalandlocalagencies”(inParagraph1)are______.

35.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheauthor’sassertionthat,inthe1970’s,corporateresponsetofederalrequirements(inParagraph2)wassubstantial?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies

B.describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks

C.proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem

D.exploretheimplicationsofafinding

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.beenespeciallyvulnerabletogovernmentalmismanagementoftheeconomy

B.beendeniedbankloansatratescomparabletothoseaffordedlargercompetitors

C.nothadsufficientopportunitytosecurebusinesscreatedbylargecorporations

D.nothadadequaterepresentationinthecentersofgovernmentpower

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm

B.facepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses

C.havetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment

D.increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.morepopularwithlargecorporations

B.morespecific

C.lesscontroversial

D.easiertocomplywith

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Between1970and1972,corporatecontractswithminority-ownedbusinessesdeclinedby25percent.

B.Thefigurescollectedin1977underrepresentedtheextentofcorporatecontractswithminority-ownedbusinesses.

C.Theestimateofcorporatespendingwithminority-ownedbusinessesin1980