考研考博-英語-太原理工大學(xué)現(xiàn)代科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太原理工大學(xué)現(xiàn)代科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!OnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanets,andthousandsofsparklingstars,

Youcanseeevenmorewithatelescope.Youmightseestarswherebeforeyouonlysawdarkspace.Youmightseethatmanystarslooklargerthanothers.Youmightseethatsomestarsthatlookwhitearereallyredorblue.Withbiggerandbiggertelescopesyoucanseemoreandmoreobjectsinthesky.Andyoucanseethoseobjectsinmoreandmoredetails.

Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethingsintheskythatwewillneversee.Wewon'tseethemwiththebiggesttelescopeintheworld,ontheclearestnightoftheyear.That'sbecausethey'reinvisible.They'rethemysteriousdeadstarscalledblackholes.

Youmightfindithardtoimaginethatstarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitupintheskyburningbrightly,givingusheatandlight.TheSuncertainlydoesn'tseemtobegettingoldorweak.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.

Asastar'sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.

Asthestarcools,theouterlayersofthestarpullintowardthecenter.Thestarsquashesintoasmallerandsmallerball.Ifthestarwasverysmall,thestarendsupasacold,darkballcalledablackdwarf.Ifthestarwasverybig,itkeepssquashinginwarduntilit'spackedtogethertighterthananythingintheuniverse.

ImagineiftheEarthwerecrusheduntilitwasthesizeofatinymarble.That'showtightlythisdeadstar,ablackholeispackeD.Whatpullsthestarintowarditscenterwithsuchpower?It'sthesameforcethatpullsyoudownwhenyoujump—theforcecalledgravity.Ablackholeissotightlypackedthatitsgravitysucksineverything—evenlight.Thelightfromblackholecannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.

Sothenexttimeyoustareupatthenightsky,remember：there'smoreintheskythanmeetstheeyes!Scatteredinthesilentdarknessareblackholes—thegreatmysteryofspace.

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatcausesastartodie?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTafact?

3.WhathappensAFTERastardies?

4.Whycan'tyouseelightwhenyoulookatablackhole?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asitsgasesrunout,itcoolsdown.

B.Itcollideswithotherstars.

C.Itcanonlyliveforaboutamillionyears.

D.Asitgetshotterandhotter,itexplodes.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Blackholesaredeadstars.

B.Blackholeshavegravity.

C.Blackholesareinvisible.

D.Thereisnothingasmysteriousasablackhole.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itbecomesinvisible.

B.ItfallstoEarth.

C.Itburnsupallofitsgases.

D.Itbecomesbrighterandeasiertosee.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausemostblackholesaresofaraway.

B.Becausethegravityofablackholeissostrongthatitsucksthelightinward.

C.Becauseasthestar'sgasesburn,itstopsgivingoffheatandlight.

D.Becauseasastarcools,itsouterlayerspullintowarditscenter.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThefutureofourSunbillionsofyearsfromnow.

B.ThedifferencebetweenourSunandadeadstar.

C.Themysteryofblackholesintheuniverse.

D.Thesparklinganddyingstarsinthesky.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)笫五段的第二句"whenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie."當(dāng)氣體耗盡時(shí),恒星停止燃燒并開始死亡。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項(xiàng)A,B,C均是對黑洞正確的描述;選項(xiàng)D描述太絕對,所以不正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)六七段的內(nèi)容可知,當(dāng)恒星死亡后,重力使其向內(nèi)擠壓,最后可能形成黑洞。而黑洞是看不見的,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)策二段的倒數(shù)二三句"Ablackholeissotightlypackedthatitsgravitysucksineverything—evenlight.Thelightfromblackholecannevercomebacktoyoureyes."黑洞是如此的緊湊以至于它的重力吸收一切——甚至光。黑洞發(fā)出的光永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)回到你的眼睛里。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容,本文主要是講黑洞的形成與影響,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.單選題

AlthoughIdon’twishto______yourcontribution,Ifeelwemustplaceitintitsproperperspective.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnify

B.expurgate

C.denigrate

D.belittle

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)magnify表示“放大，贊美”，B項(xiàng)expurgate表示“刪除，刪去”，C項(xiàng)denigrate表示“詆毀，使變黑，玷污”，D項(xiàng)belittle表示“輕視，貶低”。Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，根據(jù)主句的內(nèi)容“我覺得我們必須正確地看待它”可推知，Idon’twishto______yourcontribution表示的是“我不想貶低你的貢獻(xiàn)”。句意：雖然我不想貶低你的貢獻(xiàn)，但我覺得我們必須正確看待它。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Withacandleinhand,hecarefully（）theflightofnarrowstairstohisbedroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asserted

B.ascertained

C.assembled

D.ascended

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。assert斷言，堅(jiān)持，維護(hù)；ascertain查明，確定；assemble聚集，集合；ascend攀登，上升。句意：他手里拿著蠟燭，小心翼翼地登上狹窄的樓梯，來到自己的臥室。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.單選題

Accesstoaffordableandreliableenergysuppliesisanecessary（

）toeconomicdevelopmentandpovertyreduction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facility

B.premium

C.prerequisite

D.feasibility

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。facility意為“設(shè)備”；premium意為“額外費(fèi)用”；prerequisite意為“先決條件，前提，必要條件”；feasibility意為“可行性”。

句意：獲得負(fù)擔(dān)得起、可靠的能源供應(yīng)是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和貧困減少的必要先決條件。

5.單選題

IntheSpringExportCommoditiesFairthe_______offinechinaattractedmuchattentionofeasternersfromallovertheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.succession

B.array

C.string

D.cluster

【答案】C

【解析】succession繼承權(quán);array排列,布局;string系列,一串;cluster群,簇。句意：在春季出口商品交易會(huì)上,一系列精美的瓷器吸引了來自世界各地的東方人的目光。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.翻譯題

Whenproprietaryinformationisaconcern,rememberthatnondisclosureagreementsmaybeapartofone’sspecifications,andthatfirmsmaybeevaluatedbasedontheircompliance.Whilevitaltechnologiesandproductdevelopmentplansmustbeprotected,foreignsourcingpartnersmusthaveadequateinformationtoenablethemtoperformtospecifications.Iftheinformationissimplytoosensitivetoshare,thatmaybeanargumentformakingthe“make”decisionratherthan“buy”inconsideringoutsourcingattheoutset.

【答案】

當(dāng)涉及到專有信息時(shí)，請謹(jǐn)記：保密協(xié)議可作為個(gè)人規(guī)范的一部分，并可基于協(xié)議的遵守情況評估公司。盡管關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品研發(fā)計(jì)劃必須受到保護(hù)，但是國外的采購合作商也必須擁有足夠的信息才能按照規(guī)格操作。如果這些信息太敏感而無法共享，這可能說明，在開始考慮外包時(shí)，需做出“制造”而不是“購買”的決定。

7.單選題

Notuntilthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies（）asaunifiedscience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didecologyemerge

B.whenecologyemerged

C.ecologyemerged

D.whendidecologyemerge

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)notuntil放句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：直到19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初，生態(tài)學(xué)才作為統(tǒng)一的科學(xué)出現(xiàn)。

8.單選題

Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become“better”people,andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.

Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon’tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenumerous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout—oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators.

Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.Butthatisacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesnotexplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either.

Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhighschool.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupsidedown,itseems,andthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollegeexperiences.Perhapscollegedoesnotmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings—maybeit’sjusttheotherwayaround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeopleareonlytheoneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.Andperhapsallthosesuccessfulcollegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeornot.Thisisheresy（異端邪說）tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatiflittleschoolingisgood,morehastobemuchbetter.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningtomountup.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorbelievesthat（

）

2.IntheLine2,the2ndparagraph,“thosewhodon’tfitthepattern”refersto（

）

3.Thedrop-outrateofcollegestudentsseemstogoupbecause（

）

4.Accordingtothepassagetheproblemsofcollegeeducationpartlyarisefromthefactthat（

）

5.Inthispassagetheauthorarguesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peopleusedtoquestionthevalueofcollegeeducation

B.peopleusedtohavefullconfidenceinhighereducation

C.allhighschoolgraduateswenttocollege

D.veryfewhighschoolgraduateschosetogotocollege

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.high-schoolgraduateswhoaren’tsuitableforcollegeeducation

B.collegegraduateswhoaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis

C.collegestudentswhoaren’tanybetterfortheirhighereducation

D.Highschoolgraduateswhofailedtobeadmittedtocollege

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.youngpeoplearedisappointedwiththeconventionalwayofteachingatcollege

B.manyyoungpeoplearerequiredtojointhearmy

C.youngpeoplehavelittlemotivationinpursuingahighereducation

D.youngpeopledon’tliketheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.societycannotprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrainedcollegegraduates

B.highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollegeeducation

C.toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving

D.collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.moreandmoreevidenceshowscollegeeducationmaynotbethebestthingforhighschoolgraduates

B.collegeeducationisnotenoughifonewantstobesuccessful

C.collegeeducationbenefitsonlytheintelligent,ambitious,andquick-learningpeople

D.intelligentpeoplemaylearnquickeriftheydon’tgotocollege

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到不止一代人認(rèn)為接受大學(xué)教育是無可爭議的，所有高中畢業(yè)生都應(yīng)該去上大學(xué)，因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)會(huì)讓他們賺更多的錢，成為更好的人。選項(xiàng)B說過去的人們對高等教育充滿信心，符合題意。

2.第二段第二句話的前半句Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending“既然有差不多一半的高中生都去上大學(xué)”，pattern在這里顯然就是指第一段提到的“上大學(xué)能讓自己變好，賺更多錢”這個(gè)模式，don’fitthepattern就是與之相反的，就是上大學(xué)并沒有使他們變好，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第二段othersfindnosimulationintheirstudies,anddropout是學(xué)生輟學(xué)的原因，因?yàn)樗麄冋也坏綄W(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章第三段主要講高等教育失敗的原因，既有個(gè)人的原因，也有社會(huì)的原因。We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either.這句話主要表達(dá)的意思是社會(huì)無法給畢業(yè)生提供就業(yè)崗位，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到一些敢于挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)的教育家和校園觀察員公開建議說大學(xué)也許不是那些完成高中課程的年輕人最合適的唯一的去處，盡管這種想法被認(rèn)為是異端邪說，但是已經(jīng)有越來越多的證據(jù)來證明其正確性。所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Fivescoreyearsago,agreatAmerican,______symbolicshadowwestand,signedtheEmancipationProclamation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withhis

B.byhim

C.inwhose

D.ofwhom

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.withhis和他的B.byhim通過他

C.inwhose在誰的D.ofwhom誰的

【考查點(diǎn)】非限制性定語從句的用法。

【解題思路】由句子可知，主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以中間部分是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的agreatAmerican（一位偉大的美國人），所以空格處的引導(dǎo)詞只能用who,whom或whose，而symbolicshadow（象征的影像）與agreatAmerican（一位偉大的美國人）是所屬關(guān)系，所以只能用whose。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B選項(xiàng)不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)；

D選項(xiàng)關(guān)系代詞whom使用不正確。

【句意】在一百年以前，有位偉大的美國人簽署了奴隸解放宣言，而今天我們正是立足于他所象征的影像下。

10.單選題

Thepoliceaccusedhimofsettingfiretothebuildingbuthedenied（）intheareaonthenightofthefire.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobe

B.tohavebeen

C.havingbeen

D.be

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。Denydoingsth.“否認(rèn)做過某事”。句意：警察指控他在大廈縱火，但是他否認(rèn)他在場當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Thepolicedetectiveputtogetherthepiecesofevidencetoformone（

）account.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.genuine

C.expressive

D.coherent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的；感覺的”；genuine“真實(shí)的；真正的”；expressive“表現(xiàn)的；有表現(xiàn)力的”；coherent“連貫的；清晰的；一致的”。句意：這位警探將這些證據(jù)拼湊在一起形成一份連貫的報(bào)告。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofraw

materials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。diffuse“擴(kuò)散”；diminish“減少”；terminate“使終止，使結(jié)束”；preclude“排除，妨礙”。句意：如果我們結(jié)束與那個(gè)國家的關(guān)系，我們必須尋找其他原材料提供國。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETaletterofabout150wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:

SupposeyouareinterestedinbeingavisitingscholaratNewYorkUniversity,theUnitedStates.Writeanapplicationletter,statingyourpersonalqualities,accomplishmentsandotherreasonswhyyouareamongthosebestsuitedtolearnatthatuniversity.

【答案】略

14.單選題

Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong（

）oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sponsors

B.contributors

C.advocates

D.performers

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Sponsor“贊助者”；contributor“捐贈(zèng)者”；advocate“倡導(dǎo)者，支持者”；performer“表演者”。句意：很多老師都不再強(qiáng)烈倡導(dǎo)傳統(tǒng)英語教學(xué)法了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Whencompaniesdobusinessoverseas,theycomeincontactwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Theseindividualsoftenspeakadifferentlanguageandhavetheirownparticularcustomandmanners.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

Forexample,inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness.Unlessoneisawareofsuchexpectedbehaviorshemayendupinsultingthepeoplewithwhomhehopestoestablishtraderelations.

Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.Forexample,ifatransactionisconductedwithRussia,paymentmaybemadeinrubles.Ofcourse,thiscurrencyisoflittlevaluetotheAmericanfirm.Itis,therefore,necessarytoconverttheforeigncurrencytoAmericandollars.HowmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.Forexample,therublemaybeworth0.75onMondayand0.72onTuesdaybecauseofanannouncedwheatshortageinRussia.Inaddition,thereisthedilemmaassociatedwithconvertingat0.72.Somefinancialinstitutionsmaybeunwillingtopaythisprice,feelingthattherublewillsinkmuchloweroverthenextweek.Asaresult,conversionmayfinallycomeat0.69.These“l(fā)osses”mustbeacceptedbythecompanyasoneofthecostsofdoingbusinessoverseas.

Athirduniqueproblemistradebarriers.Foronereasonoranother,allcountriesimposetradebarriersoncertaingoodscrossingtheirborders.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.Forexample,theUnitedStatespermitsstrategicmilitarymaterialtobeshippedabroadonlyaftergovernmentpermissionhasbeenobtained.Mosttradebarriers,however,aredesignedtorestrictimport.Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.InFrance,tardybusinesspeople

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,conversionrates

（

）.

4.Theintendedaudienceofthispassageare

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingislikelytobediscussedinthenextparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoSucceedinInternationalTrade

B.MonetaiyConversion

C.TradeBarriers

D.UniqueProblemsinInternationalTrade

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.areofteninsulted

B.oftensufferfromcoldness

C.areoftenleftoutdoorswaiting

D.areoftenaskedtopolishtheirshoes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.arealwaysnotchanging

B.aredeterminedbyfinancialinstitutions

C.areagreeduponbytwotradingcountries

D.varyfromdaytoday

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.professorsofeconomics

B.postgraduatestudentsofinternationaltrade

C.beginnersofbusiness

D.businesspeople

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Exporttradebarriers.

B.Quotasandtariffs.

C.Reasonsforimposingtradingbarriers.

D.Measurestobreakdowntradebarriers.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段先指出“當(dāng)企業(yè)從事海外業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)通常都會(huì)接觸到來著不同文化的人”,后面分別從時(shí)間觀、貨幣兌換以及貿(mào)易壁壘三個(gè)方面舉例闡述并給出建議。故A項(xiàng)“如何在國際貿(mào)易中獲得成功”最適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞tardybusinesspeople定位至第二段:Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness(遲到的外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)人員通常會(huì)遭遇長吋間等候，這也是一種讓他們知道準(zhǔn)吋的重要性的方法)。因此C項(xiàng)“通常需要在門外等候”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞conversionrates定位至第三段:Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday(匯率是由支持貨幣流通的市場情況決定的。因此，盡管匯率每天都會(huì)波動(dòng)，但也會(huì)有一個(gè)既定的比率),故選C“每天都會(huì)變化”。

4.判斷推理題。文章主要討論的是海外貿(mào)易過程中可能遇到的因地區(qū)差異導(dǎo)致的問題,因此推測文章的目標(biāo)受眾是“商業(yè)人士”。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段講到了國際貿(mào)易中的第三個(gè)問題-貿(mào)易壁壘,最后一句指出:Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs(兩種最主要的進(jìn)口壁壘就是配額與關(guān)稅),因此推測下一段將討論“配額與關(guān)稅”。

16.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acold.

B.Aheadache.

C.Ahoarsevoice.

D.Insomnia.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Haveyougotacold?

M:Nope,I’mhoarsebecauseIhavn’tgotenoughsleeplatelyandhavebeensingingalotKTV.

Q:Whatistheman’sproblem?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說：I’mhoarsebecauseIhavn’tgotenoughsleeplatelyandhavebeensingingalotKTV(我嗓子嘶啞，因?yàn)榻谒卟缓茫⑶页嗔丝ɡ璒K)。

17.單選題

FlatswerealmostunknowninBritainuntilthe1850swhentheyweredeveloped,alongwithotherindustrialdwellings,forthelaboringclasses.Thesevastblockswereplainlya（1）meansof（2）socialconsciencebyhousinglargenumbersoftheever-presentpooron（3）citysites.Duringthe1880s,however,theideaoflivingincomfortableresidentialchamberscaughtonwiththe（4）upperanduppermiddle-classes,and（5）astotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofflatlifewasatopicofconversation（6）manya（7）dinnertable.InParisandothermajorEuropeancities,thecustomwherebythebetter-offlivedinapartments,orflats,waswell（8）.Uptothelate19thcenturyinEnglandonlybachelorbarristershadestablishedthe（9）oflivinginroomsneartheLawCourt:anyself-respectingheadofhouseholdwouldinsist（10）aWestEndtownhouseashisLondonhome,thebestthathis（11）couldprovide.

The（12）offlatsforthebetter-offseemstohavedevelopedforanumberofreasons.First,perhaps,throughthe（13）oftherailways,whichhadenabledawide（14）ofpeopletoenjoyaholidaystayinginasuiteatoneoftheluxuryhotelswhichhadbeguntospringupduringthepreviousdecade.（15）,nodoubt,thefactthatmanyoftheearlyluxuryflatsweresimilar（16）hotelsuites,evenbeingprovidedwith（17）diningroomsandcentralboilersforhotwaterandheating.Rentstendedtobehightocoveroverheads,butsavingsweremade（18）bythesecommunalamenitiesand（19）tenantsbeingableto（20）thenumberoffamilyservants.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservative

B.conventional

C.convenient

D.communicative

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.easing

B.decreasing

C.diminishing

D.enhancing

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.compact

B.condensed

C.compressed

D.compatible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.flourishing

B.affluent

C.humble

D.impoverished

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ambiguity

B.controversy

C.prediction

D.compromise

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.through

C.over

D.above

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.launched

B.imposed

C.established

D.enacted

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.tradition

B.anticipation

C.conviction

D.qualification

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.to

C.upon

D.for

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.sense

B.method

C.means

D.duty

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.superiority

B.popularity

C.priority

D.adversity

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.production

B.destruction

C.consumption

D.introduction

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.category

B.ratio

C.proportion

D.range

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Notwithstanding

C.Hence

D.Hitherto

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.as

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.communal

B.mutual

C.concentrated

D.domestic

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.vulnerable

B.available

C.accessible

D.possible

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.from

C.at

D.by

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.shorten

B.reduce

C.shrink

D.increase

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查形容詞辨析。conservative“保守的”；conventional“傳統(tǒng)的，常見的，符合習(xí)俗的”；convenient“方便的”；communicative“愛說話的，健談的”。句意：這些公寓在那時(shí)是用來緩解社會(huì)良知的方便方法，這些房子里當(dāng)時(shí)住著許多窮人。通過把大多數(shù)窮人安置在小公寓里是一種方便的方法。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。ease“減輕，緩解，緩和”；decrease“減少”；diminish“減少，使變小”；enhance“增加”。此處指緩和社會(huì)良知，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查形容詞辨析。compact“袖珍的，緊湊的”；condensed“濃縮的，扼要的”；compressed“被壓縮的”；compatible“兼容的，能共處的”。由citysites可知城市街區(qū)里的公寓是很緊湊的。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查形容詞辨析。flourishing“繁榮的，繁盛的”；affluent“富裕的，豐盛的”；humble“謙虛的，簡陋的，”；impoverished“窮困的，用盡了的”。由“upperanduppermiddle-classes”可知上層階級是富裕的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查名詞辨析。ambiguity“含糊，模棱兩可”；controversy“爭議，爭論”；prediction“預(yù)報(bào)，語言”；compromise“妥協(xié)，和解”。由下文可知此空指的是有關(guān)公布公寓生活的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)的爭論。故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查固定搭配。aroundthetable圍坐在餐桌周圍。

7.考查形近詞辨析。respective“各自的”；respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；respectable“體面的，值得尊敬的，人格高尚的”；respecting“關(guān)于”。富人的餐桌應(yīng)該是體面的，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。launch“發(fā)射，發(fā)起，發(fā)動(dòng)”；impose“強(qiáng)加，征稅，以…欺騙”;establish“建立，確立”；enact“頒布，制定法律”。在巴黎和歐洲其他主要城市，富人住在公寓里的習(xí)俗已經(jīng)建立。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.考查名詞辨析。tradition“傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)慣”；anticipation“預(yù)料，預(yù)想，預(yù)期”；conviction“定罪，確信，證明有罪”；qualification“資格，條件”。句意：到19世紀(jì)末，在英國只有單身律師建立了住在法院附近房子里的習(xí)慣。故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.考查固定搭配。insistupon“堅(jiān)持”。句意：任何有自尊心的戶主會(huì)堅(jiān)持希望在西部小鎮(zhèn)的房子安家。

11.考查名詞辨析。sense“感覺，官能”；method“方法”；means“財(cái)產(chǎn)，方法”；duty“責(zé)任，職務(wù)”。這里指代這些有自尊心的戶主希望能在西部小鎮(zhèn)安家，并且最好他的財(cái)產(chǎn)能夠負(fù)擔(dān)這些費(fèi)用。故C項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查名詞辨析。superiority“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)先性”；popularity“普及，流行，受歡迎”；adversity“逆境，不幸，災(zāi)難”。富人公寓很受歡迎似乎有許多理由。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.考查名詞辨析。production“成品，成果”；destruction“毀滅”；consumption“消費(fèi)，消耗”；introduction“介紹，引進(jìn)，采用”。此處指由于火車的引進(jìn)，許多人度假能夠住在豪華酒店的套房里。

14.考查名詞辨析。category“種類，分類”；ratio“比率，比例”；proportion“比例，占比”；range“范圍，幅度”。awiderangeof“大范圍的，許多不同的”。

15.考查連詞。nevertheless“然而，不過”；notwithstanding“雖然，盡管”；hence“因此”；hitherto“迄今，至今”。句意：因此，不足為奇的是許多早期豪華公寓與酒店套房相似。聯(lián)系上下文可知此處表示因果關(guān)系，前為因，此處表示結(jié)果。故C項(xiàng)正確。

16.考查固定搭配。besimilarto“與…相似的”。

17.考查形容詞辨析。communal“公共的，公社的”；mutual“共同的，相互的”；concentrated“集中的，濃縮的，全神貫注的”；domestic“國內(nèi)的”。由centralboilers中心鍋爐可推知豪華公寓里的餐廳也是公共的，故A項(xiàng)正確。

18.考查形容詞辨析。vulnerable“易受攻擊的，脆弱的”；available“可獲得的，可得到的”；accessible“可進(jìn)入的，易接近的”；possible“可能的”。由thesecommunalamenties可推知這些公共設(shè)施可以幫助租客節(jié)省開支。故D項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查介詞。由and前面的bythesecommunal…可知此空應(yīng)填by。句意：這些公共設(shè)施以及房客通過減少家庭仆人的數(shù)量使得節(jié)省開支成為可能。

20.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。shorten“縮短，減少”；reduce“減少”；shrink“縮小，退縮”；increase“增加”。由savings可推知房客是減少雇傭仆人的數(shù)量。故B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

ItwouldappearthatKennedypursuedapolicyattimesmorerigidthanthatofEisenhower,thathefearedChinamoreintenselyandthatheplacatedChiangKai-shekmoreassiduously.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provascularly

B.arbitratively

C.formidably

D.sedulously

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)provascularly和B選項(xiàng)arbitratively形式的副詞不存在；C選項(xiàng)formidably“強(qiáng)大地；難對付地；可怕地”；D選項(xiàng)sedulously“孜孜不倦地；勤勉地”。句意：肯尼迪奉行的政策有時(shí)似乎比艾森豪威爾的更為嚴(yán)格，他更害怕中國，更積極地安撫蔣介石。assiduously“刻苦地；勤勉地”，D選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.填空題

Thewideapplicationofelectroniccomputersinscienceandtechnologywillfreemanfromthelaborofcomplicatedmeasurementand_______.(compute)

【答案】computation

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】and前后表示并列，橫線處應(yīng)該和measurement都是名詞，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞computers，可知橫線處單詞表示計(jì)算的意思，computation意思為“計(jì)算”，符合語境。

【句意】電子計(jì)算機(jī)在科學(xué)技術(shù)方面的廣泛應(yīng)用將使人們從復(fù)雜的測量和計(jì)算中解放出來。

20.單選題

TheHauntedAmericaCountriesarelikelittlehomes;theyhouseanation,holdideologiesandprovidesshelterandcomforttoitspeopleinhopesthattheoccupantswillnurturebetterideasforthemselvesandfurtherflourishhumanity.Suchareprimarydesiresandgoalsofmostcountriesonthissmallplanet.

Americaisnoexception.Fordecades,billionsofpeoplearoundtheworldsleptatnightonemptystomachsamidstdreadfulcircumstances,oftendreamingofthefreedomsandlibertiesofAmerica,whichtheylikenedtoagreatland,aparadiseandafinaldestinationpoint.

ThebestandbrightestoftheworldgravitatedtothegreatUSAinsearchofgoldenopportunities;inhordestheycame,andenmassetheysettleD.Americabecamethenationwhichacknowledgedgreatnessandprovidedthedrivingforcetoallowthedreamsofsmall,ordinarypeopletotakeformandflourish.Freefromrestrictions,allowinggrandexpressionswithextraordinaryliberties,thatnoothernationinthehistoryofmankindhasbeenabletomatchatsuchagrandscale.

Butcurrently,itseemsthatthishomeoftheAmericannationhasstartedtoresemblethatoldmansion,elegantlypristine（質(zhì)樸的）butknowntobehaunted,sittingattheendofthatdead-endstreetwhereghosts,mysteriousapparitions（幽靈）andunexplainablesignshaveemergeD.Thisplanet,likeanoldstreet,isalreadyfullofsuchhauntedhouses,whichattimesseemabandoned,lifelessandunabletogiveorreceiveneighborlywarmth;factorssocriticalforanycountryontheglobalscene.

CanthisbadlydamagedimageofAmericabefixedtodayandbywhomandatwhatcost?Whatmustitinclude—anewcostume,anewmaskoranewheart?Theseareveryimportantunderlyingquestions,butthebiggestquestionremains—cananentirecountrybebrandedtotherestoftheworldinthesamefashionasabreakfastcerealorlaundrydetergent?

Theanswerisaflatno.Onlythebranding-circuswouldcomeupwithsuchafake,superficial,logo-centric-slogan-happyattempttorebuildanationpaintedwithbannersandbillboards.Inreality,countriescannotbebrandedinsuchasimpleprocessfromthepast,becausenationsarealreadybrandedoverdecadesandcenturiesbytheirhistoriesandculturalinteractionsandexportableidentities.

1.Americausedtobethoughtofas___.

2.Americaisnowlikenedto___.

3.Thewritersuggeststhat___.

4.Accordingtothepassagethat___isNOTtrue.

5.Themainrhetoricaldeviceofthispassageis___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aparadisewithoutautocraticruling

B.aplaceofperfecthappiness

C.alandofmarvelouschances

D.alloftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.anelegantandplainhouse

B.anolddead-endstreet

C.anoldhauntedmansion

D.anabandonedandlifelessplanet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.costumeandhearthavethesamefunction

B.laundrydetergentsharesthefashionofthecountry'sbrand

C.historyestablishesabrandforitscountry

D.logoandsloganplayakeyroleinshapingacountry

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acountryshoulddevelopbetterpolitically

B.depressedpeopleintheworldyearnedforAmerica

C.therearemanyhauntedhousesinAmerica

D.Americacannotbeidentifiedwithitstradition

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.simileandmetaphor

B.parallelism

C.echo-question

D.description

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段“Fordecades,billionsofpeoplearoundtheworldsleptatnightonemptystomachsamidstdreadfulcircumstances,oftendreamingofthefreedomsandlibertiesofAmerica,whichtheylikenedtoagreatland,aparadiseandafinaldestinationpoint.”中文翻譯為：幾十年來，世界上有數(shù)十億人在可怕的環(huán)境中餓著肚子睡覺，經(jīng)常夢想著美國的自由和自由，他們把美國比作一塊偉大的土地，一個(gè)天堂和一個(gè)最終的目的地。以及第三段“Freefromrestrictions,allowinggrandexpressionswithextraordinaryliberties,thatnoothernationinthehistoryofmankindhasbee