【課件】高三非謂語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 課件

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

句子成分1.一般謂語(yǔ)都是由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)

Shegothereatsix.2.有些謂語(yǔ)是由“系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成

Thegirlfeltcold.Heisateacher.句子成分3.有些謂語(yǔ)由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do”構(gòu)成

CanyouspeakFrench?Wemustbecareful.4.如果不及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，則不可以直接加賓語(yǔ)，但可以在不及物動(dòng)詞后加介詞再跟賓語(yǔ)

Wedependonourselves,notothers.一：非謂語(yǔ)使用條件：一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下,還有別的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)Shegotoffthebus,but

leftherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.非謂語(yǔ)不定式（todo)過(guò)去分詞(-ed)-ing動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞-ed分詞二：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有哪些？非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(以動(dòng)詞make為例)

時(shí)態(tài)

語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)-ing一般式完成式-ed一般式

todo一般式完成式進(jìn)行式

making

beingmade

havingmadehavingbeenmade

/

madetomaketobemadetohavemadetohavebeenmadetobemaking/動(dòng)詞-ing：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補(bǔ)不定式：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補(bǔ)√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中通常作什么成分？

Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.若主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)保持形式上的一致。

1、不定式和動(dòng)名詞均能作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

Infact_____isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.itD為避免頭重腳輕，保持句子平衡，用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)todo置于句后。下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作真正的主語(yǔ):Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.1）有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如：P18

2）有些動(dòng)詞后只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如：P22

2、不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可作賓語(yǔ),有何區(qū)別？3）有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有明顯差別，如：P264）有些動(dòng)詞后可用it代替todo做形式賓語(yǔ)

1)Ican’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop

2)Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglostCB

3)LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking

如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,

后面則應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞不定式。

AAfind/think/consider/feel/makeit+賓補(bǔ)(adj./n.短語(yǔ))+todosth.Ifounditimpossibletoanswerallthequestionswithinthetimegiven.我發(fā)現(xiàn)在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)答完所有的問(wèn)題是不可能的。Ourschoolmakesitaruletoturnoffthelights.我們學(xué)校規(guī)定學(xué)生們每晚10：00熄燈。不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)省略to:五看二聽(tīng)一感覺(jué)，三個(gè)使役緊跟著，一個(gè)幫助兩均可，如若主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，該to一定要帶上。3、不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),有何區(qū)別？Thebossevenmadethemworkonweekends.Theywereevenmadetoworkonweekendsbytheboss.

①I(mǎi)heardher______(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.②Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.③IheardtheEnglishsong____

(sing)manytimes.(4)IheardtheEnglishsong____________(sing)whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.

(5)Thepolicemannoticedthesuspect(嫌疑犯)_________(enter)thebank.singsingingsungbeingsungentering現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)與完成；不定式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

例如：①Thequestion__________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.②Thequestion_____________(discuss)atthemeetingnowisofgreatimportance.③Thequestion______________(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisofgreatimportance.discussedbeingdiscussedtobediscussed4、不定式和分詞作定語(yǔ),有何區(qū)別？1.Thefilm_______(direct)byChaplinwasveryinteresting.directed2.Thestreetwascoveredwith_____(fall)leaves.3.Chinaisacountry_________(develop)veryquickly.4.Areyougoingtothemeeting__________(hold)intheteachers’officetomorrow?5.AmeliaEarhartisthefirst_____(fly)acrosstheAtlantic.6.Whydidn’tyouattendthemeeting__________(hold)now?fallendevelopingtobeheldtofly非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的5種形式：doing/beingdonedonetodo/tobedonebeingheldTodo作狀語(yǔ)：P19-20分詞作狀語(yǔ)：P255、不定式和分詞作狀語(yǔ),有何區(qū)別？非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的6種形式：todo/tobedonedoing/havingdonedone/havingbeendone解題技巧：1.判斷是或否考察非謂語(yǔ)2.判斷是否表目的3.判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系4.判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句謂語(yǔ)的先后關(guān)系5.否定not置于非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)前Practice:1).When_______(heat),waterwillbechangedintovapour(水汽).While_______(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)_____(see)fromthehill,thecitylooks

beautiful._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)_________(learn)Englishwell,youneedalargevocabulary.4)______________(finish)theirhomework,thestudentswenthome.5)________________(give)therightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.

heatedheatingSeenSeeingTolearnHavingfinishedHavingbeengiven分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的邏輯主語(yǔ)問(wèn)題

分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須同句子的主語(yǔ)一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)，分詞和它的邏輯主語(yǔ)合稱(chēng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或用狀語(yǔ)從句。

1)

Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hebeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

FTT(Trueorfalse)訂正下列句子:1．Whilelookingatthemap,apoliceofficercameupandaskedifhecouldhelpme.2．Beingafineday,thechildrenwenttothepark.3．Arrivingatthestation,Tom'swalletwasstolen現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別1).Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

A.makingB.makesC.makeD.tomake

2).Hehurriedtothestationonly________thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound

AA

6、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別delighting令人高興的——delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的——disappointed感到

失望的encouraging令人鼓舞—encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的——pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費(fèi)解的——puzzled感到費(fèi)解的satisfying令人滿意的——satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的——surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的——worried感到擔(dān)心的InApril，thousandsofholidaymakersremained____abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A．stickingB．stuckC．tobestuckD．tohavestuck7、不定式何時(shí)用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)下列情況下不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：1．在“主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果句子的主語(yǔ)是do邏輯上的賓語(yǔ)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式。Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.Englishiseasytolearn.2．不定式作定語(yǔ)，與被修飾詞之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而與句中的另一名詞或代詞之間有主謂關(guān)系時(shí)用主動(dòng)式。但如果沒(méi)有這種主謂關(guān)系，則需要用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。Ican‘tgowithyou;Ihaveameeting_______

(attend).IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________(take)toyourson?toattendtobetaken3．在“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Idon'tknowwhattodo.Shewilltellyouwhichbustotake.8、動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成。

1)

LiPing’s/Myhelpinghermovedherdeeply.2)Iappreciateyour/you/LiPing’s/LiPingcomingtoseeme.3)Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthematch?4)Whatmademeangrywasmanystudentsfailingintheexam.

(動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)用賓格或所有格均可)(動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)用所有格)(邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命名詞時(shí),只用普通格)(以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,只用普通格)1)Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling2)________madehermotherveryangry.A.MarymarryingJimB.Mary’smarriedJimC.Mary’smarryingJimD.Mary’sbeingmarriedJimCC9.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Allthingshavebeenconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.Allthingsconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyoursTheguestshadleft,sohebegantotakeashortrest

Theguestshavingleft，hebegantotakeashortrest.Ifweatherpermits，we'llgosightseeing.Weatherpermitting，we‘llgosightseeing.

①一種習(xí)慣用法是：在“名詞/代詞＋介詞短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞/代詞和介詞后面的名詞沒(méi)有任何冠詞或所有格修飾，也不用with引導(dǎo)。LastnightIfollowedhimhereandclimbedin，swordinhand.②獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)也可以由“with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/分詞”構(gòu)成。Withthemachinetodoallthework，wewillfinishourtaskontime.Hestaredather，withhismouthopen.Withhisparentsaway，theboybecamenaughtier.Hestoodatthewindow，withhishandsinhispockets.Allflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecided