高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題詳解及答案

高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題詳解及答案高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題詳解及答案高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題詳解及答案V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題詳解及答案日期：20xx年X月21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himofspeeding.A.chargedB.accusedC.blamedD.deprived[答案]B.accused.[注釋]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有......,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有......deprivesb.ofsth.剝奪某人某事。chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有殺人罪)。22.Mr.Smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.A.attainedB.achievedC.requiredD.acquired[答案]D.acquired.[注釋]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone'sowneffortsorbehavior)(由技術(shù)、能力、努力或行為)獲得;得到：HehasacquiredagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage.(他已精通英語。)achieve,vt.取得(勝利、成功等),實(shí)現(xiàn)(目標(biāo)、目的等)。attain,vt.達(dá)到(目的等),取得(成就等)：1)Ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你會(huì)達(dá)到你的目的。)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.23.Thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.A.actualB.genuineC.realD.original[答案]A.actual[注釋]本題中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)實(shí)際使用過的。actual,read,genuine是同義詞,有時(shí)可以互換,如：anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(歷史上的真實(shí)事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真鈔票),其反義詞是false(假的);original(原來的),其反義詞是duplicate(復(fù)制的)。從不同的角度看,似乎任何一個(gè)選擇都說得過去,但按照題意選A.actual最佳,因?yàn)轭}中強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是鋼琴的真假,而是指作曲家“實(shí)際使用過的”。本題譯文：這是作曲家創(chuàng)作他的一些杰出作品時(shí)實(shí)際使用過的那臺(tái)鋼琴。24.Mycameracanbe_____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.treatedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.remedied[答案]C.adjusted.[注釋]adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;makesuitableorconvenientforuse)強(qiáng)調(diào),調(diào)節(jié),使適應(yīng);Thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身體能自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)溫度的變化。)Myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛還沒有適應(yīng)黑暗。)本句中adjust是不及物動(dòng)詞。Imustadjustmywatch.It'sslow.(我必須調(diào)一下我的表。它走得慢了。)25.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_____ofmaturity.A.fulfillmentB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment[答案]B.achievement[注釋]achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,達(dá)到,成就。例如：achievementage智力成熟年齡。fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,實(shí)行。如：Hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfilmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困難去履行他得職責(zé)。)establishment建立,建設(shè)。Accomplishment(順利)完成：Itwasagreataccomplishmenttofinishthehousecleaningintwodays.(兩天內(nèi)打掃完這棟屋子是件很了不起的事。)26.Thenumberoftickets_____willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.A.adaptableB.acceptableC.advisableD.available[答案]D.available.[注釋]available.(=capableofbeingused;thatmaybeobtained)可用的,有效的,可得到的。例如：1)Therearenodoctorsavailableintheremoteareas.(在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)沒有大夫。)2)Thereticketsareavailableforonmonth.(這些票有效期一個(gè)月。)acceptable可以接受的：Noneofthesuggestionswasacceptable.advisable明智的,可取的,適當(dāng)?shù)模篒thinkitadvisablethathebeassignedtothejob.(我認(rèn)為指派他干這項(xiàng)工作是可取的。)adaptable能適應(yīng)的：Heisanadaptablemanandwillsoonlearnthenewwork.27.Toomanyhotelshavebeenbuiltandthishas_____prices,makingholidayscheaper.A.cutshortB.cutoutC.cutoffD.cutdown[答案]D.cutdown.[注釋]cutdown參閱III,38注釋。28.Heisaveryhonestofficialandnever_____anygiftsfromthepeoplewhosoughthishelp.A.acceptedB.receivedC.tookupD.excepted[答案]A.accepted[注釋]receive收到,接到,指“收,接”這一動(dòng)作;而accept是經(jīng)過考慮“接受”下來,表示當(dāng)事人的態(tài)度,如：Ireceivedthepresent,butIdidnotacceptit.(我收到了這件禮物,但我沒有接受。)29.Hewasnot_____totheclubbecausehewasn'tamember.A.allowedB.admittedC.permittedD.approved[答案]B.admitted.[注釋]admitsb.to(=allowsb.orsth.toenter;letin)允許某人某物進(jìn)入;讓......進(jìn)入：1)Childrenarenotadmitted.(兒童免進(jìn)。)Onlyonehundredboysareadmittedtotheschooltheschooleveryyear.(這所學(xué)校每年只收100名男生。)admit(=acknowledge;confess)承認(rèn),供認(rèn)：1)Wehavetoadmitthatheisahighlycompetentman.(我們不得不承認(rèn)他是一位能力很強(qiáng)的人。)2)Thethiefadmittedhiscrime.3)Sheadmittedhavingreadtheletter,4)Iadmitbreakingthewindow.注意admit后可接動(dòng)名詞的一般式或完成式。5)Wemustadmitthetasktobedifficult。注意admit也可以接復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。allow和permit后均可接sb.todosth.,故不合本題題意。approvesth.批準(zhǔn);approveofdoingsth.(=thinkwellof)贊成,贊許：1)Iamafraidtheywon'tapproveofyourgoingthere.(恐怕他們不會(huì)贊成你去那里的。)2)Idon'tapproveofyourwayoflookingatthings.(我不贊同你看待事情的方法。)30.Althoughhedoesn'tlikethatlaw,hewill_____withit.A.confineB.conformC.complyD.contend[答案]C.comply[注釋]complywith遵守。31.Motorists_____ofspeedingmaybebannedfromdrivingforayear.A.convictedB.arrestedC.chargedD.judged[答案]A.convicted.[注釋]beconvictedto被判有......(罪)：Hewasconvictedofmurder.(他被法院判有謀殺罪。)32.Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyisthathehasa_____attitude.A.changeableB.alternateC.movableD.flexible[答案]D.flexible.[注釋]flexible靈活的,可變通的;Weneedaforeignpolicythatismoreflexible.33.Willallthose_____theproposalraisetheirhandsA.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.infavorof[答案]D.infavorof.[注釋]infavorof贊成。inexcessof超過。inrelationto關(guān)系到。incontrastto與......相對(duì)照。例如：1)Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavoroftheparty.(=Allofthechildrenvotedtohaveaparty.)2)Wegot$5000inexcessofthefixedsum.(我們盯定額多收入5000美元。)3)Thisappearssmallincontrastto(with)that.(這個(gè)同那個(gè)對(duì)比起來顯得小了。)4)Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.(我對(duì)那件事有許多話要說。)5)Wemustplanin(with)relationtothefuture.(我們定計(jì)劃時(shí)要考慮到將來。)本題譯文：請(qǐng)所有贊成此項(xiàng)建議的人舉手。34.Anearlytypewriterproducedlettersquicklyandneatly;thetypist,_____couldn'tseehisworkonhismachine.A.howeverB.thereforeC.yetD.although[答案]A.however.[注釋]however然而。本題譯文：早期的打字機(jī)打起字來又快又整齊,然而打字員不能看著機(jī)器鍵盤打字。35.Weareinterestedintheweatherbecauseit_____ussodirectly------whatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.A.benefitsB.guidesC.affectsD.effects[答案]C.affects.[注釋]affect(=haveaninfluenceoreffecton)影響：Theclimateaffectedhishealth.(氣候影響[損害]了他的健康。)[注意]affectvt.影響。effectn.(=influent)影響,作用：Somefilmshaveamisleadingeffectonchildren.effectvt.(=bringabout)實(shí)行,進(jìn)行,產(chǎn)生......后果:1)Iwilleffectmypurpose:no-oneshallstopme!2)Wehopetoeffectanimprovement.(我們希望能引起改進(jìn)。)注意兩個(gè)常用的習(xí)語:1)tothateffect那個(gè)意思的(話)：Shesaidshehatedspinach,orwordstothateffect.(她說她不喜歡吃菠菜或那個(gè)意思的話。)2)totheeffectthat...意思時(shí)說,表示下述意思：Isaidafewwordstheeffectthatallhehadtolduswasalreadywellknown.(我說了幾句話,意思是說他告訴我們的一切都已眾所周知。)36.Icanmeetyouateighto'clock;_____youcancallforme.A.incidentallyB.actuallyC.alternativelyD.accordingly[答案]C.alternatively[注釋]alternatively(=asanalternative)作為一個(gè)替代辦法：Ifhoweverisused,butisnotneeded;oralternativelyomithowever.(如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作為一個(gè)替代辦法省去however。)[注意]alternately和alternatively的區(qū)別:alternately(交替地)：AtaChinesedinner,theguestsandthehostssitalternatelyataroundtable.37.Hehasthe_____ofanathlete:hereallygoesallouttowin.A.instantsB.instancesC.instinctsD.intelligences[答案]C.instincts.[注釋]instinct天生的本領(lǐng)。instantn.瞬間,時(shí)刻;adj.立即的,直接的。如：instantcoffee速溶咖啡;instantfood(s)方便食品。例如：Spaceshipsarestockedwithavarietyofinstantfoods.(宇宙飛船上備有各種個(gè)樣的方便食品。)38.Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhich_____degreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewardsB.awardsC.grantsD.presents[答案]B.awards.[注釋]awardssb.sth.授于某人某物。如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.(他們授于約翰