新概念英語第二冊語法：英語時(shí)態(tài)用法表

PAGE3時(shí)態(tài)名稱表示時(shí)間表達(dá)的意義例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作Classbeginsateighteverymorning狀況Helookstired.瞬間動(dòng)作Therecomesthebus過去描述過去的事實(shí)，以求描繪的生動(dòng)性Theriverriseshigherandhigher,breaksthebanksandfillsalllowplaces.將來固定不變或不易變的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)TomorrowisSunday.（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Whenhearrives,we’llgoouttomeethim.不受時(shí)間限制的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Thesunrisesintheeast.Practicemakesperfect.一般過去時(shí)過

去某時(shí)（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）的動(dòng)作HetraveledinEuropelastyear.狀態(tài)HewasinBeijingsomeyearsago.習(xí)慣動(dòng)作WhenIwasatcollege,Iwrotehomeonceaweek.先后一連串動(dòng)作Hewenttotown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.現(xiàn)在或?qū)矸钦鎸?shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，屬虛擬的語氣范疇It’stimewewent.Ifhearrivedtomorrow,Ishouldmeethimattheairport.時(shí)態(tài)概念時(shí)態(tài)名稱表示時(shí)間表達(dá)的意義例句一般將來時(shí)將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，更多地用于帶有條件從句的主句中Hewillcomenextweek.I’llaskherassoonasshecomes.狀態(tài)Yourdresswillbereadysoon.現(xiàn)

在預(yù)測現(xiàn)在某事可能要發(fā)生了It’seleveno’clock.Marywillbeinbedbynow.現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣Alionwillneverattackanelephant.現(xiàn)在的需要ShallIhelpyou?對將來的事情現(xiàn)在作出決定—Whichshirtdoyouwant?—I’lltaketheblueone,please.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)

在某時(shí)（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Heiswritingaletternow.SheisvisitingBeijingthisweek.婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣I’mhopingtohearfromyousoon.帶有感情色彩的敘述Theboyisalwaystalkinginclass.將來按計(jì)劃一般不易變更的動(dòng)作Thetrainisleavingat11:00p.m..（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示將來的動(dòng)作Whenyouarecyclingalongthestreet,don’tforgetthetrafficlight.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過

去某時(shí)（或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight.故事發(fā)生的背景Thewindwasblowinganditwasraininghard.帶有感情色彩的敘述Hewasmakingtroubleallthetime.過去說話前不久的動(dòng)作Iwastellinghimhismotherwasill.婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣Iwashopingyoucouldhelpme.過去將來時(shí)過去間接引用某人過去的話和想法Hewarnedusthatthejourneywouldbedangerous.習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作Atdusk,theseoldladieswouldsitinrockingchairsandtalk.現(xiàn)

在非真實(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyFrench.客氣的請求Wouldyoumindhelpingme?愿望Iwouldlikeacupoftea.時(shí)態(tài)名稱表示時(shí)間表達(dá)的意義例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成用法現(xiàn)在時(shí)間前完成的動(dòng)作留下的結(jié)果或影響Hehasturnedoffthelight.IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.現(xiàn)在時(shí)間前已做的動(dòng)作Heisreadingshebookthathehasboughtrecently.（在時(shí)間或條件從句中）表示在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間前先要做完的動(dòng)作I’llreturnthebooktoyouassoonasIhavefinishedit.未完成用法直到現(xiàn)在為止尚未完成的動(dòng)作HehaslivedinBeijingsincelastsummer.過去完成時(shí)完成用法過去某一時(shí)訓(xùn)或某一事件前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnedtwelveunits.HehadbeeninthiscollegeforfiveyearsbeforeIcametostudy.未完成用法過去某一時(shí)刻或某一事件前已發(fā)生但未完成的動(dòng)作ByDecemberlastyear,hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears.HehadbeeninthiscollegeforfiveyearsbeforeIcametostudy.其他用法表示非真實(shí)的，想象的過去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)IwishIhadtoldhimaboutit.Ifthehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolate.英語中將來時(shí)的表示形式

表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在英語中用將來時(shí)，將來時(shí)在英語中有多種表達(dá)形式，為了掌握它們的區(qū)別和用法，下面筆者對它們進(jìn)行分類總結(jié)。形式動(dòng)作行為時(shí)間發(fā)生語氣和情態(tài)意義和用法例句will/shall+v主觀或客觀近期或遠(yuǎn)期含有情態(tài)的色彩（意想，決心），表示在將來某一時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。可用于表示不以人們的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的事。TomorrowwillbeSunday.

Tomwillbe20nextyear.

Willyougotothepartytonight?tobegoingto+v主觀近期主語的意圖表示即將發(fā)生的事或最近打算進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。多用于口語中，表示說話者的意圖，推測和打算，可表示自然和生理現(xiàn)象。Ithinkitisgoingtorain.

Sheisgoingtohaveababy.

Theyaregoingtogetmarriednextweek.

Thebridgeisgoingtocollapse.be+ving客觀近期較婉轉(zhuǎn)表示按計(jì)劃和安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞多是一些“來去”移動(dòng)詞，如：go,come,leave,start,move,sail,arrive,reach,stop,return,stay,drive,travel,remain,land等。Presidentisspeakingontheairtonight.

HeisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.

Theplaneislandingsoon..tobeto+v客觀或主觀近期或遠(yuǎn)期職責(zé)和義務(wù)表示按計(jì)劃，安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或征求對方的意見或表示命令。受人們的意志所支配。比較正式。AmItogoonwiththework？Wearetoturnout10000carsnextyear.Youaretotakethe

trip.v客觀近期表示根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)刻預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。一般有時(shí)間狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作是不可改變的，動(dòng)詞多是那些表“來去”“起止”的動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,begin,close,come,depart,dine,end,go,leave,meet,open,part,start,sail,stay,stop,return等，可用表狀態(tài)的"be"，表示年齡和日期。一般用于肯定句。Theplaneleavesatsix.Thistermstartson1stSeptember.TomorrowisSaturday.IamfiftyinMay.will/shallbe+ving客觀或主觀近期或遠(yuǎn)期語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，沒有情態(tài)的色彩表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，有弦外之意，表示事情的正常進(jìn)程，在計(jì)劃之中。Iwillbeseeinghimthismorning.（Doyouwantmetodos