大視野背景經(jīng)典藍扁平化商務(wù)PPT模板

RockMassClassificationUNIT10RockMassClassificationUrbanUndergroundSpaceEngineeringHebeiUniversityofEngineeringClass12-02Group1NewWordsandExpressions先看單詞或短語RefertoP92AdditionsrockboltsteelsetscivilengineeringRQDheading/faceNATMwiremeshshotcreteparameterstressfieldspanspallslabrockbrustRMRblastbenchWhatWhyHowWho怎么閱讀ForExample①[Duringthefeasibilityandpreliminarydesignstagesofaproject,whenverylittledetailedinformationontherockmassanditsstressandhydrologiccharacteristicsisavailable],

theuseofarockmassclassificationschemecanbeofconsiderablebenefit.②

Atitssimplest,thismayinvolveusingtheclassificationschemeasacheck-listtoensurethatallrelevantinformationhasbeenconsidered.

③

Attheotherendofthespectrum,oneormorerockmassclassificationschemecanbeusedtobuildupapictureofthecompositionandcharacteristicsofarockmasstoprovideinitialestimatesofsupportrequirements,andtoprovideestimatesofstrengthanddeformationpropertiesoftherockmass.①Itisimportanttounderstandthattheuseofarockmassclassificationschemedoesnot(andcannot)replacesomeofthemoreelaboratedesignprocedures.However，②theuseofthesedesignproceduresrequiresaccesstorelativelydetailedinformationoninsitustress，

rockmasspropertiesandplannedexcavationsequence，

noneofwhichmaybeavailableatanearlystageintheproject.③

Asthisinformationbecomesavailable，theuseoftherockmassclassificationschemes

shouldbeupdatedandusedinconjunctionwithsitespecificanalyses.LET’SGOPartOneEngineeringRockMassClassification工程巖體分類P88-89EngineeringRockMassClassification工程巖體分類Introductions讀前介紹PartTwoTerzaghi’sRockMassClassification太沙基巖體分類P89-90Terzaghi我是太沙基太沙基

KarlTerzaghi1883～1963現(xiàn)代土力學(xué)奠基人?集教、研究、實踐于一體

重視工程實踐對土力學(xué)的發(fā)展?麻省理工維也納高等工業(yè)學(xué)院倫敦帝國學(xué)院哈佛大學(xué)?名譽博士學(xué)位9個

獲ASCE最高獎諾曼獎4次(唯一)?專設(shè)太沙基獎與太沙基講座(最頂尖)IntactRock完整巖StratifiedRock層狀巖ModeratelyJointedRock中度節(jié)理巖BlockyandSeamyRock塊狀、有裂縫巖CrushedbutChemicallyIntactRock碎片巖（未受化學(xué)擾動）SqueezingRock擠壓巖SwellingRock膨脹巖Descriptions相關(guān)描述PartThreeClassificationsInvolvingStand-upTime隧洞自穩(wěn)時間分類P90SeveralConcepts幾個概念Unsupportedspan無支護跨度

1max(spanoftunnel,distancebetweenthefaceandthenearestsupport)NATM新奧法2NewAustrianTunnelingMethodSeveralArguments幾個觀點aThestand–uptimeforanunsupportedspanisrelatedtothequalityoftherockmassinwiththespanisexcavated.bAnincreaseinthespanofthetunnelleadstoasignificantreductioninthetimeavailablefortheinstallationofsupport.cNATMincludesanumberoftechniquesforsafetunnelinginrockconditionsinwhichthestand-uptimeislimitedbeforefailureoccurs.dIndesigningsupportforhardrockexcavationsitisprudenttoassumethatthestabilityoftherockmasssurroundingtheexcavationisnottime–dependent.PartFourRockQualityDesignationIndex(RQD)巖石質(zhì)量指標（RQD值）P90-91RQD什么是RQDPurpose目的

AQuantitativeestimate提供一種數(shù)值評價方法Definition定義BPercentofpieceslongerthan100mm大于100mm巖心長度百分比Measure方法CAtleastNWsizedouble-tubecorebarrel標準尺寸(直徑54.7mm)雙層巖心管Calculation計算方法Lengthofcorerun:200cmRQD=(38+17+20+35)/200×100%=55%Forexample38.017.03.020.035.01.0

Lengthofcorerun:200cmRQD==(60+36+17+1)/200×100%=(64)%Tryatry60.05.010.036.017.015.060+36+17+1564Calculation計算方法Palmstrom’srelationshipforclay-freerockmasses（不含粘性土的巖體）RQD=115?3.3JvJv——forthesumofthenumberofjointsperunitlengthforalljointChangedbytheboreholeorientationUsevolumetricjointcounttoreducethisdependence.！Attention注意事項Deere’sRQD——Whenusingdiamonddrillcore,caremustbetakentoensurethatfracturescausedbyhandingorthedrillingprocess,areidentifiedandignored.12Palmstrom’sRQD——Forexposuremapping,blastinducedfracturesshouldnotbeincludedwhenestimatingJv.ConclusionRQD總結(jié)NorthAmerica（北美）Deere’sRQDhasbeenwidelyused,particularlyinNorthAmerica,forthepast25years.SomeattemptedtorelateRQDtoTerzagh