考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Mr.Duffyraisedhiseyesfromthepaperandgazedoutofhiswindowonthecheerlesseveninglandscape.TheriverlayquietbesidestheemptydistilleryandfromtimetotimealightappearedinsomehouseonLucanRoad.Whatanend!Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhimanditrevoltedhimtothinkthathehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred.Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach.Notmerelyhadshedegradedherself;shehaddegradedhim.Hissoul’scompanion!Hethoughtofthehobblingwretcheswhomhehadseencarryingcansandbottlestobefilledbythebarman.JustGod,whatanend!Evidentlyshehadbeenunfittolivewith,withoutanystrengthofpurpose,aneasypreytohabits,oneofthewrecksonwhichcivilizationhasbeenreared.Butthatshecouldhavesunksolow!Wasitpossiblehehaddeceivedhimselfsoutterlyabouther?Herememberedheroutburstofthatflightandinterpreteditinaharshersensethathehadeverdone.Hehadnodifficultynowinapprovingofthecoursehehadtaken.

Asthelightfailedandhismemorybegantowander,hethoughtherhandtouchedhis.Theshockwhichhadfirstattackedhisstomachwasnowattackinghisnerves.Heputonhisovercoatandhatquicklyandwentout.Thecoldairmethimonthethreshold;itcreptintothesleevesofhiscoat.WhenhecametothepublichouseatChapelBridgehewentinandorderedahotpunch.

Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk.Therewerefiveorsixworkingmenintheshopdiscussingthevalueofagentleman’sestateinCountyKildare.Theydrankatintervalsfromtheirhugepinttumblers,andsmoked,spittingoftenonthefloorandsometimesdraggingthesawdustovertheirheavyboots.Mr.Duffysatonhisstoolandgazedatthem,withoutseeingorhearingthem.Afterawhile,theywentoutandhecalledforanotherpunch.Hesatalongtimeoverit.Theshopwasveryquiet.Theproprietorsprawledonthecounterreadingthenewspaperandyawning.Nowandagainateamwasheardswishingalongthelonelyroadoutside.

Ashesatthere,livingoverhislifewithherandevokingalternatelythetwoimagesonwhichhenowconceivedher,herealizedthatshewasdead,thatshehadceasedtoexist,thatshehadbecomeamemory.Hebegantofeelillatease.Heaskedhimselfwhatelsehecouldhavedone.Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest.Howwashetoblame?Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom.Hislifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died,ceasedtoexist,becameamemoryifanyonerememberedhim.

1.Mr.Duffy’simmediatereactiontothereportofthewoman’sdeathwasthatof（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthereporterwroteaboutthewoman’sdeathina（

）manner.

3.Theword“obsequiously”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans

（

）.

4.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatMr.Duffywasina(n)

（

）

mood.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

問題1選項

A.disgust

B.guilt

C.grief

D.compassion

問題2選項

A.detailed

B.provocative

C.discreet

D.sensational

問題3選項

A.compassionately

B.servilely

C.feverishly

D.passionately

問題4選項

A.angry

B.fretful

C.irritable

D.remorseful

問題5選項

A.Mr.Duffyonceconfidedinthewoman.

B.Mr.Duffyfeltanintensesenseofshame.

C.Thewomanwantedtoendtherelationship

D.Theybecameestrangedprobablyafteraquarrel.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“Duffy先生對關(guān)于這個女人死亡的報告的即刻反應(yīng)是什么”。文章第一段第四句話提到“關(guān)于她死亡的整個敘述令他厭惡”（Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhim），第五句話提到報到者用謹慎的語言掩蓋了粗俗的死亡，讓他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此選項A“反感”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過文章可知，報道者用……方式報道了那個女人的死亡”。文章第一段第五句話提到報到者用謹慎的語言掩蓋了粗俗的死亡，讓他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此，選項C“謹慎的”符合題意。

3.詞義題。題目問的是“單詞obsequiously的意思是……”。文章第三段第一句話提到“店主……地為他服務(wù)但是不敢跟他說話”（Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk），根據(jù)店主服務(wù)客人的原則可以推測店主是非常殷勤的，因此選項B“屈從地”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從文章最后一段我們可得知Duffy先生的心情……”。文章最后一段提到“他不能與她公開生活。他做了看起來對他最好的事情?！保℉ecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）；“他的生活將會一直孤獨，直到死亡”（islifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died），說明Duffy先生非常后悔當(dāng)初的做法，選項D“后悔的”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“通過文章可知下列哪個表述不正確”。文章第一段提到“他曾經(jīng)跟她說過……”（hehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred），因此選項A可以排除；文章最后一段提到“現(xiàn)在，她死了，他明白了她先前的生活是那么孤獨……”（Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom），以及“他不能與她公開生活。他做了看起來對他最好的事情?！保℉ecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）能推斷Duffy先生內(nèi)心的悔恨，選項B可以排除；文章第一段提到“她的突然離開”（heroutburstofthatflight）可推測他們之間有過爭吵，選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

（

）isforbiddeninsomestatesintheUnitedStatesforreligiousreasons,whileitispermittedinsomeotherstates.

問題1選項

A.Conception

B.Abortion

C.Delivery

D.Perception

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項Conception“懷孕”；B選項Abortion“墮胎，流產(chǎn)”；C選項Delivery“分娩”；D選項Perception“感知”。

句意：由于宗教原因，美國有些州禁止墮胎，而有些州允許墮胎。選項B更符合語境。

3.單選題

[A]Allpeopledevelopattitudesonpublicissues:somemaynotbeinterestedinandotherssimplymaynothearaboutthem.Theattitudesthatareformedmaybeheldforvarious[B]reasons.Thus,fourmenmayallbeopposedtohigherpropertytaxes[C]butforverydifferentreasons.Onemanmaybeforhighertaxesinprinciple,buthe[D]opposesthembecauseheishavingtroublepayingthemortgageonhishouse.

問題1選項

A.Allpeople

B.reasons

C.but

D.opposes

【答案】A

【解析】考查語義。由冒號后句意“有些人可能不感興趣，而另一些人可能根本就沒聽說過”可知并不是所有人對公眾問題持有看法。應(yīng)將A選項allpeople改為notallpeople。

4.單選題

（

）foralongtime,thefieldsarealldriedup.

問題1選項

A.Therehasbeennorain

B.Havingnorain

C.Therehavingbeennorain

D.Therebeingnorain

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。逗號后面的是一個完整的句子，所以前面應(yīng)該用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，再根據(jù)foralongtime可知要用到完成時，所以選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

問題1選項

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。opulently“富裕地，豐裕地”；excessively“過分地，極度”,強調(diào)的是超過合理范圍的；consistently“一貫地，一致地”；exceedingly“極其，非?！?，相當(dāng)于very。句意：如果你在電梯里盯著陌生人看，你會讓別人極其不舒服，并且你自己也會覺得很奇怪。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Inhisspeech,thepresidentemphasizedthatthechallengetoman’sfuturecanneverbemetbymaking______adjustmentshereandthere.

問題1選項

A.adventurous

B.assiduous

C.marginal

D.moderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項adventurous“愛冒險的，大膽的，充滿危險的”，B項assiduous“刻苦的，勤勉的”，C項marginal“微不足道的，不重要的，邊緣的”，D項moderate“穩(wěn)健的，溫和的，適度的”。根據(jù)句子意思“在他的演講中，總統(tǒng)強調(diào)，人類未來的挑戰(zhàn)永遠不能通過到處的……調(diào)整來應(yīng)對”可知，四個選項中只有marginal符合語境。句意：總統(tǒng)在演講中強調(diào)，人類未來所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)不可能通過到處的微小調(diào)整來應(yīng)對。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

7.單選題

Mrs.Brownissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

問題1選項

A.toleave

B.tobeleaving

C.tohaveleft

D.tohavebeenleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查suppose的用法。時間狀語是lastweek，說明是為了強調(diào)過去的時間，所以應(yīng)該用完成時，Brown女士是主動離開，所以選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

WhileIcouldnot（）thewordsoutsidethethickglasswindows,theirmiddlefingersspokeloudly.

問題1選項

A.wearout

B.setout

C.makeout

D.findout

【答案】C

【解析】考查語義關(guān)系。A選項wearout“耗盡、疲乏”；B選項setout“動身、出發(fā)”；C選項makeout“理解、辨認”；D選項findout“查明、找出”，句意為：厚厚的玻璃窗外的話我聽不清，但他們的中指豎了起來。因此選項C符合題意。

9.單選題

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

問題1選項

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A項observe“觀察，遵守”，B項memorize“記住，背熟”，C項comment“發(fā)表評論，發(fā)表意見”，D項request“要求，請求”。句意：讀者應(yīng)遵守圖書館的各項規(guī)定，注意自己的行為舉止。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項正確。

10.單選題

Goodthingsaredividedintothreeclasses:(1)externalgoods,(2)goodsofthesoul,and(3)goodsofthebody.Ofthese,wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.Butinspeakingof“soul”,werefertooursoul’sactionsandactivities.Thus,ourdefinitionofgoodtallieswiththisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.Wearealsorightindefiningtheendasconsistingofactionsandactivities;forinthiswaytheendisincludedamongthegoodsofthesoulandnotamongexternalgoods.

Alsotheviewthatahappymanliveswellandfareswellfitsinwithourdefinition:forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.

Moreover,thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.Forsomepeoplethinkthathappinessisavirtue,othersthatitispracticalwisdom,othersthatitissomekindoftheoreticalwisdom;othersagainbelieveittobeallorsomeoftheseaccompaniedby,ornotdevoidof,pleasure;andsomepeoplealsoincludeexternalprosperityinitsdefinition.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestgoodsarethosethat（）.

2.Theword“tallies”inline4means（）.

3.Theauthor’sdefinitionofhappinessinparagraph2isrelatedtothedefinitionofgoodinthat（）.

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinthelastparagraphisto（）.

問題1選項

A.createprosperity

B.arespiritual

C.areintellectual

D.createhappiness

問題2選項

A.keepscount

B.records

C.labels

D.corresponds

問題3選項

A.livingagoodlifewillbringyouhappiness

B.happinessisthesameasgoodness

C.happinessisoftensacrificedtoattainthegood

D.allthingsthatcreatehappinessaregoodthings

問題4選項

A.showthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentdefinitionsofhappiness

B.provideguidelinesforgoodbehavior

C.provethathisdefinitionofhappinessisvalid

D.explainrelationshipbetweenhappinessandgoodness

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.”，我們把與靈魂相關(guān)的美好事物稱為最高的意義?？膳袛喑鲎詈玫氖挛锞褪蔷裆系拿篮?。選項B符合題意。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…thisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.”，這樣的觀點已經(jīng)流行了很長一段時間，并且哲學(xué)家們也贊成?？膳袛喑鑫覀儗τ诿篮玫亩x符合這一觀點。keepscount“計數(shù)”，record“記錄”，label“標(biāo)記”；correspond“符合，一致”。選項D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.”，我們幾乎把幸福定義為一種美好的生活和幸福?？赏茢喑錾詈托腋５穆?lián)系為：美好的生活會帶來幸福。選項A符合題意。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.”，一個人對幸福特征的觀念都包含在我們的定義中。可知作者對自己的定義是持堅定態(tài)度。下文繼續(xù)列舉了人們對幸福的種種定義，可推斷出作者在最后一段證明他對幸福的定義是正確的。選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Manyanimalshave（）thathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Thecoatsofsomeanimalsarecoloredtoadapttoitssurroundings.

問題1選項

A.adaptations

B.acquisitions

C.adjustments

D.additions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。adaptation“適應(yīng)”;acquisition“獲得，收購”;adjustment“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”；addition“添加，增加”。that后面是一個定語從句，用來修飾空格處的名詞，“幫助它們逃脫敵人”，由此可知選項A符合題意。句意：很多動物具有適應(yīng)性，能夠幫助它們逃脫敵人。有些動物的皮毛能夠適應(yīng)周邊環(huán)境而變色。

12.單選題

Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe_______，andtherefore____externalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.

問題1選項

A.learned...immuneto

B.innate...unaffectedby

C.intricate...belongto

D.specific...confusedwith

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義和動詞詞組解析。learned“有學(xué)問的”；innate“與生俱來的”；intricate“復(fù)雜的，錯綜的”；specific“明確的，詳細的”。immuneto“不受……影響的”；unaffectedby“不受影響的”；belongto“屬于”；confusedwith“對……困惑”。句意：一些動物的行為，比如交配行為，似乎是與生俱來的，不受外來因素影響的，比如氣候變化，食物供給或者同一物種其他動物的存在。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.Thebroadoutlinesaredrawn,theproperperspectiveachieved,andthetotalimpactofthepicture-to-becanbepartiallyappreciatedinadvance.Soitiswiththedesignofresearch;itspecifiesinadvancethekindsofstatementsthatcanbemadeonthebasisofitsfindingsandfixtheperspectivesagainstwhichthesefindingsaretobeevaluated.

Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.Constructionofthedesignwasguidedbythisgoalofexploringnewmethodsintheanalysisofjuveniledelinquency.However,researchtechniquedevelopedinonecontentcannotbemechanicallytransferredtoanother.Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.

Juveniledelinquencyhasbeenthesubjectofmanypreviousstudiesusingavarietyofresearchtechniques.Thisstudymakesanadditionalcontributionbyusingadesignspeciallyplannedtopermitacomparisonofseveralapproaches.Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.Itwasfoundthatmoststudiescouldbeclassifiedasbelongingstudyandpersonalmotivationstudy.

Eachtypehasitscharacteristicdesignandmodeofinterpretationandeachhasproducedinformationofconsiderableimportance.Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.

1.Thephrase"theproject"（Paragraph3）refersto（）.

2.InParagraphOnetheauthordrawsananalogybetween（）.

3.Themajorcontributionofthisstudyisto（）.

4.Thesubjectunderdiscussioninthepassageisabout（）.

5.Threedesigntypesofpreviousresearchesare（）.

問題1選項

A.anextensiveresearchoncrime

B.afullexplorationofresearchdesigns

C.anelaborateinvestigationintonewtechniques

D.acomprehensiveresearchofjuveniledelinquency

問題2選項

A.aresearchandanartist

B.doingresearchanddrawingasketch

C.designingaresearchandmakingasketch

D.researchfindingandpicture’sperspectives

問題3選項

A.carryoutacomprehensiveanalysisofjuveniledelinquency

B.developanewresearchtechniqueeasilytransferredfromoneareatoanother

C.modifycreativelythepreviousresearchfindingofjuveniledelinquency

D.demonstratethesuccessfulapplicationofnewresearchtechniquesinanewarea

問題4選項

A.aresearchdesignconcerningjuveniledelinquency

B.applicationofanalogyinstudyingjuveniledelinquency

C.crimeandjuveniledelinquency

D.extensivesurveyofresearchersinjuveniledelinquency

問題5選項

A.interrelatedtoeachother

B.supplementarytoeachother

C.tobemodifiedconsiderably

D.tobeintegratedintoonedesign

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第三段Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.該研究設(shè)計的制定得益于項目早期對以往犯罪研究的廣泛調(diào)查?？芍@個項目早期就已經(jīng)對青少年犯罪進行了廣泛的研究。故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。由第一段Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計的一個很好的類比就是藝術(shù)家在將他的視覺交付給畫布之前所畫的草圖?？芍司鋵⒆鲅芯吭O(shè)計與藝術(shù)家畫草圖進行類比。故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“contribution”可定位到第二段Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.一項研究技術(shù)的新應(yīng)用需要實質(zhì)性的變化，而本研究的貢獻正是這些創(chuàng)新的改進。可知C項“創(chuàng)造性地改進了以往關(guān)于青少年犯罪的研究成果?！闭_。

4.主旨大意題。文章開頭就表明了主題是關(guān)于研究設(shè)計的。再由第二段Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.這項研究的一個主要目的是證明新的社會研究技術(shù)是否能夠幫助拓寬和加深有關(guān)青少年犯罪的知識。故A項“關(guān)于青少年犯罪的研究設(shè)計”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.然而，在任何研究中都沒有試圖將這三種設(shè)計類型中的一種或多種集成起來。很明顯,試點研究的一個主要的貢獻是方法和實質(zhì)性的結(jié)果將使三種類型的研究整合到一個設(shè)計中，從而將調(diào)查結(jié)果聯(lián)合起來，并評估這些調(diào)查結(jié)果在為實踐者提供數(shù)據(jù)中的相對重要性?？芍@三種類型的研究將被整合到一個設(shè)計中。故D項正確。

14.單選題

Heisholdinga（）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

問題1選項

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一個（）職位，他期望能夠盡快升職。

subordinate下級的，次要的；succeeding以后的；successive連續(xù)的，接替的；subsequent后來的，隨后的。根據(jù)后半句“他期望能夠盡快升職”推測，A項subordinate次要的符合句意。

15.翻譯題

1.科學(xué)家是一小群努力洞悉自然,在表面的雜亂無序中尋求規(guī)律的人,他們具有特殊的能力進行思考與分析,具有無限的耐心進行觀察與收集數(shù)據(jù)。

2.當(dāng)時我們所面臨的最關(guān)鍵的問題是熟練勞動力的缺乏,用以培訓(xùn)這種勞動力的大學(xué)師資不足,以及我們的大學(xué)中由于用于教育和科研的師資和現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備短缺造成的研究能力衰退。

3.科學(xué)是講求實際的。科學(xué)是老老實實的學(xué)問,來不得半點虛假,需要付出艱巨的勞動。同時,科學(xué)也需要創(chuàng)造,需要幻想,有幻想才能打破傳統(tǒng)的束縛,才能發(fā)展科學(xué)。

4.如果你著手干一番事業(yè)而失敗了,不要喪失信心?！拔沂×巳巍迸c“我是一個失敗者”之間有著天壤之別。只要你對自己不持否定的想法,不把自己與失敗等同起來,而是試圖從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn),你很可能在未來取得成功。

【答案】1.Scientistsareagroupofpeoplewhopossessspecialabilitiestothinkandanalyzethingsandhaveendlesspatienceinobservinganddatacollecting.Theyalltrytodiscernthenatureandfindoutregulationsthroughthedisorderlyappearance.

2.Themostvitalproblemswefacedwithatthattimeweretheshortageoflaborers,thelackofuniversityteachersinthetrainingofthoselaborers,andthedeclineintheresearchingcapabilitycausedbythelackofuniversityteachersandmodernequipmentusedforeducationandtechnologyresearch.

3.Sciencealwaysfocusesonrealities.Itneedstheconscientiousrequirementforknowledgeandpermitsofnofalse.Meanwhile,itinvolvespeople’screationandimagination.Andimaginationcanbreakthelimitationoftraditionsanddevelopthescienceconstantly.

4.Don’tbedisappointedifyoufailinthecareeryouhavedone.Theword“Ihaveexperiencedfailureforthreetimes”isabsolutelydifferentfromtheword“Iamaloser”.Aslongasyoudon’tdenyyourself,donotidentifyyourselfwiththefailure,andtrytolearnsomethingfromyourfailure,youwillbelikelytosucceedinthefuture.

16.單選題

Intheletter,myfriendsaidthathewouldlovetohavemeasaguestinhis（）home.

問題1選項

A.humble

B.obscure

C.inferior

D.lower

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項humble“謙遜的，簡陋的”，B項obscure“昏暗的，晦澀的”，C項inferior“自卑的，下等的”，D項lower“下方的，下級的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞home（家，住宅）可知，空格處填入“簡陋的”最合適。句意：在信中，我的朋友說他很愿意我在他簡陋的家里做客。因此，該題A項正確。

17.單選題

Johnsaidthathedidn’tquite（）andaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

問題1選項

A.snatchup

B.summonup

C.catchon

D.watchout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項snatchup“奪取，抓起”，B項summonup“鼓起，喚起”，C項catchon“理解，變得流行”，D項watchout“小心，提防”。根據(jù)后面的句意“要我重復(fù)我說過的話”可知，空格部分表示“明白，理解”，只有C項符合。句意：約翰說他不太明白，要我重復(fù)一遍剛才說的話。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

18.單選題

Thechallengesthesesuper-tallbuildingsfaceareplentiful,requiringenormousfinancialresources,sophisticatedengineeringskills,a（）willamongstallpartiesinvolvedtomakeithappenandfinallypeoplewillingtowork,live,useandpayforthemonadailybasis.

問題1選項

A.consolidated

B.consoled

C.consoling

D.consolidating

【答案】A

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。consolidated“鞏固的，統(tǒng)一的”；console“安慰”；consoling“可安慰的”；consolidating“鞏固，合并”。句意：這些超高層建筑面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，需要大量的資金、復(fù)雜的工程技術(shù)，在所有相關(guān)的各方中都有一個統(tǒng)一的意愿來完成它。最后人們每天為它工作、生活，使用它并且為它付款。選項A符合題意。

19.翻譯題

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好書常如最精美的寶器，珍藏著人生的思想的精華；因為人的生活世界主要是他的思想世界。因此，最好的書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶庫，這些良言和思想若銘記于心并多加珍視，就會成為我們忠實的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士說過：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤獨?！?/p>

在我們受到誘惑的時候，美好真實的思想可以作為一種仁慈的視角，凈化和保護我們的靈魂。這同樣孕育著行為的萌芽，因為金玉良言總能激勵善行。

20.單選題

Hisinabilitytolearnforeignlanguagewasan（

）tohiscareer.

問題1選項

A.shortage

B.disturbance

C.occurrence

D.obstacle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortage“短缺”；disturbance“打擾”；occurrence“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；obstacle“障礙”。句意：他沒有學(xué)習(xí)外語的能力，這成為他職業(yè)生涯的一個障礙。根據(jù)上下文句意可知D項符合題意，答案D

21.單選題

Weneedachairman（）.

問題1選項

A.forwhomeveryonehasconfidence

B.inwhomeveryonehasconfidence

C.whoeveryonehasconfidenceof

D.whomeveryonehasconfidenceon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們需要一個每個人都對他有信心的主席。

語法題?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。空格前面部分結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)完整，而且結(jié)合選項可知，空格部分是定語從句。由“haveconfidenceinsomebody”表示“對某人有信心”可知，先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，即whom指代chairman，并且將介詞in提前。故選B。

22.單選題

Youwillhavetoworkhardto（

）

thetimeyoulost.

問題1選項

A.makeuseof

B.makeupfor

C.makewayof

D.makeroomfor

【答案】B

【解析】makeuseof利用；makeupfor彌補,補償；makewayfor讓路,為...開路；makeroomfor為...騰出空位。句意:你必須努力工作來彌補你失去的時間。選項B符合句意。

23.單選題

Thegovernmentistryingtohelptheseenterprisesoutofthe（）byvariousmeans.

問題1選項

A.flight

B.plight

C.delight

D.twilight

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析。flight航班，航機；plight境況，困境；delight高興，快樂；twilight黃昏，黎明。plight放在此處比較適合,outoftheplight意為“走出困境”。

24.單選題

Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.

問題1選項

A.embody

B.impersonate

C.personify

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】embody使具體化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify賦予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,設(shè)想。句意：身份盜竊可以簡単地歸類于信用卡盜竊，也可以是更復(fù)雜的方案，比如竊賊可以一次冒充數(shù)百人。選項B符合句意。

25.單選題

Somewomenaremotivatedtowork（）professionalinterestsandadesiretocontributetosociety.

問題1選項

A.becauseof

B.asto

C.regardlessof

D.inspiteof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。A選項becauseof“因為；由于”；B選項asto“至于，關(guān)于；就……而論”；C選項regardlessof“不顧，不管”；D選項inspiteof“不管、雖然、盡管、不顧”。句意：有些婦女工作的動機是（）職業(yè)興趣和為社會做貢獻的愿望。B、C、D選項不符合句意，因此A選項正確。

26.單選題

Theyhavereduced（

）inthelabormarketbyallowingemployersandprospectiveemployeestoconnectmoreeasilythaneverbefore.

問題1選項

A.incentive

B.budget

C.aggression

D.friction

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。incentive“刺激，動機”；budget“預(yù)算”；aggression“侵略，侵犯”；friction“摩擦”。句意為：雇主和潛在雇員之間的聯(lián)系較從前變得更加容易，通過采用這一方式，他們減少了勞動市場中的摩擦。選項D符合句意。

27.單選題

Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledbytheirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.

OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.Asyoungboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesignedanewspaper-foldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicycle-repairshop.In1896,whentheyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.

Lilienthal,apioneerinhang-gliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesireddirection.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficientmethodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1990and1901,theWrightstestednumerousglidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers’inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerfortheglidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.

Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurvedsurfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodelwings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthebrotherstodesignamachinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthan$1,000.

Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsion―alightweightgasolineengine.WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.Theplanemanagedtostayaloftfor12seconds,however,anditflew120feet.

By1905,theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalfanhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsandhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirsttobuildafull-sizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemostoutstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathersofaviation.

1.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas（

）tosomepeople.

2.SomepeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad（

）.

3.TheWrights’interestinflightgrewintoa（

）.

4.Lilienthal’sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas

（

）

theWrights.

5.Theoldtableswere（

）andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.

問題1選項

A.boring

B.distasteful

C.exciting

D.needless

E.answernotavailable

問題2選項

A.actedwithoutthinking

B.beennegativelyinfluenced

C.beentoocautious

D.beenmistaken

E.actedinanegativeway

問題3選項

A.financialempire

B.plan

C.needtoact

D.foolishthought

E.answernotavailable

問題4選項

A.provenwrongby

B.oppositetotheideasof

C.dislikedby

D.acceptedby

E.improvedby

問題5選項

A.destroyed

B.invalidated

C.multiplied

D.approved

E.notused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.”可知駕駛飛機的想法令一些人反感。因此B選項“使人不愉快的，令人反感的”符合題意。A選項“無聊的”；C選項“令人興奮的”；D選項“不必要的”：E選項“沒有答案”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.”這類人稱最早的飛機發(fā)明人萊特兄弟是沖動的傻瓜，可知一些人認為萊特兄弟做事沖動，不經(jīng)思考，因此A選項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.”萊特兄弟對飛行的興趣發(fā)展成一種強迫行為，因此C選項符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers”這種想法對萊特兄弟而言是令人反感的，可知這種想法不被萊特兄弟喜歡，因此C選項符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.”舊表被及時廢除，取而代之的是第一個可靠的曲面氣壓數(shù)據(jù)，因此B選項“使無效，失效”符合題意。

28.單選題

SeveralofAsianprofessorswhospokeattheconferenceexpressedtheirsupportfortheideaofholdingaspecialmeetinginPerthtofacilitatemultinational