考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京服裝學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京服裝學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

B.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromChineseintoEnglish.(3x5)

1.我們既要綠水青山，也要金山銀山。寧要綠水青山，不要金山銀山。我們絕不能以犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境為代價(jià)換取經(jīng)濟(jì)的一時(shí)發(fā)展。

2.國(guó)際社會(huì)也期待中美關(guān)系能夠不斷改善和發(fā)展。中美兩國(guó)合作好了，就可以做世界穩(wěn)定的壓艙石、世界和平的助推器。

3.我們相聚在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)版圖持續(xù)變化和全球增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力大轉(zhuǎn)型的重要時(shí)刻。這一轉(zhuǎn)變帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)和不確定性，同時(shí)也蘊(yùn)含機(jī)遇。

【答案】1.Wewantclearwaterandgreenmountains,andwealsowantprosperityandwealth.Wewanttheformerratherthanthelatter....wemustneversacrificetheecologicalenvironmentforthetemporaryeconomicdevelopment.

2.TheinternationalcommunityalsoexpectsthecontinuousimprovementanddevelopmentofChina-USrelations.WhentheUSandChinaworktogether,wecanbeananchorofworldstabilityandapropellerofworldpeace.

3.Wealsometatatimeofcontinuedshiftsandprofoundtransformationsintheconfigurationoftheglobaleconomiclandscapeanddynamicsforgrowth.Withthesetransformationscomechallengesanduncertaintiesaswellasopportunities.

2.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

42.我認(rèn)為，人之首要任務(wù)便是設(shè)法自立，如此，就能免除他人負(fù)擔(dān)其生活。另外，學(xué)會(huì)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、細(xì)心的態(tài)度從事有意義的工作，其本身就是非常重要的一課，在其他一切人生追求中能體現(xiàn)出它的作用。當(dāng)你想做其他事情，卻仍能投身于你不喜歡的工作，這種習(xí)慣是無(wú)價(jià)的。

假若年輕時(shí)，我能夠培養(yǎng)自己有這個(gè)習(xí)慣，就能避免浪費(fèi)許多時(shí)間了。

【答案】

Ibelievethatthefirstbusinessofamanistofindwaysofsupportinghimself,inwhichheshallrelieveothersoftheburdenofhisexistence.Inaddition,learningtodomeaningfulworkwithrigorandcareisaveryimportantlessoninitself,anditcanplayaroleinallotherpursuitsoflife.Itisainvaluablehabitthatwhenyouwanttodosomethingelse,youareabletodevoteyourselftoajobthatyoudon’tlike.

HadIcultivatedmyselftohavethehabitinmyyouth,Imighthaveavoidedwastingmuchtime.

3.單選題

（

）ofthegrasslanddwellersoftheNorthAmericancontinentistheantelope,orpronghorn.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Typical

B.Thetypical

C.Typicalis

D.While

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝句。分析句子可知，這是一個(gè)倒裝句，正常的語(yǔ)序是：theNorthAmericanantelope，orpronghornistypicalofthegrasslanddwellersofthecontinent。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：美洲羚羊，又叫叉角羚，是北美大陸典型的草原動(dòng)物。

4.單選題

The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.（1）,"Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.

Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.（2）.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessnoneofthem.

（3）Somecountriesareperhapswelloffinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry’speople.（4）.Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumedwithinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.（5）.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwouldotherwisebelacking.Acountry’swealthis,therefore,muchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity,providedthatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled

B.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse

C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth

D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.

E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries

F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:F

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一句提到“任何國(guó)家的‘生活水平’是指國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的商品和服務(wù)的平均份額”，空格后關(guān)鍵詞“wealth財(cái)富”可推斷中間內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和財(cái)富”有關(guān)，C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)椋粋€(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平首先取決于其創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力”符合題意，故選C。

2.文章第二段第一句提到“一個(gè)國(guó)家創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力取決于許多因素，其中大多數(shù)因素相互影響”，空格后提到“世界上有些地區(qū)的煤炭和礦物供應(yīng)充足，土壤肥沃，氣候宜人，其他地區(qū)則沒(méi)有?！蓖茢嘀虚g內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是闡述“財(cái)富與煤、礦產(chǎn)等資源的關(guān)系”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“財(cái)富在很大程度上取決于一個(gè)國(guó)家的自然資源，如煤炭、黃金和其他礦產(chǎn)、供水等”符合題意，故選F。

3.空格后提到“有些國(guó)家自然資源雖然很豐富，但由于多年來(lái)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和一些其他原因一直無(wú)法開(kāi)發(fā)其資源”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述“自然資源與開(kāi)發(fā)自然資源的能力”，B項(xiàng)“排在自然資源后的是將自然資源轉(zhuǎn)化使用的能力”符合題意，故選B。

4.空格前文提到“另外一個(gè)重要因素是一個(gè)國(guó)家人民技術(shù)效率”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述與“技術(shù)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容”，A項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)培訓(xùn)了許多熟練工人和技術(shù)人員的工業(yè)化國(guó)家比其他工人不熟練的國(guó)家更有能力創(chuàng)造財(cái)富”符合題意，故選A。

5.空格前文提到“一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平不僅取決于在本國(guó)境內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的財(cái)富，而且還取決于通過(guò)國(guó)際貿(mào)易間接生產(chǎn)的財(cái)富”，空格后提到“貿(mào)易使她剩余的制成品能夠在國(guó)外進(jìn)行貿(mào)易，以換取自身所缺乏的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品?！笨赏茢嗫崭裉帯皯?yīng)該列舉一個(gè)例子”由此導(dǎo)出下文的結(jié)論，D項(xiàng)“例如，如果它只能依靠國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)，英國(guó)在食品和其他農(nóng)產(chǎn)品方面的財(cái)富要少得多”符合題意，故選D。

5.單選題

Einstein’stheoryofrelativityseemed______whenitwasfirstintroduced.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressive

B.unaccountable

C.inconsistent

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)impressive“感人的；令人欽佩的；給人以深刻印象的”；B選項(xiàng)unaccountable“無(wú)責(zé)任的；莫名其妙的；不可理解的”；C選項(xiàng)inconsistent“不一致的；前后矛盾的”；D選項(xiàng)incredible“不能相信的，難以置信的；極好的，極大的”。句意：愛(ài)因斯坦的相對(duì)論剛被提出時(shí)似乎令人難以置信。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主義的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human–relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeageanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalaryhutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain--bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow—competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfoildevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis（）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.susceptibility

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.”，可知總的來(lái)說(shuō)，我們的社會(huì)正在變成一個(gè)由官僚主義管理下的大型企業(yè)，在這種管理下，人成了機(jī)器上一個(gè)小小的、潤(rùn)滑的機(jī)械化齒輪?？膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為與社會(huì)其他部分相比，人是一個(gè)不重要的部分。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.”，可知他們從生到死從來(lái)沒(méi)有面對(duì)過(guò)人類作為情感和智力獨(dú)立和有生產(chǎn)力的人存在的基本現(xiàn)實(shí)?？膳袛喑龉と撕凸蛦T焦慮的真正原因是他們被剝奪了個(gè)性和獨(dú)立性。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.”，可知社會(huì)地位較高的人也同樣焦慮。他們的生活和他們的下屬一樣空虛?？膳袛嗟匚桓叩娜撕偷匚坏偷娜硕纪瑯咏箲]，選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow—competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.”，可知這種不斷地證明自己與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手一樣優(yōu)秀或比對(duì)手更好的需要，造成了不斷的焦慮和壓力，而這些正是不快樂(lè)和疾病的根源。選項(xiàng)C可排除。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystem…intoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfoildevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.”，可知作者建議把社會(huì)變成一種以人為本的工業(yè)主義，人與潛能的發(fā)展，即所有的愛(ài)和理性的潛能，是社會(huì)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。可判斷出作者建議使人能成分發(fā)揮他的潛能。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題。文章一開(kāi)始提到了在工業(yè)化社會(huì)中，人們變得渺小，成為這個(gè)社會(huì)大型企業(yè)的一個(gè)機(jī)械齒輪，工人和雇主都變得焦慮。上層人士和底層的工人在工業(yè)化的社會(huì)中都感到焦慮和不安，沒(méi)有任何幸福感可言。可判斷出作者用大量的篇幅闡述了工業(yè)化社會(huì)帶來(lái)的消極影響，所以作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是不滿的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas“thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.TheEnglishdonotapproachlifeintellectually;theydonotdemandthatitshallconformtosomerigidmentalplan;theyarenotconvincedthattheuniversecanbepenetratedbythought;theyarewillingtogotowork,eitherinpoliticsorart,withoutatheorytosustainthem;andwhentheyaremorepracticalthanotherraces,itisnot-asthoseracesfrequentlyconclude—becausetheyarecoldlyclear-sightedandunimaginative,butbecausetheydonotbusythemselvesaskingreasontofindakeywheninstincthasalreadyshownthemthatthedooriswideopen.

【答案】幽默能被很好地定義為“一邊誠(chéng)摯地感受，一邊有趣地思考”。英國(guó)人不肯理智地對(duì)待生活。他們不要求人生必須符合某種死板的計(jì)劃，他們也不相信宇宙會(huì)被透徹地思考研究。他們?cè)敢庠跊](méi)有理論支持的情況下從事政治或藝術(shù)工作。并且當(dāng)他們比別的民族更實(shí)際的時(shí)候，事實(shí)并不是因?yàn)樗麄兡苤挥蓄^腦冷靜、缺乏想象力像別的民族得出的結(jié)論那樣，而是因?yàn)楫?dāng)本能已經(jīng)告訴他們門是打開(kāi)的時(shí)候，他們沒(méi)有忙著讓理性去找出鑰匙。

8.單選題

Theremarkable（

）oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwinto

establishhistheoryofevolution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。classification“分類，類別”；variety“多樣化”；density“密度”；diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣”。句意：加拉帕戈斯群島上生物顯著的多樣性激發(fā)了達(dá)爾文去建立自己的進(jìn)化論。由后半句“激發(fā)了達(dá)爾文去建立自己的進(jìn)化論”可推知該島上的生物是多樣的。答案B

9.單選題

AttitudesonthetwosidesintheRevolutionaryWarprecludedthepossibilityofapeacefulsolution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presaged

B.prejudiced

C.anticipated

D.prevented

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:雙方對(duì)美國(guó)革命戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度決定了不可能通過(guò)和平的方式解決問(wèn)題。

presage:預(yù)感，預(yù)言。prejudice:偏見(jiàn)。anticipate:預(yù)期，期望。prevent:阻止，妨礙，。preclude:阻止,妨礙,排除。故選D。

10.單選題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywherealtitudesareconcerned（1）.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddleclasspeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers'jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.（2）,havinggivenhiswifeher“housekeeping”，wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillis―inclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasamostimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlawshavemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".（3）.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

（4）.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.（5）Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillreappear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast

B.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid

C.Ideaaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow

D.Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople

E.Classdifferenceshavebeeneliminatedforcenturiesinalmostallsocietiesaroundtheworld

F.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:F

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.前文含義“但是，在某些方面變化很小，特別是在某些高度上”可推斷此處應(yīng)是對(duì)“verylittlehaschanged”的舉例，C項(xiàng)含義為“關(guān)于社會(huì)階層的問(wèn)題，即一個(gè)人是否為工人階級(jí)或中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，就是一個(gè)變化非常緩慢的領(lǐng)域”，符合題意，故選C。

2.前文含義為“在過(guò)去，工人階級(jí)的工資往往低于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，如教師和醫(yī)生。基于這一點(diǎn)以及工人工作的不安全性，人們生活方式和態(tài)度出現(xiàn)了明顯的差異。”下文舉例，空格后文的含義為“給一部分給妻子作為生活開(kāi)支，剩下的出去喝酒和賭博”可知此處為工人階級(jí)的做法，選項(xiàng)F含義為“典型的工人階級(jí)男人們，在周五晚上領(lǐng)薪水，大部分人認(rèn)為…”符合上下文，故選F。

3.前文含義為“如今變化很大，在大多數(shù)情況下，工廠工人的收入可以與他們的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)主管持平。社會(huì)保障和法律也使人們不再擔(dān)心“明天”?？崭窈笪牡暮x為“事實(shí)上，在過(guò)去的幾年里，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)對(duì)自己的地位感到羞愧的趨勢(shì)越來(lái)越明顯。”可推斷此處可能與“工人階級(jí)對(duì)自己過(guò)去的社會(huì)地位的感覺(jué)”相關(guān)，A項(xiàng)含義為“工人階級(jí)似乎在慢慢失去過(guò)去的那種自卑感”符合上下文，故選A。

4.空格后文的含義為“他們通常在音樂(lè)和衣服上有著相似的品味，為了玩得很開(kāi)心他們?cè)敢饣ㄥX，必要時(shí)還會(huì)為假期或長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃儲(chǔ)蓄。與前幾代相比，差異似乎要小得多。”此處可能為對(duì)某種變化的舉例。選項(xiàng)D的含義為“生活方式和態(tài)度的變化很可能很容易在年輕人中看到”符合上下文，故選D。

5.空格后文的含義為“只要這種差距存在，就永遠(yuǎn)有可能出現(xiàn)新的沖突和猜忌，或者舊的沖突在不同的群體之間再次出現(xiàn)”可推斷空格處應(yīng)與某種差異相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B的含義為“然而，在高薪（無(wú)論他們有什么樣的工作）和低薪者之間仍然有很大的差距”符合上下文，故選B。

11.單選題

Operationswhichleftpatients（

）andinneedoflongperiodsofdiscoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhausted

B.unhealthy

C.upset

D.fearful

【答案】A

【解析】句意:以前，病人手術(shù)后精疲力竭，需長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能恢復(fù)，現(xiàn)在的手術(shù)卻讓他們感到輕松和舒適。

形容詞辨析。Exhausted精疲力竭的;unhealthy不健康的;upset苦惱的;fearful擔(dān)心的，可怕的。因此A符合句意。

12.單選題

Contagiousyawningisthoughttobeanevolvedmechanismforkeepinggroupsalertsotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.watchful

B.incontinent

C.stifled

D.vigorous

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.watchful注意的；警惕的B.incontinent（大小便）失禁的

C.stifled壓制D.vigorous充滿活力的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，for和so都是表示原因，那么推知forkeepinggroupsalert與sotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger是相近的意思，alert在這表示“警覺(jué)，警惕”，同樣vigilant也表示“警惕”，所以A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】傳染性打哈欠被認(rèn)為是一種進(jìn)化的機(jī)制，以保持群體的警惕，從而保持對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的警惕。

13.單選題

Aspoliticalfanatic,hehasfoughtwithrevolutionariesallovertheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incumbent

B.candidate

C.zealot

D.jealousy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)incumbent“在職者，現(xiàn)任者”，B項(xiàng)candidate“候選人，候補(bǔ)者”，C項(xiàng)zealot“狂熱者，猶太教狂熱信徒”，D項(xiàng)jealousy“嫉妒，猜忌”。句意：作為一個(gè)政治狂熱分子，他曾與世界各地的革命者斗爭(zhēng)過(guò)。根據(jù)句意可知，fanatic在句中表示“狂熱分子”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

14.翻譯題

Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint,however,weallbegintoquestionourheroesandourneedforthem.Thisleadsustoask:Whatisahero?

Despiteimmensedifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristicsthatinstructandinspirepeople.

Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryofadventuretotellandacommunitywhowilllisten.Butaherogoesbeyondmerefame.

Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves.Likehigh-voltagetransformersheroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedbyordinarypeople.

Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewhoimitateagenuineheroexperiencelifewithnewdepth,enthusiasm,andmeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomtheyserve?Whataretheywillingtoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswerorevidencesuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous,butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?

【答案】【參考譯文】

就像大多數(shù)我的同齡人一樣，我也有英雄崇拜的弱點(diǎn)。然而，在某些時(shí)候，我們都開(kāi)始質(zhì)疑我們的英雄，以及我們究竟是否需要他們。這讓我們不禁發(fā)問(wèn)：什么是英雄？

盡管文化差異巨大，但世界各地的英雄通常都有一些共同的特點(diǎn)，那就是他們可以指導(dǎo)和激勵(lì)人們。

英雄總會(huì)做一些值得談?wù)摰氖?。英雄有要講出來(lái)的冒險(xiǎn)故事，有愿意傾聽(tīng)的團(tuán)體。但英雄不僅僅是一個(gè)名號(hào)。

英雄服務(wù)于比自己更強(qiáng)大的力量或原則。就像高壓變壓器一樣，英雄將更高的能量向下拉，于是普通人就可以使用。

英雄的生活值得模仿。那些模仿真正英雄的人會(huì)以新的深度、熱情和意義體驗(yàn)生活。對(duì)于想要成為英雄的人，需要問(wèn)為什么或?yàn)檎l(shuí)服務(wù)？愿意為什么而生，為什么而死？如果答案或證據(jù)表明他們只為自己的名聲服務(wù)，他們可能是名人，但不是英雄。麥當(dāng)娜和邁克爾?杰克遜都很有名，但誰(shuí)會(huì)說(shuō)他們的粉絲因此而發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的生活更加豐盛呢？

15.單選題

Mutualrespectforterritorial______isoneofthebasesuponwhichourtwocountriesdeveloprelationships.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unity

B.integrity

C.entirely

D.reliability

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。unity“統(tǒng)一”；integrity“完整，正直”;entirely“完全地”；reliability“可靠性”。句意：對(duì)領(lǐng)土完整的相互尊重是兩國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)之一。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplay（）rolesinraisingchildren.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incapable

B.indispensable

C.insensible

D.infinite

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。incapable“不能的，無(wú)能力的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；insensible“昏迷的，無(wú)知覺(jué)的”；infinite“無(wú)限的，無(wú)窮的”。句意：在中國(guó)的家庭當(dāng)中，祖父母和其他的親戚在養(yǎng)育孩子方面起著必不可少的作用。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

ChinatownhasbeenthecenterofSanFrancisco’sChinesecommunitysincethe1850s.Itsboundarieshaveexpandedsignificantlysincethe1960s,andtheneighborhoodsbuilttherearegenerallyaffluent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plentiful

B.attractive

C.friendly

D.wealthy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。affluent表示“富裕的，豐富的”；A項(xiàng)plentiful“豐富的，許多的”，B項(xiàng)attractive“吸引人的”，C項(xiàng)friendly“友好的”，D項(xiàng)wealthy“富裕的”。句意：自19世紀(jì)50年代以來(lái)，唐人街一直是舊金山華人社區(qū)的中心。自20世紀(jì)60年代以來(lái)，它的疆界大幅擴(kuò)張，在那里建造的社區(qū)一般都很富裕。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

18.單選題

Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms（）backasearlyaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustbesent

B.willbesent

C.aresent

D.besent

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這些申請(qǐng)表應(yīng)盡早地寄回，這很重要。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。Itisessentialthat+從句，從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形的，而且should可以省略。另外，applicationforms和send之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此，從句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是：shouldbesent。

19.單選題

Theirclaimstodamageshavenotbeenconvincingly（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuted

B.overwhelmed

C.depressed

D.intimidated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)refute“反駁，駁斥”，B項(xiàng)overwhelm“淹沒(méi)，壓倒”，C項(xiàng)depress“壓抑，使沮喪”，D項(xiàng)intimidate“恐嚇，威脅”。根據(jù)句子意思“他們對(duì)損害賠償?shù)囊筮€沒(méi)有被令人信服地（）”可知，空格部分填入refute表示“駁倒”最符合句意。句意：他們提出的損害賠償要求沒(méi)有被有說(shuō)服力地駁倒。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Proteinsynthesisbeginswhenthegeneencodingaproteinisactivated.Thegene’ssequenceofnucleotidesistranscribedintoamoleculeofmessengerRNA(mRNA),whichreproducestheinformationcontainedinthatsequence.Transportedoutsidethenucleustothecytoplasm,themRNAistranslatedintotheproteinitencodesbyanorganelleknownasaribosome,whichstringstogetheraminoacidsintheorderspecifiedbythesequenceofelementsinthemRNAmolecule.SincetheamountofmRNAinacelldeterminestheamountofthecorrespondingprotein,factorsaffectingtheabundanceofmRNA’splayamajorpartinthenormalfunctioningofacellbyappropriatelyregulatingproteinsynthesis.Forexample,anexcessofcertainproteinscancausecellstoproliferateabnormallyandbecomecancerous;alackoftheproteininsulinresultsindiabetes.

BiologistsonceassumedthatthevariableratesatwhichcellssynthesizedifferentmRNA’sdeterminesthequantitiesofmRNA’sandtheircorrespondingproteinsinacell.However,recentinvestigationshaveshownthattheconcentrationsofmostmRNA’scorrelatebest,notwiththeirsynthesisrate,butratherwiththeequallyvariableratesatwhichcellsdegradethedifferentmRNA’sintheircytoplasm.Ifacelldegradesbotharapidlyandaslowly