考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Astheworld’slargestgrainexporter,theUnitedStateshas（

）powerovertheworldfooddistributionsystem.

問題1選項

A.assorted

B.unrivaled

C.compounded

D.intrigued

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。Assorted“各種各樣的”；unrivaled“至高無上的,無敵的”；compounded“復合的,”intrigued“好奇的，被迷住的”。句意：美國作為世界上最大的糧食出口國，對世界糧食分配系統(tǒng)有著最高的權(quán)利。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）

問題1選項

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

問題2選項

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance

問題3選項

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

問題4選項

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

問題5選項

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問：我們可以從第一段中得知什么？針對愛迪生的言論，后文提到“we

allmakemistakes（當然，人都會犯錯）”，由此可判斷作者通過這樣的表述暗指愛迪生的言論錯誤。因此B項“愛迪生的預言被證明是錯誤的”表述正確，而其余三項均不能由原文第一段得出，故本題正確答案為B選項。

第2題:2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy沒有做下列哪件事？根據(jù)原文第三段可知，這兩位研究人員“comparethetestscoresfor...（對比了學生的考試成績）和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...（詢問教師如何使用各種教學材料）”，由此可判斷A選項與B選項表述正確。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知，他們還提供了可能的解釋。因此，A、B和D項都是這兩位研究員所做的事情，而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知，C項launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所為，并非這兩位科學家，因此本題正確答案為C選項。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問：根據(jù)以色列計劃中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述，學生分數(shù)在測試中沒有進步的原因是什么？根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第四段和第五段，分析這兩段內(nèi)容可知，兩位研究人員提出了電腦沒有提高學生成績的三種最可能的解釋。而在描述前兩種解釋時，都舉出了不成立的理由，因此可判斷A選項和B選項錯誤，C選項“使用電腦與考試成績之間一直存在著負相關(guān)關(guān)系”只是一種現(xiàn)象，不是學生沒有進步的原因。作者在闡述第三種解釋時并未指出其不合理，說明這種解釋有一定的可靠性。這種解釋認為：學生成績沒有進步可能是因為在教學中使用電腦并不比其他教學方法更好（也許還更糟）”。由此可判斷D選項符合題意。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：由文章最后一段可以推斷出什么？作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”，所以要說明使用電腦有助于課堂教學這一說法得需要課堂電腦的推廣者來證明。而根據(jù)“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知，要證明他們的觀點，唯一可靠的方法當然是進行一項適當?shù)难芯?，把孩子隨機分配給使用電腦的老師和使用其他方法的老師。因此，作者對以前的研究方法提出了質(zhì)疑，A選項“在這個問題上還沒有一個適當?shù)难芯俊北硎稣_。B選項表示“學校當局應(yīng)該提供證據(jù)來支持電腦程序”，C選項表示“在學校里安裝電腦花費太多，但收效甚微”，D選項表示“在教學中，粉筆和談話比電腦更有效”，均不可由最后一段內(nèi)容得出。故本題正確答案為A選項。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。題干詢問：作者對政府在學校安裝電腦似乎是什么樣的態(tài)度？在四個選項中，A選項biased表示“片面的；有偏見的”；B選項indifferent表示“冷淡的；漠不關(guān)心的”；C選項disapproving表示“反對的；不贊成的”；D選項puzzling表示“費解的；令人困惑的”。前文作者講到至少愛迪生沒有浪費公共資金，暗示了在學校安裝電腦取代教科書的使用是浪費公共資金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人員的觀點，說明在學校安裝電腦成本明確但收效甚微，并提出應(yīng)該采用適當?shù)难芯糠椒▉韺Ρ日嬲贸鍪欠裼斜匾趯W校安裝電腦來取代課本。因此，作者對在學校安裝電腦這件事更偏向于持有否定的態(tài)度，故本題正確答案為C選項。

3.單選題

—Youdon'tlooksowell,Mary.What’sthematterwithyou?

—Why?（）.

問題1選項

A.I'mquitemyself

B.Fine,thinkyou

C.Ifeltbad

D.I'mnotmyself

【答案】A

【解析】句意:——瑪麗，你看起來不太好。你怎么了？

——怎么會這么問？我自己覺得挺好的啊！

語義題。對話中的“why”是表示不同意的語氣詞。因此，回答者是對提問者的反駁，即I'mquitemyself意為“自我感覺良好”符合句意。因此選A。

4.寫作題

Differentfromtheblindoptimismintheachievementsofmodernsciencethroughoutthe20thcentury,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizethedestructiveeffectsofscientificprogressuponhumansociety.Manyevenbelievethatwhateverbenefitssciencebringstohumanity,itwillalsobringaboutthemostinhumanviolencetoanimalsandeveryimaginablesortofhorriblemeddlingwithhumanlife.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoshowwhetheryouagreewithsuchabelief.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizationgrammarandappropriateness.

【答案】【參考范文】

Throughoutthecenturiestothehistoryofscientificdevelopment,scienceandtechnologyhasbeenagreatprogresscomparedtotheprevious,weliveintheeraofrapidchangesinscienceandtechnology,hasfelttheconveniencebroughtbytechnology.Indeed,technologyhasbroughtusalotofbenefits,butalsobroughtmanydisadvantages.Personally,Ithinkthesedisadvantagesarerealandcannotbeignored.Whatweneedtodoistotreatthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologycorrectlyandbringoutitsmaximumpositivesignificance.

Ontheonehand,thankstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlivescanbegreatlyenrichedandmadeeasier.Electriclights,newmeansoftransportation,theinventionoftheInternet—thereisnoonewhohasnotbenefitedfromthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Whenyousitathomeandtapthemouse,youareabletocommunicateface-to-facewithyourrelativesinfarawayplaces;whenyouareontheroadoftravel,holdingthesteeringwheeltightly,youareabletotravelalloverthecountryandenjoythescenery;whenyoustayinahotelandpresstheremotecontroloftheairconditionerleisurely,youenjoythepleasureofwarmthandcoolness.Comparedwiththepast,humanhealthandlivingstandardshavechangedalot.Technologyhasbroughtustoomuchconvenienceandmadegreatprogressinhumandevelopment.

Ontheotherhand,asthesayinggoes,“Thingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeextreme.”Ifanythinggoodisusedtoexcessandtakentotheextreme,therewillbea“double-edgedsword”effect,andthesameistrueforscience.ThedevelopmentofphysicaltheoryhasenabledmankindtomasternuclearenergytechnologybutalsobroughtaboutthenucleardisastersofHiroshimaandNagasaki,wheremankindhadtheabilitytodestroyitselfforthefirsttime.Thedevelopmentofchemistryhasgivenustheunprecedentedabilitytotransformnature,butourgunpowderandexplosiveshavealsoharmedtensofmillionsofourfellowhumanbeings.Advancesinoilexplorationtechnologyhaveallowedmankindtoadvanceatamuchfasterpace.Wehavebeenabletoflyfasterthanthespeedofsound,butthishasalsobroughttoomanywarsandtoomuchstrife,andmadetheearthstarttocatchafever.Atthesametime,theatmospherehasbeendamaged,waterhasbeenpolluted,andenvironmentalproblemsarebecomingincreasinglyserious,causingmanyplantsandanimalstolosetheirhabitats.

Allinall,technologicaldevelopmenthasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.However,weshouldneitherblindlydevelopscienceandtechnologyregardlessoftheconsequencesbecauseitisbeneficial,norshouldwegotostopthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologybecauseithasdisadvantages.Scienceandtechnologyarethegreatdrivingforceofhumansocialprogressonlywhentheyareinbalancewithpeople’sneedsandhumannature.Humanbeingsshouldmakefulluseofthepositiveeffectsofscienceandtechnologyandtrytolimitandovercomethenegativeeffectsbroughtbyscienceandtechnologyinthecontinuouspracticeofunderstandingnatureandtransformingit.

5.單選題

Itisanticipatedthatthiscontractwillsubstantiallyincreasesalesoverthenextthreeyears.

問題1選項

A.apparently

B.slightly

C.considerably

D.steadily

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。substantially“實質(zhì)上；充分地；大幅地”；A選項apparently“顯然地；似乎，表面上”；B選項slightly“些微地，輕微地”；C選項considerably“相當多地；非常地”；D選項steadily“穩(wěn)定地；穩(wěn)固地”。句意：預計該合同將在未來三年內(nèi)大幅增加銷售額。根據(jù)句中“increasesales增加銷售額”可知substantially在這里的意思為“大幅地”，因此C選項相當多地正確。

6.單選題

Billisanexampleofaseverelydisabledpersonwhohasbecome（）atmanysurvivalskills.

問題1選項

A.proficient

B.persistent

C.consistent

D.sufficient

【答案】A

【解析】proficient精通的,熟練的;persistent持續(xù)的;consistent連續(xù)的,一致的;sufficient足夠的。句意：嚴重殘疾的人也能夠掌握很多生存證明,比爾就是其中的例證。

7.單選題

To（

）thisstateofaffairs,thereportrecommendedaunifiedscheme,onaregionalbasis,withinwhichbothcommonandspecializedunitswouldcaterforthevariousneedsofpart-timeteachers.

問題1選項

A.fortify

B.denominate

C.assimilate

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。A選項“加強，增強，（在物質(zhì)或道義上）支持某人”；B選項“命名”；C選項“吸收，同化”；D選項“糾正”；根據(jù)句子的意思‘為了穩(wěn)定事態(tài)，該報告建議按地區(qū)實施一個統(tǒng)一的方案，普通和專門單位將滿足兼職教師的各種需求’確定A選項正確。

8.單選題

Duanejumpedintothepoolimmediatelyafterlunch,determinedto______theideathatonemustwait30minutesbetweeneatingandswimming.

問題1選項

A.concede

B.debunk

C.placate

D.dupe

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.concede承認，讓步B.debunk批判，駁斥，揭穿……的真相

C.placate撫慰，使和解D.dupe欺騙，愚弄

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后面的同位語從句內(nèi)容“一個人必須在吃飯后30分鐘才能游泳”，結(jié)合主句意思“杜安飯后立即跳進游泳池”可知，______theidea表示的是“反駁這個說法”。因此，該題選擇B項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】杜安飯后立即跳進游泳池，決心要反駁這個說法，即一個人必須在吃飯后30分鐘才能游泳。

9.單選題

Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.

Startingfromthepremisethatmythologyandlegendpreserveatleastanucleusofhistoricalfact,Bachofenarguedthatwomenweredominantinmanyancientsocieties.HisworkwasbasedonacomprehensivesurveyofreferencesintheancientsourcestoAmazonianandothersocietieswithmatrilinealcustoms—societiesinwhichdescentandpropertyrightsaretracedthroughthefemaleline.Somesupportforhistheorycanbefoundinevidencesuchasthatdrawnfrom

Herodotus,theGreek“historian”ofthefifthcenturyB.C.,whopeaksofanAmazoniansociety,theSauromatae,wherethewomenhuntedandfoughtinwars.Awomaninthissocietywasnotallowedtomarryuntilshehadkilledapersoninbattle.

Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematiC.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.

Thus,IwouldarguethepurposeofaccountsoftheAmazonsfortheirmaleGreekrecorderswasdidactic,toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,inwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsocietyBachofenwasthusmisledinhisrelianceonmythsforinformationaboutthestatusofwomen.Thesourcesthatwillprobablytellcontemporaryhistoriansmostaboutwomenintheancientworldaresuchsocialdocumentsasgravestones,willsandmarriagecontracts.Studiesofsuchdocumentshavealreadybegunto,showhowmistakenwearewhenwetrytoderiveourpictureoftheancientworldexclusivelyfromliterarysources,especiallymyths.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.AllofthefollowingarestatedbytheauthorasproblemsconnectedwiththesourcesforknowledgeofpremodernculturesEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingispresentedinthepassageasevidencesupportingtheauthor'sviewoftheancientGreeks'descriptionsoftheAmazons?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprobablereactionsofmanymalesinancientGreecetotheideaofasocietyruledbywomencouldbestbecharacterizedas（）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatthemainreasonforthepersistinginfluenceofBachofen'sworkisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.comparecompetingnewapproachestounderstandingtheroleofwomeninancientsocieties

B.investigatetheramificationsofBachofen'stheoryaboutdominanceofwomeninancientsocieties

C.explaintheburgeoninginterestamonghistoriansindeterminingtheactualstatusofwomeninvarioussocieties

D.criticizethevalueofancientmythsindeterminingthestatusofwomeninancientsocieties

問題2選項

A.partialcompleteness

B.restrictedaccessibility

C.difficultyofinterpretation

D.limitedquantity

問題3選項

A.TherequirementthatSauromataewomenkillinbattlebeforemarrying

B.Thefailureofhistorianstoverifythatwomenwereevergovernorsofancientsocieties

C.TheclassingofAmazonswithgiantsandcentaurs

D.Thewell-establishedunreliabilityofHerodotusasasourceofinformationaboutancientsocieties

問題4選項

A.confusedanddismayed

B.waryandhostile

C.cynicalanddisinterested

D.curiousbutfearful

問題5選項

A.feministshaveshownlittleinterestisancientsocieties

B.Bachofen'sknowledgeofAmazoniancultureisunparalleled

C.reliableinformationabouttheancientworldisdifficulttoacquire

D.ancientsocietiesshowthebestevidenceofwomeninpositionsofpower.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章提及古代文化研究婦女在各歷史時期的地位受到資料限制而且相互矛盾，之后談及神話和傳說對這一問題的分析，最后作者認為，對這類文獻資料的研究早已開始證明，當我們通過神話來獲取對古代世界的理解，是十分失誤的。因此，綜合考慮，這篇文章的主要目的是選項D。

2.細節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremodemcultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.”，中文翻譯：雖然在現(xiàn)代時期己經(jīng)完成了很多，但前現(xiàn)代文化被證明是更困難的：來源受到限制，數(shù)量有限，不完整，難以解釋，而且常常是矛盾的。因此最佳答案為B選項，只有B沒有提及。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.”，中文翻譯：如果我們先研究一下為什么古人會提到亞馬遜人，下面的一點就變得清晰了，那就是古希臘對于這種社會的廟睡不是太多的被用來表達觀察的歷史事實一一真正的亞馬遜社會的_——而是為了對于婦女在其社會中的統(tǒng)治的預期后果提供一種“道德教導”。以及原文中“TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.”，原文翻譯為：例如，亞馬遜人經(jīng)常被描述為巨人和馬人的等份物，被希臘英雄殺死的敵人。他們的習俗并不是作為受人尊敬的社會的習俗來呈現(xiàn)的，而是作為普通希臘習俗的真實對照。由此可以推斷出答案選擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“...toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,Linwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsociety.”.”。中文翻譯為：是教誨古希臘的男性和女性這樣一個道理，即那些脫離了傳統(tǒng)社會而形成的純女性群體是破壞性的和危險的。有關(guān)亞馬遜人的神話是用作論據(jù)來為男人統(tǒng)治的現(xiàn)狀做辯護的，在這種現(xiàn)狀下，純粹地由任一性別構(gòu)成的群體是不允許與社會永久性地隔絕開來的。由此可知，B項符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.”中文翻譯為：雖然對現(xiàn)當代的研究成就斐然，但是古代文化的研究要證明更為困難：資料來源數(shù)量有限，支離破碎，難以解釋且經(jīng)?；ハ嗝堋Ｒ虼?，人們并不特別驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關(guān)這些古代文化的早期學術(shù)研究迄今為止聽憑其流傳下來，而未遭到質(zhì)疑。其中一個實例就是約翰?巴霍芬1861年論述亞馬遜人的論文，而所謂亞馬遜人，即那些由女性統(tǒng)治的社會，其難置可否的存在與古希臘同期。綜合可知。C選項是其主要原因。

10.單選題

WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga“Bermudatriangle”ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.

Aswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfaceanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countriesthatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone’seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofdevaluation.

YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.

Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry’svotingrightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.

A“southern”campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:“Europeaneconomicgovernment”withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.

ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisanambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.

1.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat（）.

2.ThedebateovertheEU’ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers（）.

3.Tosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat（）.

4.TheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat（）.

5.RegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel（）.

問題1選項

A.ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarkets

B.evenitssupportersbegintofeelconcerned

C.someofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuro

D.itintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluation

問題2選項

A.arecompetingfortheleadingposition

B.arebusyhandlingtheirowncrises

C.failtoreachanagreementonharmonization

D.disagreeonthestepstowardsharmonization

問題3選項

A.EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreased

B.stricterregulationsbeimposed

C.onlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordination

D.votingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteed

問題4選項

A.poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds

B.strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries

C.loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountries

D.richcountrieswillbasicallycontrolEurobonds

問題5選項

A.pessimistic

B.desperate

C.conceited

D.hopeful

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第一段“Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga‘Bermudatriangle’ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.”現(xiàn)在，即使是該計劃最偉大的鼓吹者也在談?wù)摎W洲大陸面臨著債務(wù)、人口下降和低增長的“百慕大三角”。由此可知歐盟的問題已經(jīng)使得一些支持者都開始注意了，因此選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第三段“YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.”。然而，關(guān)于如何使歐洲單一貨幣免于解體的辯論卻陷入了僵局。它之所以陷入困境，是因為歐元區(qū)的主導力量法國和德國一致認為有必要在歐元區(qū)內(nèi)部加強協(xié)調(diào)，但在協(xié)調(diào)哪些方面存在分歧。由此可知C選項未能就協(xié)調(diào)問題達成一致正確，因此選C。

3.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第四段“Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.”德國認為必須通過對借貸支出和競爭力的嚴格規(guī)定來拯救歐元，對不遵守規(guī)定的政府實行準自動制裁。由此可知選項B實行更嚴格的規(guī)定正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第五段“Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.”換句話說，這意味著政客們干預貨幣政策，以及一個從較富裕成員國向較貧窮成員國進行再分配的體系，途徑是政府通過發(fā)行共同歐元債券或完全的財政轉(zhuǎn)移，以較低成本借入資金。因此選項D正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章最后一段“ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.”現(xiàn)在把歐盟一筆勾銷還為時過早。它仍然是世界上最大的貿(mào)易集團。最好的情況下，歐洲計劃是非常自由的：建立在一個由27個富國和窮國組成的單一市場上，其內(nèi)部邊界對商品、資本和勞動力的開放程度遠遠超過任何類似的貿(mào)易區(qū)。由此可知作者對于歐盟的態(tài)度還是積極的，因此選項D正確。

11.單選題

Therealfriendistheonewhocomestothe（

）inyourhourofneed;whoistherewithcomfortinadversityandwhoshareswithyouhisownsuccess.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.stage

C.point

D.rescue

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。attention意為“注意”；stage意為“階段”；point意為“論點，觀點”；rescue意為“救援，營救”。

句意：真正的朋友是在你需要的時候來幫助你，在逆境中給你安慰，與你分享他成功的人。

12.單選題

Theheavyfoghadcreatedanoptical（）thatmadetheoppositeshoreofthelakeseemcloserthanitwas.

問題1選項

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.illusion

D.impression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。illusion“幻覺”；imagination“想象”；impression“印象”；conclusion“結(jié)論”。本句意為“濃霧造成了一種錯覺，使湖的對岸看起來比實際更近”，幻覺使得遠處的景物看起來更近。選項C正確。

13.單選題

DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses.“B2E—business-to-employee—didn’thaveacrash,”saysBipinPatel,inchargeofdevelopingthepotentialofthecorporateintranetattheFordMotorCompany,“It’sstillgrowing.”

Fordhasgonefurtherthanmostcompaniestogetitsemployeesonline:itoffereditsAmericanemployeespersonalcomputers,and90%ofthemaccepted.FordhopesthatthefreePCswillsaveitsownanditsemployees’timebymovingservicesonline.GeneralMotors,Ford’sgreatrival,consideredasimilarschemebutfoundthatmostemployeeswillingtousePCsalreadyhadthem.Itishelpingstafftopayforhigh-bandwidthconnectionsinstead.

AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.Inthepast,employeessometimesfoundthatittookweekstogetacopyofthepayinformationtheyneededtodotheirtaxreturns,andthedepartment’sstaffspentmind-numbinghoursansweringthesamequestionsfromhundredsofdifferentemployees.Nowemployeescanlookatapassword-protectedsitethatdisplaystheirpayslipsovertheprevious18months.Theycanseealldeductions,andthehourstheyworked.Allthisinformationwasonthehuman-resourcesdatabase:displayingittoemployeeshassavedstafftime.

“Peoplewantmoreandmoreofthisself-