考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itis（）toexpectanadultreactionfromachild.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.effective

C.irrational

D.farcical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來(lái)的，預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)effective“有效的，實(shí)際的”；C選項(xiàng)irrational“不合理的”；D選項(xiàng)farcical“滑稽的，鬧劇的，引人發(fā)笑的”。句意：指望一個(gè)孩子做出成年人的反應(yīng)是不合理的。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust（）allprofitstothegovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turndown

B.turnto

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組。A:turndown“減少；關(guān)小”；B:turnto“求助于……”；C:turnout“結(jié)果是；關(guān)掉”；D:turnin“上交；歸還”。句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國(guó)有企業(yè)必須向政府上交全部利潤(rùn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知D為正確答案。

3.單選題

M:Howiseverythinggoingwithyou?

W:Notbad.Say,ifyouaredonefortheday,maybewecouldcelebrateyourbirthdayatStarbucks,I’llbuy!

Q:What’sthewomandoing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheismakinganinvitation.

B.Sheismakingasuggestion.

C.Sheisaskingforadvice.

D.Sheisofferingheropinion

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)女士說(shuō)的話“如果你今天的工作完成了，也許我們可以到星巴克為你慶祝生日，我請(qǐng)客！”可知A選項(xiàng)‘她正在發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)?！_。

4.單選題

Histestimonyisofno____tothecase.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relevance

B.relation

C.substance

D.connection

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.relevance相關(guān)性B.relation關(guān)系

C.substance根據(jù)D.connection關(guān)聯(lián)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句句意為“他的證詞與此案沒(méi)有____”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)推測(cè)，原句想表達(dá)的是“沒(méi)有關(guān)系；不相關(guān)”，即他的證詞與這個(gè)案件不相關(guān)，對(duì)這個(gè)案件沒(méi)有幫助，A選項(xiàng)relevance“相關(guān)性”，最符合要求。某物與某一情境的相關(guān)性（relevance）是指它對(duì)該情境的重要性或意義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)relation“關(guān)系”，側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系，比如藝術(shù)與生活之間的關(guān)系；

C選項(xiàng)substance“根據(jù)”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接；

D選項(xiàng)connection“關(guān)聯(lián)”，與relation相似，側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系。

【句意】他的證詞與此案并不相關(guān)。

5.單選題

Thegovernment（）regulationsthatputthisarcheologicalsiteunderprotection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.released

C.issued

D.published

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)discharge“準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開，釋放，排出”；B選項(xiàng)release“釋放，發(fā)泄，免除”；C選項(xiàng)issue“發(fā)行，發(fā)布”；D選項(xiàng)publish“出版，發(fā)表，公布”。句意：政府頒布條例來(lái)保護(hù)這個(gè)考古遺址。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.翻譯題

與群眾不同，知識(shí)分子喜歡推理，對(duì)事實(shí)感興趣。他們思想上批判的習(xí)性，使他們成為那種很能蠱惑大多數(shù)人的宣傳的抵制者。知識(shí)分子是那種重證據(jù)，厭惡不合乎邏輯和謬論的人。他們把過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化看作是思想上犯錯(cuò)誤的根源，他們不喜歡口號(hào)、絕對(duì)肯定和總的概括，而這些恰恰是宣傳家慣用的手法。在這個(gè)人口加速過(guò)度增長(zhǎng)，組織加速過(guò)度膨脹，以及出現(xiàn)了更為有效的廣泛宣傳工具的時(shí)代里，我們?nèi)绾文鼙４鎮(zhèn)€性的完整，又如何能再堅(jiān)持個(gè)人的價(jià)值呢？這是一個(gè)至今可提出并可能得到較好的回答的問(wèn)題。再過(guò)一代，尋找答案可能為時(shí)已晚，而在那個(gè)未來(lái)的令人窒息的集體風(fēng)氣中，可能壓根就想不起提出這樣的問(wèn)題了。

【答案】Unlikethemass,theintellectualsliketoreasonandareinterestedinfacts.Withcriticalthinkinghabits,theyhavebecomeleaderswhoresistpropagandaswhichconfusemostpeople.Theclerisylaystressonevidence,andarenottooreadytobelieveillogicalityandfallacy.Theyconsideroversimplificationastherootofthoughttomakeamistake.Meanwhiletheacademiciansdislikeslogan,absoluteaffirmationandgrossgeneralization,whichareapropagandist’susualmeasures.Therefore,howcanwekeepupintegrityofpersonality,andhowtocontinueupholdingthevalueofindividualinfaceofoverpopulationandoverexpansionoforganizationsaswellasmanymoreeffectiveandcomprehensivepropagandatools?Uptonow,itisaquestionthatcanbeproposedandgivenagoodanswertobutitwillbetoolatetofindoutananswertosuchquestionforthenextgenerationinthefuturewherethestiflingcollectiveatmosphereprevails,descendantsmaynotthinkofsuchquestionatall.

7.單選題

They（

）theirhuntingskillsforthelifeofsettledfarmers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forsook

B.forged

C.sacrificed

D.reserved

【答案】A

【解析】句意:為了過(guò)著穩(wěn)定的農(nóng)民生活,他們放棄了狩獵技能。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

Whatweneedtolearnishowtoputtheoryinto（）whenwebeginourfieldworkhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.application

C.accomplish

D.achievement

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)appearance“外觀，出現(xiàn)，露面”；B選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；C選項(xiàng)accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”；D選項(xiàng)achievement“成就，完成”。句意：當(dāng)我們開始野外工作時(shí)，我們需要學(xué)習(xí)的是如何將理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)際中去。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Thestaffinthekitchenhas____themessagethatacustomerwantedaspecialdish.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ordered

B.received

C.pointed

D.accepted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ordered點(diǎn)餐B.received接收

C.pointed指定D.accepted接受

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)賓搭配與語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】原句語(yǔ)義為“廚房里的工作人員____顧客想要一份特色菜的信息”，原句想表達(dá)的是廚房里的人知道有位顧客想要一份特色菜這件事了，空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配的賓語(yǔ)是“消息；信息（message）”。B選項(xiàng)received“接收”符合動(dòng)賓搭配和語(yǔ)義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)ordered“點(diǎn)餐”，不符合動(dòng)賓搭配；

C選項(xiàng)pointed“指定”，不符合動(dòng)賓搭配；

D選項(xiàng)accepted“接受”，側(cè)重于指認(rèn)同所收到的信息，不太符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】廚房里的工作人員接收到了顧客想要一份特色菜的信息。

10.單選題

()thatshouldbegivenpriorityto.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisthecommitteehasdecided

B.Itisonlythecommitteehasdecided

C.Itiswhatthecommitteehasdecided

D.Itiswhathasthecommitteedecided

【答案】C

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)whatthecommitteehasdecided。句意：委員會(huì)的決定應(yīng)該優(yōu)先執(zhí)行。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone."Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace."

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（腎上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil'sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,"ourparticularcreature"refersto（）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan（）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen（）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat（）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fearofsomething

B.afiercebeast

C.physicalpain

D.publicridicule.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

B.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

C.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream

D.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis.

B.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

C.onecannotstandthedanger

D.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger.

B.people'sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

C.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise.

D.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.homeeducation

B.schooleducation

C.parents'lifestyle

D.earlyexperiences

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)上文提到的，恐懼對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)幾乎都是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，每個(gè)人害怕的事物不一樣，所以這里提到的我們這些特殊的生物是指對(duì)某種事物感到害怕。選項(xiàng)A正確，選項(xiàng)B，C，D都是指某一類人害怕的東西，不能以偏概全，所以錯(cuò)誤。

2.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，恐懼是一種有用的情感是因?yàn)樗軒椭覀兠鎸?duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)快速做出反應(yīng)并自我保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。其他選項(xiàng)都只涉及生理反應(yīng)而忽略了心理反應(yīng)，太片面。

3.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.”只有當(dāng)恐懼與眼前的危險(xiǎn)不成比例時(shí)，它才會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)被認(rèn)為比實(shí)際上更大時(shí)，恐懼就會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.”有些人只是比其他人更容易受到恐懼的影響。以及第三段的最后一句“Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.”從出生開始，他或她更容易學(xué)習(xí)恐懼的反應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗蛩z傳了一種更敏感的傾向。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

12.單選題

Itisnotsomuchthelanguage______theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.nor

C.as

D.like

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。notsomuch…as…“與其說(shuō)是……不如說(shuō)是……”。句意：與其說(shuō)語(yǔ)言不如說(shuō)是文化背景使這本書難以理解。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry-from82to110millionbetween1973and1985-thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyno-blue-collarjobs.

Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionoftheharborforceinmanufacturingthandevolvedcountriesnowemployinfarming-atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.

Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymoreone-thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.

Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesamesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitiveoreventoremain"developed”.Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.

ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreitthattheUnitedStatesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman-hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorbysome80percentintwoorthreeyearsfarmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleteprioritization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganew,sharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines—thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,incoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertoremaincompetitive,oughtto（

）.

3.Americanpoliticiansandlaborleaderstendtodislike（

）.

4.Theword"prescription"in’’aprescriptionforunemployment"maybetheequivalentto（

）.

5.Thispassagemayhavebeenexceptedfrom（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedegreetowhichacountry'sproductionisrobotized

B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries

C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce

B.preserveblue-collarjobsforinternationalcompetition

C.acceleratemotor-carmanufacturinginHenryFord’sstyle

D.solvetheproblemofunemployment

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy

B.anincreaseinblue-collarworkforce

C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction

D.adropintheblue-collarjobopportunities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingrecommendedasmedicaltreatment

B.awaysuggestedtoovercomesomberdifficulty

C.somemeasurestakeninadvance

D.adevicetodire

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment

B.anarticleonautomation

C.amotor-carmagazine

D.anarticleonglobaleconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章提出諸如美國(guó)、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，由于生產(chǎn)的進(jìn)步自動(dòng)化的加強(qiáng)，生產(chǎn)行業(yè)雇傭藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人的數(shù)量大大降低。所以A選項(xiàng)‘一個(gè)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化程度‘符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第四段Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesamesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitiveoreventoremain"developed”.如果一個(gè)公司、一個(gè)行業(yè)或一個(gè)國(guó)家在未來(lái)25年里不大幅提高制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量，同時(shí)大幅削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力，就不可能保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，甚至不可能保持“發(fā)達(dá)”。可知，為了保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，在增加產(chǎn)量的同時(shí)，必須減少藍(lán)領(lǐng)的數(shù)量。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.先看選項(xiàng)，B、D選項(xiàng)相反，肯定一對(duì)一錯(cuò)，所以排除A、C。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句和最后一段第一句Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.試圖保住這樣的藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作實(shí)際上是為失業(yè)開出的藥方。這不是一個(gè)美國(guó)政客、勞工領(lǐng)袖或公眾能夠輕易理解或接受的結(jié)論。文中清楚表明，保持藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力工作機(jī)會(huì)是破除失業(yè)的良藥，政治和工會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)都不希望藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力失去工作機(jī)會(huì)。確定D選項(xiàng)‘藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作機(jī)會(huì)的減少‘符合題意。

4.prescription本意為‘處方藥’，由上題可知，在文中意思為‘破除失業(yè)的具體措施’，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.根據(jù)全文可知，文章是屬于經(jīng)濟(jì)政治的一部分，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Designofallthenewtoolsandimplementsisbasedoncarefulexperimentswithelectronicinstruments.First,ahuman“guineapig”istestedusingaregulartool.Measurementsaretakenoftheamountofworkdone,andthebuildupofheatinthebody.Twistedjointsandstretchedmusclescannotperformaswell,ithasbeenfound,asjointsandmusclesintheirnormalpositions.Thesamepersonisthentestedagain,usingatooldesignedaccordingtothesuggestionsmadebyDr.Tichauer.Allthesetestshaveshownthegreatimprovementofthenewdesignsovertheold.

OneoftheelectronicinstrumentsusedbyDr.Tichauer,themyograph,makesvisiblethroughelectricalsignalstheworkdonebyhumanmuscle.

Anothermachinemeasuresanydangerousfeaturesoftools,thusprovinginformationuponwhichtobaseanewdesign.Oneconclusionoftestsmadewiththismachineisthatatripodstepladderismorestableandsafertousethanonewithfourlegs.

Thisworkhasattractedtheattentionofefficiencyexpertsandtime-and-motion-studyengineer,butitsvaluegoesfarbeyondthat.Dr.Tichauer’sfirstthoughtisforthehealthofthetooluser.Withtherepeateduseofthesametoolalldaylongonproductionlinesandinotherjobs,evenlightmanualworkcanputaheavystressononesmallareaofthebody.Intime,suchstresscancauseadisablingdisease.Furthermore,musclefatigueisaserioussafetyhazard.

Efficiencyistheby-productofcomfort,Dr.Tichauerbelieves,andhisnewdesignsfor

traditionaltoolshaveprovedhispoint.

1.Whatareinvolvedinthedesignofanewtoolaccordingtothepassage?

2.Fromthepassageweknowthatjointsandmusclesperformbestwhen.

3.A“myograph”(Para.A.2,Line1)isanelectronicinstrumentthat.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

5.Dr.Tichauerstartedhisexperimentsinitiallyto.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Electronicinstrumentsandaregulartool

B.Ahuman“guineapig”andaregulartool

C.Electronicinstrumentsandahuman“guineapig”

D.Electronicinstruments,ahuman“guineapig”andaregulartool

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyaretwistedandstretched

B.theyareintheirnormalpositions

C.theyaretestedwithahuman“guineapig”

D.theyaretestedwithelectronicinstruments

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isabletodesignnewtools

B.measurestheamountofenergyused

C.enablepeopletoseethemuscularmovements

D.visualizeselectricalsignals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.astepladderusedtohavefourlegs

B.itisdangeroustousetools

C.atripodissaferinatooldesign

D.workersaresaferonproductionlines

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.improveefficiency

B.increaseproduction

C.reduceworkload

D.improvecomfort

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段前面兩句Designofallthenewtoolsandimplementsisbasedoncarefulexperimentswithelectronicinstruments.First,ahuman“guineapig”istestedusingaregulartool可知做該實(shí)驗(yàn)涉及到了electronicinstruments,ahuman“guineapig”和aregulartool，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第四句話Twistedjointsandstretchedmusclescannotperformaswell,ithasbeenfound,asjointsandmusclesintheirnormalpositions可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容themyograph,makesvisiblethroughelectricalsignalstheworkdonebyhumanmuscle可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。文章第三段第二句提到用新機(jī)器做實(shí)驗(yàn)的一個(gè)結(jié)論是，三腳架的活梯比四腳活梯用起來(lái)更穩(wěn)定、更安全（Oneconclusionoftestsmadewiththismachineisthatatripodstepladderismorestableandsafertousethanonewithfourlegs），由此可知以前的梯子都是四腳的，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到Dr.Tichauer最初的想法是為了工具使用者的健康（Dr.Tichauer’sfirstthoughtisforthehealthofthetooluser），隨后提到使用新機(jī)器可以減少人的壓力，由此可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Thegreatflames（）throughthedarkness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glared

B.shone

C.shot

D.flared

【答案】D

【解析】glare怒視，瞪眼；shine閃耀，多指光照，光線等；shoot射擊；flare閃耀，多指火焰等。句意：巨大的火焰在夜空中閃耀。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.單選題

（1）weallhaveguiltypleasures,ourday-to-daydecisionsareusuallygovernedbyadeep-seatedsensethatwewouldbebetteroff（2）ifwefavoredworkoverleisure,necessitiesoverluxuries,andsavingmoneyover（3）spendingit.Butwouldwebehappier?

Ourresearchshowsthatforgoingindulgencestodaycan（4）strongregretslater,andthatnear-termregretsaboutself-indulgencedramatically（5）withtime.Theseresponsesaresostrongthatwewereabletoinfluencepeople’sbuyingbehaviorsimplybyaskingthemto（6）theirlong-termregrets.

Oneofourstudies—publishedintheJournalofConsumerResearch—（7）theregretsfeltbycollegestudents（8）theirconductonrecentwinterbreaksandbyalumnirememberingwinterbreaksof40yearsago.Regretabout（9）ortraveledmoreduringbreaksincreasedwithtime,whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoneyduringbreaksdecreasedwithtime.Wesawa（10）patterninastudyof（11）businesspeopleperceivedpastchoicesbetweenworkandpleasure.Overtime,thosewhohadindulgedfelt（12）guiltyabouttheirchoices,whereasthosewhohadbeendutifulexperiencedagrowingsenseofhaving（13）onthepleasuresoflife.

Peoplewhoundulyresistself-indulgence（14）fromanexcessivefarsightedness,orhyperopia—thereverseoftypicalself-controlproblem.（15）yieldingtotemptation,theyfocuson（16）necessitiesandactingresponsiblyandtheyseeindulgenceaswasteful,irresponsible,andevenimmoral.（17）,theseconsumersavoidpreciselytheproductsandexperiencesthattheymostenjoy.Theirhyperopiacaninhibitconsumptioninwaysthatarebothbadfortheirownwell-beingandformarketers’bottomlines.Wedon’tadvocate（18）tomotivateconsumptiontomakeill-consideredpurchases,ofcourse,butmarketerscanhelpcustomersmakeappropriatelyindulgentchoicesthatthey’ll—（19）overthelongterm.

Inanotherstudy,forthcomingintheJournalofMarketingResearch,fifty-sevenconsumerswereasked（20）ofashoppingmalltriptoconsidertwo（21）:buyinganexpensiveitemofclothingthatwouldmakethemhappy,orbuyingacheaperalternativethatwould（22）themtospendthesavedmoneyonmorepracticalthings.Halfwerethenaskedtopredictwhichofthetwochoiceswould（23）themthegreatestregretthenextday,whiletheotherhalfwereaskedtoconsidertheregrettheymightfeelovereachpurchaseseveralyearslater.

Aftertheshoppingtrip,weexaminedtheconsumers’actualpurchase.Aswe（24）,thosewhoanticipatedregretthenextday（25）tobuymorepracticalgoods;thosewhohadconsideredregretinthemoredistantfutureboughtmoreindulgentproducts.Inotherwords,thinkingaboutshort-termregretdrivesconsumerstobevirtuous,（26）thinkingaboutlong-termregretleadsthemtobeextravagant.

Ourfindingssuggestthatmarketersofluxuryproductsandleisureservicescould（27）frompromptingconsumerstopredicttheirfeelingsinthefutureiftheyforgotheindulgentchoice.Forinstance,atravelcompanymightaskcustomerstoconsiderhowthey’llfeelabouthaving（28）afamilyvacationpackageoncethenestisempty.

Consumers,too,canbenefitfromsuchprompts.InthewordsofthelateMassachusettssenatorPaulTsongas,“Nobodyonhisdeathbed（29）said,‘IwishI（30）moretimeattheoffice.’”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Though

B.When

C.Unless

D.That

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inthelongrun

B.inthemeantime

C.intheend

D.intime

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.deliberately

B.impulsively

C.consciously

D.compulsively

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.grow

B.increase

C.feed

D.arouse

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.decrease

B.vanish

C.shrink

D.fade

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.anticipate

B.realize

C.abandon

D.recall

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.investigated

B.explored

C.examined

D.involved

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.above

C.over

D.with

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.havingspent

B.nottospend

C.notspending

D.nothavingspent

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.different

C.alike

D.related

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.what

C.where

D.why

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.moreandmore

B.thesame

C.lessandless

D.no

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.turnedout

B.missedout

C.madeout

D.figuredout

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.meet

B.undergo

C.endure

D.suffer

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.Ratherthan

B.Morethan

C.Lessthan

D.Otherthan

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.requiring

B.inquiring

C.acquiring

D.enquiring

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.Infact

B.Sofar

C.Asaresult

D.Atpresent

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.beingtried

B.try

C.totry

D.trying

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.regret

B.appreciate

C.decline

D.value5

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.inpublic

B.inadvance

C.ingeneral

D.indetail

問(wèn)題21選項(xiàng)

A.chances

B.opportunities

C.capabilities

D.possibilities

問(wèn)題22選項(xiàng)

A.allow

B.lead

C.make

D.demand

問(wèn)題23選項(xiàng)

A.attract

B.cause

C.render

D.create

問(wèn)題24選項(xiàng)

A.expected

B.knew

C.saw

D.told

問(wèn)題25選項(xiàng)

A.inclined

B.liked

C.tended

D.leaned

問(wèn)題26選項(xiàng)

A.unless

B.although

C.when

D.whereas

問(wèn)題27選項(xiàng)

A.originate

B.derive

C.benefit

D.result

問(wèn)題28選項(xiàng)

A.passedup

B.turnedup

C.madeup

D.takenup

問(wèn)題29選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.never

C.still

D.ever

問(wèn)題30選項(xiàng)

A.spend

B.hadspent

C.spent

D.wouldspend

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:C

第18題:D

第19題:B

第20題:B

第21題:D

第22題:A

第23題:B

第24題:A

第25題:C

第26題:D

第27題:C

第28題:A

第29題:D

第30題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)后“weallhaveguiltypleasures”，中文翻譯為：我們都有罪惡的快樂(lè)。下文又說(shuō)“ourday-to-daydecisionsareusuallygovernedbyadeep-seatedsense…”，中文翻譯為：我們?nèi)粘５臎Q定通常是由一種根深蒂固的感覺所支配的……可知選項(xiàng)處應(yīng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故A項(xiàng)最符合。

2.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的“near-termregrets近期遺憾”“l(fā)ong-termregrets長(zhǎng)期遺憾”以及“overthelongterm長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看”可知A選項(xiàng)“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看”正確。

3.【試題解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地；謹(jǐn)慎地”；B選項(xiàng)impulsively“沖動(dòng)地；有推動(dòng)力地”；C選項(xiàng)consciously“自覺地；有意識(shí)地”；D選項(xiàng)compulsively“強(qiáng)制地，強(qiáng)迫地”。聯(lián)系上文“ifwefavoredworkoverleisure,necessitiesoverluxuries”中文翻譯為：如果我們重視工作而不是休閑、選擇必需品而不是奢侈品，推斷出空格處選B。

4.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)grow“使生長(zhǎng)；種植；擴(kuò)展”；B選項(xiàng)increase“增加”；C選項(xiàng)feed“喂養(yǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)arouse“引起”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，后面搭配strongregrets，譯為“強(qiáng)烈的遺憾”可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合后文“whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoneyduringbreaksdecreasedwithtime”，中文大意為：面對(duì)于沒(méi)有在休息時(shí)間工作、學(xué)習(xí)或存錢的遺憾則隨著時(shí)間的推移而減少。因此判斷出空格處表示減少的意思，A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)料，期望”；B選項(xiàng)realize“實(shí)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)識(shí)到；了解”；C選項(xiàng)abandon“遺棄；放棄”；D選項(xiàng)recall“召回；回想起，記起；取消”。聯(lián)系下文“anticipatedregret”意為：預(yù)料遺憾，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)investigate“調(diào)查；研究”；B選項(xiàng)explore“探索；探測(cè)；探險(xiǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)examine“檢查；審查”；D選項(xiàng)involve“包含；牽涉；使陷于”。由前文“ourstudies”，中文翻譯為：我們的研究，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。regretoversth.“對(duì)……感到遺憾（或后悔）”，故C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合下文whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoney可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)similar“類似的”；B選項(xiàng)different“不同的；個(gè)別的，與眾不同的”；C選項(xiàng)alike“相似的；相同的”；D選項(xiàng)related“有關(guān)系的”。結(jié)合下文betweenworkandpleasure“在工作和娛樂(lè)之間”可知該空格處應(yīng)表示類似的模式。因此可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合下文“businesspeopleperceivedpastchoicesbetweenworkandpleasure.”中文翻譯為：商人看待在工作和娛樂(lè)之間過(guò)去的選擇。判斷出正確答案為A“如何”。

12.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。對(duì)應(yīng)下文“whereasthosewhohadbeendutifulexperiencedagrowing”中文翻譯為：然而，過(guò)去盡職的那些人經(jīng)歷日益增強(qiáng)的……判斷出最符合語(yǔ)境句意的選項(xiàng)為C“越來(lái)越少的”。

13.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。missouton“錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)”，故選B。

14.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文“anexcessivefarsightedness”中文翻譯為：一種過(guò)度的遠(yuǎn)見，可知此處對(duì)應(yīng)D項(xiàng)“遭受”。

15.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。聯(lián)系下文“theyfocuson...andactingresponsiblyandtheyseeindulgenceaswasteful,irresponsible,andevenimmoral”中文翻譯為：他們專注于……做事負(fù)責(zé)且他們將放縱看成是浪費(fèi)的、不負(fù)責(zé)的甚至不道德的。結(jié)合“yieldingtotemptation”“屈服于誘惑”判斷應(yīng)選A“而不是”。

16.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)require“需要；要求”；B選項(xiàng)inquire“詢問(wèn)；查究；問(wèn)明”；C選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得；學(xué)到；捕獲”；D選項(xiàng)enquire“詢問(wèn)；調(diào)查；問(wèn)候”。結(jié)合下文necessities“必需品”，可知最佳答案為C。

17.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文“theseconsumersavoidpreciselytheproductsandexperiencesthattheymostenjoy”中文翻譯為：這些消費(fèi)者恰恰避開他們極其喜愛的這些產(chǎn)品和經(jīng)歷，可以判斷出選項(xiàng)處應(yīng)表示“結(jié)果”。答案為C。

18.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。advocatedoingsth.“提倡做某事”，并且此處為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案為D。

19.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)regret“后悔；惋惜；哀悼”；B選項(xiàng)appreciate“感激；領(lǐng)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)decline“謝絕；婉拒”；D選項(xiàng)value“評(píng)價(jià)；重視”。由上文butmarketerscanhelpcustomersmakeappropriatelyindulgentchoices“但是市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷者能幫助消費(fèi)者做出適當(dāng)放縱的選擇”和下文overthelongterm“從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看”可以推測(cè)出答案為B。

20.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)inpublic“公開地，當(dāng)眾”；B選項(xiàng)inadvance“預(yù)先，提前”；C選項(xiàng)ingeneral“總之”；D選項(xiàng)indetail“詳細(xì)地”。結(jié)合下文Aftertheshoppingtrip“在購(gòu)物之旅后”可以判斷出最符合的答案是選項(xiàng)B。

21.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)chance“機(jī)會(huì)，際遇；運(yùn)氣”；B選項(xiàng)opportunity“時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)capability“才能，能力；性能，容量”；D選項(xiàng)possibility“可能性；可能發(fā)生的事物”。聯(lián)系下文可知正確選項(xiàng)為D。

22.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事”。可知A選項(xiàng)為最佳答案。

23.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)attract“吸引”；B選項(xiàng)cause“引起；使遭受；給……帶來(lái)”；C選項(xiàng)render“致使；提出”；D選項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作”。結(jié)合后文“thegreatestregret”中文翻譯為：最大的遺憾，可知最佳答案為B。

24.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合上文“Aftertheshoppingtrip,weexaminedtheconsumers’actualpurchase”中文翻譯為：在這個(gè)購(gòu)物之旅后，我們檢查了這些消費(fèi)者實(shí)際購(gòu)買的東西，可以判斷選項(xiàng)A“如我們所料”正確。

25.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。tendtodosth.“傾向于做某事”，結(jié)合上下文可知答案為C。

26.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)unless“除非，如果不”；B選項(xiàng)although“盡管；雖然”；C選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……時(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)whereas“然而”。由上文“whereasregretaboutnothavingworked”可知此處應(yīng)該表示“然而”，故答案為D。

27.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合下文“Consumers,too,canbenefitfromsuchprompts.”，中文翻譯為：消費(fèi)者也可以從這些提示中受益，可知C為最佳答案。

28.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。聯(lián)系上文“forgotheindulgentchoice”，中文翻譯為：放棄這個(gè)放縱的選擇，和下文“afamilyvacation”，中文翻譯為：一個(gè)家庭度假，可知此處應(yīng)為forgo的近義詞，故選A。

29.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)even“甚至，連，即使；更加”；B選項(xiàng)never“從未；決不”；C選項(xiàng)still“仍然；靜止地”；D選項(xiàng)ever“永遠(yuǎn)；曾經(jīng)；究竟”。聯(lián)系上文“Nobodyonhisdeathbed”中文翻譯為：沒(méi)有人在彌留之際，判斷出D為最佳答案。

30.【試題解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)上文“Nobodyonhisdeathbed”中文翻譯為：沒(méi)有人在彌留之際，以及空格前的wish可知此處為與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/couldhavedone?？芍鸢笧锽。

17.單選題

Theascenttothemountainis（）butanyonewhomakesittothetopisrewardedbyaspectacularview.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpful

B.assiduous

C.arduous

D.unique

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。helpful“有幫助的”；assiduous“刻苦的，勤勉的”；arduous“努力的，費(fèi)力的”；unique“特別的”。句意：登到山頂是艱苦的，但任何成功登頂?shù)娜硕紩?huì)欣賞到壯觀的景色。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”,thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereaso