考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津理工大學(xué)中環(huán)信息學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津理工大學(xué)中環(huán)信息學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby（

）themthatIcangetthemon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stretching

B.spreading

C.extending

D.squeezing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)stretch“拉長(zhǎng)，撐大，伸展”，指由曲變直、由短變長(zhǎng)的伸展，不是加長(zhǎng)，側(cè)重“形狀的變化”.；B選項(xiàng)spread“伸開”，指建筑，道路和時(shí)間等的延伸；C選項(xiàng)extend“延伸”，指在空間或時(shí)間上延伸，一般有一個(gè)大致的延伸方向；D選項(xiàng)squeeze“擠壓”。根據(jù)gloves（手套）可知此處表示手套太小了，只有把它們撐大才能戴上，因此選A。句意：手套真的太小了，只有把它們伸展開來(lái)，我才能戴上。

2.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娛樂”；symposium“討論會(huì)；座談會(huì)”；penalty“懲罰，處罰”。句意：在過去的十五年來(lái)，跑步已經(jīng)成為了一種流行的消遣方式，不同年齡段共三千萬(wàn)人的參與。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestorethicalthanotherpeople.Butintheirprofessiontheyworkinanarenathatputsahigh（）onhonesty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conviction

B.inference

C.caution

D.premium

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配題。putahighpremiumon"髙度重視"。句意：離開他們的職業(yè)，科學(xué)家本質(zhì)上并不比其他人更誠(chéng)實(shí)或更有道德。但在他們的職業(yè)生涯中，他們是在一個(gè)髙度重視誠(chéng)信的領(lǐng)域里工作的。

4.單選題

Thereisno（）evidencethatthediplomaticrelationswillberestoredtonormalbetweenthesetwocountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tangible

B.touchable

C.noticeable

D.inevitable

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。tangible“切實(shí)的”；touchable“可觸摸的”；noticeable“顯著的”；inevitable“不可避免的”。句意：沒有確鑿的證據(jù)證明這兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間的關(guān)系將恢復(fù)正常。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

To（）forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。commmence入手；compromise妥協(xié)，折中；compensate賠償；，彌補(bǔ)，抵消；compliment恭維，稱贊。由后半句他喝了過多的酒是來(lái)消除他不愉快的經(jīng)歷，借酒消愁。故C項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

9.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisanoddcharacter.

B.Sheisverypick.

C.Sheisveryeasy-going.

D.Sheliesfashion.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Thereisonegirlatmyschoolwhomeverybodypickson.

W:Why?

M:Becauseshedoesn’twearwhateverybodyelsewears.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthegirlinquestion?

【解析】推斷題。男士說(shuō)：Becauseshedoesn’twearwhateverybodyelsewears（她的穿著從來(lái)都是與眾不同），由此推斷她的個(gè)性與常人迥異。

7.單選題

Takeataxi,（）you’llmissyourtrain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.if

C.otherwise

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】句意:搭出租車過去，不然你會(huì)趕不上火車。

考查連詞辨析。Otherwise表示選擇和轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系,意為“如果不…，會(huì)…”,符合句意。

8.單選題

Please（）fromsmokinguntiltheaeroplaneisairborne.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refrain

B.prevent

C.resist

D.restrain

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。refrainfrom克制，抑制，忍?。籶reventfrom阻止，制止；resist一般與to搭配，意為“抵抗，反抗”；restrain的用法為restrainsb.fromdoingsth.,意為“阻止某人做某事”。這里指克制住抽煙的沖動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Whythisotherwiseexcellentnewspaperallowssuchanarticletobeprintedis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboveme

B.beyondme

C.besideme

D.liptome

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。above“在…之上”；beyond“超過”；beside“在……旁邊”；up“在…上方”。句意：我實(shí)在無(wú)法理解，這份本來(lái)很出色的報(bào)紙?jiān)趺磿?huì)允許這篇文章被發(fā)表出來(lái)。beyondsb.超出某人能理解的范圍。答案B

10.單選題

Iwouldrather___troubleandhardshiplikethatthan___byothers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadtakecareof

B.have...takencareof

C.had...takencareof

D.have...betakencareof

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配wouldratherdosth.thandosth.“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”可知空格處要填入原型，排除A，B，C選項(xiàng)。句意：我寧愿有困難，也不愿被別人照顧。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

EconomyTerrorizedFromWallStreettoMainStreet,Layoffs,Losses,andLittleHopeThepopularwordinbusinessbeforeSeptember11was“visibility”.Companyaftercompanycomplainedabouttheirgloomyfuturebecauseoftheworseningeconomy.Now,though,corporateAmericahasaclearvisionoftheimmediatefuture—andit’snotagoodone.“Theattackhasturnedthebusinessworldupsidedown,”saysDianeSwonk,chiefeconomistatBankOneinChicago.

Companieshavebeenawareofthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacks.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorror,suchasBoeingandMarriott,warnedoflowerprofits.Airlinelayoffsalonewilltop100,000,pushingsomeanalyststosayasmanyasonemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.OnCapitolHill,LawmakersandtheBushadministrationbeganpreparinganeconomicemergencyresponse.“Thefoundationsofourfreesocietyremainsound,andIamconfidentthatwewillrecoverandprosperaswehaveinthepast,”FederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspantoldCongress.

AchiefexecutiveofFrontierAirlinesinDenverlastweekannounceda20percentflightreductionandlargescalelayoffs.

OnWallStreet,marketstumbledamidthelikelihoodofrecessionandwar:TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellnearly700pointsMonday.“It’snolongeraboutearningsortheeconomyorinterestratesanymore,”saysMorganStanleymarketstrategistPeterCanelo.“It’saboutfear.”

SomeobserversbelieveWashington’sresponsecouldbeeffectivetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.“Therecoverycouldbemuchsmootherthanexpectedduetothefiscalandmonetarystimuluswe’reinstorefor,”saysRichardWeiss,chiefinvestmentofficerforCityNationalBank.

RestoringconsumerconfidenceisatoppriorityforGreenspanandCongress,giventhatconsumerspendingaccountsforabouttwothirdsofthenation’stotaloutput.Tothatend,theFedhasbeenfloodingthemarketswithcash.Congress,meanwhile,isawashinplanstospendmoney,drawingdownthe$153billionSocialSecuritysurplus.There’seventalkoffurthertaxcuts.

TheeconomicdevastationoftheworstdisasteronAmericansoilisfarandwide.Lastweek,individualindustriesbegantoestimatetheloss.

Airlines

While“recessionsarebadfortheairlineindustry,terrorismisworse,”saysaseniorvicepresidentataviationconsultantsAvitas.Nowbothareseriousproblemsforairliners,asheavilyindebtedandcash-poorcompaniesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.Expertspredictthatthiswillputsomeairlinersoutofbusinessandthetotalindustrylosseswillamountto$10billionbytheendofnextyear.

When—andif—theindustryrecovers,itwillhavebeenfundamentallychanged.Passengersmightfindfewerflightsoverallandlimitedservicetosmallerairports,asairlinesfocusonlarge,profitablehubs(交通樞紐).

Oil

AsU.S.navalforcesheadedoutfromNorfolktowardtheMiddleEast，theoilmarketwasnervousbutfocusedasmuchonrecessionasonthethreatofwar.Crudepricessliddownwardduetothepredictedeconomicslowdownandadropinairtravelwhichwouldreducedemand.Still,withtheprospectofarmedconflictveryreal,analystsseeconsiderableriskofhigherenergyprices,especiallywhenthewarmightinvolveIraq,anoil-producingcountry.

ButMichaelLynchoftheresearchfirmDRI-WEFAsaidthatdespitedecreasingdemand,theterrorattackhadproducedan“uncertaintyeffect”thatwouldpossiblydriveoilpriceshigherintheweeksahead.Lynchsaidthatoilcompaniesandlargeindustrialusersofoilverylikelywouldattempttobuildtheirinventoriesamiduncertainty.

Retailing

Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.FederatedDepartmentStores，whichownsBloomingdale’sandMacy’s,saidsalesduringtheweekwere$65million,orabout20percent,belowitsforecasts.Otherretailers,includingWal-MartStoresandbookstorechainsBordersGroupandBarnes&Noble,aswellasteenapparelretailerAmericanEagleOutfitters,reportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.“Forthemostpart,salesarestartingtocomeback,butthey’renotwherewewantthemtobe,”saysTracyMullin,presidentoftheNationalRetailFederation.

Consumersalreadyplanningthepurchaseofanewcar,appliance,orotherbig-ticketitemmaygoahead,butforgetthosewhohadonlybeguntothinkaboutbuying,saysMarianFriestad,presidentoftheSocietyforConsumerPsychology.“Thiswouldbeatimewhenpeoplewouldnotbeparticularlyopentochangingtheirpurchasebehaviorortryingnewthings,”shesays.Frivolouspurchases,likeperfumeandfashion,willprobablydecline.

Media

OnMadisonAvenue,advertisingindustryexecutivesestimatedtheirlossesafternearlyaweekwithoutnetworkTVads.Butthatisnotall.ManycompaniesfeltitinappropriatetoadvertiseduringsuchatimeoftragedyandcanceledtheircommercialsonTV.

Thistrendislikelytomeanfurtherlossesforanindustryalreadysufferingfromasharpcutbackinspending.

Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated$320millioninlostasrevenuesduetotheattack.Andfourofthecountry’snewspapergroupswarnedofashortfallinthird-quarterearningsbecauseofcanceledads.

Entertainment

ThemostpressingquestionrightnowiswhatwillhappeninTV,alreadysufferingfromabigdropinadvertising.Althoughthenewseasonhasbeenprettywellpurgedofanyreferencesthatmightbedeemedoffensiveinthewakeoftheattack,thereisseriousdoubtaboutviewers’tastesinthefuture.

Twobig-budgetfilms—BigTroubleandCollateralDamage—wereshelvedindefinitelylastweek.OthermovieswithNewYorkthemeswerepushedback.StillmoreweresimplyscrubbedcleanoftheirreferencestoterrorismandtheWorldTradeCenter.However,theentertainmentindustrymaynotsufferlong-termdamage,withlossesexpectedtoleveloffbythefirstquarterofnextyear,accordingtoanalysts.

Insurance

Alreadystunnedbyaplungeinprofitsandlossesfromstormsinthefirsthalfoftheyear,propertyandcasualtyinsurersnowfaceevenworse.“Allprofitswillbewipedout,”saysananalyst.Despitesomeloss,analystsareconfidentthattheindustrywillbeabletomeettheestimated$30billioninprojectedclaims,alossthatcouldescalateifcostlybusiness-interruptionandpersonalinjuryclaimsaccelerate.

Onethingiscertain:Therewillbehigherratesandmorelimitedcoverageforterroristorwar-relatedevents,especiallyforairlines.

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisNOTthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacksintheU.S.?

9.ThemostimportanttaskfortheBushAdministrationisto____.

10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutairlineslossisWRONG?

11.ThetwoseriousproblemsforAmericanairlinementionedinthepassageare____.

12.Theeffectofthisattackontheoilpriceis____.

13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretailingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

14.Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated____inlostadrevenues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorrorwillsufferlowerprofits.

B.Onemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.

C.TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellabout700points.

D.Washingtonalsolosesitsconfidencetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.estimateanexactloss

B.limitimmigration

C.cuttaxforallthecompanies

D.restoreconsumerconfidence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someairlinesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.

B.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.

C.Thetotalindustrylosseswillreach$10billionbytheendofthisyear.

D.Someairlinerswillbeputoutofbusiness.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.recessionsandterrorism

B.oilpriceandeconomydepression

C.airlineserviceandsafety

D.layoffsandfinance

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.uncertain

B.slim

C.clear

D.unprecedented

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.

B.SomeretailersarestilloptimisticabouttheirsalesinthecomingChristmasseason.

C.Someretailersreportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.

D.Suchfrivolouspurchasesasperfumeandfashionwillprobablydecline.

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.$10million

B.$65million

C.$320million

D.$153million

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

【解析】8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)文章，什么不是恐怖襲擊可能給美國(guó)造成的損失”，可定位到原文第2段第1句Companieshavebeenawareofthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacks.（公司已經(jīng)意識(shí)到恐怖襲擊可能造成的損失。）A選項(xiàng)“直接受到恐慌影響的公司利潤(rùn)會(huì)降低”，可定位到第2段第2句Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorror,…,warnedoflowerprofits.（直接受到恐怖襲擊影響的公司……都發(fā)出了利潤(rùn)下降的警告。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；B選項(xiàng)“100萬(wàn)工人可能會(huì)因?yàn)橐u擊后的影響而失去工作”，可定位到第2段第3句Airlinelayoffsalonewilltop100,000,pushingsomeanalyststosayasmanyasonemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.（僅航空公司的裁員人數(shù)就將超過10萬(wàn)人，因此一些分析人士認(rèn)為，由于襲擊事件的影響，多達(dá)100萬(wàn)名員工可能會(huì)失去工作。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；C選項(xiàng)“道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)下跌約700點(diǎn)”，可定位到第4段第1句OnWallStreet,marketstumbledamidthelikelihoodofrecessionandwar:TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellnearly700pointsMonday.（在華爾街，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的可能性，市場(chǎng)下跌：道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)周一下跌近700點(diǎn)。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；D選項(xiàng)“華盛頓對(duì)防止經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步惡化也失去信心”，可定位到第5段最后一句“Therecoverycouldbemuchsmootherthanexpectedduetothefiscalandmonetarystimuluswe’reinstorefor,”saysRichardWeiss,chiefinvestmentofficerforCityNationalBank.（花旗國(guó)民銀行首席投資官RichardWeiss表示：“由于我們準(zhǔn)備采取的財(cái)政和貨幣刺激措施，復(fù)蘇可能比預(yù)期要平穩(wěn)得多?！保┯纱丝芍?，政府并未對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展失去信心，D符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

9.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“布什政府最重要的任務(wù)是”,可定位到原文第6段第1句RestoringconsumerconfidenceisatoppriorityforGreenspanandCongress…（恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者信心是Greenspan和國(guó)會(huì)的首要任務(wù)……）由此可知，國(guó)會(huì)即政府最重要的任務(wù)是恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者的信心，D選項(xiàng)“重振消費(fèi)者的信心”表述正確。A選項(xiàng)“估計(jì)確切的損失”，可定位到原文第7段最后一句Lastweek,individualindustriesbegantoestimatetheloss.（上周，個(gè)別行業(yè)開始估算損失。）由此可知，估計(jì)損失并不是政府的工作，排除；B選項(xiàng)“限制移民”，原文并未提及，排除；C選項(xiàng)“為所有公司減稅”，可定位到原文第6段最后一句There’seventalkoffurthertaxcuts.（甚至還有關(guān)于進(jìn)一步減稅的討論。）由此可知，政府的確有減稅的打算，但是，結(jié)合本段主旨，政府打算減稅是為了恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者的信心，所以減稅不是最重要的任務(wù)，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

10.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“下列關(guān)于航空公司損失的陳述哪一項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的”，可定位到原文Airlines小節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)“一些航空公司的預(yù)訂量大幅減少”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段第2句Nowbothareseriousproblemsforairliners,asheavilyindebtedandcash-poorcompaniesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.（如今，這兩種情況對(duì)航空公司來(lái)說(shuō)都是嚴(yán)重的問題，因?yàn)樨?fù)債累累、現(xiàn)金匱乏的公司的預(yù)訂量大幅減少。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；B選項(xiàng)“有些飛機(jī)的上座率還不到一半”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段第3句Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.（有些飛機(jī)的上座率還不到一半。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；C選項(xiàng)“到今年年底，整個(gè)行業(yè)的損失將達(dá)到100億美元”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段最后一句Expertspredictthat…thetotalindustrylosseswillamountto$10billionbytheendofnextyear.（專家預(yù)測(cè)，……到明年年底，整個(gè)行業(yè)的損失將達(dá)到100億美元。）由此可知，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，不是今年年底，而是明年年底，該選項(xiàng)符合題意；D選項(xiàng)“一些航空公司將被淘汰”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段最后一句Expertspredictthatthiswillputsomeairlinersoutofbusiness…（專家預(yù)測(cè)，這將使一些航空公司破產(chǎn)……），由此可知，D選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

11.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“文中提到的美國(guó)航空公司面臨的兩個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題是____”，可定位到原文Airlines小節(jié)第1段第1句While“recessionsarebadfortheairlineindustry,terrorismisworse,”saysaseniorvicepresidentataviationconsultantsAvitas.（航空咨詢公司Avitas的一位高級(jí)副總裁說(shuō)：“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退對(duì)航空業(yè)不利，恐怖主義則更糟?！保┯纱丝芍?，美國(guó)航空公司面臨的兩個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和恐怖主義。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和恐怖主義”表述符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“油價(jià)和經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條”、C選項(xiàng)“航空服務(wù)和安全”、D選項(xiàng)“裁員和金融”，原文均未提及。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

12.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“這次襲擊對(duì)油價(jià)的影響是”，可定位到原文Oil小節(jié)。本小節(jié)第1段第2句Crudepricessliddownwardduetothepredictedeconomicslowdownandadropinairtravelwhichwouldreducedemand.（由于預(yù)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，以及航空旅行的減少導(dǎo)致的原油需求減少，原油價(jià)格下跌。）和第1段第3句…analystsseeconsiderableriskofhigherenergyprices,especiallywhenthewarmightinvolveIraq,anoil-producingcountry.（……分析人士認(rèn)為，能源價(jià)格上漲有相當(dāng)大的可能，尤其是當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)可能涉及石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)伊拉克的時(shí)候。）綜合兩句可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩和航空公司對(duì)原油的需求減少，可能導(dǎo)致原油價(jià)格下降，而可能發(fā)生在石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致原油價(jià)格上升，所以這次襲擊對(duì)油價(jià)的影響是不確定的。本節(jié)第2段第1句的“uncertaintyeffect（不確定的影響）”以及最后一句里的“amiduncertainty（在不確定的情況下）”都進(jìn)一步證明了這種影響的不確定性，A選項(xiàng)“不確定的”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“很小的”、C選項(xiàng)“清楚的”、D選項(xiàng)“空前的”，表述都不正確。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

13.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“下面哪個(gè)關(guān)于零售的陳述沒有在文章中提到”，可定位到原文Retailing小節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)“在襲擊發(fā)生的那一周，許多購(gòu)物者都呆在家里”，可定位到本節(jié)第1段第1句Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.（在襲擊發(fā)生的那一周，許多購(gòu)物者都待在家里。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除；B選項(xiàng)“一些零售商對(duì)即將到來(lái)的圣誕季的銷售仍持樂觀態(tài)度”可定位到本節(jié)第1段最后一句“Forthemostpart,salesarestartingtocomeback,butthey’renotwherewewantthemtobe,”saysTracyMullin,presidentoftheNationalRetailFederation.（“在很大程度上，銷售開始回升，但還沒有達(dá)到我們的預(yù)期，”美國(guó)零售聯(lián)合會(huì)主席TracyMullin說(shuō)。）由此可知，雖然銷售開始回升，但是還是沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期，無(wú)法得出“樂觀”的結(jié)論。另外原文沒有關(guān)于圣誕季銷售的表述，無(wú)從得知零售商們的態(tài)度。C選項(xiàng)“一些零售商報(bào)告稱銷售額迅速下降，但上周末有所反彈”，可定位到本屆第1段第3句Otherretailers,including…,reportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.（包括……在內(nèi)的其他零售商的銷售額都出現(xiàn)了快速下滑，但上周末出現(xiàn)了一些反彈。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除；D選項(xiàng)“諸如香水和時(shí)尚等無(wú)關(guān)緊要的商品的購(gòu)買可能會(huì)減少”，可定位到本節(jié)第2段最后一句Frivolouspurchases,likeperfumeandfashion,willprobablydecline.（諸如香水和時(shí)尚之類無(wú)關(guān)緊要的商品的消費(fèi)可能會(huì)減少。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

14.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“六家電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)已經(jīng)報(bào)道了估計(jì)____的廣告收入損失”，可定位到原文Media小節(jié)第3段第1句Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated$320millioninlostasrevenuesduetotheattack.（六家電視網(wǎng)已經(jīng)報(bào)告說(shuō)，這次攻擊造成的收入損失估計(jì)為3.2億美元。）C選項(xiàng)“3.2億美元”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“1000萬(wàn)美元”、B選項(xiàng)“6500萬(wàn)美元”、D選項(xiàng)“1.53億美元”表述不正確。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

12.單選題

Thecountry’sdeficitthatyear（）toarecord169.8billiondollars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soared

B.soured

C.sored

D.sourced

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)soared“飆升，驟然上升”；B選項(xiàng)soured“發(fā)酵，厭煩”；C選項(xiàng)sored“弄傷”；D選項(xiàng)sourced“發(fā)動(dòng)，尋找來(lái)源”。句意：該國(guó)當(dāng)年的赤字_____創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1698億美元。這里表達(dá)的是“當(dāng)年的赤字飆升至……”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Thecaptainperformshisdutieswithgreat_______andallthecrewbelievedthattheycangetoverthestorm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.affection

B.suspicion

C.assurance

D.definition

【答案】C

【解析】affection喜愛,影響;suspicion懷疑;assurance確信,斷言,withassurance指有把握地,自信地;definition定義。句意：船長(zhǎng)信心十足地履行著他的職責(zé)，所有的船員都相信他們能夠戰(zhàn)勝暴風(fēng)雨。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

14.單選題

Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960'sand70's,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemissionsoriginatingintheUnitedStates.InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunleadedgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.

AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland.ThenewstudyisaresultofthecontinuedresearchledbyDr.CharlesBoutron,anexpertontheimpactofheavymetalsontheenvironmentattheNationalCenterforScientificResearchinFrance.AstudybyDr.Boutronpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarcticsnowweredeclining.

Inhisnewstudy,Dr.BoutronfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadintheleadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolineandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiatetheleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.

InastudypublishedinthejournalAmbio,scientistsfoundthatleadlevelsinsoilintheNorth-easternUnitedStateshaddecreasedmarkedlysincetheintroductionofunleadedgasoline.

Manyscientistshadbelievedthattheleadwouldstayinsoilandsnowforalongerperiod.

TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyexaminedsamplesoftheupperlayersofsoiltakenfromthesamesitesof30forestfloorsinNewEngland,NewYorkandPennsylvaniain1980andin1990.

Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.

Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystemrespondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthesefindingsshouldnotbeusedasalicensetopollute.

1.Thestudypublishedinthejournal.Natureindicatesthat（）.

2.LeadaccumulationworldwidedecreasedsignificantlyaftertheuseofunleadedgasintheUS（）.

3.HowdidscientistsdiscoverthesourceofleadpollutioninGreenland?

4.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyhavefoundthat（）.

5.Itcanbeinferred,fromthelastparagraphthatscientists（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theCleanAirActhasnotproducedthedesiredresults

B.leaddepositsinarcticsnowareontheincrease

C.leadwillstayinsoilandsnowlongerthanexpected

D.theUSisthemajorsourceofleadpollutioninarcticsnow

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasdiscouraged

B.wasenforcedbylaw

C.wasprohibitedbylaw

D.wasintroduced

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ByanalyzingthedatapublishedinjournalslikeNatureandAmbio.

B.Byobservingtheleadaccumulationsindifferentpartsofthearcticarea.

C.BystudyingthechemicalelementsofsoilandsnowinNortheasternAmerica.

D.Bycomparingthechemicalcompositionsofleadedgasolineusedinvariouscountries.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.forestsgetridofleadpollutionfasterthanexpected

B.leadaccumulationsinforestsaremoredifficulttodealwith

C.leaddepositsarewidelydistributedintheforestsoftheUS

D.theupperlayersofsoilinforestsareeasilypollutedbyleademissions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.arepuzzledbythemysteryofforestpollution

B.feelrelievedbytheuseofunleadedgasoline

C.stillconsiderleadpollution,aproblem

D.lacksufficientmeanstocombatleadpollution

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到第二段"AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland."最近發(fā)表在《自然》（Nature）雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，美國(guó)通過空氣傳播的含鉛氣體排放是導(dǎo)致格陵蘭雪中鉛含量高的主要原因?？芍撗芯勘砻髅绹?guó)是到導(dǎo)致北極雪中鉛污染的主要來(lái)源。D項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)與“AstudybyDr.Boutronpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarcticsnowweredeclining.”不符。AC兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與該研究無(wú)關(guān)。答案D。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段“InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunleadedgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.”在《清潔空氣法》強(qiáng)制要求美國(guó)使用無(wú)鉛氣體的二十年里，全世界的鉛積累量已顯著下降?？芍獙?duì)美國(guó)使用無(wú)鉛氣體是法律的強(qiáng)制要求。B項(xiàng)正確。

判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到文中第三段“Inhisnewstudy,Dr.BoutronfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadintheleadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolineandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiatetheleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.”“在他的新研究中，布隆博士發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)使用的含鉛汽油中不同形式的鉛的比例與歐洲、亞洲和加拿大的汽油不同，因此科學(xué)家能夠區(qū)分鉛的來(lái)源。在格陵蘭雪中發(fā)現(xiàn)的主要鉛含量與在美國(guó)汽油中發(fā)現(xiàn)的鉛含量相當(dāng)?！庇纱丝芍茖W(xué)家通過將美國(guó)含鉛汽油中的化學(xué)成分與其他國(guó)家的對(duì)比，找到了格林蘭雪中鉛的來(lái)源。D項(xiàng)正確。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到倒數(shù)第二段“Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.森林環(huán)境處理和重新分配鉛的速度比科學(xué)家預(yù)期的要快?！笨芍狝項(xiàng)正確。

判斷推理題。由最后一段“Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystemrespondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthesefindingsshouldnotbeusedasalicensetopollute.科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，這兩項(xiàng)研究都表明，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的某些部分對(duì)大氣污染的減少做出了迅速反應(yīng)，但這些發(fā)現(xiàn)不應(yīng)被用作污染的許可證。”可知雖然大氣污染減少后，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)也作出了相應(yīng)快速積極的反應(yīng)，但是科學(xué)家仍然認(rèn)為不能抱有僥幸心理，應(yīng)該仍然控制污染。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Petroleumisnature’s______ofthehydrocarbon—remainsofmanyformsofmarinelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.component

B.composition

C.composite

D.complication

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)component“組成部分，成分，組件”，B項(xiàng)composition“作文，作曲，作品”，C項(xiàng)composite“復(fù)合材料，合成物”，D項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜化”。根據(jù)句子空格處部分的意思“石油是自然界的……碳?xì)浠衔铩笨芍崭裉幪钊搿昂铣晌铩弊罘险Z(yǔ)境。句意：石油是自然界中多種海洋生物殘留的碳?xì)浠衔锏暮铣晌铩Ｒ虼?，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Womenbossesareviewedaslessqualifiedandcapablethantheirmale（

）accordingtoastudy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.equivalents

B.counterparts

C.peers

D.substitutes

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。equivalent意為“同等物”；counterpart意為“職位(或作用)相當(dāng)?shù)娜恕?；peer意為“同齡人”；substitute意為“替代物”。

句意：根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，女性老板被認(rèn)為不如男性老板合格、有能力。

17.單選題

Biologicalwizardryofadifferentsortisresponsiblefortheruggednessofsea-earshells,whichunderhigh-poweredmicroscopesresemble______constructedstonewalls.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reversibly

B.elaborately

C.spontaneously

D.concurrently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reversibly“可逆地”；B選項(xiàng)elaborately“精巧地；苦心經(jīng)營(yíng)地”；C選項(xiàng)spontaneously“自發(fā)地；自然地；不由自主地”；D選項(xiàng)concurrently“同時(shí)地；兼營(yíng)；兼任地；并發(fā)地”。句意：鮑魚殼的堅(jiān)固是由另一種生物魔法造成的，在高倍顯微鏡下，它就像精心建造的石墻。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Theworkloadcanbeevenedout,insteadoftheshophavingbusytimesand（

）periods.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.memorable

C.discrete

D.slack

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prosperous“繁榮的，興旺的”；memorable“難忘的，值得紀(jì)念的”；discrete“離散的，不連續(xù)的”；slack“松弛的，蕭條的”。句意：工作量可以均衡分配，這樣商店就不會(huì)有旺季和淡季之分。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

19.單選題

WhenIsaidgoodbyetoher,she______thedoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sawmeat

B.setmeoff

C.sentmeto

D.showedmeto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)seemeat沒有這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，B項(xiàng)setsb.off“使某人開始做某事”，C項(xiàng)sendsb.to“把某人送到某地”，D項(xiàng)showsb.tothedoor“把某人送到門口”。結(jié)合句子的意思可知D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：當(dāng)我向她說(shuō)再見時(shí)，她把我送到門口。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Fewofuscanignorechangesinourimmediateenvironment.

B.Itisimpossibleforustobeimmunefromoutsideinfluence.

C.Fewofuscanremainunawareofwhathappensaroundus.

D.Itisimportantforustokeepintouchwithourownworld.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Makeuphismindtostartalloveragain.

B.Stopmakingunfairjudgementsofothers.

C.Trytofindamoreexcitingjobsomewhereelse.

D.Recognisethenegativeimpactofhiscoworkers.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarequitesusceptibletosuicide.

B.Theyimprovepeople’squalityoflife.

C.Theysufferagreatdealfromillhealth.

D.Theyhelppeoplesolvementalproblems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

【解析】RecordingTwo

Weareverysusceptibletotheinfluenceofthepeoplearoundus.Forinstance,youmayhaveknownsomebodywhohasgoneoverseasforayearorsoandhasreturnedwithanaccentperhaps.Webecomepartofourimmediateenvironment.[19]Noneofusareimmunetotheinfluencesofourownworldandletusnotkidourselvesthatweareuntouchedbythethingsandthepeopleinourlife.Fredgoesofftohisnewjobatafactory.Fredtakeshisten-minutecoffeebreak,buttheotherworkerstakeahalf-an-hour.Fredsays,“What’sthematterwithyouguys?”Twoweekslater,Fredistakingtwenty-minutebreaks.Amonthlater,Fredtakeshishalf-hour.Fredissaying,“Ifyoucan’tbeatthem,jointhem.WhyshouldIworkanyharderthanthenextguy?”

Thefascinatingthingaboutbeinghumanisthatgenerallyweareunawarethattherearechangestakingplaceinourmentality.Itislikereturningtothecity’ssmogaftersomeweeksinthefreshair.Onlythendowerealizethatwehavebecomeaccustomedtothenastysmells.Mixwithcriticalpeople,andwelearntocriticize.Mixwithhappypeople,andwelearnabouthappiness.Whatthismeansisthatweneedtodecidewhatwewantfromlifeandthenchooseourcompany,accordingly.Youmaywellsay,“Thatisgoingtotakesomeeffort.Itmaynotbecomfortable.Imayoffendsomeofmypresentcompany.”Right,butitisyourlife.[20]Fredmaysay,“I’malwaysbroke,frequentlydepressed.I’mgoingnowhere,andIneverdoanythingexciting.”ThenwediscoverthatFred’sbestfriendsarealwaysbroke,frequentlydepressed，goingnowhereandwishingthatlifewasmoreexciting.Thisisnotcoincidence,norisitourbusinesstostandinjudgmentofFred.However,ifFredeverwantstoimprovehisqualityoflife,[20]thefirstthinghe’llneedtodoisrecognizewhathasbeengoingonalltheseyears.

[21]It’snosurprisethatdoctorsasaprofessionsufferalotofillhealthbecausetheyspendtheirlivesaroundsickpeople.Psychiatristshaveahigherincidenceofsuicideintheirprofessionforrelatedreasons.Traditionally,nineoutoftenchildrenwhoseparents’smoke,smokethemselves.Obesityisinpartanenvironmentalproblem.Successfulpeoplehavesuccessfulfriends,andsothestorygoeson.

19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutusashumanbeings?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說(shuō)話人提出的關(guān)于人類的觀點(diǎn)是什么？說(shuō)話人說(shuō)到，我們誰(shuí)也不能不受我們所在世界的影響，B選項(xiàng)“人不受外界影響是不可能的”是對(duì)錄音原文的轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“很少人能忽略我們自身所在環(huán)境的變化”和C選項(xiàng)“很少人能忽略我們身邊發(fā)生的事情”都是強(qiáng)調(diào)人們察覺到外界環(huán)境的變化，但錄音中主要講的是我們很少會(huì)意識(shí)到自己心態(tài)上的變化，因此A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)可排除；D選項(xiàng)“保持和世界的聯(lián)系很重要”不屬于說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)，因此也可排除。

20.WhatdoesthespeakersayFredshoulddofirsttoimprovehisqualityoflife?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為Fred先得做什么才能提高生活質(zhì)量？錄音中提及如果Fred想要改善他的生活質(zhì)量，他首先需要做的是認(rèn)識(shí)到這些