考研考博-英語-天津藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Allthecharacteristicsandabilitiesapersonacquiresandalldevelopmentalchangesresultfromtwobasic.Thoughcomplexprocesses:learningandmaturation.Sincethetwoprocessesalmostalwaysinteract,itisdifficulttoseparatetheireffectsfromeachotherortospecifytherelativecontributionofeachtoachild'sdevelopment.Clearly,growthinheightisnotlearnedbutdependsonmaturation,abiologicalprocess.Butimprovementsinmotoractivitiessuchaswalkingdependonmaturationandlearning,andtheinteractionbetweenthem.

What,then,arematurationandlearning?Alldefinitionsofmaturationstressorganicprocessesorstructuralchangesoccurringwithinanindividual'sbodythatarerelativelyindependentofexternalenvironmentalconditions,experiences,orpractice.Bymaturationitismeantdevelopmentoftheorganismasafunctionoftime,orage.

Learninggenerallyreferstochangesinbehaviororperformanceasaconsequenceofexperience.Learningistheprocessbywhichanactivityoriginatesorischangedthroughtrainingproceduresasdistinguishedfromchangesnotattributabletotraining.

Anumberofimportantandstimulatingtheoriesoflearninghavebeenproposed,eachwithitsownsetofprinciplesandhypothesesforexplainingthelearningprocess.Forourpurposes,wedonotneedtobeconcernedwiththespecificdetailsofthelearningprocess,eventhoughlearningplaysthemostimportantroleinmostaspectsofdevelopmentandchange.Weshallemployonlyafewgenerallyacceptedprinciplesoflearninginthisdiscussion.

Specifically,weaccepttheprinciplethatachildwilllearnaresponsemoreeffectivelyandmorethoroughlyifheismotivatedtolearnit.Moreover,hewilllearnaresponsebetterifheisrewardedforlearningit.Accordingtothisview,themorearesponseisrewarded,thestrongeritbecomesandthemorelikelyitistoberepeated.Althoughmostlearninginvolvesmotivationandreward.Ibelievesomelearningdoesoccurwithoutthem.

1.Accordingtothepassage,learning（）.

2.Achild'sdevelopmentdependson（）.

3.Intheauthor'sopinion（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,maturationmeans（）.

5.Thelastsentenceofparagraph4suggeststhat（）.

6.Thephrase“thisview”referstotheviewthat（）.

7.Thebesttitleforthepassagesis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isacomplexprocess

B.isindependentofmaturation.

C.isindependentofexternalenvironmentalconditions

D.referstochangesinbehaviororperformance.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.learningprocess

B.maturationprocess

C.theinteractionsbetweenthetwoprocess

D.neitherofthetwoprocesses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.learningplaysaveryimportantroleinmostaspectsofachild'sdevelopmentandchange

B.therearehardlyanyprinciplesoflearningwhicharegenerallyaccepted

C.achildneverlearnsanythingunlesshehassomeneedordesireforit

D.achildshouldnotberewardeduntilhehaslearnedaresponse

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.beingsophisticatedmentallyandsocially

B.developmentoftheorganismasafunctionoftimeorage

C.beingfullygrowninheightandmentality

D.freedomofadultcaringindailylife

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.someproposedprinciplesoflearningmayhavenotbeenacceptedgenerally

B.principlesoflearningarebeingproposedeveryday

C.onlyafewprinciplesoflearningaregenerallyaccepted

D.mostoftheprinciplesoflearningarenotgenerallyaccepted

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.achildlearnsandmaturesfast.

B.achildwilllearnaresponsebetterifheisrewarded

C.achildlearnsslowlyifheisinabadmood.

D.achildlearnsaresponse

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.AChild'sDevelopment

B.LearningandResponse

C.MotivationinRelationtoLearning

D.MaturationandLearning

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Learninggenerallyreferstochangesinbehaviororperformanceasaconsequenceofexperience.”可知,選項(xiàng)D與原文描述一致。

2.根據(jù)第一段的二三句可知,學(xué)習(xí)和成熟這兩個(gè)過程幾乎總是相互作用的,因此很難將它們的影響彼此分開,也很難指定它們對(duì)兒童發(fā)展的相對(duì)貢獻(xiàn)。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第二句“l(fā)earningplaysthemostimportantroleinmostaspectsofdevelopmentandchange.”可知,選項(xiàng)A與原文描述一致,所以正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“maturationitismeantdevelopmentoftheorganismasafunctionoftime,orage.”可知,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第四段最后一句話：在這次討論中,我們將只采用幾個(gè)普遍接受的學(xué)習(xí)原則。由此可推斷,還有部分原則沒有被公眾所接受,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

6.根據(jù)原文可知,“thisview”指的是上文提出的觀點(diǎn)“hewilllearnaresponsebetterifheisrewardedforlearningit.”如果他能得到學(xué)習(xí)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),他就能更好地學(xué)習(xí)反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

7.本文主要是圍繞“學(xué)習(xí)和成熟”這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞展開討論的,所以選項(xiàng)D最能概括全文。

2.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthescience.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeactInnovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisdifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower,norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploitratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichasnobearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBachinstrikingoriginalways.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,distinctionsbetweenthoseengagedinthecreativeartsandinnaturalsciencescaninpartbeexplainedby(

).

2.WhyisBeethovenratedamonghighlycreativeartists,fromtheauthor’spointofview?

3.Thepassageimpliesthatanoriginalcontributioninscienceisonethat(

).

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthefinalsentenceofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferentobjectivesofthoseinvolvedintheserespectivepursuits

B.thedifferentmethodstheyemployincollectingdatatosupporttheirtheories

C.thedifferentwaysinwhichtheyattempttoextendacceptedconventionalforms

D.thedifferentprinciplesoforganizationthattheyutilizeinordertocreatenewworks

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausehesoughttobecometheonlycomposerofhistimetochallengeacceptedmusicalconventions.

B.Becauseheadoptedanewprincipleoforganizationinhisworkbyutilizinginnovativestrategies.

C.Becausehecreativelymanipulatedtheacceptedrulesandformsgoverningmusicalcomposition.

D.Becausehesynthesizedatranslationbetweentheolderstylisticconventionandthenewermusicalform.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isoftenquotedintheworkofotherscientists

B.iscarefulnottomakeavaluejudgmentabouttheuseofdata

C.isapplaudedbyalldistinguishedexperimentalists

D.generatesanovelandwell-foundedgeneralization

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Inthesimilarmanner,severalmodecomposerssuccessfullyestablishedmusicalconventions.

B.Similarly,thesucceedinggenerationofcomposersmanipulatedacceptedmusicalforms.

C.IncontrasttoBeethoven,however,evengreatmodemcomposerslikeBelaBartokdidnotattempttoalteracceptedmusicalconventions.

D.Musicologistsarecontinuingtostudythecompositionalstylesofcomposersinordertodeterminewhethertheircontributionshavebeeninnovative.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題詢問在從事藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作和自然科學(xué)之間的差別。根據(jù)原文“Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.極富創(chuàng)意的藝術(shù)和極具創(chuàng)意的科學(xué)之間的差異來自于自己的目標(biāo)的差異。對(duì)于科學(xué)，新理論是創(chuàng)造性行為的目的和歸宿?！笨芍獌烧咧g的差異是在它們的目的不同，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容"IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikingoriginalways.有關(guān)貝多芬，人們稱他推翻了種種規(guī)則，將音樂從傳統(tǒng)的令人窒息的范圍中解放出來。然而，對(duì)他音樂作品一番細(xì)致的研究會(huì)揭示出貝多芬根本沒有推翻任何規(guī)則。實(shí)質(zhì)上，他是一個(gè)無以倫比的謀略家。善于以令人矚目的獨(dú)特方式利用各種局限從諸如海頓和莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫這些前輩那里繼承而來的各種規(guī)則、形式和傳統(tǒng)。可知D選項(xiàng)‘他綜合了新舊音樂形式之間的轉(zhuǎn)換’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段最后一句“Whathighlycreativeactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploitratherthantranscendthatform.高度創(chuàng)造的藝術(shù)活動(dòng)所創(chuàng)造的，不是一種全新的、超越既已確立之局限的普遍性原則，而是一種美學(xué)上的獨(dú)特之物。由高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)家所創(chuàng)造的美學(xué)上的獨(dú)特事物，以一種富予創(chuàng)新的方式，拓寬或利用既存形式的局限，而不是超越那種形式本身?！笨芍@種科學(xué)方面的原始貢獻(xiàn)是具有創(chuàng)新性的東西，所以D選項(xiàng)“生成一種新穎的、有根據(jù)的概括”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikingoriginalways.”“然而，對(duì)他音樂作品一番細(xì)致的研究會(huì)揭示出貝多芬根本沒有推翻任何規(guī)則。實(shí)質(zhì)上，他是一個(gè)無以倫比的謀略家。善于以令人矚目的獨(dú)特方式利用各種局限——即他從諸如海頓和莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫這些前輩那里繼承而來的各種規(guī)則、形式和傳統(tǒng)。以及本段中的論點(diǎn)：從另一方面來說，莫扎特的《費(fèi)加羅的婚禮》無疑屬于音樂的典范之作，雖然其樸素的創(chuàng)新僅限于將既存的創(chuàng)作手法予以拓展而已。”可知最后一句提到了從這些前輩繼承而來的各種規(guī)則和傳統(tǒng)，因此A選項(xiàng)“通過同樣的方法，這些模板作曲家成功地建立了音樂的規(guī)則”符合題意。

3.單選題

Hereyoumayselecttheonewhichismosttoyourtaste,andyouareevenallowedto（）thembeforecomingtoadecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.auction

B.sample

C.enforce

D.wrap

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。auction“拍賣，競(jìng)賣”；sample“品嘗，體驗(yàn)”；enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)迫”；wrap“包，纏繞”。句意：在這里你可以選擇最合你口味的，在做決定之前，你甚至可以品嘗他們。由“mosttoyourtaste”可知這里提及的是一種食物，然后可推知在決定購買之前可以品嘗。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Ifnoonetakesthe（

）andplansforthetrip,wewillneverleavehome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.initial

B.initiative

C.original

D.beginning

【答案】B

【解析】taketheinitiative為固定搭配,意為“帶頭,采取主動(dòng)”。句意:如果沒有人帶頭和計(jì)劃這次旅行,我們是不會(huì)離開家的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

TomandAlice（）havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C，再根據(jù)“foryears”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

6.單選題

Inaccordancewiththenewregulations,youareentitledtothreedaysofpaidsickleaveeverymonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Accordingto

B.Carryingon

C.Lookingthrough

D.Puttingout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)Accordingto“根據(jù)……”；B選項(xiàng)Carryingon“繼承，開始實(shí)施”；C選項(xiàng)Lookingthrough“瀏覽，溫習(xí)”；D選項(xiàng)Puttingout“撲滅，搏出”。句意：根據(jù)新規(guī)定，你每個(gè)月可以享受三天的帶薪病假。A選項(xiàng)與劃線詞的詞義最接近，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Itwasafoolishquestiontoask.It（1）moresenseformetohavelearnedifshehad

（2）

orapointofview,butitwas

（3）

forthatnowandIsupposedthatthe

（4）

RelationOfficehad

（5）

herbeforegrantingtheinterview.Ididn’thavetimetoread

（6）

piecesaboutcorporaterainmakersandtheirgoldenparachutesorwomenatamidtownlawfirm

（7）

sixtimesmysalarybutwhiningaboutbreakingthe

（8）

,ceiling.

“Won’twasteyourtime,”she（9）.“ifthedetailsonyour

（10）

areaccurateandthearticlesLaura

（11）

mehavecorrectbackground,wewon’thaveto

（12）that.”I

（13）

.inapproval.Shewasobviouslya

（14）

,andanintelligentone

（15）

.Itwasalways

（16）

tositfora

（17）

whenthequestionerspentthefirsthouraskingwhatschoolsIhad

（18）

,howlong

（19）

,andwhetherIlikedmyjob.“Isitallright（20）youifwestartwithsomeinformationabouttheSexCrimesProsecutionUnit?”

“I’dlikethat,"Ireplied.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.wouldmake

C.wouldhavemade

D.wouldbe

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.afishtofry

B.anuttocrack

C.asongtosing

D.anaxetogrind

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.stilllate

B.toolate

C.solate

D.past

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Common

B.Financial

C.Local

D.Public

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.vetted

B.called

C.connectedwith

D.contactedwith

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.rushed

B.windy

C.puff

D.blowing

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.taking

B.making

C.slavingfor

D.osing

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.plastered

B.glass

C.fragile

D.limited

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.rambled

B.carriedon

C.lectured

D.wenton

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.application

B.curriculumvitae

C.report

D.folder

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.phoned

B.faxed

C.hadphoned

D.hadfaxed

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.repaint

B.remix

C.rewrite

D.rehash

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.trembled

B.grimaced

C.smiled

D.winked

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.girl

B.pro

C.tyro

D.mogul

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.atthat

B.atthis

C.toreboot

D.added

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.agreeable

B.instructive

C.impatient

D.aggravating

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.photo

B.portrait

C.profile

D.sketch

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.attended

B.matriculated

C.enrolled

D.preferred

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.Ihadworked

B.didIwork

C.wasIworking

D.wouldIworked

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.accordingto

D.with

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考查虛擬語氣。本題考查的是帶if的虛擬語氣，從前一句itwasfoolishquestiontoask可以推斷出考查的是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，因此主句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用would+havedone形式，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭窈竺娴膬?nèi)容是“或一種觀點(diǎn)”（orapointofview），由此可推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)該是對(duì)應(yīng)的“有不同意見”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（3）考查固定搭配。Itistoolateforsth.“對(duì)某事而言太遲”，因此，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（4）考查固定搭配。空格處后面提到了“允許這次采訪”（grantingtheinterview）PublicRelationOffice“公共關(guān)系辦事處”為固定搭配，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Vet“審查；診療”；call“呼叫，稱呼，召集”；connectwith“連接，與……聯(lián)系”；contactwith“與……聯(lián)系”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵何也聹y(cè)公共關(guān)系辦事處在允許面試前對(duì)她進(jìn)行了審查。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（6）考查固定搭配。puffpieces“吹捧文章”符合情境。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。take“采取”；make“使得；準(zhǔn)備；制造”；slavefor“為……苦干”；lose“浪費(fèi)；失去”?？崭窈髎ixtimessalary可知此處說的是賺六倍工資，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（8）考查固定搭配。glassceiling指在公司或企業(yè)中，限制某些人口群體晉升職位的障礙。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Ramble“漫步；閑逛”；carryon“參與;繼續(xù)”；lecture“講課”；goon“繼續(xù)”。根據(jù)上下文情境，可知空格處是“繼續(xù)說道”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（10）考查邏輯關(guān)系。application“申請(qǐng)”；curriculumvitae“簡(jiǎn)歷”；report“報(bào)告”；folder“文件夾”。根據(jù)第一段提到的“grantingtheinterview”（允許這次面試）可知空格處應(yīng)填入“簡(jiǎn)歷”這個(gè)單詞，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（11）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語是article,因此可以排除選項(xiàng)A與C。fax是費(fèi)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此不能用完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。repaint“重畫，重新繪制”；remix“使混合”；rewrite“重寫，改寫”；rehash“重新處理”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵喝绻愫?jiǎn)歷上的細(xì)節(jié)和羅拉傳真給我的文章都是真的，我們將不會(huì)重新處理。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。tremble“發(fā)抖”；grimace“扮鬼臉”；smile“微笑”；wink“眨眼”。在面試這種正式的場(chǎng)合中，面試者一邊會(huì)微笑認(rèn)同面試官的說法，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（14）考查名詞詞義辨析。girl“女孩”；pro“職業(yè)選手”；tyro“新手”；mogul“有權(quán)勢(shì)的人”。空格后的“anintelligentone”說明這個(gè)面試者是個(gè)聰明的人，那能力自然也不言而喻，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（15）考查固定搭配。根據(jù)上題可知該面試者非常有能力，并且聰慧，二者存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)Aatthat“而且”符合題意。

（16）考查形容詞詞義辨析。agreeable“令人愉快的”；instructive“有益的”；impatient“沒有耐心的”；aggravating“加重的；令人惱怒的”。從后文可以看出對(duì)于面試官花了一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間來問一些繁瑣的事情讓人惱怒，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（17）考查名詞詞義辨析。photo“照片”;portrait“肖像;描寫”;profile“外形；人物簡(jiǎn)介”；sketch“索描；梗概”。從空格處后面的內(nèi)容可以得知面試官是在詢問面試者的履歷，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（18）考查固定搭配。面試時(shí)，面試官會(huì)問面試者上學(xué)的學(xué)校，attendschool為固定搭配，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（19）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袂笆褂玫氖沁^去完成時(shí)，此處與前面是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，因此也應(yīng)該使用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（20）考查固定搭配。Beallrightwithsb.“對(duì)某人而言是可以的”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Nuclearwastesareconsideredto（）athreattohumanhealthandmarinelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compose

B.impose

C.expose

D.pose

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)compose“構(gòu)成，寫作”，B項(xiàng)impose“強(qiáng)加，征稅”，C項(xiàng)expose“暴露”，D項(xiàng)pose“提出，造成”；根據(jù)空格后面的threat（威脅），結(jié)合句子的語境，只有D項(xiàng)符合。句意：核廢料被認(rèn)為對(duì)人類健康和海洋生物構(gòu)成威脅。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

ThenIsawinmydream,thatwhentheyweregotoutofthewilderness,theypresentlysawatownbeforethem,andthenameofthetownisVanity;andatthetownthereisafairkept,calledVanityFair;itiskeptalltheyearlong.ItbearsthenameofVanityFair,becausethetownwhereitiskeptislighterthanvanity,andalsobecauseallthatistheresold,orthatcomesthither,isvanity.Asisthesayingofthewise,“Allthatcomesisvanity.”

Thisfairisnonewlybegunbusiness,butathingofancientstanding.Iwillshowyoutheoriginalofit.

Almostfivethousandyearsago,therewerepilgrimswalkingtotheCelestialCity,asthesetwohonestpersonsare;andBeelzebub,Apollyon,andLegion,withtheircompanions,perceivingbythepaththatthepilgrimsmade,thattheirwaytothecitylaythroughthistownofVanity,theycontrivedheretosetupafair;afairwhereinshouldbesoldallsortsofvanity,andthatitshouldlastalltheyearlong.Thereforeatthisfairareallsuchthingssold,ashouses,lands,trades,places,honors,preferments,titles,countries,kingdoms,lusts,pleasures,anddelightsofallsorts,aswives,husbands,children,masters,servants,lives,blood,bodies,souls,silver,gold,pearls,preciousstones,andwhatnot.

And,moreover,atthisfairthereisatalltimestobeseencheats,games,plays,fools,apes,knaves,androgues,andthatofeverykind.Herearetobeseen,too,andthatfornothing,thefts,murders,adulteries,falseswearers,andthatofablood-redcolor.

And,asinotherfairsoflessmoment,therearetheseveralrowsandstreets,undertheirpropernames,wheresuchandsuchwaresarevended;soherelikewiseyouhavetheproperplaces,rows,streets(namely,countriesandkingdoms),wherethewaresofthisfairaresoonesttobefound.HerearetheBritainRow,theFrenchRow,theItalianRow,theSpanishRow,theGermanRow,whereseveralsortsofvanitiesaretobesold.But,asinotherfairs,someonecommodityisasthechiefofallthefair,sothewareofRomeandhergoodsaregreatlypromotedinthisfair;onlyourEnglishnation,withsomeothers,havetakenadislikethereat.

Now,asIsaid,thewaytotheCelestialCityliesjustthroughthistownwherethislustyfairiskept;andhethatwouldgotothecity,andyetnotgothroughthistown,mustneedsgooutoftheworld.ThePrinceofprinceshimself,whenhere,wentthroughthistowntohisowncountry,andthatuponafairdaytoo;yea,andasIthink,itwasBeelzebub,thechieflordofthisfair,thatinvitedhimtobuyofhisvanities;yea,wouldhavemadehimlordofthefair,wouldhebuthavedonehimreverenceashewentthroughthetown.

1.Theword“fair”inVanityFairisclosestinmeaningto（）.

2.Theword“they”inLine3,Paragraph3refersto（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEaboutVanityFair?

4.WhereisVanityFairsituated?

5.Thepronoun“him”,in“wouldhebuthavedonehimreverenceashewentthroughthetown”refersto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.justice

B.average

C.atravellingshow

D.market

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Beelzebub,Apollyon,andLegion

B.thesetwohonestpersons

C.thecompanionsofthethesetwohonestpersons

D.pilgrims

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cheating,stealingandkillingprevails.

B.Youcanbuythingsaswellashumans.

C.Itisanancientinvention.

D.TheexpensivegoodsaremadeinRome.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.InatownonthewaytotheCelestialCity.

B.InBritain

C.Nowhere

D.InEurope

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thePrinceofprinces

B.theLordofthefair

C.theCelestialCity

D.He

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“ItbearsthenameofVanityFair…andalsobecauseallthatistheresold,orthatcomesthither,isvanity.”，可知VanityFair這個(gè)地方是買賣東西的，所以是一個(gè)市集的名字，fair的意思最有可能是“市場(chǎng)”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Beelzebub,Apollyon,andLegion,withtheircompanions…theycontrivedheretosetupafair”，可知Apollyon、Beelzebub和他們的同伴打算在這兒建立一個(gè)市鎮(zhèn)。所以文中的they就是指這些人。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“But,asinotherfairs,someonecommodityisasthechiefofallthefair,sothewareofRomeandhergoodsaregreatlypromotedinthisfair”，可知和其他集市一樣，也有一些商品會(huì)成為市集的主角，比如羅馬的器皿以及其他商品就非常暢銷。只是說明羅馬的有些商品在集市非常受歡迎，無法說明昂貴的物品都產(chǎn)自羅馬。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Beelzebub,Apollyon,andLegion,withtheircompanions,perceivingbythepaththatthepilgrimsmadethattheirwaytothecitylaythroughthistownofVanity,theycontrivedheretosetupafair”，可知Apollyon、Beelzebub和他們的同伴從朝圣者通往天國的路上，他們能夠看到浮華鎮(zhèn)是必經(jīng)之地，所以打算在這里建立一個(gè)集市。所以集市的位置應(yīng)該位于朝圣者通往天國的路上。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句，“…wouldhavemadehimlordofthefair,wouldhebuthavedonehimreverenceashewentthroughthetown.”，可知Beelzebub邀請(qǐng)耶穌在鎮(zhèn)上購買虛榮商品，并且承諾只要在他經(jīng)過集市的時(shí)候，向他表示敬意，就會(huì)讓他成為集市的主人。所以可推斷，文段中的him就是指集市的主人。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.填空題

Businessandgovernmentleadersconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrisesinprices.Whenyourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget（1）forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore，inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise（2）thepricesandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasatimewhen“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.

Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthebest.Retiredpeople，forinstancecannotcount（3）anincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto（4）theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincomeoranyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingtokeepupwithrisingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop（5）somenecessaryitems，suchasfoodandclothing.Evenforworkingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup，inflationcanbeaproblem.Thecostoflivinggoes（6），too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeeppacewith（7）prices，thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesame（8）ofmoney，buttheyarenotlivingaswellbecausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.

Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexesfrom（9）therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepriceforagivenyearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100，andtheotherpricesarereportedasapercentageofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes（10）possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods，forexample，withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyear.

【答案】1.less

2.in

3.on

4.meet

5.buying

6.down

7.rising

8.amount

9.which

10.it

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯?？崭裉幩诰渥拥那耙痪浣忉屃耸裁词峭ㄘ浥蛎洠合M(fèi)需求增加，物價(jià)上漲，從而貨幣貶值。用同樣的錢買到的東西比以前要少，所以空格處填less。

2.考查固定搭配。在某些方面增加用介詞in。

3.考查固定搭配。counton“指望，依靠”，退休人員指望不上收入能夠隨著物價(jià)上漲而增加。

4.考查固定搭配。meetone’sneeds“滿足某人的需要”，老年人在通貨膨脹的時(shí)代無法讓自己的收入來滿足自己的需求。

5.考查動(dòng)詞用法?？崭裉幩诰渥拥那耙痪渚湟馐牵涸S多退休人員為了跟上上漲的物價(jià)，必須要縮減自己的開支。由此可知他們放棄了很多需要購買的東西，buying符合題意。

6.考查固定搭配。godown“下降”。由于通貨膨脹，導(dǎo)致了生活開支水平下降。

7.考查前后邏輯。全文一直提到物價(jià)上漲，空格處需要填寫的也是一個(gè)表示物價(jià)增長(zhǎng)的詞，rising符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。thesameamountof“同等數(shù)量的”。

9.考查定語從句。定語從句用來修飾priceindexes（價(jià)格指數(shù)），which符合題意。

10.考查固定用法。makeitpossible“使它成為可能”。

11.單選題

Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beputoff

B.wasputoff

C.shouldputoff

D.istoputoff

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們都贊成你關(guān)于推遲討論的提議。

語法題。考查should的用法。名詞proposal(提議，建議)引導(dǎo)的同位語從句應(yīng)該用should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。而且，discussion與putoff之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)符合正確表達(dá)。

12.單選題

（

）forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Hadn’titbeen

C.Wasitnot

D.Wereitnot

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由后面句子可知是對(duì)過去的虛擬，因此主句用過去完成時(shí)。

當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語部分含有were、should、had時(shí)，我們可以將連詞if省略掉，而將were、should、had置于句首。haditnotbeenforthefact=ifithadnotbeenforthefact。

句意：要不是她摔斷了腿，她或許會(huì)通過考試。

13.單選題

Fashionissomethingwedealwitheveryday.Evenpeoplewhosaytheydon'tcarewhattheywearchooseclotheseverymorningthensayalotaboutthemandhowtheyfeelthatday.

Onecertainthinginthefashionworldischange.Weareconstantlybeingshoweredwithnewfashionideasfrommusic,videos,books,andtelevision.Moviesalsohaveabigimpactonwhatpeoplewear.Ray-BansoldmoresunglassesafterthemovieMeninBlack.Sometimesafashionisworldwide.Backinthe1950s,teenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresley.

Fashionandstylesrevealwhatgroupspeoplearein,buttheyalsocreatestereotypesanddistancebetweengroups.Forinstance,abusinessmanmightlookataboywithgreenhairandpiercingsasanoutsider.Buttoanotherperson,hedressesacertainwaytodeliverthemessageofrebellionandseparation,butwithinthatgroupthelookisuniform.Theacceptanceorrejectionofastyleisareactiontothesocietywelivein.

Fashionisalanguagewhichtellsastoryaboutthepersonwhowearsit.“Clothescreatewordlessmeansofcommunicationthatweallunderstand,”accordingtoKatherineHamnett,atopBritishfashiondesigner.HamnettbecamepopularwhenherT-shirtswithlargemessageslike“ChooseLife”werewornbyseveralrockbands.

Fashionisanendlesspopularitycontest.Highfashionisthestyleofasmallgroupofmenandwomenwithacertaintasteandauthorityinthefashionworld.Peopleofwealthandposition,buyersformajordepartmentstores,editorsandwritersforfashionmagazinesareallpartofhighfashion.Someoftheseexpensiveandoftenartisticfashionsmaytriumphandbecomethefashionforthelargermajority.Moststayontherunway.

Popularfashionsareclosetoimpossibletotrace.NoonecantellhowtheshortskirtsandbootswornbyteenagersinEnglandin1960madeittotherunwaysofParisorhowbluejeansbecamesopopularintheU.S.,orhowhip-hopmadeitfromthestreetofBronxtothefashionshowsofLondonandMilan.

“Intheperspectiveofcostumehistory,itisplainthatthedressofanygivenperiodisexactlysuitedtotheactualclimateofthetime.”accordingtoJamesLaver,anotedEnglishcostumehistorian.Howdidbell-bottomjeansfadeintothedesignerjeansandbootslooko