考研考博-英語(yǔ)-寧夏體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-寧夏體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Whetheryoulivetoeatoreattolive,foodisamajor（）ineveryfamily’sbudget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nutrition

B.expenditure

C.routine

D.provision

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)nutrition表示“營(yíng)養(yǎng)；營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)；營(yíng)養(yǎng)品”；B選項(xiàng)expenditure表示“支出，花費(fèi)；經(jīng)費(fèi)，消費(fèi)額”；C選項(xiàng)routine表示“程序；日常工作；例行公事”；D選項(xiàng)provision表示“規(guī)定；條款；準(zhǔn)備；供應(yīng)品”。根據(jù)句意可知，食物在每個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算中都是主要的支出，因此B選項(xiàng)最符合句意。故本題正確答案為B。

2.單選題

Thetestsshowtheearlierinlifeapersonhearsasoundthelongeritis______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.preserved

C.remained

D.reserved

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.retained保留B.preserved保護(hù)

C.remained保持；停留D.reserved保留；貯備

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子，it指的是sound，根據(jù)longer可知，此處是說(shuō)聲音保留的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，retain的牛津釋義是tocontinuetohold（繼續(xù)保持），該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)不符合句意；

C項(xiàng)側(cè)重保持一種狀態(tài)或條件不變；

D項(xiàng)側(cè)重保留某種權(quán)利。

【句意】測(cè)試表明，一個(gè)人在生活中聽(tīng)到聲音的越早，它保留的時(shí)間就越長(zhǎng)。

3.單選題

Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supreme

B.unbending

C.superfluous

D.tangible

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.supreme最高的，至高的B.unbending堅(jiān)定的，不易彎曲的，冷漠的

C.superfluous多余的，不必要的D.tangible有形的，切實(shí)的，可觸摸的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息Theinterestsoftheconsumer（消費(fèi)者的利益）可推測(cè)，paramount的意思是“第一位的，首位的”，A選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】消費(fèi)者的利益應(yīng)放在首位。

4.問(wèn)答題

Lessnotedbutequallysignificant,themenandwomenwhoformedfamiliesbetween1940and1960also

reducedthedivorcerateafterapostwarpeak:theirmarriagesremainedintacttoa

A

B

greaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswellaslaterdecades.

C

D

【答案】試題答案：C;those

【解析】考查代詞。由“theirmarriages”可知此處代詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式，that的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。

5.單選題

IwishthatI（

）theconcertlastnight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldattend

B.couldhaveattended

C.toattend

D.attended

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我希望我（）昨晚的音樂(lè)會(huì)。這里wish后面的內(nèi)容是一種假設(shè)所以我們可知that里面要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。時(shí)間是發(fā)生在“昨晚”，所以答案B。A選項(xiàng)不合邏輯；C選項(xiàng)會(huì)造成從句沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)，不符合語(yǔ)法；D選項(xiàng)會(huì)使句子產(chǎn)生歧義，昨天晚上到底有沒(méi)有去參加音樂(lè)會(huì)，參加了為什么會(huì)在前面用wish，沒(méi)參加為什么要用一般過(guò)去式表示該事已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)了。

6.單選題

Insomewaystheyareamarketer’sdream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbytelevisionadvertising.And,asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamiliesandtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.OnerecentstudyestimatesthatthethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,gifts,andoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonavarietyofgoods.Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemorethan$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandsandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents’selectionsofapparels,cereals,snacks,cars,videocassetterecorders,televisions,andpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood;inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave,agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthsdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthapparel,andProcter&Gamblehasdevelopedacrestforkids’toothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingpower?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$255children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor:whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears;nowHardee’sFoodSystemsInc.andWendy’sInternationalInc.aredoingthesame.

Intelligentmarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontochildren.Marketersareovercomingtheirtraditionalreluctancetoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit”impliesthatchildren（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingchildren’sbuyingbehaviors?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingsumsupthemamideaofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotwastemuchoftheirmoney

C.havethepotentialtobuymorethaneverbefore

D.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarenotinfluencedbyadvertising.

B.Theyarecarefulaboutspendingonfastfood.

C.Theyarenotinfluencedbymilkcommercials.

D.Theyareverymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.staypracticalwhenitcomestobuyingproducts

B.betiredofthebrandswhentheybecomeadults

C.getusedtobuyingthosebrandsintoadulthood

D.becomeinterestedinpurchasingotherproducts

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Childrenhavegreatpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

B.Childrenshouldermorehouseholdresponsibilities.

C.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisions.

D.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)下文“Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly...”盡管他們個(gè)人購(gòu)買的東西很少,但他們會(huì)定期購(gòu)買,以應(yīng)對(duì)來(lái)自同齡人的壓力。在第二段也提及,孩子們購(gòu)買東西所占比例越來(lái)越大,不僅如此,他們還會(huì)影響大人們消費(fèi),由此可知,孩子們的購(gòu)物潛力比以往要大得多。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段第三句“...theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.”他們會(huì)定期購(gòu)買,以應(yīng)對(duì)來(lái)自同齡人的壓力。由此可推斷,孩子們買東西很容易受到同齡人的影響,所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,...”因?yàn)楹⒆觽冋诜€(wěn)步發(fā)展自己的品牌意識(shí)和產(chǎn)品偏好,這些有朝一日會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為購(gòu)買決定。也就是說(shuō),孩子們成年后會(huì)習(xí)慣購(gòu)買年輕時(shí)認(rèn)定的品牌。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講孩子們的消費(fèi)能力在未來(lái)不可小覷,所以選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。

7.單選題

Hecompliedwiththerequirementthatallgraduatestudentsineducation______athesis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與動(dòng)詞require的賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣一樣，名詞requirement的同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。句意：他遵守了所有教育學(xué)研究生都要寫畢業(yè)論文的要求。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Givethepreviouslyexpressedinterestandtheambitioustoneofherrecentspeeches,thesenator’sattempttoconvincethepublicthatsheisnotinterestedinrunningforasecondtermis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laudable

B.sincere

C.authentic

D.futile

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)laudable“值得贊賞的”；B選項(xiàng)sincere“真誠(chéng)的，真摯的”；C選項(xiàng)authentic“真正的，真實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)futile“無(wú)用的，無(wú)效的”。根據(jù)句意‘她在先前的演講中已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出興趣和勃勃雄心，這位參議員試圖說(shuō)服公眾相信她對(duì)競(jìng)選連任不感興趣的做法是毫無(wú)用處的。’D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

Passage1

Physiciansusuallyrelyonsurgeryordrugstobustbloodclotsinthebrainthatmightotherwisecauseastroke,thethirdmostcommoncauseofdeathintheU.S.,butfewerthan10percentofpatientsusuallyfittherequirementstoundergothoseprocedures.However,soundwavesmightprovideathirdnoninvasivechoice.U.S.researchershavebeguntestingan.Israeliultrasounddevicetoseewhetheritmayproveaccurateenoughtobreakupactorwithoutcausingcollateraldamagein*&ebrain.Thisnewfocusedultrasounddevicelookslikeahelmet,studdedwithover1,000ultrasoundtransducers.Eachtransducercanfocusanindividualbeamintothebrainofthehelmet-wearerandconvergeonaspotjustfourmillimeterswide—enoughaccuracytodissolveabloodclotwithinlessthanaminute.

Passage2

Dumpingallourradioactivenuclearwasteinavolcanodoesseemlikeaneatsolutionfordestroyingtheroughly29,000tonsofspenturaniumfuelrodsstockpiledaroundtheworld.Butthere'sacriticalstandardthatavolcanowouldhavetomeettoproperlydisposeofthestuff,andthatstandardisheat.Thelavawouldhavetonetonlymeltthefuelrodsbutalsostriptheuraniumofitsradioactivity.Unfortunately,volcanoesjustaren'tveryhot.Lavainthehottestvolcanoestopsoutataround2,400'F.But,ittakestemperaturesthataretensofthousandsofdegreeshotterthanthattosplituranium'satomicnucleiandalteritsradioactivitytomakeitinert.Whatyouneedisathermonuclearreaction,likeanatomicbomb—notagreatway——todisposeofnuclearwaste.

Passage3

Inwesterncountries,managementteachersandresearchersseemtobeincreasinglydissatisfiedwiththewaymanagersareusuallyeducated.Inacomplexandopenworld,managersoftenbumpintothelimitsofthede-contextualizedtoolsassociatedwithmainstreammanagementknowledgeandpractice.Managershavetonavigateinaworldthatisnotonlyeconomicbutalsopolitical,cultural,shapedbyhistoryandethicaltraditionsandpreoccupations——notonlyasamarkofsocialcapitalbutreallyasawaytoenhancetheirmanagerialskillsandefficiency.Theroteofmanagementeducationshouldbetopreparethemforthatodyssey.Humanitiescanbeapowerfultoolinthatsense.Managementschoolscouldfindnewinspirationsforcurriculumfromthehumanities.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】Passage1

醫(yī)生通常依靠手術(shù)或藥物去除大腦中的血凝塊,這些血凝塊可能導(dǎo)致患者中風(fēng)。在美國(guó),這是第三大常見(jiàn)的致死病因。但是少于10%的患者符合接受那些程序的要求。然而,聲波可能提供一個(gè)無(wú)創(chuàng)性的第三選擇。美國(guó)研究人員己經(jīng)開(kāi)始測(cè)試一個(gè)以色列超聲波設(shè)備,證實(shí)它是否足夠精準(zhǔn)足以在不對(duì)大腦造成間接傷害的前提下粉碎作用物。這個(gè)新的聚焦超聲設(shè)備看起來(lái)就像一個(gè)頭盔,鑲有1000個(gè)超聲波換能器。每個(gè)傳感器可以聚焦于一段聲波進(jìn)入戴著這個(gè)設(shè)備的患者的大腦,聚集在一個(gè)精準(zhǔn)到只有4毫米寬的點(diǎn),然后在一分鐘之內(nèi)溶解血凝塊。

Passage2

把我們所有的放射性核廢料傾倒于一座火山看起來(lái)確實(shí)是一個(gè)很好的解決方案,毀掉了全世界約2900噸的乏鈾燃料棒。但是一座火山要妥善地處理這些材料,就面臨著一個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是熱。熔巖不僅要融化燃料棒,而且要消除鈾的放射性。不幸的是,火山偏偏不是很熱,最熱的火山的熔巖最高溫在2400華氏度。但是,它需要比這更高成千上萬(wàn)倍的溫度來(lái)分裂鈾原子核和改變它的放射性物質(zhì)。你需要的是一個(gè)熱核反應(yīng)堆,就像原子彈（不是一種好方法）,來(lái)處理核廢料。

Passage3

在西方國(guó)家,管理學(xué)老師和研究者似乎越來(lái)越不滿意于經(jīng)理的培養(yǎng)方式。在一個(gè)復(fù)雜和開(kāi)放的世界,經(jīng)理經(jīng)常會(huì)受到一些跟主流管理知識(shí)和實(shí)踐有關(guān)的脫離語(yǔ)境的相關(guān)工具的限制。經(jīng)理必須在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等方面跟上時(shí)代的步伐,這是在歷史進(jìn)程中形成的廣文推崇的一種倫理傳統(tǒng)不僅是社會(huì)資本的一種標(biāo)志,而且實(shí)際上是一種提高自身的管理技能和效率的方法。這種生硬死板的管理學(xué)的教育方式將會(huì)把他們培養(yǎng)成奧德賽史詩(shī)式的人物。在這個(gè)意義上,人文可以成為一種強(qiáng)大的工具。管理學(xué)?？梢詮娜宋恼n程中找到新的靈感。

10.單選題

Sheisvery（

）aboutherappearance.Halfofhersalarygoestoclothes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.particular

B.peculiar

C.special

D.unusual

【答案】A

【解析】particularabout為固定短語(yǔ)搭配，意為“對(duì)...挑剔，過(guò)分講究的”。這里指她對(duì)自己的外表很講究。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Theseverityofadjustmentproblemsexperiencedinasecondculturedependsontheindividual’sabilitytoadapttonewsituations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.excitement

B.intensity

C.solutions

D.importance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。severity“嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)格；猛烈”；A選項(xiàng)excitement“興奮；刺激；令人新奇的事物”；B選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度；強(qiáng)烈；緊張”；C選項(xiàng)solutions“解決方案；應(yīng)對(duì)措施；溶液劑”；D選項(xiàng)importance“價(jià)值；重要；重大”。句意：在第二種文化中經(jīng)歷的適應(yīng)問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重程度取決于個(gè)人適應(yīng)新情況的能力。題干指出“adjustmentproblemsexperiencedinasecondculture在第二種文化中所經(jīng)歷的適應(yīng)問(wèn)題”，可推知severity在這里是“嚴(yán)重性”的意思，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

“ThatEnglishfellow’ssongsareveryportic.”“（）thewordstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Healsowrite

B.Althoughhewrites

C.Notonlydoeshewrite

D.Itisnotallthathewrites

【答案】C

【解析】notonly...butalso...為固定搭配。句意：他不僅自己作詞,還自己作曲。

13.單選題

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸張的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪費(fèi)的。句意：他默許我們拿走蘋果,因?yàn)楫?dāng)他看到我們這樣做時(shí),他笑了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.單選題

Thekeytothesequestionsistheemotionalresponsewecallanxiety.Unlikehungerorthirst,whichbuildanddissipate(驅(qū)散)intheimmediatepresent,anxietyisthesortoffeelingthatsneaksuponyoufromthedayaftertomorrow.It’ssupposedtokeepyoufromfeelingtoosafe.Withoutit,fewofuswouldsurvive.

Allanimals,especiallythesmall,scurryingkind,appeartofeelanxiety.Humanshavefeltitsincethedaystheysharedtheplanetwithsaber-toothedtigers.Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.TheinitialshockofSept.11haswormoff,andthefearhaslifted,butmillionsofAmericanscontinuetoshareakindofgeneralizedmassanxiety.ArecentTIME/CNNpollfoundthateightmonthsaftertheevent,nearlytwo-thirdsofAmericansthinkabouttheterrorattacksatleastseveraltimesaweek.Anditdoesn’ttakemuchforalltheoldfearstocomerushingback.Whatwassurprisingabouttherecentdrumbeatofterrorwarningswashowquicklyittriggeredtheanxietysomanyofusthoughtwehadputbehindus.

Thisisoneofthemysteriesofanxiety.Whileitisanormalresponsetophysicaldanger-andcanbeausefultoolforfocusingthemindwhenthere’sadeadlinelooming(或隱或現(xiàn))—anxietybecomesaproblemwhenitpersiststoolongbeyondtheimmediatethreat.Sometimesthere’sanobviouscause,aswiththeshell-shockedsoldiersofWorldWarIortheterror-scarredciviliansoftheWorldTradeCentercollapse.Othertimes,wedon’tknowwhywecan’tstopworrying.

Thereiscertainlyalotofanxietygoingaround.Anxietydisorder—whichiswhathealthexpertscallanyanxietythatpersiststothepointthatitinterfereswithone’slife—isthemostcommonmentalillnessintheU.S.Initsvariousforms,rangingfromveryspecificphobias(恐懼癥)togeneralizedanxietydisorder,itafflicts19millionAmericans.

Andyet,accordingtoasurveypublishedlastJanuarybyresearchersfromUCLA,lessthan25%ofAmericanswithanxietydisordersreceiveanykindoftreatmentfortheircondition.“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem,”saysJerilynRoss,presidentoftheAnxietyDisordersAssociationofAmerica.“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”

SigmundFreudwasfascinatedwithanxietyandrecognizedearlyonthatthereismorethanonekind.Heidentifiedtwomajorformsofanxiety:onemorebiologicalinnatureandtheothermoredependentonpsychologicalfactors.Unfortunately,hisfollowersweresoobsessedwithhisideasaboutsexdrivesandunresolvedconflictsthatstudiesofthephysicalbasisofanxietylanguished(減退).

1.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleofthispassage?

2.WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleoftheterroristattackonSept.11?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhatdoesJerilynRossmeanby“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem...thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”inParagraph5?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.HealingAnxiety.

B.UnderstandingAnxiety.

C.TheOriginofAnxiety.

D.TheHazardsofAnxiety.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowthatanxietyseldomreoccurs.

B.Toindicatethatanxietyiseasytoarouse.

C.Toprovethathumanisatrisk.

D.Todemonstratethatmankindismorenervousthananyothertime.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anxietydisorderhasanegativeimpact.

B.Anxietyisoneofthehealthcareissues.

C.Anxietyissupposedtobeavoided.

D.Whatleadstoanxietycanbeambiguous.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemofmentalhealthisneglected.

B.Theproblemofanxietyisneglected.

C.Mentalhealthisahealth-careproblem.

D.Anxietyisamental-healthproblem.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.SigmundFreud’sideasarewelldevelopedbythefollowers.

B.Sexdrivesandunresolvedconflictscanrelieveanxiety.

C.SigmundFreudidentifiedtypesofanxiety.

D.Moreresearchesshouldbeconductedinphysicalaspectofanxiety.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章講了焦慮是什么、焦慮的來(lái)源、焦慮帶來(lái)的影響、治療焦慮的研究和方法，B選項(xiàng)“理解焦慮”正確。A選項(xiàng)“治療焦慮”，C選項(xiàng)“焦慮的起源”和D選項(xiàng)“焦慮的危害”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.（但我們生活在一個(gè)特別焦慮的時(shí)代。）和第二段最后一句Whatwassurprisingabouttherecentdrumbeatofterrorwarningswashowquicklyittriggeredtheanxietysomanyofusthoughtwehadputbehindus.（最近一連串恐怖的警告竟然如此迅速地引發(fā)了我們?cè)S多人以為已經(jīng)拋在腦后的焦慮。），提出現(xiàn)在的人普遍焦慮的論點(diǎn)后引出911事件的例子進(jìn)行論證，再點(diǎn)出拋在腦后的焦慮容易再次出現(xiàn)，B選項(xiàng)“表明焦慮是容易引起的”正確，A選項(xiàng)“表示焦慮很少再次發(fā)生”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“證明人類處于危險(xiǎn)之中”：這里的重點(diǎn)是危險(xiǎn)引起的焦慮，而且文中沒(méi)有說(shuō)類似于911的危險(xiǎn)事件非常多，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“證明人類比任何時(shí)候都要緊張”：根據(jù)第二段第二、三句Humanshavefeltitsincethedaystheysharedtheplanetwithsaber-toothedtigers.Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.（自從人類與劍齒虎共享這個(gè)星球以來(lái)，就一直有這種感覺(jué)。但我們生活在一個(gè)特別焦慮的時(shí)代。），文中沒(méi)有對(duì)比人類在各個(gè)時(shí)期的焦慮狀況，不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句Withoutit,fewofuswouldsurvive.（沒(méi)有它，我們很少有人能活下來(lái)。），可知焦慮有幫助人存活下來(lái)的作用，人類需要適度的焦慮，C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該避免焦慮”不符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第四段第二句Anxietydisorder—whichiswhathealthexpertscallanyanxietythatpersiststothepointthatitinterfereswithone’slife—isthemostcommonmentalillnessintheU.S.（焦慮癥——健康專家稱任何持續(xù)干擾人生活的焦慮——是美國(guó)最常見(jiàn)的精神疾病。），可知焦慮癥會(huì)干擾人的生活，是一種精神疾病，A選項(xiàng)“焦慮癥有負(fù)面影響”符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem.”…“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”（“如果心理健康是醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的繼子?！薄澳敲唇箲]就是繼子的繼子?！保?，可知心理健康屬于醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)，而焦慮屬于心理健康，B選項(xiàng)“焦慮是健康保健問(wèn)題之一”符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句Sometimesthere’sanobviouscause…Othertimes,wedon’tknowwhywecan’tstopworrying.（有時(shí)原因很明顯……其他時(shí)候，我們不知道為什么我們不能停止擔(dān)憂。），可知有時(shí)焦慮的原因很明確，有時(shí)焦慮的原因無(wú)從得知，D選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)說(shuō)不清楚是什么引起焦慮”符合文章內(nèi)容。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem.”…“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”（“如果心理健康是醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的繼子?！薄澳敲唇箲]就是繼子的繼子?！保?，這里運(yùn)用打比方的方式闡述心理健康、醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)和焦慮的關(guān)系，重點(diǎn)在于后半段焦慮是心理健康的繼子，即焦慮屬于心理健康，D選項(xiàng)“焦慮是一種心理健康問(wèn)題”正確，C選項(xiàng)“心理健康是一個(gè)保健問(wèn)題”不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“心理健康問(wèn)題被忽視了”和B選項(xiàng)“焦慮的問(wèn)題被忽視了”：這里沒(méi)有提到這些問(wèn)題有沒(méi)有被忽略。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句Heidentifiedtwomajorformsofanxiety（他確定了兩種主要的焦慮形式），C選項(xiàng)“西格蒙德?弗洛伊德確定了焦慮的類型”正確。根據(jù)文章最后一句Unfortunately,hisfollowersweresoobsessedwithhisideasaboutsexdrivesandunresolvedconflictsthatstudiesofthephysicalbasisofanxietylanguished.（不幸的是，他的追隨者對(duì)他關(guān)于性沖動(dòng)和未解決的沖突的觀點(diǎn)過(guò)于著迷，以至于對(duì)焦慮的生理基礎(chǔ)的研究也停滯不前。），可知西格蒙德?弗洛伊德的追隨者沒(méi)有進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)他的思想和理論，A選項(xiàng)“西格蒙德?弗洛伊德的思想在追隨者中得到了很好的發(fā)展”錯(cuò)誤；沒(méi)有明確表示得出B選項(xiàng)“性欲和未解決的沖突可以緩解焦慮”的結(jié)論；在焦慮方面的生理研究停滯不前不代表需要進(jìn)一步研究，D選項(xiàng)“在焦慮的身體方面需要進(jìn)行更多的研究”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Thetheorythatbusinesscouldoperatetotallywithouttheaidofgovernmenthasprovedtobea（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allusion

B.seclusion

C.illusion

D.confusion

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞辨析。allusion“暗示”；seclusion“與世隔絕”；illusion“幻想；錯(cuò)覺(jué)”；confusion“混亂；困惑”。句意：認(rèn)為商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)能夠完全脫離政府援助的這種觀點(diǎn)是一種幻想。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.單選題

Themedicinemademedrowsy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sleepy

B.dizzy

C.sad

D.lazy

【答案】A

【解析】drowsy意為昏昏欲睡的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

17.單選題

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexplanationseemednotto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getup

B.getalong

C.getacross

D.getdown

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。getup“起床”；getalong“相處，進(jìn)展”；getacross“使……被理解”；getdown“從…下來(lái)，使沮喪”。句意：盡管我努力解釋地足夠清楚了，但是我的解釋似乎不能被理解。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.寫作題

Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan200wordslongaccordingtothefollowinggraph.Youneedtointerpretwhatthegraphtriestoinformandusetheinformationfromthegraphandlogicalanalysistosupportyourfindings.PleasenotethatAJ,Ben,Chuck.Dan,Earl,andFredarenamesof6students.YoumustwriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided.

【答案】SchoolAttendanceandScienceGrades19.單選題

Thestudent,（）atthewaythequestionwasputforward,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosurprise

B.surprised

C.surprising

D.tobesurprised

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)“thestudent”和動(dòng)詞“surprise”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以本題應(yīng)該選B選項(xiàng)：surprised。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)問(wèn)題提出的方式感到驚訝，不知道如何回答。綜上所述，B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Becausemytoothwasbadlydecayed,thedentisthadto（

）it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extricate

B.exterminate

C.eradicate

D.extract

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因?yàn)槲业闹篮車?yán)重,牙醫(yī)不得不拔掉它。

考查形近詞辨析。Extricate使解脫,解救;exterminate消滅,根除;eradicate鏟除;extract拔出,拔(牙)。

21.單選題

Amtrak（美國(guó)鐵路客運(yùn)公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客運(yùn)量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeendecliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevastareasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedtootherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelinordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.

Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:1）anxiousfliers—thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—thoseviewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartoftheirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiencessuchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.

Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

1.What'stheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassage?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedropinAmtrakridershipwasduetothefactthat（）.

3.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized（）.

4.Thetrainadswereplacedamongfamily-orientedTVprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericabecause（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofits

because（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowtheinabilityoftrainstocompetewithplaneswithrespecttospeedandconvenience

B.TostresstheinfluenceoftheautomobileonAmerica'sstandardofconvenience

C.Toemphasizethefunctionoftravelagenciesinmarketpromotion

D.Toillustratetheimportantroleofpersuasivecommunicationinchangingconsumerattitudes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.trainswerenotsuitableforshortdistancepassengertransportation

B.trainswerenotthefastestandmostconvenientformoftransportation

C.trainswerenotasfastandconvenientastheyusedtobe

D.trainscouldnotcompetewithplanesintermsofluxuryandconvenience

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefreedomandconvenienceprovidedontrains

B.thepracticalaspectsoftraintravel

C.theadventurousaspectsoftraintrips

D.thesafetyandcleanlinessoftraintrips

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldfocusonmeaningfultravelexperiences

B.theycouldincreasetheeffectivenessoftheTVprograms

C.theirprofitscouldbeincreasedbysome15percent

D.mosttravel-loversandnervousflierswerebelievedtobeamongtheaudiences

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertised

B.itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperience

C.itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoors

D.itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。本文主要講述了美國(guó)鐵路客運(yùn)公司為應(yīng)對(duì)飛機(jī)和汽車的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)所采取的應(yīng)對(duì)策略，Amtrak將焦急的飛行者和旅游愛(ài)好者視為目標(biāo)群體，然后對(duì)其進(jìn)行廣告的投放，最終取得一定效果。故作者的意圖是強(qiáng)調(diào)廣告的勸說(shuō)性功能在改變消費(fèi)者態(tài)度方面的作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.然而，時(shí)代變了，汽車成為了美國(guó)方便的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而且，航空旅行很容易就成為長(zhǎng)途旅行最快的方法?！笨芍绹?guó)鐵路客運(yùn)量下降主要是由于汽車和飛機(jī)的出現(xiàn)，火車不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.它強(qiáng)調(diào)了乘坐火車所獲得的體驗(yàn)，并將西方火車旅行描述為美妙的冒險(xiǎn)?！笨芍狣DBNeedham強(qiáng)調(diào)火車旅行的冒險(xiǎn)性。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.這些廣告被戰(zhàn)略性地放置在以家庭為導(dǎo)向的涉及自然和美國(guó)的電視節(jié)目中，以便最有效地觸及目標(biāo)觀眾?！笨芍@些廣告投放主要是為了能讓目標(biāo)觀眾看到，而前面已經(jīng)提及目標(biāo)觀眾是travel-lovers和fliers。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)廣告展示了一些更著名的西部路線沿線可以欣賞的美麗風(fēng)景的圖片，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些火車的浪漫名字（帝國(guó)建造者等）?！笨芍蹏?guó)建造者號(hào)列車的客流量上升是源于列車的名字和廣告中宣稱的路線和風(fēng)景。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

22.單選題

Eventhoughstrongevidencehasprovedthenicotinetobe（

）,thetobaccocompanystillinsiststhatitsproductsareharmless.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soluble

B.deficient

C.addictive

D.skeptical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。soluble“可溶解的；可解決的”；deficient“不足的；有缺陷的”；addictive“使人上癮的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。句意：盡管有力的證據(jù)已經(jīng)證明尼古丁能讓人上癮，但是煙草公司仍然堅(jiān)持它是無(wú)害的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

ByfarthemostimportantUnitedStatesexportproductinthe18and19centurieswascottonfavoredbytheEuropeantextileoverflaxorwoolbecauseitwaseasytoprocessandsofttotouch.Mechanizationofspinningandweavingallowedsignificantcentralizationandexpansioninthetextileindustryduringthisperiodandatthesametimethedemandforcottonincreaseddramatically.AmericanproducerswereabletomeetthisdemandlargelybecauseoftheinventionofthecottonginbyEliWhiteyin1793.CottoncouldbegrownthroughouttheSouth,butseparatingthefiber-orlint--fromtheseedwasalaboriousprocess.Seaislandcottonwasrelativelyeasytoprocessbyhand,becauseitsfiberswerelongandseedswereconcentratedatthebaseoftheflowerbutisdemandedlonggrowingseason,availableonlyalongthenationscasterseacoast.Short-staplecottonrequiredamuchshortergrowingseason,buttheshortnessofthefibersandtheirmixturewithseedsmeantthataworkercouldhand