考研考博-英語-寧夏體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Whetheryoulivetoeatoreattolive,foodisamajor（）ineveryfamily’sbudget.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nutrition

B.expenditure

C.routine

D.provision

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)nutrition表示“營養(yǎng)；營養(yǎng)學(xué)；營養(yǎng)品”；B選項(xiàng)expenditure表示“支出，花費(fèi)；經(jīng)費(fèi)，消費(fèi)額”；C選項(xiàng)routine表示“程序；日常工作；例行公事”；D選項(xiàng)provision表示“規(guī)定；條款；準(zhǔn)備；供應(yīng)品”。根據(jù)句意可知，食物在每個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算中都是主要的支出，因此B選項(xiàng)最符合句意。故本題正確答案為B。

2.單選題

Thetestsshowtheearlierinlifeapersonhearsasoundthelongeritis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.preserved

C.remained

D.reserved

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.retained保留B.preserved保護(hù)

C.remained保持；停留D.reserved保留；貯備

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子，it指的是sound，根據(jù)longer可知，此處是說聲音保留的時(shí)間越長，retain的牛津釋義是tocontinuetohold（繼續(xù)保持），該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)不符合句意；

C項(xiàng)側(cè)重保持一種狀態(tài)或條件不變；

D項(xiàng)側(cè)重保留某種權(quán)利。

【句意】測試表明，一個(gè)人在生活中聽到聲音的越早，它保留的時(shí)間就越長。

3.單選題

Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supreme

B.unbending

C.superfluous

D.tangible

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.supreme最高的，至高的B.unbending堅(jiān)定的，不易彎曲的，冷漠的

C.superfluous多余的，不必要的D.tangible有形的，切實(shí)的，可觸摸的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息Theinterestsoftheconsumer（消費(fèi)者的利益）可推測，paramount的意思是“第一位的，首位的”，A選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】消費(fèi)者的利益應(yīng)放在首位。

4.問答題

Lessnotedbutequallysignificant,themenandwomenwhoformedfamiliesbetween1940and1960also

reducedthedivorcerateafterapostwarpeak:theirmarriagesremainedintacttoa

A

B

greaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswellaslaterdecades.

C

D

【答案】試題答案：C;those

【解析】考查代詞。由“theirmarriages”可知此處代詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式，that的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。

5.單選題

IwishthatI（

）theconcertlastnight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldattend

B.couldhaveattended

C.toattend

D.attended

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：我希望我（）昨晚的音樂會(huì)。這里wish后面的內(nèi)容是一種假設(shè)所以我們可知that里面要用虛擬語氣。時(shí)間是發(fā)生在“昨晚”，所以答案B。A選項(xiàng)不合邏輯；C選項(xiàng)會(huì)造成從句沒有謂語，不符合語法；D選項(xiàng)會(huì)使句子產(chǎn)生歧義，昨天晚上到底有沒有去參加音樂會(huì)，參加了為什么會(huì)在前面用wish，沒參加為什么要用一般過去式表示該事已經(jīng)發(fā)生過了。

6.單選題

Insomewaystheyareamarketer’sdream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbytelevisionadvertising.And,asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamiliesandtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.OnerecentstudyestimatesthatthethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,gifts,andoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonavarietyofgoods.Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemorethan$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandsandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents’selectionsofapparels,cereals,snacks,cars,videocassetterecorders,televisions,andpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood;inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave,agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthsdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthapparel,andProcter&Gamblehasdevelopedacrestforkids’toothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingpower?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$255children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor:whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears;nowHardee’sFoodSystemsInc.andWendy’sInternationalInc.aredoingthesame.

Intelligentmarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontochildren.Marketersareovercomingtheirtraditionalreluctancetoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsinincome—andspendmostofit”impliesthatchildren（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingchildren’sbuyingbehaviors?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingsumsupthemamideaofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotwastemuchoftheirmoney

C.havethepotentialtobuymorethaneverbefore

D.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarenotinfluencedbyadvertising.

B.Theyarecarefulaboutspendingonfastfood.

C.Theyarenotinfluencedbymilkcommercials.

D.Theyareverymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.staypracticalwhenitcomestobuyingproducts

B.betiredofthebrandswhentheybecomeadults

C.getusedtobuyingthosebrandsintoadulthood

D.becomeinterestedinpurchasingotherproducts

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Childrenhavegreatpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

B.Childrenshouldermorehouseholdresponsibilities.

C.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisions.

D.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)下文“Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall,theybuyregularly...”盡管他們個(gè)人購買的東西很少,但他們會(huì)定期購買,以應(yīng)對來自同齡人的壓力。在第二段也提及,孩子們購買東西所占比例越來越大,不僅如此,他們還會(huì)影響大人們消費(fèi),由此可知,孩子們的購物潛力比以往要大得多。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段第三句“...theybuyregularly,ofteninresponsetopeerpressure.”他們會(huì)定期購買,以應(yīng)對來自同齡人的壓力。由此可推斷,孩子們買東西很容易受到同齡人的影響,所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawarenessandproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,...”因?yàn)楹⒆觽冋诜€(wěn)步發(fā)展自己的品牌意識(shí)和產(chǎn)品偏好,這些有朝一日會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為購買決定。也就是說,孩子們成年后會(huì)習(xí)慣購買年輕時(shí)認(rèn)定的品牌。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講孩子們的消費(fèi)能力在未來不可小覷,所以選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。

7.單選題

Hecompliedwiththerequirementthatallgraduatestudentsineducation______athesis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。與動(dòng)詞require的賓語從句謂語動(dòng)詞需用虛擬語氣一樣，名詞requirement的同位語從句或表語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞也需用虛擬語氣should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。句意：他遵守了所有教育學(xué)研究生都要寫畢業(yè)論文的要求。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Givethepreviouslyexpressedinterestandtheambitioustoneofherrecentspeeches,thesenator’sattempttoconvincethepublicthatsheisnotinterestedinrunningforasecondtermis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.laudable

B.sincere

C.authentic

D.futile

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)laudable“值得贊賞的”；B選項(xiàng)sincere“真誠的，真摯的”；C選項(xiàng)authentic“真正的，真實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)futile“無用的，無效的”。根據(jù)句意‘她在先前的演講中已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出興趣和勃勃雄心，這位參議員試圖說服公眾相信她對競選連任不感興趣的做法是毫無用處的?！疍選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

Passage1

Physiciansusuallyrelyonsurgeryordrugstobustbloodclotsinthebrainthatmightotherwisecauseastroke,thethirdmostcommoncauseofdeathintheU.S.,butfewerthan10percentofpatientsusuallyfittherequirementstoundergothoseprocedures.However,soundwavesmightprovideathirdnoninvasivechoice.U.S.researchershavebeguntestingan.Israeliultrasounddevicetoseewhetheritmayproveaccurateenoughtobreakupactorwithoutcausingcollateraldamagein*&ebrain.Thisnewfocusedultrasounddevicelookslikeahelmet,studdedwithover1,000ultrasoundtransducers.Eachtransducercanfocusanindividualbeamintothebrainofthehelmet-wearerandconvergeonaspotjustfourmillimeterswide—enoughaccuracytodissolveabloodclotwithinlessthanaminute.

Passage2

Dumpingallourradioactivenuclearwasteinavolcanodoesseemlikeaneatsolutionfordestroyingtheroughly29,000tonsofspenturaniumfuelrodsstockpiledaroundtheworld.Butthere'sacriticalstandardthatavolcanowouldhavetomeettoproperlydisposeofthestuff,andthatstandardisheat.Thelavawouldhavetonetonlymeltthefuelrodsbutalsostriptheuraniumofitsradioactivity.Unfortunately,volcanoesjustaren'tveryhot.Lavainthehottestvolcanoestopsoutataround2,400'F.But,ittakestemperaturesthataretensofthousandsofdegreeshotterthanthattosplituranium'satomicnucleiandalteritsradioactivitytomakeitinert.Whatyouneedisathermonuclearreaction,likeanatomicbomb—notagreatway——todisposeofnuclearwaste.

Passage3

Inwesterncountries,managementteachersandresearchersseemtobeincreasinglydissatisfiedwiththewaymanagersareusuallyeducated.Inacomplexandopenworld,managersoftenbumpintothelimitsofthede-contextualizedtoolsassociatedwithmainstreammanagementknowledgeandpractice.Managershavetonavigateinaworldthatisnotonlyeconomicbutalsopolitical,cultural,shapedbyhistoryandethicaltraditionsandpreoccupations——notonlyasamarkofsocialcapitalbutreallyasawaytoenhancetheirmanagerialskillsandefficiency.Theroteofmanagementeducationshouldbetopreparethemforthatodyssey.Humanitiescanbeapowerfultoolinthatsense.Managementschoolscouldfindnewinspirationsforcurriculumfromthehumanities.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】Passage1

醫(yī)生通常依靠手術(shù)或藥物去除大腦中的血凝塊,這些血凝塊可能導(dǎo)致患者中風(fēng)。在美國,這是第三大常見的致死病因。但是少于10%的患者符合接受那些程序的要求。然而,聲波可能提供一個(gè)無創(chuàng)性的第三選擇。美國研究人員己經(jīng)開始測試一個(gè)以色列超聲波設(shè)備,證實(shí)它是否足夠精準(zhǔn)足以在不對大腦造成間接傷害的前提下粉碎作用物。這個(gè)新的聚焦超聲設(shè)備看起來就像一個(gè)頭盔,鑲有1000個(gè)超聲波換能器。每個(gè)傳感器可以聚焦于一段聲波進(jìn)入戴著這個(gè)設(shè)備的患者的大腦,聚集在一個(gè)精準(zhǔn)到只有4毫米寬的點(diǎn),然后在一分鐘之內(nèi)溶解血凝塊。

Passage2

把我們所有的放射性核廢料傾倒于一座火山看起來確實(shí)是一個(gè)很好的解決方案,毀掉了全世界約2900噸的乏鈾燃料棒。但是一座火山要妥善地處理這些材料,就面臨著一個(gè)評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是熱。熔巖不僅要融化燃料棒,而且要消除鈾的放射性。不幸的是,火山偏偏不是很熱,最熱的火山的熔巖最高溫在2400華氏度。但是,它需要比這更高成千上萬倍的溫度來分裂鈾原子核和改變它的放射性物質(zhì)。你需要的是一個(gè)熱核反應(yīng)堆,就像原子彈（不是一種好方法）,來處理核廢料。

Passage3

在西方國家,管理學(xué)老師和研究者似乎越來越不滿意于經(jīng)理的培養(yǎng)方式。在一個(gè)復(fù)雜和開放的世界,經(jīng)理經(jīng)常會(huì)受到一些跟主流管理知識(shí)和實(shí)踐有關(guān)的脫離語境的相關(guān)工具的限制。經(jīng)理必須在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等方面跟上時(shí)代的步伐,這是在歷史進(jìn)程中形成的廣文推崇的一種倫理傳統(tǒng)不僅是社會(huì)資本的一種標(biāo)志,而且實(shí)際上是一種提高自身的管理技能和效率的方法。這種生硬死板的管理學(xué)的教育方式將會(huì)把他們培養(yǎng)成奧德賽史詩式的人物。在這個(gè)意義上,人文可以成為一種強(qiáng)大的工具。管理學(xué)?？梢詮娜宋恼n程中找到新的靈感。

10.單選題

Sheisvery（

）aboutherappearance.Halfofhersalarygoestoclothes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.particular

B.peculiar

C.special

D.unusual

【答案】A

【解析】particularabout為固定短語搭配，意為“對...挑剔，過分講究的”。這里指她對自己的外表很講究。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Theseverityofadjustmentproblemsexperiencedinasecondculturedependsontheindividual’sabilitytoadapttonewsituations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excitement

B.intensity

C.solutions

D.importance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。severity“嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)格；猛烈”；A選項(xiàng)excitement“興奮；刺激；令人新奇的事物”；B選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度；強(qiáng)烈；緊張”；C選項(xiàng)solutions“解決方案；應(yīng)對措施；溶液劑”；D選項(xiàng)importance“價(jià)值；重要；重大”。句意：在第二種文化中經(jīng)歷的適應(yīng)問題的嚴(yán)重程度取決于個(gè)人適應(yīng)新情況的能力。題干指出“adjustmentproblemsexperiencedinasecondculture在第二種文化中所經(jīng)歷的適應(yīng)問題”，可推知severity在這里是“嚴(yán)重性”的意思，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

“ThatEnglishfellow’ssongsareveryportic.”“（）thewordstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Healsowrite

B.Althoughhewrites

C.Notonlydoeshewrite

D.Itisnotallthathewrites

【答案】C

【解析】notonly...butalso...為固定搭配。句意：他不僅自己作詞,還自己作曲。

13.單選題

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸張的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪費(fèi)的。句意：他默許我們拿走蘋果,因?yàn)楫?dāng)他看到我們這樣做時(shí),他笑了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.單選題

Thekeytothesequestionsistheemotionalresponsewecallanxiety.Unlikehungerorthirst,whichbuildanddissipate(驅(qū)散)intheimmediatepresent,anxietyisthesortoffeelingthatsneaksuponyoufromthedayaftertomorrow.It’ssupposedtokeepyoufromfeelingtoosafe.Withoutit,fewofuswouldsurvive.

Allanimals,especiallythesmall,scurryingkind,appeartofeelanxiety.Humanshavefeltitsincethedaystheysharedtheplanetwithsaber-toothedtigers.Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.TheinitialshockofSept.11haswormoff,andthefearhaslifted,butmillionsofAmericanscontinuetoshareakindofgeneralizedmassanxiety.ArecentTIME/CNNpollfoundthateightmonthsaftertheevent,nearlytwo-thirdsofAmericansthinkabouttheterrorattacksatleastseveraltimesaweek.Anditdoesn’ttakemuchforalltheoldfearstocomerushingback.Whatwassurprisingabouttherecentdrumbeatofterrorwarningswashowquicklyittriggeredtheanxietysomanyofusthoughtwehadputbehindus.

Thisisoneofthemysteriesofanxiety.Whileitisanormalresponsetophysicaldanger-andcanbeausefultoolforfocusingthemindwhenthere’sadeadlinelooming(或隱或現(xiàn))—anxietybecomesaproblemwhenitpersiststoolongbeyondtheimmediatethreat.Sometimesthere’sanobviouscause,aswiththeshell-shockedsoldiersofWorldWarIortheterror-scarredciviliansoftheWorldTradeCentercollapse.Othertimes,wedon’tknowwhywecan’tstopworrying.

Thereiscertainlyalotofanxietygoingaround.Anxietydisorder—whichiswhathealthexpertscallanyanxietythatpersiststothepointthatitinterfereswithone’slife—isthemostcommonmentalillnessintheU.S.Initsvariousforms,rangingfromveryspecificphobias(恐懼癥)togeneralizedanxietydisorder,itafflicts19millionAmericans.

Andyet,accordingtoasurveypublishedlastJanuarybyresearchersfromUCLA,lessthan25%ofAmericanswithanxietydisordersreceiveanykindoftreatmentfortheircondition.“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem,”saysJerilynRoss,presidentoftheAnxietyDisordersAssociationofAmerica.“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”

SigmundFreudwasfascinatedwithanxietyandrecognizedearlyonthatthereismorethanonekind.Heidentifiedtwomajorformsofanxiety:onemorebiologicalinnatureandtheothermoredependentonpsychologicalfactors.Unfortunately,hisfollowersweresoobsessedwithhisideasaboutsexdrivesandunresolvedconflictsthatstudiesofthephysicalbasisofanxietylanguished(減退).

1.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleofthispassage?

2.WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleoftheterroristattackonSept.11?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhatdoesJerilynRossmeanby“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem...thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”inParagraph5?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HealingAnxiety.

B.UnderstandingAnxiety.

C.TheOriginofAnxiety.

D.TheHazardsofAnxiety.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowthatanxietyseldomreoccurs.

B.Toindicatethatanxietyiseasytoarouse.

C.Toprovethathumanisatrisk.

D.Todemonstratethatmankindismorenervousthananyothertime.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anxietydisorderhasanegativeimpact.

B.Anxietyisoneofthehealthcareissues.

C.Anxietyissupposedtobeavoided.

D.Whatleadstoanxietycanbeambiguous.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemofmentalhealthisneglected.

B.Theproblemofanxietyisneglected.

C.Mentalhealthisahealth-careproblem.

D.Anxietyisamental-healthproblem.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.SigmundFreud’sideasarewelldevelopedbythefollowers.

B.Sexdrivesandunresolvedconflictscanrelieveanxiety.

C.SigmundFreudidentifiedtypesofanxiety.

D.Moreresearchesshouldbeconductedinphysicalaspectofanxiety.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章講了焦慮是什么、焦慮的來源、焦慮帶來的影響、治療焦慮的研究和方法，B選項(xiàng)“理解焦慮”正確。A選項(xiàng)“治療焦慮”，C選項(xiàng)“焦慮的起源”和D選項(xiàng)“焦慮的危害”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.（但我們生活在一個(gè)特別焦慮的時(shí)代。）和第二段最后一句Whatwassurprisingabouttherecentdrumbeatofterrorwarningswashowquicklyittriggeredtheanxietysomanyofusthoughtwehadputbehindus.（最近一連串恐怖的警告竟然如此迅速地引發(fā)了我們許多人以為已經(jīng)拋在腦后的焦慮。），提出現(xiàn)在的人普遍焦慮的論點(diǎn)后引出911事件的例子進(jìn)行論證，再點(diǎn)出拋在腦后的焦慮容易再次出現(xiàn)，B選項(xiàng)“表明焦慮是容易引起的”正確，A選項(xiàng)“表示焦慮很少再次發(fā)生”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“證明人類處于危險(xiǎn)之中”：這里的重點(diǎn)是危險(xiǎn)引起的焦慮，而且文中沒有說類似于911的危險(xiǎn)事件非常多，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“證明人類比任何時(shí)候都要緊張”：根據(jù)第二段第二、三句Humanshavefeltitsincethedaystheysharedtheplanetwithsaber-toothedtigers.Butweliveinaparticularlyanxiousage.（自從人類與劍齒虎共享這個(gè)星球以來，就一直有這種感覺。但我們生活在一個(gè)特別焦慮的時(shí)代。），文中沒有對比人類在各個(gè)時(shí)期的焦慮狀況，不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句Withoutit,fewofuswouldsurvive.（沒有它，我們很少有人能活下來。），可知焦慮有幫助人存活下來的作用，人類需要適度的焦慮，C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該避免焦慮”不符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第四段第二句Anxietydisorder—whichiswhathealthexpertscallanyanxietythatpersiststothepointthatitinterfereswithone’slife—isthemostcommonmentalillnessintheU.S.（焦慮癥——健康專家稱任何持續(xù)干擾人生活的焦慮——是美國最常見的精神疾病。），可知焦慮癥會(huì)干擾人的生活，是一種精神疾病，A選項(xiàng)“焦慮癥有負(fù)面影響”符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem.”…“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”（“如果心理健康是醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的繼子?！薄澳敲唇箲]就是繼子的繼子?！保芍睦斫】祵儆卺t(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)，而焦慮屬于心理健康，B選項(xiàng)“焦慮是健康保健問題之一”符合文章內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句Sometimesthere’sanobviouscause…Othertimes,wedon’tknowwhywecan’tstopworrying.（有時(shí)原因很明顯……其他時(shí)候，我們不知道為什么我們不能停止擔(dān)憂。），可知有時(shí)焦慮的原因很明確，有時(shí)焦慮的原因無從得知，D選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)說不清楚是什么引起焦慮”符合文章內(nèi)容。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Ifmentalhealthisthestepchildofthehealth-caresystem.”…“thenanxietyisthestepchildofthestepchild.”（“如果心理健康是醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的繼子?！薄澳敲唇箲]就是繼子的繼子?！保@里運(yùn)用打比方的方式闡述心理健康、醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)和焦慮的關(guān)系，重點(diǎn)在于后半段焦慮是心理健康的繼子，即焦慮屬于心理健康，D選項(xiàng)“焦慮是一種心理健康問題”正確，C選項(xiàng)“心理健康是一個(gè)保健問題”不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“心理健康問題被忽視了”和B選項(xiàng)“焦慮的問題被忽視了”：這里沒有提到這些問題有沒有被忽略。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句Heidentifiedtwomajorformsofanxiety（他確定了兩種主要的焦慮形式），C選項(xiàng)“西格蒙德?弗洛伊德確定了焦慮的類型”正確。根據(jù)文章最后一句Unfortunately,hisfollowersweresoobsessedwithhisideasaboutsexdrivesandunresolvedconflictsthatstudiesofthephysicalbasisofanxietylanguished.（不幸的是，他的追隨者對他關(guān)于性沖動(dòng)和未解決的沖突的觀點(diǎn)過于著迷，以至于對焦慮的生理基礎(chǔ)的研究也停滯不前。），可知西格蒙德?弗洛伊德的追隨者沒有進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)他的思想和理論，A選項(xiàng)“西格蒙德?弗洛伊德的思想在追隨者中得到了很好的發(fā)展”錯(cuò)誤；沒有明確表示得出B選項(xiàng)“性欲和未解決的沖突可以緩解焦慮”的結(jié)論；在焦慮方面的生理研究停滯不前不代表需要進(jìn)一步研究，D選項(xiàng)“在焦慮的身體方面需要進(jìn)行更多的研究”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Thetheorythatbusinesscouldoperatetotallywithouttheaidofgovernmenthasprovedtobea（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.allusion

B.seclusion

C.illusion

D.confusion

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞辨析。allusion“暗示”；seclusion“與世隔絕”；illusion“幻想；錯(cuò)覺”；confusion“混亂；困惑”。句意：認(rèn)為商業(yè)運(yùn)營能夠完全脫離政府援助的這種觀點(diǎn)是一種幻想。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.單選題

Themedicinemademedrowsy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sleepy

B.dizzy

C.sad

D.lazy

【答案】A

【解析】drowsy意為昏昏欲睡的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

17.單選題

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexplanationseemednotto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.getup

B.getalong

C.getacross

D.getdown

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語。getup“起床”；getalong“相處，進(jìn)展”；getacross“使……被理解”；getdown“從…下來，使沮喪”。句意：盡管我努力解釋地足夠清楚了，但是我的解釋似乎不能被理解。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.寫作題

Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan200wordslongaccordingtothefollowinggraph.Youneedtointerpretwhatthegraphtriestoinformandusetheinformationfromthegraphandlogicalanalysistosupportyourfindings.PleasenotethatAJ,Ben,Chuck.Dan,Earl,andFredarenamesof6students.YoumustwriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided.

【答案】SchoolAttendanceandScienceGrades19.單選題

Thestudent,（）atthewaythequestionwasputforward,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosurprise

B.surprised

C.surprising

D.tobesurprised

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主語“thestudent”和動(dòng)詞“surprise”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以本題應(yīng)該選B選項(xiàng)：surprised。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生對問題提出的方式感到驚訝，不知道如何回答。綜上所述，B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Becausemytoothwasbadlydecayed,thedentisthadto（

）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extricate

B.exterminate

C.eradicate

D.extract

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因?yàn)槲业闹篮車?yán)重,牙醫(yī)不得不拔掉它。

考查形近詞辨析。Extricate使解脫,解救;exterminate消滅,根除;eradicate鏟除;extract拔出,拔(牙)。

21.單選題

Amtrak（美國鐵路客運(yùn)公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客運(yùn)量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeendecliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevastareasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedtootherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelinordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.

Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:1）anxiousfliers—thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—thoseviewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartoftheirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiencessuchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.

Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

1.What'stheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassage?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedropinAmtrakridershipwasduetothefactthat（）.

3.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized（）.

4.Thetrainadswereplacedamongfamily-orientedTVprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericabecause（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofits

because（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowtheinabilityoftrainstocompetewithplaneswithrespecttospeedandconvenience

B.TostresstheinfluenceoftheautomobileonAmerica'sstandardofconvenience

C.Toemphasizethefunctionoftravelagenciesinmarketpromotion

D.Toillustratetheimportantroleofpersuasivecommunicationinchangingconsumerattitudes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.trainswerenotsuitableforshortdistancepassengertransportation

B.trainswerenotthefastestandmostconvenientformoftransportation

C.trainswerenotasfastandconvenientastheyusedtobe

D.trainscouldnotcompetewithplanesintermsofluxuryandconvenience

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefreedomandconvenienceprovidedontrains

B.thepracticalaspectsoftraintravel

C.theadventurousaspectsoftraintrips

D.thesafetyandcleanlinessoftraintrips

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldfocusonmeaningfultravelexperiences

B.theycouldincreasetheeffectivenessoftheTVprograms

C.theirprofitscouldbeincreasedbysome15percent

D.mosttravel-loversandnervousflierswerebelievedtobeamongtheaudiences

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertised

B.itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperience

C.itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoors

D.itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。本文主要講述了美國鐵路客運(yùn)公司為應(yīng)對飛機(jī)和汽車的競爭所采取的應(yīng)對策略，Amtrak將焦急的飛行者和旅游愛好者視為目標(biāo)群體，然后對其進(jìn)行廣告的投放，最終取得一定效果。故作者的意圖是強(qiáng)調(diào)廣告的勸說性功能在改變消費(fèi)者態(tài)度方面的作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.然而，時(shí)代變了，汽車成為了美國方便的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而且，航空旅行很容易就成為長途旅行最快的方法?！笨芍绹F路客運(yùn)量下降主要是由于汽車和飛機(jī)的出現(xiàn)，火車不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.它強(qiáng)調(diào)了乘坐火車所獲得的體驗(yàn)，并將西方火車旅行描述為美妙的冒險(xiǎn)?！笨芍狣DBNeedham強(qiáng)調(diào)火車旅行的冒險(xiǎn)性。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.這些廣告被戰(zhàn)略性地放置在以家庭為導(dǎo)向的涉及自然和美國的電視節(jié)目中，以便最有效地觸及目標(biāo)觀眾?！笨芍@些廣告投放主要是為了能讓目標(biāo)觀眾看到，而前面已經(jīng)提及目標(biāo)觀眾是travel-lovers和fliers。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)廣告展示了一些更著名的西部路線沿線可以欣賞的美麗風(fēng)景的圖片，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些火車的浪漫名字（帝國建造者等）?！笨芍蹏ㄔ煺咛?hào)列車的客流量上升是源于列車的名字和廣告中宣稱的路線和風(fēng)景。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

22.單選題

Eventhoughstrongevidencehasprovedthenicotinetobe（

）,thetobaccocompanystillinsiststhatitsproductsareharmless.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soluble

B.deficient

C.addictive

D.skeptical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。soluble“可溶解的；可解決的”；deficient“不足的；有缺陷的”；addictive“使人上癮的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。句意：盡管有力的證據(jù)已經(jīng)證明尼古丁能讓人上癮，但是煙草公司仍然堅(jiān)持它是無害的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

ByfarthemostimportantUnitedStatesexportproductinthe18and19centurieswascottonfavoredbytheEuropeantextileoverflaxorwoolbecauseitwaseasytoprocessandsofttotouch.Mechanizationofspinningandweavingallowedsignificantcentralizationandexpansioninthetextileindustryduringthisperiodandatthesametimethedemandforcottonincreaseddramatically.AmericanproducerswereabletomeetthisdemandlargelybecauseoftheinventionofthecottonginbyEliWhiteyin1793.CottoncouldbegrownthroughouttheSouth,butseparatingthefiber-orlint--fromtheseedwasalaboriousprocess.Seaislandcottonwasrelativelyeasytoprocessbyhand,becauseitsfiberswerelongandseedswereconcentratedatthebaseoftheflowerbutisdemandedlonggrowingseason,availableonlyalongthenationscasterseacoast.Short-staplecottonrequiredamuchshortergrowingseason,buttheshortnessofthefibersandtheirmixturewithseedsmeantthataworkercouldhand