考研考博-英語-天津大學(xué)仁愛學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津大學(xué)仁愛學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Somecompanieshaveintroducedflexibleworkingtimewithlessemphasisonpressure（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thanmoreonefficiency

B.andmoreefficiency

C.andmoreonefficiency

D.thanefficiency

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。題目中emphasis和efficiency處于構(gòu)成并列的關(guān)系。句意：一些公司采用了彈性工作時(shí)間，更少地強(qiáng)調(diào)壓力，更多地強(qiáng)調(diào)效率。實(shí)際上為“moreemphasisonefficiency”，選項(xiàng)C運(yùn)用了省略的結(jié)構(gòu)，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages（

）fromthedictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:湯姆向書商抱怨這本字典缺了幾頁。

語法題。考查后置定語。分析題干跟選項(xiàng)可知空格處為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語修飾severalpages,表示“丟失了的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,losing失敗的,使受損失的;lost失去的,喪失的,迷路的。這兩項(xiàng)一般不放在被修飾詞后作定語。Missing丟失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

3.單選題

Inthemodernsociety,peopleoftenfeelcomfortablephysicallybutsufferalot（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.moderately

B.naturally

C.biologically

D.psychologically

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。moderately“適度地，有節(jié)制地”；naturally“自然地”；biologically“生物學(xué)上地”；psychologically“精神上地，心理上地”。句意：在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，人們經(jīng)常感覺生理上是舒服的，但卻遭遇心理上的問題。由but可知其前后內(nèi)容性質(zhì)相反，前面提到生理，故空格處應(yīng)該填心理上地。

4.單選題

Mostofhisfellowworkersdon'tlikehimbecauseheoften___ofhispastglory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bursts

B.bawls

C.boasts

D.bans

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.bursts爆發(fā)B.bawls大叫

C.boasts自夸；夸耀D.bans禁止

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】空格處接of組成固定短語?？崭裉幍膭?dòng)詞與光輝事跡相連接，與前文同事們不喜歡他相照應(yīng)。C選項(xiàng)boastof“自夸”在這里表示他總是自己夸耀自己，符合句子邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】他的大多數(shù)同事都不喜歡他，因?yàn)樗?jīng)常吹噓自己過去的輝煌。

5.單選題

Theextracostoftravellingtoworkis（

）bythelowerpriceofhouseshere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensated

B.mended

C.offset

D.covered

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。compensate“補(bǔ)償”；mend“修改”；offset“抵消，補(bǔ)償”；cover“掩蔽，遮蓋”。句意：這些廉價(jià)的房價(jià)抵消了那些去遠(yuǎn)處上班的費(fèi)用。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrain

B.retrain

C.abandon

D.prevent

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)restrain“抑制，控制”；B選項(xiàng)retrain“再訓(xùn)練，再教育”；C選項(xiàng)abandon“放任，離開”；D選項(xiàng)prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”。根據(jù)句意“小女孩抑制不住好奇心，想看看盒子里裝的是什么?！边x項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou’reentitledto,you’reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta（）attitudetowardstheircountry.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor’sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Fondnessofforeignculture.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文首段“DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.”，中文翻譯為：盡管丹麥有著明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是丹麥人卻從不談及自己身為丹麥人有多么自豪。因此B選項(xiàng)“謙虛的”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Danishcharacteristic可定位到文章第二段Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”，中文翻譯為：正如俗語所說，它（即丹麥）是一個(gè)‘很少人擁有太多且更少的人擁有太少’的國土，對(duì)應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)平等”。第二段中“thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit”，中文翻譯為：沒有一個(gè)丹麥的學(xué)院去反對(duì)它（英語），對(duì)應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)“語言的容忍”。以及第二段“It’sanationoftirelessplanners.”中文翻譯為：它是一個(gè)有著不知疲倦的規(guī)劃者的國家。對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)“持續(xù)的規(guī)劃”。因此A項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段“...brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark…”，中文翻譯為：水溝中打碎的啤酒瓶，倒在公園里的喝醉的青少年?？芍鸢笧镈項(xiàng)“懷疑的”。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Danishorderliness可以定位到文章第四段“Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.”，中文翻譯為：有序是一個(gè)主要的賣點(diǎn)。因此C項(xiàng)“在經(jīng)濟(jì)上對(duì)這個(gè)國家被認(rèn)為是至關(guān)重要的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A項(xiàng)“丹麥人清楚地被告知自己的社會(huì)福利”可定位到文章倒數(shù)第一段“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone.”，中文翻譯為：福利系統(tǒng)的制度對(duì)每個(gè)人都是顯然的。B選項(xiàng)“丹麥人將被給予自己的東西當(dāng)成理所當(dāng)然”對(duì)應(yīng)文章最后一段中“Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship.”，中文翻譯為：某些東西由于你是公民而是你的。C選項(xiàng)“公開的系統(tǒng)有助于這個(gè)國家度過困難時(shí)期”對(duì)應(yīng)最后一段“…toweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.”，中文翻譯為：在沒有危機(jī)感的情況下去經(jīng)受住失業(yè)和社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩。因此可知答案為D“有序緩解了失業(yè)”。

8.單選題

Otherguestsatyesterday'sopeningceremony,whichwasbroadcast（

）bytheradiostationincludedtheGovernorandtheMayor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alive

B.live

C.lively

D.living

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。alive“活著的，活潑的，有生氣的”；live“直播的，活的”；lively“活潑的，生動(dòng)的”；living“現(xiàn)存的，活躍的，逼真的”。句意：昨天，廣播電臺(tái)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的開幕式上，其他來賓包括州長和市長。由broadcast可推知是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。故B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Astheeconomygrew,anincreasingsenseofsamenessprevailedinAmericansociety.Thiswasthegreatageofconformity,whenmembersofallsocialgroupslearnedtoimitatethosearoundthemratherthanstrikeoutontheirown.Third-and-fourth-generationethnicAmericansbecamemuchmorealike.Withimmigrationslowedtoatrickleafter1924,andtiestoEuropeweakened,assimilationoccurred.Televisioncontributedtogrowingconformitybyprovidingyoungandoldwithcommon,sharedvisuallyattractiveexperience.Escapingtheassimilatingtendencieswasdifficult.SociologistDavidRiesmanpointedoutthatintheclassicnurseryrhyme“ThisLittlePigWenttoMarket,”eachpigwenthisownway.“Today,however,alllittlepigsgotomarket;nonestayhome;allhaveroastbeef,ifanydo;andallsay‘we-we.’”

Thewillingnesstoconformtogroupnormsaffectedcollegesanduniversities,wherecautiousstudentssoughtsecurity.Theyjoinedfraternitiesandsororitiesandengagedinpantyraidsandotherpranks,buttooklittleinterestinworldaffairs.“Iobserve,”YalepresidentA.WhitneyGriswoldtoldagraduatingclassin1950,“thatyousharetheprevailingmoodofthehour,whichinyourcaseconsistsofbargainsprivatelymadewithfate—onfate’sterms.”

Americansinthepostwaryearsdiscoveredasharedreligioussenseandreturnedtotheirchurchesinrecordnumbers.Churchmembershipdoubledbetween1945and1970.Inpart,churchattendancereflectedadesiretochallenge“godlesscommunism”attheheightoftheColdWarandtofindsomerelieffromthethreatofanuclearwar;inpart,itresultedfromthepowerofsuggestionthatledAmericanstodowhatothersdid.Religionalsoseemedtoreinforcetheimportanceoffamilylife.Asonesloganputit,“Thefamilythatpraystogetherstaystogether.”Moreover,religionbecameincreasinglyappealing.EvangelistBillyGraham,oftenintroducedas“amanwithGod’smessageforthesecrisisdays,”preachedtomillionsathisrevivals.Hecapitalizedonthemedia,usingradio,television,andfilmtospreadhismessage.Bytheendofthe1950s,fully95percentofallAmericansidentifiedwithsomereligiousdenomination.

46.Accordingtothecontext,wecanguessthat“thegreatageofconformity”roughlymeanstheerawhen______.

47.SociologistDavidRiesman’sremarksrevealed______.

48.WhatYalepresidentsaidshowsthatcollegestudents______.

49.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,largechurchattendanceseemstohavetodowithallofthefollowingexcept______.

50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplefromallwalksoflifetooklittleinterestinworldaffairs

B.allsocialmemberstendedtoactthewayothersdid

C.theyoungandtheoldlearnedtonarrowtheirdifferencesandtolerateeachother

D.religionplayedanimportantroleinreinforcingtheimportanceoffamilylife

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thechangeinthedietofAmericans

B.differencesinAmericans’opinionsonnurseryeducation

C.theeffectsofeconomicgrowthonAmerican’habitsandcustoms

D.theprevailingtrendtowardsassimilationinAmericansociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.gaveupstrugglingforabetterfuture

B.werestrugglinghardforabetterfuture

C.wereonlyinterestedinstudents’organizations

D.werefavoredbyfate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Americans’keenerawarenessoftheimportanceoffamilylife

B.theever-growingattractionofreligionforAmericans

C.Americans’resolvetogivefullsupporttotheColdWar

D.thegraveinternationalsituationofthetime

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.America:ADifferentSocietyfromthePast

B.SpreadofReligioninPostwarYears

C.Religion:AnImportantAspectofAmericanLife

D.ConformityinAmericanSociety

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】46.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

46.Accordingtothecontext,wecanguessthat“thegreatageofconformity”roughlymeanstheerawhen______.46.根據(jù)上下文，我們可以猜測(cè)“從眾的大時(shí)代”大致上指的是______時(shí)代。

A.peoplefromallwalksoflifetooklittleinterestinworldaffairsA.各行各業(yè)的人對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣

B.allsocialmemberstendedtoactthewayothersdidB.所有社會(huì)成員都傾向于模仿他人的行為方式

C.theyoungandtheoldlearnedtonarrowtheirdifferencesandtolerateeachotherC.年輕人和老年人學(xué)會(huì)了縮小他們的差異并互相容忍

D.religionplayedanimportantroleinreinforcingtheimportanceoffamilylifeD.宗教在加強(qiáng)家庭生活重要性方面發(fā)揮了重要作用

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thegreatageofconformity定位至第一段第二句“這是一個(gè)從眾的大時(shí)代（thegreatageofconformity），所有社會(huì)群體的成員都學(xué)會(huì)了模仿他們周圍的人，而不是開創(chuàng)屬于自己的想法（imitatethosearoundthemratherthanstrikeoutontheirown）”，理解可知，thegreatageofconformity（從眾的大時(shí)代）就是所有社會(huì)群體成員模仿他人行為的時(shí)代。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C選項(xiàng)“年輕人和老年人學(xué)會(huì)了縮小他們的差異并互相容忍”沒提到，無中生有；

A選項(xiàng)“各行各業(yè)的人對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣”和D選項(xiàng)“宗教在加強(qiáng)家庭生活重要性方面發(fā)揮了重要作用”與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴。

47.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

47.SociologistDavidRiesman’sremarksrevealed______.47.社會(huì)學(xué)家大衛(wèi)?里斯曼的評(píng)論揭示了______。

A.thechangeinthedietofAmericansA.美國人飲食的變化

B.differencesinAmericans’opinionsonnurseryeducationB.美國人對(duì)幼兒園教育的看法不同

C.theeffectsofeconomicgrowthonAmerican’habitsandcustomsC.經(jīng)濟(jì)增長對(duì)美國人生活習(xí)慣的影響

D.theprevailingtrendtowardsassimilationinAmericansocietyD.美國社會(huì)同化的流行趨勢(shì)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句“社會(huì)學(xué)家DavidRiesman指出，在經(jīng)典的童謠《這只小豬去市場(chǎng)》中，每只豬都走自己的路；然而，今天所有的（all）小豬都去市場(chǎng)了，沒有一個(gè)待在家里；如果有的話，他們都（all）吃烤牛肉，都（all）說‘we-we’?！?，其中多次使用了all一詞，結(jié)合上文提到的同化傾向，社會(huì)學(xué)家大衛(wèi)?里斯曼的評(píng)論揭示了美國當(dāng)今越來越盛行的同化趨勢(shì)。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“美國人飲食的變化”和B選項(xiàng)“美國人對(duì)幼兒園教育的看法不同”表述曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長對(duì)美國人生活習(xí)慣的影響”中的“生活習(xí)慣”太片面，以偏概全。

48.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

48.WhatYalepresidentsaidshowsthatcollegestudents______.48.耶魯大學(xué)校長所說的表明大學(xué)生______。

A.gaveupstrugglingforabetterfutureA.放棄了為美好的未來奮斗

B.werestrugglinghardforabetterfutureB.是在為一個(gè)更好的未來而奮斗

C.wereonlyinterestedinstudents’organizationsC.只對(duì)學(xué)生組織感興趣

D.werefavoredbyfateD.被命運(yùn)所眷顧

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先定位到第二段最后一句關(guān)于耶魯大學(xué)校長所說的話“我注意到，你當(dāng)時(shí)有同樣的主導(dǎo)情緒（prevailingmood），就你而言，這是在命運(yùn)的條件下與命運(yùn)私下達(dá)成的交易”，prevailingmood指的是上文“謹(jǐn)慎的學(xué)生為了尋求安全感而參與各種惡作劇”，其中提到了buttooklittleinterestinworldaffairs（但是對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣）；綜合理解可知，耶魯大學(xué)校長說這一句話是表明大學(xué)生放棄了為美好未來生活的奮斗。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“是在為一個(gè)更好的未來而奮斗”與原文相反，反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“只對(duì)學(xué)生組織感興趣”表述與原文不符，文中雖然提到學(xué)生會(huì)參加一些學(xué)生組織，但這是因?yàn)樗麄兿胍獙で蟀踩?，而不是感興趣，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“被命運(yùn)所眷顧”沒有體現(xiàn)，無中生有。

49.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

49.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,largechurchattendanceseemstohavetodowithallofthefollowingexcept______.49.根據(jù)第三段，大量的出席教會(huì)似乎與下列事情有關(guān)，除了______。

A.Americans’keenerawarenessoftheimportanceoffamilylifeA.美國人更加意識(shí)到家庭生活的重要性

B.theever-growingattractionofreligionforAmericansB.宗教對(duì)美國人日益增長的吸引力

C.Americans’resolvetogivefullsupporttotheColdWarC.美國全力支持冷戰(zhàn)的決心

D.thegraveinternationalsituationofthetimeD.當(dāng)時(shí)嚴(yán)峻的國際形勢(shì)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位至文章第三段，第三句提到“在某種程度上，去教堂做禮拜反映了一種渴望，即在冷戰(zhàn)高峰時(shí)期挑戰(zhàn)‘無神論的共產(chǎn)主義’（challenge‘godlesscommunism’），并從核戰(zhàn)爭的威脅中尋求某種解脫”，從challenge“godlesscommunism”（挑戰(zhàn)“無神論的共產(chǎn)主義”）可以看出，當(dāng)時(shí)美國參與教會(huì)部分原因是挑戰(zhàn)蘇聯(lián)的無神論共產(chǎn)主義，所以C項(xiàng)與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“美國人更加意識(shí)到家庭生活的重要性”定位第三段第四句“宗教似乎也加強(qiáng)了家庭生活的重要性（reinforcetheimportanceoffamilylife）”，可知該項(xiàng)與原文相符；

B選項(xiàng)“宗教對(duì)美國人日益增長的吸引力”定位第六句“此外，宗教變得越來越有吸引力（increasinglyappealing）”，可知該項(xiàng)與原文相符；

D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)時(shí)嚴(yán)峻的國際形勢(shì)”從第三句中“挑戰(zhàn)‘無神論共產(chǎn)主義’”和“從核戰(zhàn)爭的威脅中尋求某種解脫”可以看出，該項(xiàng)也正確。

50.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?50.下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以作為這篇文章的合適標(biāo)題？

A.America:ADifferentSocietyfromthePast

A.美國：一個(gè)與過去不同的社會(huì)

B.SpreadofReligioninPostwarYears

B.戰(zhàn)后宗教的傳播

C.Religion:AnImportantAspectofAmericanLife

C.宗教：美國生活的一個(gè)重要方面

D.ConformityinAmericanSociety

D.美國社會(huì)的從眾性

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】首先，看到首尾兩段核心句，首段第一句“隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，越來越多的同一性在美國社會(huì)盛行（anincreasingsenseofsameness）”，以及末段第一句“戰(zhàn)后，美國人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種共同的宗教意識(shí)（asharedreligioussense），重返教堂的人數(shù)創(chuàng)下了紀(jì)錄”，可知文章主要講述的內(nèi)容是美國社會(huì)的同一性。然后，看到文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，文章首先介紹美國社會(huì)同一性產(chǎn)生的歷史原因，然后從學(xué)校和宗教兩個(gè)方面來闡述同一性的表現(xiàn)。綜上所述可知，文章的關(guān)鍵詞是conformity，內(nèi)容就是美國社會(huì)的從眾性。故D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“美國：一個(gè)與過去不同的社會(huì)”、B選項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)后宗教的傳播”和C選項(xiàng)“宗教：美國生活的一個(gè)重要方面”均屬于以偏概全。

10.單選題

______herpeninink,whensheheardthetrampingoflittlefeetalongthehall,andthenapoundingatherdoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosoonerhasshedipped

B.Scarcelyhadshedipped

C.Assoonasshehaddipped

D.Hardlyshehasdipped

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Nosoonerhasshedipped她一蘸B.Scarcelyhadshedipped她剛蘸

C.Assoonasshehaddipped她剛蘸就D.Hardlyshehasdipped她剛蘸

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝句。

【解題思路】根據(jù)when可知，scarcely/hardly…when表示“剛……就”，而scarcely/hardly位于句首就要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，所以B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)要與than搭配使用；

C項(xiàng)不需要與when搭配；

D項(xiàng)沒有部分倒裝。

【句意】她剛把筆蘸上墨水，就聽見大廳外的腳步聲，然后是敲門聲。

11.翻譯題

WhatIwishforallstudentsissomereleasefromthegrimgripofthefuture.Iwishthemachancetoenjoyeachsegmentoftheireducationasanexperienceinitselfandnotasatiresomerequirementinpreparationforthenextstep.Iwishthemtherighttoexperiment,totripandfall,tolearnthatdefeatisaseducationalasvictoryandisnottheendoftheworld.

Mywish,ofcourse,isnative.OneofthefewrightsthatAmericadoesnotproclaimistherighttofail.Achievementisthenationalgod,worshippedinourmedia—themillion-dollarathlete,thewealthyexecutiveandglorifiedinourpraiseofpossessions.Inthepresenceofsuchapotentstatereligion,theyoungaregrowingupold.

【答案】我希望所有的學(xué)生稍微擺脫未來的無情控制。我希望他們有機(jī)會(huì)把自己每一階段的教育純粹當(dāng)成一種經(jīng)歷來享受，而不是作為一種為下一步做準(zhǔn)備的令人厭倦的需要。我希望他們有權(quán)利去嘗試、跌倒、懂得失敗如同勝利一樣具有教育意義和失敗并不是世界的末日。

當(dāng)然，我的希望是天真的。失敗的權(quán)利是美國人不贊揚(yáng)的幾個(gè)權(quán)利之一。成就是民族之神，在我們的媒體中受到崇拜——如身價(jià)百萬的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，富有的主管人員一樣——在我們對(duì)財(cái)富的贊美中得到榮耀。年輕人就是在這樣一種強(qiáng)有力的民族信仰熏陶下長大的。

12.單選題

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgent

B.hasty

C.instant

D.prompt

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)urgentadj.緊急的，急迫的；B選項(xiàng)hastyadj.輕率的，草率的，匆忙的；C選項(xiàng)instantadj.立即的，緊迫的；D選項(xiàng)promptadj.敏捷的，迅速的。句意：我們必須謹(jǐn)記倉促的決定常常會(huì)導(dǎo)致痛苦的悔恨。因此本題選擇B項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Ihopeyoudon’tthinkI’m（）butI’vehadtheelectricfireonformostoftheday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exquisite

B.extravagant

C.exotic

D.eccentric

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)exquisite“精致的”；B選項(xiàng)extravagant“浪費(fèi)的”；C選項(xiàng)exotic“異國的”；D選項(xiàng)eccentric“古怪的”。句意：我?guī)缀跻徽於奸_著電爐，希望你不會(huì)覺得我浪費(fèi)。本句表示開一天電爐很浪費(fèi)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

由小學(xué)到中學(xué)，所修習(xí)的無非是一些普通的基本知識(shí)。就是大學(xué)四年，所授課業(yè)也還是相當(dāng)粗淺的學(xué)識(shí)。世人常稱大學(xué)為“最高學(xué)府”，這名稱易滋誤解，好像過此以上即無學(xué)問可言。

大學(xué)的研究所才是初步研究學(xué)問的所在，在這里做學(xué)問也只能算是粗涉藩籬，注重的是研究學(xué)問的方法與實(shí)習(xí)。學(xué)無止境，一生的時(shí)間都嫌太短，所以古人皓首窮經(jīng)，頭發(fā)白了還是在繼續(xù)研究，不過在這樣的研究中確實(shí)有濃厚的趣味。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】Welearnnothingmorethansomebasicallycommonknowledgefromprimarytosecondaryschool.Evenifduringfour-yearuniversitylife,weweretaughtonlyrudimentsofscholarship.Universitiesareusuallyknownas“thehighesteducationalinstitution”,whichislikelytocausethemisunderstandingthatthereisnomoretolearnafteruniversity.

Theresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarethecertainplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttastingoflearningwherefocusonresearchmethodandpractice.Knowledgeisinfiniteandlifeislimited.Thus,ancientpeopleneverstoptheirstudyevenwhentheywereveryold.However,therewasstronginterestinthisprocess.

【解析】

15.單選題

Imagineadiseasespreadingacrosstheglobe,killingmostlymiddle-agedpeopleorleavingthemchronicallydisabled.Thenonedayresearcherscomeupwithadrugthatcanpreventsomeofthedisease’snastiereffects.Youwouldthinktheworld’sageingpublicwouldbeeternallygrateful.

Thediseasedoesexist.Itiscalledtobaccoaddiction.Thedrugtooisrealandinanimaltestshaspreventedlungdamagethatleadstoemphysema.Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.

Onthefaceofittheseresponsesmakesense.Itisingrainedinsocietythatsmokershaveonlythemselvestoblameandtheirsalvationliesinasimpleactofwill.Iftheywillnotquitsmoking,theycannotexpecthelpfromanyoneelse.

Butthislogicisflawed.Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.IntheUK,theproportionofpeoplewhosmokehasnotfalleninadecade.Tobaccohasapowerfulgrip,andmanysmokerarecaughtinatraptheycannotescape:theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.

Thisreasoningishardformanytoswallow.Itcertainlyleavesgovernmentsandanti-smokinggroupsinabind.Theyarehappytopaylipservicetomethodsforreducingharm—ofwhichthreeareagrowingnumber—buttheyareslowtocreatepoliciesbaseduponthem.EuropeanUnioncountries,forexample,tookyearstoevenconsiderregulatingthedangerousadditivesincigarettes.

Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.

Therearethingsthatnodrugaimedatharmreductionwilleverbeabletodo.Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.Butitwouldbeamistaketoignoretheharmreductionmeasures.Forthosewhoarenotconvinced,forgetsmokersforamoment.Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers,especiallythoseworkinglonghoursas,say,musiciansandbarstaffinsmokyrooms.Shouldwedenythemtoo?

1.Thestatement“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets”impliesthat______.

2.Theauthorarguesthat______.

3.Theauthoristryingtoemphasizethatthedrugs______.

4.Thedrugs,accordingtotheauthor,areexpected______.

5.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedrugshavereceivedsuspicion

B.theinventorsjustpresentedasideshow

C.itwilltaketimeforthepublictoacceptthenewdrug

D.theeffectsofthedrugneedfurthertestonhumantrials

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nosmokerisexpectedtosucceedinquitting

B.smokersdeservetheharmsmokingdoestothem

C.smokerswithresolutiontostopsmokingneedhelp

D.smokerscouldsucceedwithstrongresolutiontogiveup

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aremainlyaimedatyoungsters

B.shouldbeavailabletosmokersfreeofcharge

C.willnotchangethemessagethattobaccokills

D.helpregulatethedangerousadditivesincigarettes

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.toperformpreventivefunctionsinnon-smokers

B.toreducethenumberofpassivesmokers

C.toenforcethecombatagainstsmoking

D.alloftheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.withinnovativedrugssmokerscanstillenjoypersonalgratificationsandstayhealthy

B.ifadrugcansavelives,weshouldn’twithholditwithoutgoodreason

C.thebattleagainstsmokingisfarfromwon

D.therewillbeasafewaytosmoke

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.（但是這些發(fā)明家沒有收到任何花束。流行的醫(yī)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)似乎是，藥物只是次要的，它分散了吸煙者的任務(wù)，戒煙。另一種可以保護(hù)吸煙者不患癌癥的實(shí)驗(yàn)性藥物也受到懷疑，因?yàn)樗梢越o吸煙者一個(gè)不戒煙的借口。）”，由此可知這些發(fā)明家發(fā)明的藥物受到人們的懷疑，所以A選項(xiàng)“這些藥物已經(jīng)受到懷疑”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)明家只是表演了一個(gè)小插曲”；C選項(xiàng)“公眾接受這種新藥需要一段時(shí)間”；D選項(xiàng)“藥物的效果需要進(jìn)一步的人體試驗(yàn)”都與題干無關(guān)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段“Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.（然而，即使使用尼古丁口香糖、貼片和藥物來緩解這種折磨，戒煙率仍然低于10%。）”可知A選項(xiàng)“預(yù)計(jì)沒有煙民會(huì)成功戒煙”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第四段最后一句“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他們和其他任何疾病一樣，有機(jī)會(huì)減少煙草對(duì)他們的危害。）”可知B選項(xiàng)“吸煙者應(yīng)該受到吸煙所造成的傷害”說法錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第四段“Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.（對(duì)吸煙者進(jìn)行調(diào)查，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)三分之二的人想要戒煙，三分之一的人在前一年已經(jīng)嘗試過了）”以及“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他們和其他任何疾病一樣，有機(jī)會(huì)減少煙草對(duì)他們的危害。）”可知C選項(xiàng)“決心戒煙的人需要幫助”正確；D選項(xiàng)“吸煙者可以通過堅(jiān)定的決心戒煙成功”文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第六段“Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.（一種擔(dān)心是，減少煙草危害的方法會(huì)淡化煙草致人死亡的信息——尤其是對(duì)青少年而言。但在目前的情況下，這一信息不會(huì)改變，即使這兩種藥物在人體試驗(yàn)中都有效，它們也不能預(yù)防吸煙的所有致命副作用。）”可知作者強(qiáng)調(diào)該藥物不會(huì)改變煙草致人死亡的信息，所以C選項(xiàng)“不會(huì)改變煙草致人死亡的信息”正確。A選項(xiàng)“主要針對(duì)年輕人”說法錯(cuò)誤，該藥物針對(duì)的是所有煙民；B選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該免費(fèi)提供給吸煙者”說法錯(cuò)誤，文章提到“Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.（而且藥物并不一定要對(duì)所有人免費(fèi)。只有醫(yī)生認(rèn)為真正不能放棄的人才能買到這種藥。）”；D選項(xiàng)“幫助控制香煙中的危險(xiǎn)添加劑”文章沒有提到，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.（出于這些原因，從禁止煙草廣告到提高煙草稅，所有其他抵制吸煙的方式都必須繼續(xù)下去。）”，由此可知該藥物將會(huì)加強(qiáng)反對(duì)吸煙的斗爭，所以C選項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)反對(duì)吸煙的斗爭”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)不吸煙者起到預(yù)防作用”，文章提到“Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers（預(yù)防性藥物也可以幫助不吸煙者）”，并沒有提到預(yù)防作用，只說會(huì)有幫助，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“減少被動(dòng)吸煙的數(shù)量”說法錯(cuò)誤，文章最后一段提到“Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.（它不會(huì)減少被動(dòng)吸煙，也不會(huì)阻止煙草公司勸說數(shù)百萬青少年吸煙。）”；D選項(xiàng)“以上都是”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要講了能預(yù)防吸煙帶來的不良后果的藥物。文章提到這種藥物受到很多質(zhì)疑，并且一一回答了它們。文章最后一段提到有些東西是任何藥物都無法做到的，所以呼吁人們提高禁煙意識(shí)，并且參與到禁煙活動(dòng)中去。由此可知人們的反對(duì)禁煙的斗爭還遠(yuǎn)未取得勝利，所以C選項(xiàng)“反對(duì)禁煙的斗爭還遠(yuǎn)未取得勝利”正確。A選項(xiàng)“有了創(chuàng)新藥物，吸煙者仍然可以享受個(gè)人滿足和保持健康”說法錯(cuò)誤，文章并沒有提到這一觀點(diǎn)；B選項(xiàng)“如果一種藥物可以挽救生命，我們不應(yīng)該沒有充分的理由就拒絕它”，文章也沒有提到，且人們對(duì)新藥物持質(zhì)疑態(tài)度也是可行的；D選項(xiàng)“將會(huì)有一個(gè)更安全的吸煙方式”并不是文章所側(cè)重的，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositioninabout200wordsunderthefollowingtitle.

EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

【答案】EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

Alongwiththeeconomicdevelopment,livingstandard’senhancement,theenvironmentquestionbecomesafocalpointwhichgraduallyattractspeople’sattention.InChin