考研考博-英語-寧夏體育職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏體育職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Culturecannotbesimplyamatterofpolitics,ofcourse.[l]Politics,afterall,isconcernedwithinfluencingtheinstitutionsofthestateandtheseareoflimiteduseinaffectingtheculture.Noteventhetotalitarianstatehasbeenabletoachievetheculturalgoalsitsetitself,thedemocraticstateisanevenlesslikelyagentofculturalchange,andindeed,intheAmericantraditionofdemocracy,itshouldnotaimtobethat.Consequently,aculturalagendacannotbeapoliticalagendaonly.Itwillhavetobepursuedinmanydifferentinstitutions,mostimportantlyintheinstitutionsofcivilsociety.Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.[2]Notsurprisingly,thentouchofAmericanpoliticsinrecentdecadeshasbeenovertheso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.Thatis,theseissueshaveinvolvedconflictsoverthequestionsofwhoweareandhowwearetolivetogether.

[3]Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.[4]Sincetheearlynineteen-seventiestheDemocraticPartyhasalmostcompletelyidentifieditselfwiththeagendaoftheculturalLeft(considerablylesssowithotherLeftpositions,suchasthoseoneconomicorforeignpolicy).Giventheimportanceofhighlyorganizedpressuregroups,especiallyintheprimaryprocess,thecaptivityoftheDemocraticPartytothecultureof"thesixties"hasbeenmassive.TheRepublicanpictureishardlymoreencouraging.Anincreasinglyvocalsegmentofthatparty'sconstituencyhastakenradicallyanti-"progressive"positionsontheculturalissues.Andagain,thesegroupshavehadaninfluencefarbeyondtheirnumericalstrengthbecauseoftheirstrategicroleinthemechanicsofelections,especiallyontileprimarylevel.[5]Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.[6]Thus,forinstance,traditionallyDemocraticlaborofficialsarenotverycrediblewhentheyexpressenthusiasmforgayrights,neitherare"country-club"Republicanswhentheyvoiceoutrageoverabortionorthedeclineofsexualmorality.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue”owingtothefactthat______.

2.Theauthordeemsthat______.

3.Allofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwo-partysystemareimpliedinthepassageEXCEPTthat______.

4.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

5.Theword"credible"inthelastsentenceprobablymeans______.

問題1選項

A.culturesimplyexpressesitselfasamatterofpolitics

B.cultureplaysdifferentrolesindifferentstates

C.politicalpartiesusecultureasatooltopromotetheirideologies

D.politicianssetculturalgoalsandthuschangecultureattheirpleasure

問題2選項

A.Americancourts,ineffect,servethepurposeofdemocracy

B."social"or"value"issuesinrecentdecadesarenomorethancultureissues

C.cultureinfluencestheinstitutionsofthestate

D.aculturalagendasimplyreflectstheaimsofthecurrentadministration

問題3選項

A.neitherpartyobjectivelystandsonthemiddlegroundonculturalissues

B.eitherpartyrejectsthosewhoholddifferentpoliticalviewpoints

C.theRepublicanPartyhasbeenidentifiedastheright-wingparty

D.bothDemocratic'andRepublicanleadersarehypocriticalinpromotingculturalprogress

問題4選項

A.theoperationofthetwo-partysystem

B.cultureinapoliticalsense

C.cultureindifferentinstitutions

D.culturalagendaofdietwoparties

問題5選項

A.deservingtobebelieved

B.deservingpraiseorapproval

C.capableofbeingrealized

D.capableofbeingrespected

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據第一段的內容“Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.”因為國家的巨大權力被用來促進各種意識形態(tài)的目的。選項C符合原文。

2.根據第一段“Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.”選項A錯誤；根據第一段的倒數第三句“...theso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.”不僅僅是文化問題,所以選項B也錯誤；選項C符合原文,選項D在文中沒有提及。

3.根據第二段的第一句“Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.”可知選項A正確；根據第二段“Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.”可知選項B正確；根據第二段的倒數第二句“ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.”可知選項D正確,只要選項C在文中未提及。

4.根據原文內容可知。本文的兩個關鍵詞是政治和文化,所以選項B符合原文。

5.credible指值得被相信的,選項A正確。

2.單選題

Theideaofhumanoidrobotsisnotnew.TheyhavebeenpartoftheimaginativelandscapeeversinceKarlCapek,aCzechwriter,firstdreamedthemupforhis1921play“Possum’sUniversalRobots”.(Theword“robot”comesfromtheCzechwordfordrugery,robota.)Sincethen,Hollywoodhasproducedcountlessvariationsonthetheme,fromthesultryFalseMyriainFritzLang’ssilentmasterpiece“Metropolis”tothewitheringC3POin“StarWars”andtheruthlessassassinof“Terminator”.Humanoidrobotshavewalkedintoourcollectivesubconscious,coloringourviewsofthefuture.

ButnowJapan’sindustrialgiantsarespendingbillionsofyentomakesuchrobotsarealityTheirnewhumanoidsrepresentimpressivefeatsofengineering:whenHondaintroducedAsimo,afour-footrobotthathadbeenindevelopmentforsome15years,itwalkedsofluidlythatitswhitearticulatedexteriorseemedtoconcealahuman.Hondacontinuestomakethemachinefaster,friendlierandmoreagile.LastOctober,whenAsimowasinductedintotheRobotHallofFameinPittsburgh,itwalkedontothestageandaccepteditsownplaque.

Attwoandahalffeettall,Sony’sQRIOissmallerandmoretoy-likethanAsimo.Itwalks,understandsasmallnumberofvoicecommands,andcannavigateonitsown.Ifitfallsover,itgetsupandresumeswhereitleftoff.ItcanevenconnectwirelesslytotheInternetandbroadcastwhatitscameraeyescansee.In2003,SonydemonstratedanupgradedQRIOthatcouldrun.HondarespondedlastDecemberwithaversionofAsimothatrunsattwicethespeed.

In2004,Toyotajoinedthefraywithitsownfamilyofrobots,calledPartner,oneofwhichisafour-foothumanoidthatplaysthetrumpet.Itsfingersworktheinstrument’svalves,andithasmechanicallungsandartificiallips.Toyotahopestoofferacommercialversionoftherobotby2010.Thismonth,50PartnerrobotswillactasguidesatExpo2005InAichi,Japan.

Despitetheirsuddenproliferation,however,humanoidsarestillamechanicalminority.Mostoftheworld’srobotsarefaceless,footlessandmute.Theyareboltedtothefloorsoffactories,stampingoutcarpartsorweldingpiecesofmetal,makingmoremachines.AccordingtotheUnitedNations,businessordersforindustrialrobotsjumped18%inthefirsthalfof2004.Theymaysoonbeoutnumberedbydomesticrobots,suchasself-navigatingvacuumcleaners,lawnmowersandwindowwashers,whicharesellingfast.Butneitherindustrialnordomesticrobotsarehumanoid.

1.Inparagraph1theauthorintroduceshistopicbyrelating（）.

2.Sony'sQRIOcouldperformallthefollowingtasksEXCEPT（）.

3.FromthepassagewemayinferthatToyota’sPartner（）.

4.Judgingfromthecontext,thispassageisprobablywritten（）.

問題1選項

A.theideaofhumanoidrobots

B.KarlCapek’screationofrobots

C.Hollywood’sproductionofrobotfilms

D.Theoriginofandpopularmoviesaboutrobots

問題2選項

A.walkingeverywherefreely

B.understandingsomewordsutteredbypeople

C.findingitsway

D.continuingwalkingafteritstumbles

問題3選項

A.ismuchbetterthananyotherrobots

B.isnomorethanamechanicdevice

C.maybeputintomassproduction

D.mayspeaklikeman

問題4選項

A.in2004

B.in2005

C.between2003and2004

D.between2004and2005

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Inparagraph1theauthorintroduceshistopicbyrelating______.1.在第1段中，作者通過引用______來介紹他的主題。

A.theideaofhumanoidrobotsA.人形機器人的想法

B.KarlCapek’screationofrobotsB.卡爾?恰佩克創(chuàng)造的機器人

C.Hollywood’sproductionofrobotfilmsC.好萊塢制作的機器人電影

D.theoriginofandpopularmoviesaboutrobotsD.關于機器人的電影的起源和流行

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據第一段的內容“類人機器人的想法并不新鮮。自從捷克作家卡爾?恰佩克在他1921年的戲劇《博森的全能機器人》中首次構想出機器人以來，它們就一直是想象圖景的一部分。從那以后，好萊塢就這個主題制作了無數的變種，從弗里茨?朗的無聲杰作《大都會》中性感的FalseMyria，到《星球大戰(zhàn)》中冷酷的C3PO，再到《終結者》中冷酷的刺客。人形機器人已經走進了我們的集體潛意識，為我們對未來的看法增添了色彩?！?，從中可知，作者通過講述與機器人有關的電影來引入自己所要講述的話題，即人形機器人，且舉例的電影有明顯的時間線，從首次構想到人形機器人已經走進了我們的集體潛意識。因此，該題選擇D項“關于機器人的電影的起源和流行”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“形人機器人的想法”，這是文章的主題，不符合題干，張冠李戴；

B項“卡爾?恰佩克創(chuàng)造的機器人”和C項“好萊塢制作的機器人電影”表述不夠全面，以偏概全。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Sony’sQRIOcouldperformallthefollowingtasksEXCEPT______.2.除了______，索尼的QRIO可以執(zhí)行以下所有任務。

A.walkingeverywherefreelyA.自由地到處走

B.understandingsomewordsutteredbypeopleB.理解人們說的一些話

C.findingitswayC.尋路

D.continuingwalkingafteritstumblesD.在它跌倒后繼續(xù)走

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據關鍵詞Sony’sQRIO定位至第三段的描述：索尼的QRIO有2.5英尺高，比Asimo更小，更像玩具。它能走路，能聽懂少量的語音指令，還能自己導航。如果它摔倒了，它會站起來，重新回到原來的位置。它甚至可以無線連接到互聯網，并廣播它的攝像頭眼睛看到的東西。從中可知，索尼公司的QRIO能走路，能理解少量指令，能獨立行走，摔倒后還能爬起來繼續(xù)行走。而A項“自由地到處走”中的everywhere表述太夸張，故該項不正確，但符合題意。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】B項“理解人們說的一些話”、C項“尋路”和D項“在它跌倒后繼續(xù)走”都符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.FromthepassagewemayinferthatToyota’sPartner______.3.從文章中我們可以推斷出豐田的合作伙伴______。

A.ismuchbetterthananyotherrobotsA.比任何其他機器人都好

B.isnomorethanamechanicdeviceB.只不過是一個機械裝置

C.maybeputintomassproductionC.會投入大量生產

D.mayspeaklikemanD.會像人一樣說話

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據關鍵詞Toyota’sPartner定位至倒數第二段倒數第二句“豐田希望在2010年之前推出這款機器人的商用版本”，從中可知，豐田將在2010年之前對這款機器人投入量產。故C項“會投入大量生產”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“比任何其他機器人都好”，文中并沒有將豐田的機器人與其他機器人進行比較，無中生有；

B項“只不過是一個機械裝置”和D項“會像人一樣說話”沒有提到，無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Judgingfromthecontext,thispassageisprobablywritten______.4.從上下文判斷，這篇文章可能寫于______。

A.in2004A.2004年

B.in2005B.2005年

C.between2003and2004C.2003年至2004年之間

D.between2004and2005D.2004年至2005年之間

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據倒數第二段最后一句“本月，50個‘伙伴’機器人將在日本愛知舉行的2005年世博會上擔任導游”，從thismonth可推斷，本文可能寫于2005年。故該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“2004年”、C項“2003年至2004年之間”和D項“2004年至2005年之間”都不符合原文，屬于曲解原文。

3.單選題

Hispositionwascontrarytothatoftheteacher's.

問題1選項

A.similar

B.opposite

C.foreseeable

D.contentious

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。題目中becontraryto表示“與……相反”；A選項besimilarto表示“與……類似的，相似的”；B選項beoppositeto表示“與……相反的，對立的”；C選項為“可預見的，可預知的”；D選項為“有異議的，有爭論的”。由句意可知，他的位置與老師相反。因此，正確答案是B項。

4.單選題

Veryoften,thehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurationsevenifallbutafewsignificantdatapointsareleftout.Itisthiscreativepowerofperceptionthatmaysomedayallowprofoundlydeafpeopletoconverseinsignlanguageoveraspecial“telephone”,Researchershavefoundthatthirteenspotsoflightoneachhandandonespotonthenose-toshowheadnotionandprovideareferencepointforhandpositionaresufficientforintelligiblerenderingofAmericanSignLanguage.Thebrightspotsareproducedbyattachingpiecesofreflectivetapetothenose,fingertips,wrists,andbacksofthesecondknucklesandadjustingaclosed-circuittelevisionsystemsothatonlythebrightspotsappearonthescreenofthereceiver.Afterafewminutesoffamiliarization,pairsofdeafpeopleareabletoconversefreelyovertelevision.Deafpeopleandothersignreaderscanofcourse,understandsignlanguageandwrittensubtitlesoncommercialtelevision.Butwidespreadlink-upsoftelevisionsystemsforpersonalcommunicationsareeconomicallyimpossiblebecauseastandardpicturerequiresaboutonethousandtimesmoreinformationthanatelephonecircuitcancarry.Theresearchersthinkitlikelythatthesimplifiedpictureoftwenty-sevenmovingdotsusedintheirexperimentscanbereducedtothecapacityofatelephoneline.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepersonviewingtheclosed-circuitscreensees（）.

2.Whatcausesthebrightspotsmentionedinthispassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,howlongwouldittakeapersonwhoknowssignlanguagetobecomeaccustomedtousingthenewdevice?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatsometelevisionbroadcastsalreadyincludewhichofthefollowing?

5.Thephrase“thiscreativepowerofperception”refersto（）.

6.Theword“converse”inline3means（）.

7.Asforthefuturedevelopmentofthelink-upsoftelevisionsystemsforpersonalcommunication,theresearchersseemstobe（）.

問題1選項

A.brightspots

B.twohandsandaface

C.thepersonusingsignlanguage

D.awrittenmessage

問題2選項

A.Specialtape

B.Specialmovablepoints

C.Smalllightbulbs

D.Smallmirrors

問題3選項

A.Lessthananhour

B.Threetofourhours

C.Oneday

D.Severalweeks

問題4選項

A.Advertisingforthenewproduct.

B.Instructioninhowtocommunicateinsignlanguage.

C.Programssubtitledfordeafpeople.

D.Personalconversationwithdeafpeople.

問題5選項

A.thephenomenonthatdeafpeoplecanhearwhatisspoken.

B.thefactthatthehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurations.

C.theissuethatdeafpeoplecanperceptwhatisshowntothem.

D.thethingthatdeafpeoplecanwritetoeachother.

問題6選項

A.see

B.talk

C.watch

D.write

問題7選項

A.pessimistic

B.hesitant

C.retreating

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:D

【解析】1.根據原文“...adjustingaclosed-circuittelevisionsystemsothatonlythebrightspotsappearonthescreenofthereceiver.”調整閉路電視系統(tǒng),使接收器的屏幕上只出現亮點,選項A正確。

2.根據原文“Thebrightspotsareproducedbyattachingpiecesofreflectivetapetothenose,fingertips,wrists,andbacksofthesecondknuckles...”這些亮點是通過在鼻子、指尖、手腕和背部第二個關節(jié)粘上反光膠帶而產生的...。選項A正確。

3.根據原文“Afterafewminutesoffamiliarization,pairsofdeafpeopleareabletoconversefreelyovertelevision.”可知,只需幾分鐘的時間便可熟悉,選項A正確。

4.根據原文“Deafpeopleandothersignreaderscanofcourse,understandsignlanguageandwrittensubtitlesoncommercialtelevision.”耳聾的人和其他手語者當然可以理解手語,并且商業(yè)電視上也有字幕。由此可知,電視廣播中已有的是為耳聾的人提供的字幕。選項C符合原文。

5.根據原文可知,“thiscreativepowerofperception”指的是上句提到的“...thehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurations...”人類的眼睛和大腦可以識別熟悉的結構。選項B正確。

6.根據原文句意可知,這里指耳聾的人通過一種特制的“電話”進行交談,所以選項B正確。

7.根據原文最后一句話,研究人員認為,在他們的實驗中使用的27個移動點的簡化圖片,可能可以縮小到電話線的容量。由此可推測,研究人員的態(tài)度是樂觀的。選項D正確。

5.單選題

Traditionally,pollination(授粉)bywindhasbeenviewedasareproductiveprocessmarkedbyrandomeventsinwhichthevagariesofthewindarecompensatedforbythegenerationofvastquantitiesofpollen,sothattheultimateproductionofnewseedsisassuredattheexpenseofproducingmuchmorepollenthanisactuallyused.Becausethepotentialhazardspollengrainsaresubjecttoastheyaretransportedoverlongdistancesareenormous,wind-pollinatedplantshave,intheviewabove,compensatedfortheensuinglossofpollenthroughhappenstancebyvirtueofproducinganamountofpollenthatisonetothreeordersofmagnitudegreaterthantheamountproducedbyspeciespollinatedbyinsects.

However,anumberoffeaturesthatarecharacteristicofwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste.Forexample,manywind-pollinatedspeciesfailtoreleasepollenwhenwindspeedsareloworwhenhumidconditionsprevail.Recentstudiessuggestanotherwayinwhichspeciescompensatefortheinefficiencyofwindpollination.Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.Thespeedanddirectionoftheairflowdisturbancescancombinewiththephysicalpropertiesofaspecies’pollentoproduceaspecies-specificpatternofpollencollisiononthesurfacesoffemalereproductiveorgans.Providedthatthesesurfacesarestrategicallylocated,theconsequencesofthiscombinationcansignificantlyincreasethepollen-captureefficiencyofafemalereproductiveorgan.

Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.Acompleteresolutionofthequestionisasyetimpossiblesinceadaptationmustbeevaluatedforeachspecieswithinitsownuniquefunctionalcontext.However,itmustbesaidthat,whileevidenceofsuchevolutionaryadaptationsdoesexistinsomespecies,onemustbecarefulaboutattributingmorphologytoadaptation.Forexample,thespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonovule-bearingpinecones,wherethefemalereproductiveorgansofconifersarelocated,isimportanttotheproductionofairflowpatternsthatspiraloverthecone'ssurfaces,therebypassingairbornepollenfromonescaletothenext.However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.Therefore,thespiralarrangementisnotlikelytobetheresultofadirectadaptationtowindpollination.

62.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

63.Accordingtothepassage,the“aerodynamicenvironments”mentionedinparagraph2,whentheyareproduced,areprimarilydeterminedbythe______.

64.Thepassagesuggeststhattherecentstudiescitedinparagraph2havenotdonewhichofthefollowing?

65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheclaimthatthespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonanovule-bearingpineconeisanadaptationtowindpollinationwouldbemoreconvincingifwhichofthefollowingweretrue?

問題1選項

A.thecurrentdebateonwhetherthemorphologicalattributesofwind-pollinatedplantsareevolutionaryadaptations

B.thekindsofairflowpatternsthatpermitwind-pollinatedplantstocapturepollenmostefficiently

C.thewaysinwhichthereproductiveprocessesofwind-pollinatedplantsarecontrolledbyrandomevents

D.arecentlyproposedexplanationofawayinwhichwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste

問題2選項

A.presenceofinsectsneartheplant

B.physicalpropertiesoftheplant’spollen

C.shapeoftheplant’sfemalereproductiveorgans

D.amountofpollengeneratedbytheplant

問題3選項

A.Madeanydistinctionsbetweendifferentspeciesofwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Demonstratedthatthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplantsareusuallyevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollination.

C.Indicatedthegeneralrangewithinwhichplant-generatedairflowdisturbancesareapttooccur.

D.Includedinvestigationsofthephysicsofpollenmotionanditsrelationshiptotheefficientcaptureofpollenbythefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplants.

問題4選項

A.Suchanarrangementoccurredonlyinwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Suchanarrangementoccurredinvascularplantsasawhole.

C.Suchanarrangementcouldbeshowntobebeneficialtopollenrelease.

D.Thenumberofbractscouldbeshowntohaveincreasedovertime.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】中心主旨題。題干意思是“這篇文章的作者主要是討論……”。文章首先提出風媒傳粉這一個繁殖過程，隨后提出風媒傳粉植物的一些特征減少了花粉的浪費并對其特征做出了論述，第三段則舉例證明風媒傳粉物種的雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對風媒傳粉的進化適應這個問題還沒有解決。通讀全文可知，作者在文章中主要討論的還是最近提出的關于風媒傳粉能夠減少花粉浪費這一解釋，所以D項“一種最近提出的關于風媒傳粉植物減少花粉浪費的解釋”正確。A項“目前關于風媒傳粉植物的形態(tài)屬性是否是進化適應的爭論”、B項“氣流模式的種類允許風媒植物捕獲花粉最有效”和C項“風媒傳粉植物的繁殖過程受隨機事件控制的方式”都只是文中提及的一部分。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據文章，當第2段提到的‘空氣動力環(huán)境’被生產時，它們主要是由______決定的”。根據題干關鍵詞可以定位到第二段第三句Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.（這些研究表明，物種經常利用花粉運動的物理特性，在其雌性生殖器官附近產生特定的空氣動力環(huán)境），結合第四句Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.（正是這些器官的形態(tài)決定了花粉必須通過的氣流擾動的模式）可知，當空氣動力環(huán)境產生時，雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)決定了這些氣流的模式，所以C項“植物雌性生殖器官的形狀”正確。A項“植物附近有昆蟲”和D項“植物產生的花粉量”沒提到，B項“植物花粉的物理特性”是空氣動力環(huán)境的產生因素而并不是決定因素。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

64.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章暗示了第二段中引用的最近的研究沒有完成以下哪一項？”。文章第二段描述了最近的研究得到的結果，而第三段對這個研究提出了問題，第一句指出Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.（一個有待回答的關鍵問題是，風媒傳粉物種的雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對風媒傳粉的進化適應還是僅僅是偶然的。），由此可以推斷，第二段中引用的最近的研究并沒有對風媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對風媒傳粉的進化適應提供有力的證明，所以B項“證明風媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性通常是對風媒傳粉的進化適應”符合題意。A項“對不同種類的風媒傳粉植物進行了區(qū)分”、C項“表示植物產生的氣流擾動易于發(fā)生的一般范圍”和D項“包括對花粉運動的物理性質及其與風媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官有效捕捉花粉的關系的調查”都不是這個研究存在的問題。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，如果下列哪一個是正確的，那么關于含有胚珠的松球的鱗苞綜合體的螺旋狀排列是對風授粉的適應的這種主張將更有說服力？”。根據文章倒數第二句However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.（然而，這些模式不能被看作是對風媒傳粉的適應，因為螺旋排列發(fā)生在許多非風媒傳粉的植物譜系中，并被認為是維管植物的特征，而針葉樹只是維管植物的一種。）可知，含有胚珠的松球的鱗苞綜合體的螺旋狀排列不能被看作是對風媒傳粉的適應是因為螺旋排列發(fā)生在許多非風媒傳粉的植物譜系中，那么可以反推，如果螺旋排列只發(fā)生在風媒傳粉的植物中，這些模式就能被看作是對風媒傳粉的適應，故A項“這種排列只發(fā)生在風媒傳粉的植物中”正確。B項“這種排列在維管植物中作為一個整體出現”錯誤，維管植物是非風媒傳粉的植物。C項“這樣的排列可以被證明是有利于花粉釋放”和D項“苞片的數量會隨著時間的推移而增加”不符合題干，且在文中不能推斷出來。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

6.單選題

Theorganizationprovidesinformationonhealthissuetothepublicatlarge.

問題1選項

A.atlength

B.ingeneral

C.indetail

D.inbrief

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.atlength詳細地B.ingeneral通常；一般來說

C.indetail詳細地D.inbrief簡言之

【答案】A

【考查點】詞組辨析

【解題思路】原詞atlarge“詳細地”，側重于“詳”，即全面的，原句側重于表達向公眾提供的信息的全面性。A選項atlength“詳細地”與原文一致。

【干擾項排除】

B選項ingeneral“通常；一般來說”，不符合原句句意；

C選項indetail“詳細地”，側重于“細”，即具體的細節(jié)；

D選項inbrief“簡言之”，不符合原句句意。

【句意】該組織向公眾提供有關健康問題的全面信息。

7.單選題

Thisisbuta________ofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.

問題1選項

A.friction

B.fraction

C.faction

D.fracture

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“friction”，意為“摩擦力，摩擦”，B選項“fraction”，意為“分數，部分”；C選項“faction”，意為“派別，小集團”，D選項“fracture”，意為“破裂，斷裂”，句意：這只是青少年所儲存的全部信息的一小部分。因此，B選項符合句意。

8.單選題

Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.

問題1選項

A.connected

B.winded

C.associated

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】考查動辨析。connect“連接”；wind“纏繞”；associate“聯系”；suspend“延緩，推遲，使懸浮”。句意：天花板上（）一些擴音器，我們可以很清楚地聽到演講者說話。擴音器一般是懸浮在天花板上，故D項正確。

9.單選題

Thevolcanogavewarningthatitwouldsoonpop:smallearthquakesshudderedbeneathitssurfaceonSeptember23.

問題1選項

A.sank

B.sent

C.erupted

D.shook

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項sank“沉陷”；B選項sent“送，寄出”；C選項erupted“爆發(fā)；長出”；D選項shook“搖動”。句意：火山發(fā)出警告說它很快就會爆發(fā)：9月23日，它的地表下發(fā)生了小地震。結合此處關鍵詞earthquakes（地震）可排除B、C選項，A選項sank（沉陷）也與地震不匹配，因此得知D選項正確。

10.翻譯題

世界不會缺少貪婪，且很少有人、公司或國家能例外。企業(yè)和國家總是相互競爭，采用不那么合法的手段獲取優(yōu)勢。隨著全球網絡的出現，技術擴散至每個人，貪婪來到了那些可能永遠也不會犯罪的人旁邊。貪婪在各個層面上都起作用，而大多數信息系統(tǒng)存在的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)則為企圖利用這些弱點的人提供了攫取驚人利潤的機會。

【答案】【參考譯文】Greedisinnoshortsupply,andfewindividuals,business,orcountriesareexempt.Businessandgovernmentsconstantlymaneuveredtogainanadvantageovereachother,relyingonless-than-legaltechniquestogainanedge.WiththeGlobalNetworkinplace,andtheproliferationoftechnologyforeveryone,greedhasfounditswaytopeoplewhomightotherwisenevercommitacrime.Greedoperatesatalllevels,andduetothevulnerabilityofmostinformationsystems,providesopportunitytoexploittheirweaknessforenormousprofits.

11.單選題

Whentwopeoplefeelthesamewayabouteachother,theirfeelingsaremutual.

問題1選項

A.compatible

B.visible

C.reciprocal

D.typical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mutual表示“共同的，相互的，彼此的”；A項compatible“兼容的，能共處的，可并立的”，B項visible“明顯的，看得見的”，C項reciprocal“互惠的，相互的，倒數的”，D項typical“典型的，特有的”。句意：當兩個人對彼此有相同的感覺時，他們的感覺是相互的。根據句意可知，C項的意思符合句子。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

12.單選題

Agenerationofe-mailing,followedbyanexplosionintexting,haspushedthetelephoneconversationintoseriousdecline,creatingnewtensionsbetweenbabyboomersandmillennial-thoseintheirteens,20sandearly30s.

Nearlyallagegroupsarespendinglesstimetalkingonthephone;boomersintheirmid-5Osandearly60saretheonlyonesstillyakkingastheydidwhenMaBellwasAmerica’scommunicationsqueen.Butthefallofthecallisdrivenby18-to-34-year-olds,whoseaveragemonthlyvoiceminuteshaveplungedfromabout1,200to900inthepasttwoyears,accordingtotheresearchbyNielsen.Textingamong18-to-24-year-oldshasmorethandoubledinthesameperiod,fromanaverageof600messagesamonthtwoyearsagotomorethan1,400textsamonth,accordingtoNielsen.

Youngpeoplesaytheyavoidvoicecallsbecausetheimmediacyofaphonecallstripsthemofthecontrolthattheyhaveoverthearguablyless-intimatepleasuresoftexting,e-mailing,orFacebooking.Theyevencomplainthatphonecallsarebytheirnatureimpolite,moreofaninterruptionthantheblipofanarrivingtext.Thebias,againstunexpectedphonecallsstemsingoodpartfromthewaytextingande-mailhaveconditionedyoungpeopletobecautiousabouthowtheycommunicatewhentheyarenotfacetoface,experts,say.

DeborahTannen,alinguisticsprofessoratGeorgetownUniversitywhostudieshowpeopleconverseineverydaylife,saidoldergenerationsmisinterpretthewayyoungerpeopleusetheircellphones.“Onestudenttoldmethatittakesherdaystocallherparentsbackandtheparentsthoughtshewasintentionallyputtingthemoff.”shesaid.“Buttheparentsdidn’tgetit.It’sthemedium.”

Thedifferenceincommunicationspreferenceshascreatedapalpableperceptiongapbetweenyoungadultsandtheirparents.JaneBeard,whocoachesbusinessleadersonpublicspeaking,saidthatwhenherniece,LindsaySpencer,20,“isinclassesattheUniversityofMaryland,I’llneverhearfromheruntilshecomesovertodothelaundry.Wetextmultipletimesaday.”

ButBeardisunderstandingaboutthechangeinwaysofconversing.Notallparentsarequitethatopenton