考研考博-英語-安陽職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安陽職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisessentialtobeonthe（）foranysignsofmovementintheundergrowthsincetherearepoisonoussnakesinthearea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guard

B.care

C.alert

D.alarm

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知此處要填一個(gè)詞與beonthe...for構(gòu)成搭配，表示“警惕、提防”的意思，care和alarm都不能與之構(gòu)成搭配，beonthealertfor是固定搭配表示“警惕、提防”的意思，guard通常的用法是beonguardfor，guard的前面不需要加定冠詞the，所以此處應(yīng)該選擇alert，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

2.單選題

Theyhavedevelopedcomputersthatcanunderstandthingspeoplesay,andcannowgivea[A]meaninganswer.Buthumanintelligenceisbetterthanhavinga[B]goodmemory.Itmaybe[C]possibletobuildcomputersthatcanrememberalotmorethanthehumanbrain.[D]Buthumanscandoalotmore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.meaning

B.good

C.possible

D.But

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞性混用。A選項(xiàng)修飾的詞語是answer，因此meaning應(yīng)改為形容詞性的meaningful“有意義的”。

3.單選題

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeoplewhocouldhardlykeeptheirbodyandsoultogether.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hypothesis

B.paradox

C.conflict

D.dispute

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。hypothesis“假設(shè)，假說”；paradox“自相矛盾的人或事”；conflict“沖突，斗爭”；dispute“爭端”。句意：如此富有的一個(gè)國家，竟然有這么多貧窮的人難以生存，這是多么的矛盾。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.問答題

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

5.單選題

Atthefirstglance,aforestappearstobeahaphazardcollectionoftrees,shrubs,vines,andflowers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.random

B.total

C.graded

D.synthetic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。haphazard意為“無秩序的，無計(jì)劃的”；random“隨機(jī)的，隨意的”；total意為“總計(jì)的，全部的，徹底的”；graded意為“分級(jí)的”；synthetic意為“合成的”。

句意：乍一看，森林似乎是樹木、灌木、藤蔓的雜亂無章的組合。

6.單選題

Itwasthetrainingthathehadasayoungman______madehimsuchagoodengineer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.who

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該句的第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，做hehad的賓語，因此空格處應(yīng)填that從而構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人）+其他部分。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是物，因此用that。句意：正是他年輕時(shí)所受的訓(xùn)練使他成為如此優(yōu)秀的工程師。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Contagiousyawningisthoughttobeanevolvedmechanismforkeepinggroupsalertsotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.watchful

B.incontinent

C.stifled

D.vigorous

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.watchful注意的；警惕的B.incontinent（大小便）失禁的

C.stifled壓制D.vigorous充滿活力的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，for和so都是表示原因，那么推知forkeepinggroupsalert與sotheyremainvigilantagainstdanger是相近的意思，alert在這表示“警覺，警惕”，同樣vigilant也表示“警惕”，所以A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】傳染性打哈欠被認(rèn)為是一種進(jìn)化的機(jī)制，以保持群體的警惕，從而保持對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的警惕。

8.單選題

France’s（

）ofnucleartestingintheSouthPacificlastmonthtriggeredpoliticaldebatesandmassdemonstrations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assumption

B.consumption

C.presumption

D.resumption

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)assumption“假定，假設(shè)”；B選項(xiàng)consumption“消費(fèi)，消耗”；C選項(xiàng)presumption“假設(shè)，推定”；D選項(xiàng)resumption“恢復(fù)，重聯(lián)，（中斷后）再繼續(xù)”。句意：上個(gè)月法國在南太平洋重新進(jìn)行核試驗(yàn)引發(fā)了政界的爭論和群眾游行示威。結(jié)合此處語境，談及到法國重新進(jìn)行核試驗(yàn)，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Heissittinginthecatbird（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.seat

B.nest

C.position

D.den

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。sitinthecatbirdseat“處于必勝無疑的地位”。句意：他處于必勝無疑的地位。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Culturelikenonverbalbehaviortendstoelusive,andhasapotentinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hidden

B.visible

C.difficulttounderstand

D.tangible

【答案】C

【解析】句意：像非語言行為這樣的文化往往是晦澀難懂的，并且在跨文化交際中有著強(qiáng)大的影響。elusive意為“難懂的”。hidden隱藏的；visible看得見的，現(xiàn)有的；difficulttounderstand難以理解；tangible有形的，可觸摸的。選項(xiàng)C最符合原句所表達(dá)的意思。

11.單選題

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.face

B.time

C.course

D.event

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果項(xiàng)目不成功，投資者損失將高達(dá)3000萬美元。

考查短語辨析。inthefaceof面對(duì);inthetimeof在時(shí)期；inthecourseof在……期間；在……過程中；intheeventof萬一；如果。根據(jù)后面句意“投資者損失將高達(dá)3000萬美元”可知D項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beputoff

B.wasputoff

C.shouldputoff

D.istoputoff

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們都贊成你關(guān)于推遲討論的提議。

語法題?？疾閟hould的用法。名詞proposal(提議，建議)引導(dǎo)的同位語從句應(yīng)該用should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。而且，discussion與putoff之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)符合正確表達(dá)。

13.單選題

Unlikethelibertarians,hedoesnotbelievethestateisasecond-orderphenomenon,amereenablerorprotectorofwhatpeoplechoosetodoincivilsocietyor,alternatively,asaboteuroftheirfreedoms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attributor

B.distracter

C.destroyer

D.precursor

【答案】C

【解析】與自由主義者不同，他不認(rèn)為國家是一種二階現(xiàn)象，僅僅是公民社會(huì)中人們選擇做什么的推動(dòng)者或保護(hù)者，或者是他們自由的破壞者。由“…or,alternatively”可知前后是截然相反的兩種角色，前者是enabler和protector，則saboteur與之是相對(duì)立的。A選項(xiàng)attributor“屬性；特質(zhì)”；B選項(xiàng)distracter“誤選項(xiàng)；干擾項(xiàng)”；C選項(xiàng)destroyer“破壞者”；D選項(xiàng)precursor“先驅(qū)，前導(dǎo)”。比較選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjustonehasobviouspracticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesofbilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbilingual,itturnsout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskillsnotrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementia（癡呆）inoldage.

Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofthe20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterference,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild’sacademicandintellectualdevelopment.

Theywerenotwrongabouttheinterference:thereisampleevidencethatinabilingual’sbrainbothlanguagesystemsareactiveevenwhenheisusingonlyonelanguage,thuscreatingsituationsinwhichonesystemobstructs（癡呆）theother.Butthisinterference,researchersarefindingout,isn’tsomuchahandicapasablessingindisguise.Itforcesthebraintoresolveinternalconflict,givingthemindaworkoutthatstrengthensitscognitivemuscles.

Thecollectiveevidencefromanumberofsuchstudiessuggeststhatthebilingualexperienceimprovesthebrain’sso-calledexecutivefunction.Acommandsystemdirectstheattentionprocessesthatweuseforplanning,solvingproblemsandperformingvariousothermentallydemandingtasks.Theseprocessesincludeignoringdistractionstostayfocused,switchingattentionwillfullyfromonethingtoanotherandholdinginformationinmind—likerememberingasequenceofdirectionswhiledriving.

Whydoesthetussle（搏斗）betweentwosimultaneouslyactivelanguagesystemsimprovetheseaspectsofcognition?Untilrecently,researchersthoughtthebilingualadvantagestemmedprimarilyfromanabilityforinhibitionthatwashoned（磨煉）bytheexerciseofsuppressingonelanguagesystem:thissuppression,itwasthought,wouldhelptrainthebilingualmindtoignoredistractionsinothercontexts.Butthatexplanationincreasinglyappearstobeinadequate,sincestudieshaveshownthatbilingualsperformbetterthanmonolingualsevenattasksthatdonotrequireinhibition,likethreadingalinethroughanascendingseriesofnumbersscatteredrandomlyonapage.

Thekeydifferencebetweenbilingualsandmonolingualsmaybemorebasic:aheightenedabilitytomonitortheenvironment.“Bilingualshavetoswitchlanguagesquiteoften—youmaytalktoyourfatherinonelanguageandtoyourmotherinanotherlanguage,”saysAlbertCosta,aresearcherattheUniversityofPompeaFabrainSpain.“Itrequireskeepingtrackofchangesaroundyouinthesamewaythatwemonitoroursurroundingswhendriving.”InastudycomparingGerman-ItalianbilingualswithItalianmonolingualsonmonitoringtasks,Mr.Costaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthebilingualsubjectsnotonlyperformedbetter,buttheyalsodidsowithlessactivityinpartsofthebraininvolvedinmonitoring,indicatingthattheyweremoreefficientatit.

Thebilingualexperienceappearstoinfluencethebrainfrominfancytooldage,andthereisreasontobelievethatitmayalsoapplytothosewholearnasecondlanguagelaterinlife.

1.Accordingtothepassage,themorerecentandoldviewsofbilingualismdiffermainlyin（

）.

2.Thefactthatinterferenceisnowseenasablessingindisguisemeansthat

（

）.

3.WhatistheroleofParagraphFourinrelationtoParagraphThree?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanaccountforbetterperformanceofbilingualsindoingnon-inhibitiontasks?

5.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itspracticaladvantages

B.perceivedlanguagefluency

C.itsroleincognition

D.itsroleinmedicine

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itspotentialbenefitshaveremainedundiscovered

B.ithasledtounexpectedlyfavorableresults

C.itseffectsoncognitivedevelopmenthavebeenminimal

D.onlyafewresearchershaverealizeditsadvantages

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ItprovidescounterevidencetoParagraphThree.

B.Itoffersanotherexampleoftheroleofinterference.

C.Itservesasatransitionalparagraphinthepassage.

D.ItfurtherillustratesthepointinParagraphThree.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Anabilitytoignoredistractions

B.Anabilitytomonitorsurroundings.

C.Anabilitytoperformwithlesseffort.

D.Anabilitytoexercisesuppression.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Featuresofbilingualsandmonolinguals.

B.Interferenceandsuppression.

C.Bilingualsandmonitoringtasks.

D.Reasonswhybilingualsaresmarter

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Beingbilingual,itturnsout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskillsnotrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementiainoldage.（事實(shí)證明，雙語能讓你更聰明。它可以對(duì)你的大腦產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響，提高與語言無關(guān)的認(rèn)知能力，甚至可以在老年時(shí)抵御癡呆癥）可知C選項(xiàng)“它在認(rèn)知中的作用”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞interference定位到文章第三段中，由Butthisinterference,researchersarefindingout,isn’tsomuchahandicapasablessingindisguise.Itforcesthebraintoresolveinternalconflict,givingthemindaworkoutthatstrengthensitscognitivemuscles.（但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種干擾與其說是一種障礙，不如說是一種偽裝的祝福。它迫使大腦解決內(nèi)部沖突，給大腦一個(gè)加強(qiáng)認(rèn)知肌肉的鍛煉）可知B選項(xiàng)“它帶來意外的有利結(jié)果”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第三段介紹干擾雖然存在，但能鍛煉認(rèn)知肌肉，第四段介紹研究表明雙語經(jīng)歷能改善大腦的執(zhí)行功能，接著又詳細(xì)說明大腦的工作流程來證明上面的觀點(diǎn)。故第四段進(jìn)一步說明第三段的內(nèi)容，因此D選項(xiàng)“它進(jìn)一步說明了第三段的觀點(diǎn)”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞non-inhibitiontasks定位到文章第五段中，由Butthatexplanationincreasinglyappearstobeinadequate,sincestudieshaveshownthatbilingualsperformbetterthanmonolingualsevenattasksthatdonotrequireinhibition（但這種解釋似乎越來越不充分，因?yàn)檠芯勘砻?，即使在不需要抑制的任?wù)中，雙語者的表現(xiàn)也比單語者好）和第六段中的Thekeydifferencebetweenbilingualsandmonolingualsmaybemorebasic:aheightenedabilitytomonitortheenvironment.（雙語者和單語者之間的關(guān)鍵區(qū)別可能更為基本：提高了監(jiān)控環(huán)境的能力）可知B選項(xiàng)“監(jiān)測環(huán)境的能力”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章首段提出雙語者更聰明，尾段提出雙語經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)第二語言的有利影響，中間內(nèi)容解釋了雙語干擾帶來能鍛煉認(rèn)知肌肉，雙語經(jīng)歷能改善大腦的執(zhí)行功能。因此D選項(xiàng)“雙語者更聰明的原因”符合題意。

15.單選題

EnglishliteratureandLinguisticsare（

）coursesforEnglishmajors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.compulsory

C.conditional

D.conventional

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constrained“拘泥的，被強(qiáng)迫的”；B選項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的，必修的”；C選項(xiàng)conditional“條件語氣的”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“符合習(xí)俗的，傳統(tǒng)的”。主語是“EnglishliteratureandLinguistics英國文學(xué)和語言學(xué)”，空格后面“courses課程”是句子的表語。由此判斷空格部分意思為“compulsorycourses必修課程”，句意為：英國文學(xué)和語言學(xué)是英語專業(yè)的必修課程。選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

16.翻譯題

吸引大量觀眾的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，為人們觀賞青春的活力、速度和力量提供了一個(gè)窗口。它所展示的技能水平強(qiáng)烈地吸引著人們。男性之所以比女性更直接地認(rèn)同這種運(yùn)動(dòng)，是因?yàn)樗麄兊耐杲?jīng)歷和比賽所展示的陽剛之氣。

到20世紀(jì)70年代初，體育愛好者們對(duì)比賽不斷增長的興趣在電視聯(lián)播中得到了進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)，并把職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變成了利潤豐厚的商業(yè)活動(dòng)。結(jié)果，一些全新的俱樂部聯(lián)合會(huì)雨后春筍般地涌現(xiàn)出來，與現(xiàn)有的體育組織展開競爭，并以誘人的工資來吸引運(yùn)動(dòng)員加盟。隨著體育變得更像傳統(tǒng)的商業(yè)活動(dòng)，越來越多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員尋找他們的經(jīng)紀(jì)人，代表他們參加工資談判?，F(xiàn)在，職業(yè)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入一個(gè)新時(shí)代。

Directions:InthispartyouarerequiredtoturnthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.PleasewriteitontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】【參考譯文】

Sportsthatattractlargeaudiencesprovideawindowonthevigor,speedandpowerofyouth.Peoplearestronglyattractedtotheskilllevelsitshows.Menidentifywiththesportmoredirectlythanwomenbecauseoftheirchildhoodexperiencesandthemasculinityofthegame.

Bytheearly1970s,fans’growinginterestinthegamewasreinforcedbytelevisionnetworksandturnedprofessionalsportsintoalucrativebusiness.Asaresult,entirelynewclubfederationssprunguptocompetewithestablishedsportsorganizationsandlureawayplayerswithattractivesalaries.Assportsbecomemorelikeatraditionalbusiness,moreandmoreathletesseekouttheiragentstorepresenttheminsalarynegotiations.Now,professionalsportshaveenteredanewera.

17.單選題

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinorderrespects,appeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence-asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearnedthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Notsolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwoundwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，”theadvocateofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

D.arepersecuted.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.Moppinguptheviolentmess

D.nonviolence

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。B項(xiàng)(暴力難以消除種族偏見)適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing(人類的整個(gè)歷史記錄，那冗長乏味的暴力記錄，完全沒有教給我們?nèi)魏螙|西)，故選B。

3.推斷題。第二段指出:真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾聽他們的意見越來越困難。D項(xiàng)是對(duì)A,B,C三項(xiàng)的總結(jié)。

4.語義題。Nonethewiser字面意思是“—點(diǎn)也不比以前聰明”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出:如果我們?cè)诜傻臉?gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此推斷作者認(rèn)為,法制是消滅種族歧視的辦法。

18.翻譯題

Direction:TranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChineseonyourANSWERSHEET.

Onceanemployeewantstoworkabroadhemusthaveaclearmindthathissuccessandexpertisehomedonotmeanhecancontinuehisexcellenceathisoverseasbranchbecauseoftheculturalenvironmentaswellashisadaptability.ThinkingdifferenceinsteadofprofessionalexperienceplaysanimportantroleforU.S.businesspeoplesuccessatforeignmarket.Values,attitude,andbuyingpreferenceandtheirrelatedinformationhavetobeadaptedandalteredfromtopmanagementtoaverageworkersinthecourseoftappingforeignmarkets.Forinternationalbusiness,thefirmsinU.S.havetoredeterminetheirmarketingstrategyandtacticswhichgenerallycontrarytowhattheyhavedoneattheirhomemarketsbasedontheirknowledgeofthetargetingcountries’culturecontext.Americanbusinesspersonshavetounderstandthatculturalvariableinfluenceinternationalbusinessenterprisessotheyarerequiredtoplacehighlyprioritytocommunicatewiththeforeignpeopleformutualunderstandingbesidestheirbusinessactivities.

【答案】如果一名員工想出國工作，他必須要弄清楚的是，由于文化環(huán)境的差異和他自身適應(yīng)能力的影響，他在國內(nèi)的成功和專業(yè)并不能保證他能在國外的分公司也一樣的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀。在國外市場上，美國商務(wù)人員的成功取決于思維差異而不是專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在開發(fā)國外市場的進(jìn)程中，價(jià)值觀、態(tài)度和購買偏好以及與這些相關(guān)的信息從高層主管到普通職工之間不盡相同，需要我們?nèi)ミm應(yīng)。在國際商務(wù)中，美國的企業(yè)需要根據(jù)他們對(duì)目標(biāo)國文化的了解來重新調(diào)整他們的市場策略與戰(zhàn)術(shù)，這些戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)常會(huì)與他們?cè)趪鴥?nèi)市場采用的相反。美國的商人必須了解文化差異對(duì)國際企業(yè)的影響，所以他們需要高度重視與外國朋友在商業(yè)活動(dòng)外的交流，以促進(jìn)相互理解。

19.單選題

Afterayearofarguments,preparationsforthefestivalarenow（

）smoothly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preceding

B.processing

C.pressing

D.proceeding

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。precede“在……之前發(fā)生（或出現(xiàn)）”；process“加工，處理”；press“壓，按，推”；proceed“進(jìn)行，發(fā)生”。句意：經(jīng)過一年的協(xié)商，歡慶活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備工作現(xiàn)在正在順利進(jìn)行。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

20.單選題

Ididn’tignoreher（

）.Ijustdidn’trecognizeher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attentively

B.intensively

C.intentionally

D.intensely

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。attentively“注意地；聚精會(huì)神地”；intensively“強(qiáng)烈地；集中地”；intentionally“故意地；有意地”；intensely“強(qiáng)烈地；緊張地；熱情地”。句意：我不是有意忽視她，只是沒認(rèn)出她。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

21.單選題

Aboutfouryearsago,KerrySturgillfoundherselfatacareercrossroads:Shouldshestayinanindustrypopulatedbyextroverts(外向型的人)orjumpshiptoamorereflectiveplacewhereintrovertslikeherwereinthemajority

Careercounselorshadtoldhertogetoutofthehighlyextrovertedpublicrelationsfields“soyoucanbehappyanddowhatyouare.”Amongthelessfast-pacedareastheypointesto:art,scientificresearch,dataanalysis.

Suchamoveisdefinitelytherightroadformanyintrovertsstrugglingtofitintoanextrovertedworkplace.So,justwhatisanintrovertanyway?It’ssomeonewhoisenergizedbythoughtandreflection,whileextrovertsareenergizedbysocializing.Introvertsnaturallyneedtothinkbeforetheyspeak.Extrovertsusethespeakingprocesstofigureoutwhatitistosay.

And,needlesstosay,thereareplusesandminusestobothpersonalitytypes.

Still,inthemodernworldwhereasmanyastwo-thirdsofthepopulationmaybeextroverted,thosewhoaretheoppositecanbemisunderstood.Theycanbeseenasantisocial,secretive,eventerritorial,becausetheycansometimestrytoprotecttheir“space”andquiet.

Workplacescanactuallybenefitfromhavingbothtypes,saysDeborahBarrett,programdirectoroftheRiceUniversityMBAcommunicationsprogram.

Anintrovertherself,shesaysshehasthebestofbothworlds―workinginanenvironmentofprofessors,whotendtowardsintroversion,yetgettingtoteach,whichcallsonhermore“outthere”skills.

Here’sheradviceforthoselookingtofollowthesamepath:

Makegooduseofe-mail.Ifyoudon’tgettomakeapointataloudmeeting,sendafollow-upemailsharingyourthoughts.

Ifyoudon’thaveanofficeandareeasilydistractedbyongoingsmalltalk,considerlisteningtomusicthroughheadphones.Buttakecarenottomakeyourmoresociableneighborsfeelrejected.

Sure,shesays,ifshehadmovedtoalessstimulatingenvironment,thatmighthave“short-circuitedalotofmypain,butIalsobelieveitwouldhaveshort-circuitedlearningwhat’smademeamuchmorewell-roundedperson.”Hermainlesson?“Idon’thavetobeanextrovert.Ijusthavetoplayatbeingoneforanhour.”

19.Accordingtothecareercounselors,____.

20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

21.Accordingtotheauthor,introvertsaresometimesmisunderstoodbecausetheyare____.

22.DeborahBarrettbelievesthatteachingisapracticeof____.

23.By“short-circuitedalotofmypain”(inthelastparagraph),DeborahBarrettemeans“______”.

24.WecanlearnfromDeborahBarrett’scasethatintrovertedpeople____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.introvertsshouldtrytoavoidworkinginahighlyextrovertedenvironment

B.introvertsshouldtrytochangethemselvestofitintoanextrovertedworkingenvironment

C.extrovertsshouldworkinlessfast-pacedareassuchasartandscientificresearch

D.introvertscanbehappieriftheycanfindjobsinthefieldofpublicrelations

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewithintrovertedpersonalityhavesomedisadvantagesinfindingjobs.

B.Peoplewithintrovertedpersonalityhavesomeadvantagesinworkingwithothers.

C.Bothintrovertedandextrovertedpeoplehavemeritsanddemerits.

D.Mostworkplacesneedmoreextrovertedpeoplethanintrovertedones.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.antisocial

B.reserved

C.aggressive

D.queer

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.reflection

B.introversion

C.energizing

D.socializing

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ruinedalotofherhappiness

B.savedheralotoftrouble

C.relievedherofaheavyburden

D.addedtohersufferings

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.shouldnotshareofficeswithextrovertedones

B.areeasilyirritatedbysmalltalk

C.liketocommunicatewithothersviae-mail

D.arereluctanttoexpresstheirideasinpublic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:D

【解析】19.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“根據(jù)職業(yè)顧問，_____”,