考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿遷澤達(dá)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宿遷澤達(dá)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

The150millionpeoplewholiveoutsidethecountryoftheirbirthmakeuplessthan2.5percentofworldpopulation,buttheyhaveanimportancefarbeyondtheirnumbers.Someinternationalmigrantsarerefugeesorstudents,butthosewiththemostimpactareeconomicmigrants,drawntoplacessuchasLosAngeles,wherethewagesmaybethreetimesgreaterthanthoseinBombay.Thesemigrantstendtobeyoungandwillingtoworkforlowwages.Thoughtraditionallyunskilled,agrowingnumberarehighlyeducated.

Immigrationisnowthemajorcontributortodemographicchangeinmanydevelopedcountries.IntheU.S.,accordingtothelatestU.S.CensusBureauprojection,thepopulationwillgrowby129millionintheperiodfrom2000to2050,butifimmigrationstopsitwouldgoupbyjust54million.WesternEurope’spopulationis42percentgreaterthanthatoftheU.S.,butitsprojectedimmigrationisonlyabouthalfthatoftheU.S.;asaconsequence,theregionexpectedtolose28millionpeopleoverthenext50years.Japan,whichhasclosetozeronetmigration,isprojectedtolose26millionby2050.(DeathswillstartoutrunningbirthsinwestEuropeandJapanaroundthemiddleofthisdecade).

Duringthepastsixyears,theU.S.received27percentoftheworldinternationalmigrants,comparedwith9percentbyGermany,thesecondmostpopulardestination.OnefourthofallmigrantstotheU.S.wenttoCalifornia;favoritecities,inorderofthenumberofforeign-bom,areLosAngeles,NewYorkCity,SanFrancisco,MiamiandChicago.

Internationalmigrantsprimarilycomefromdevelopingcountries,withChinaat14percentandMexicoat8percentbeingthelatestsources.Afewdevelopingcountries,suchasAfghanistan,Bosnia,LiberiaandRwanda,havehadsignificantinfluxesinrecentyears,butthesereflectmainlythemovementofrefugees.Mostdevelopingcountrieshadnegativenetmigration.

Inthepastfewyears,Europeancountrywithconsiderableimmigrationhashadareactionagainstforeignwork,accordingtosocialscientistChristopherJencksofHarvardUniversity.SomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990striedtorepatriatemigrantworkers.ThusfartheU.S.showsnosignsofreinstitutingtheextremelyrestrictiveImmigration,lawsofthepast,amajorreasonbeingthedependenceofmanyindustriesonasupplyofforeignlabor.Indeed,theAFL-CIO,onceanopponentofhighimmigrationquotashasreversepositionandisnowattemptingtoorganizeimmigrant.ThischangeinattitudeamongotherreasonsleadsJenckstoconcludethatasubstantialreversalofthecurrentliberalpoliciesisunlikely.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTexactlydescribetheeconomicmigrants?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.immigrantsintheperiodfrom2000to2050willgrowby（

）.

3.Manyrefugeesmovefromtheirnationstosuchdevelopingcountriesas

（

）.

4.WhathappenedtosomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990s?

5.TheAFL-CIOlikestoorganizeimmigrantsnowbecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theytendtobeyoung

B.Manyofthemarehighlyeducated

C.Theyarewillingtoworkforlowwages

D.Theyconstitute2.5%oftheworldpopulation.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.129million

B.54million

C.75million

D.28million

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Afghanistan

B.China

C.Mexico

D.Pakistan

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theytriedtoattractmiremigrantworkers.

B.Theywantedtodependmoreonforeignworkers.

C.Theymanagedtoorganizeimmigrants.

D.Theyattemptedtosendbackforeignworkers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.itisanopponentofhighimmigrantquotas

B.itsdevelopmentisdependentonforeignlabor

C.ithasareactionagainstforeignworkers

D.itshowsnosignofreinstitutingimmigrationlaws

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段The150millionpeoplewholiveoutsidethecountryoftheirbirthmakeuplessthan2.5percentofworldpopulation,buttheyhaveanimportancefarbeyondtheirnumbers提到移民的人數(shù)占世界人口不到2.5%，所以選項(xiàng)D的描述是不準(zhǔn)確的，符合題意。

2.thepopulationwillgrowby129millionintheperiodfrom2000to2050,butifimmigrationstopsitwouldgoupbyjust54million提到美國(guó)人口2000到2050年，將增長(zhǎng)129million,除去移民的話(huà)增長(zhǎng)54million，所以移民人數(shù)是75million。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段Afewdevelopingcountries,suchasAfghanistan,Bosnia,LiberiaandRwanda,havehadsignificantinfluxesinrecentyears,butthesereflectmainlythemovementofrefugees提到阿富汗、波斯尼亞、利比里亞和盧旺達(dá)的移民主要是難民，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章最后一段SomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990striedtorepatriatemigrantworkers提到在經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條期很多亞洲國(guó)家的人被遣返，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段amajorreasonbeingthedependenceofmanyindustriesonasupplyofforeignlabor提到美國(guó)沒(méi)有制定嚴(yán)格地移民法律，是因?yàn)樾枰鈬?guó)的勞動(dòng)力。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Anemergingawarenessofthecostsofsprawlandtheroleofgovernmentpoliticsinfacilitatingsprawlistransformingmetropolitanareapoliticsaroundthecountry.Electedofficialsfromcitiesandinnersuburbs;downtowncorporate,philanthropic,andcivicinterests;minorityandlow-incomecommunityrepresentatives;environmentalists;slow-growthadvocatesinthenewsuburbs;farmersandruralactivistsallarerealizingthatuncoordinatedsuburbanexpansionbringsneedlesscosts.InChicagotheCommercialClub,anorganizationoftopregionalbusinessleaders,hasreleasedtheChicagoMetropolis2020report,anambitiousplanformeetingthatarea’smyriadchallengesinthecomingdecades.InOhioelectedofficialsfrominnersuburbsaroundClevelandarejoiningforceswithfarmpreservationconstituenciestopushstategrowthmanagementreforms.InMarylandacoalitionofenvironmentalists(theChesapeakeBayFoundation),businessleadersandinner-cityadvocatesareleadingstatewideeffortstocurbsuburbansprawlandpromotereinvestmentinolderestablishedcommunities.InMissouriacoalitionofeightyProtestantandCatholicchurchesisleadingthefighttopromotesmartergrowthintheSi.Louisarea.

Thesenascentcoalitionsreachpastcitylimitsandcrosstraditionalconstituencylines.Themotivationsbehindthesecoalitionsdiffer.Groupsthataredrivenbyaconcernforequityandtheburdenofconcentratedpovertythatcitiesandinnersuburbsmustbearpushfortaxreformsthatwouldreducefiscaldisparitiesamongjurisdictions.Coalitionsconcernedaboutrunawaygrowthadvocatecurbsonsprawlandtrytodirectinfrastructureinvestmenttoolderestablishedareas.Bothkindsofcoalitionsseekmetropolitancollaborationtosolvesuchcross-jurisdictionalproblemsastransportation,environmentalquality,watertreatment,andworkforceandeconomicdevelopment.Thesereformsaremutuallyreinforcing.Mayorswhocareabouttax-baseequitymayfindcommoncausewithno-growthadvocatesintheoutersuburbs.Environmentalistsandruralconstituenciespushingtoconserveopenspaceandfarmlandunderstandthatastrongerurbancoreisintheirinterest.Asonewouldexpect,thevariouscoalitionsencompassdiverseintereststhatreflectthenatureoftheirmetropolitanareas.

Thenewmetropolitancoalitionsaremakingadifferenceontransportationandlanduseissues.LeadersinChattanooga,Portland,andSt.Louisarechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.Invirtualrevoltovercongestedroads,overcrowdedschools,andlossofopenspace,citizensofoutersuburbancommunitiesofsuchfast-growingmetropolitanareasasnorthernVirginiaandSeattlehavepushedcountygovernmentstoincreasedeveloperfees,scalebackexistingplansforresidentialgrowth,andbuylandtopreserveopenspace.Often,however,therecoalitionsfindthatpoweroverlanduse,welfare,housingtaxpolicy,andlocalgovernanceisexercisedinstatecapitalsandWashington,D.C.

Severalstateshaverecognizedthepowerofanew“metropolitics”andarepursuingavarietyofpoliciestosupportit.Theyhaveembracedlandusereformstomanagegrowthatthemetropolitanfringe.Theyhavebeguntosteerinfrastructureinvestmentandotherresourcestoolderestablishedareas.Theyhaverestructuredtaxestopoolresourcesamongjurisdictions.Andtheyhaveauthorizednewformsofmetropolitangovernancetohandlesuchcross-jurisdictionalissuesastransportation,environmentalprotections,wastemanagement,andeconomicdevelopment.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagewouldbe（）.

2.Whatisthemajorproblemwithcitydevelopmentaccordingtothepassage?

3.ThecoalitionsmaybeconcernedwithallofthefollowingissuesEXCEPT（）.

4.Inparagraph3,thesentence“Thenewmetropolitancoalitionsaremakingadifferenceontransportationandlanduseissues”meansthenewmetropolitancoalitionsare（）.

5.Thesuccessofthenew“metropolitics”willdependaloton（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheRiseofMetropolitanPoliticsintheUnitedStates

B.CityDevelopmentintheUnitedStates

C.TheRoleofCoalitionsinCityDevelopmentintheUnitedStates

D.MetropolitanReformsintheUnitedState

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Conflictinginterestsincitiesandinnersuburbs.

B.Governmentpolicyconcerningcitiesandinnersuburbs.

C.Irregularanduncontrolledspreadingofsuburbs.

D.Unbalancedgrowthofvariouspartsofcities.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.povertyelimination

B.taxpolicy

C.rejuvenationofinnercities

D.spaceexploration

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.turningadeafeartotransportationandlanduseissues

B.takingpartinthedebateontransportationandlanduseissues

C.havinganimpactontransportationandlanduseissues

D.redefiningtransportationandlanduseissues

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.governanceinnovation

B.jurisdictionparticipation

C.landreform

D.olderestablishedareas

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨題。文章第一段主要列舉的大量的實(shí)例說(shuō)明新興的聯(lián)盟正在形成。第二段主要提到了這些新興聯(lián)盟的任務(wù)和工作。第三段講到了新興聯(lián)盟在交通和土地使用問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮作用。最后一段主要表達(dá)了政府也開(kāi)始關(guān)注這些社會(huì)上的新興力量。所以正篇文章圍繞新興的聯(lián)盟展開(kāi)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“farmersandruralactivistsallarerealizingthatuncoordinatedsuburbanexpansionbringsneedlesscosts.”，可知農(nóng)民和農(nóng)村活動(dòng)人士都意識(shí)到，不協(xié)調(diào)的郊區(qū)擴(kuò)張會(huì)帶來(lái)不必要的成本。所以城市發(fā)展的問(wèn)題在于郊區(qū)不協(xié)調(diào)而不受控制的擴(kuò)張。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…arechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.”，可知他們選擇修復(fù)現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，投資公共交通，保護(hù)開(kāi)放空間，而不是修建更多的道路?？膳袛喑鏊麄冴P(guān)心的問(wèn)題是關(guān)于保留空間，而不是空間的探索利用。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“LeadersinChattanooga,Portland,andSt.Louisarechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.”，列舉了查塔努加、波特蘭和圣路易斯的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在交通和土地方面的措施，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了新城市聯(lián)盟對(duì)交通和土地利用問(wèn)題方面產(chǎn)生影響。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Severalstateshaverecognizedthepowerofanew“metropolitics”andarepursuingavarietyofpoliciestosupportit.”，可知幾個(gè)州府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到新都市政治的力量，并正在采取各種改革措施來(lái)給予支持。然后下文繼續(xù)列舉并介紹了州府采取的改革和管理措施。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

CharlesReznikoof(1894-1976)workedrelentlessly,neverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywood,ofallplaces.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke,andoftenpublishedhisownworks;intheDepressionera,hemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhisbasement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics;longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersources,oftenfromtheJudaictradition;andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocausttrialsandfromthecourtroomsoftum-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles“Testimony”,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifetodefinehispoetry,itwasnotthewordhechose.

“Objectivist”,hewrote,naminghislongstandinggroup,andmimickingpoeticstylewithasingleprosesentence:“imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedbytheobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse;wordspithyandplain;withouttheartificeofregularmeters;themes,chieflyJewish,American,urban.”Ifthesentencesoundshard-won,thisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier,hewroteinalettertofriends,“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.

Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.

BornachildofimmigrantsinBrooklynin1894,hewasinjournalismschoolat16,tookalawdegreeat21.Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguage,hewrote,“isrestrictedalmosttothetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.”Ifthissuggestsacongenitaloptimismaboutthelaw,itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoofisunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethatworldisworthgettingright.Notthegloriousorthedamagedworld,buttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthecase.Reznikoof’sfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynolesssocialthanspiritual,nogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork.Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch,numbered69inthevolume“JerusalemtheGolden”runsinitslength:“Amongtheheapsofbrickandplasterliesagirder,stillitselfamongtherubbish.”ThisexemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoof’spoetryitself,immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.

1.Bysaying“itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany”(Line8,Paragraph1)theauthorimplies（

）.

2.Reznikoff'sattitudetothefactthathewasgroupedasobjectivistis（

）.

3.Theword“rankled”(Line2,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthat（

）.

5.Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto（b）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.CharlesReznikoffalwayswroteworksabouttestimony

B.CharlesReznikoofwasalwaysinvolvedinthetestimonyaffairs

C.CharlesReznikooflikedtowritetestimony

D.CharlesReznikoofisbusylawyer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.indifference

C.opposition

D.suspicionNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.interested

B.angered

C.pleased

D.consoled

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Reznuikofflikedtolearnlaw

B.Reznikoffwasmoreinterestedinspiritualworldthaninsocialworld

C.itisastonishingthatReznikoffwrotecare-filledpoetry

D.Reznikoffwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhislegalexperienceinhispoetrywriting

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showthattheforceislessenedinthisway

B.showthatthepoemisnotimpressionistic

C.showthatthepoemisimmutable

D.showthatthepoemiscompressed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles‘Testimony’,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.其中兩卷書(shū)的標(biāo)題是證詞，就像早期的散文作品一樣；這是一個(gè)和他形影不離的詞?！笨芍闋査瓜矚g寫(xiě)一些和證詞相關(guān)的作品。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.這個(gè)月的詩(shī)里有一篇關(guān)于我的詩(shī)的學(xué)習(xí)文章，從中我了解到我是一個(gè)客觀(guān)主義者。這位學(xué)者就是路易?祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客觀(guān)主義者，我對(duì)于詩(shī)歌的形式和內(nèi)容都不同意他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，但是我不得不把我的一些東西放在這里和那里。雷茲尼考夫1931年的結(jié)論是這樣的，其中不乏禮貌的不滿(mǎn)?！笨芍闋査箤?duì)于路易斯稱(chēng)其為客觀(guān)主義者持不贊成的態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義題。由第三段“Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派是講述詩(shī)歌歷史的隨意、非物質(zhì)的東西。這肯定會(huì)…查爾斯，因?yàn)樗膶?xiě)作生涯主要是描述物質(zhì)和必然的東西?！备鶕?jù)前后句關(guān)系可判斷兩者存在矛盾，即運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派講述的東西會(huì)讓查爾斯很生氣。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.雖然他對(duì)法律實(shí)踐不感興趣，但這些想法將是他寫(xiě)作的核心?！笨芍稍诓闋査沟脑?shī)歌創(chuàng)作中起到了很大的作用，故D項(xiàng)“查爾斯的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作深受法律經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.這本詩(shī)集收集了他所有的詩(shī)歌（但對(duì)于那些已經(jīng)有書(shū)本長(zhǎng)度的詩(shī)歌來(lái)說(shuō)），采用了一次壓縮五六頁(yè)的技術(shù)。這可以削弱力量；雖然不比手動(dòng)印刷機(jī)更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一種美國(guó)俳句?！焙竺嬉昧艘皇自?shī)作為被壓縮之后的詩(shī)歌的例子。故D項(xiàng)“顯示這首詩(shī)被壓縮了”正確。

4.單選題

Heknewthathehadonemoredutytoperformbeforeheallowedhimselftosuccumbtohis______forrest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orientation

B.disgust

C.craving

D.objection

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.orientation方向；目標(biāo)B.disgust厭惡；憎惡

C.craving強(qiáng)烈的愿望；渴望D.objection反對(duì)的理由；反對(duì)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“他知道在他屈服于對(duì)休息的______之前，他還有一個(gè)任務(wù)要完成”可推知，______forrest應(yīng)該是指對(duì)休息的強(qiáng)烈渴望，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】他知道在他屈服于對(duì)休息的渴望之前，他還有一個(gè)任務(wù)要完成。

5.翻譯題

Traditionally,thewomanhasheldalowpositioninamarriagepartnership.Whileherhusbandwenthiswayshehadtowash,stitchandsew.Todaythemoveistoliberatethewoman,whichmayintheendstrengthenthemarriageunion.Perhapsthegreatestobstacletofriendshipinmarriageistheamountacoupleusuallyseeofeachother.Friendshipinitsusualsenseisnottestedbythestrainofdaily,yearlongcohabitation.Couplesneedtotakeupseparateinterests(andfriendship)aswellasmutuallysharedones,iftheyarenottogetusedtothemoreattractiveelementsofeachother’spersonalities.Marriedcouplesarelikelytoexertthemselvesforguests-beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint-andthentofallintodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.Onceamanconfessed,“ThegreatquestionIhavenotbeenabletoansweris:Whatdoesawomanwant?”Manyhusbandswonderthesamethingtoday.

【答案】從傳統(tǒng)上講，女性在婚姻關(guān)系中處于較低的地位。丈夫出門(mén)時(shí)，她就得洗洗涮涮，縫縫補(bǔ)補(bǔ)。今天的趨勢(shì)是解放婦女，這最終可能會(huì)鞏固婚姻。也許婚姻中友誼的最大障礙是夫妻經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面。通常意義上的友誼不會(huì)受到每天、常年的同居生活的壓力的考驗(yàn)。如果夫婦們不想要各自性格中更有吸引力的那些部分失去新鮮感，那么除了共同的興趣外，他們還需要有各自的興趣（和友誼）。已婚夫婦在來(lái)客人時(shí)很可能會(huì)竭盡全力地接待客人——幽默風(fēng)趣，談話(huà)時(shí)充滿(mǎn)激情，——但是在客人走后陷入沉悶、疲憊的沉默。有一次一個(gè)男人坦白說(shuō)：“我一直不能回答的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題是：女人想要什么？”如今，許多丈夫都對(duì)同樣的事情感到疑惑。

6.單選題

Thebeliefthattheuniverseisimprovingandthatgoodwill（）triumphoverevilprevails.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ultimately

B.conclusively

C.feasibly

D.terminally

【答案】A

【解析】ultimately最后，根本，基本上；conclusively最后地，決定性地；feasibly可行地；terminally最后，在末端，致命地。句意：宇宙正在進(jìn)步，正義終將戰(zhàn)勝邪惡的信念盛行。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

Peopleinnately（）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)“為……奮斗，爭(zhēng)取……”；B選項(xiàng)“確定，探知”；C選項(xiàng)“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹保籇選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持……”，句意為：人們天生（）比同齡人優(yōu)越，盡管有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為夸張的權(quán)力欲。本句表示“人們天生就想爭(zhēng)取比同齡人優(yōu)越”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdisease.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatthesocietysmilessogentlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefardifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleare,allowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstrictannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationformanufacturers,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notformotor-cars.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis_______.

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?

3.Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

4.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

5.Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists

B.thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyear

C.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolax

D.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Buildmorehighways.

B.Stricterdrivingtests.

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ironical

B.critical

C.appealing

D.militant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themainideaofthispassageis____.

這篇文章的主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)是____。

A.TrafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotoristsA.交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的

B.ThousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyearB.全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺

C.ThelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolaxC.有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了

D.OnlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidentsD.只有更嚴(yán)格的交通法規(guī)才能防止事故發(fā)生

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】全文主要講當(dāng)今社會(huì)交通事故發(fā)生率提高。第一段首先指出問(wèn)題：全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死；第二段講到：汽車(chē)常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)；第三段講述因?yàn)槠?chē)出現(xiàn)許多問(wèn)題；第四段提出作者的中心觀(guān)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候制定一套世界準(zhǔn)則來(lái)減少這種無(wú)謂的生命浪費(fèi)了。作者提出一些舉措來(lái)防止事故的發(fā)生。綜合全文，文章先是提出因?yàn)榻煌▽?dǎo)致的許多問(wèn)題，最后提出應(yīng)該要增加交通措施防止事故發(fā)生。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的”，文中沒(méi)有提及交通事故的發(fā)生主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺”，文中提到“全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死，而我們卻袖手旁觀(guān)”但是這不是文章的主旨，文章主要說(shuō)交通事故，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了”，文中提到了有些國(guó)家法律太松，但是這是為了引出文章中的主旨——要采取手段防止事故的發(fā)生，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?作者是如何看待社會(huì)對(duì)待司機(jī)的？

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.A.社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬。

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.B.在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車(chē)場(chǎng)。

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.C.事故的受害者不算什么。

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.D.社會(huì)容忍他們粗野的駕駛行為。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.3第一句，該處講到“令人驚訝的是，社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬，似乎原諒了他的行為”，又因?yàn)樯衔恼f(shuō)到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車(chē)的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”綜合理解，作者認(rèn)為社會(huì)寬容了司機(jī)的行為。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬”，這是作者對(duì)社會(huì)存在的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的比喻，并不是作者的態(tài)度，屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車(chē)場(chǎng)”，雖然可以在文中定位到該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)不是作者是如何看待社會(huì)看待司機(jī)的，而是一個(gè)客觀(guān)事實(shí)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“事故的受害者不算什么”，文中雖然可以推測(cè)出該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)也是對(duì)客觀(guān)現(xiàn)象的描述，并不是作者認(rèn)為的，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

為什么作者說(shuō):“他的車(chē)成為了他個(gè)性的延伸?”

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.A.駕駛可以展示他真實(shí)的自我。

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.B.駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分。

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.C.駕駛能顯示出他的性格。

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.D.他的汽車(chē)體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，該處講到“他的汽車(chē)就成了他個(gè)性的延伸”，后面的句子講到“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，汽車(chē)常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)（worstqualities）?！边€講到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車(chē)的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”。換言之，駕駛能展示一個(gè)人真正的自我，由此可以說(shuō)是個(gè)性的延伸。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“駕駛能顯示出他的性格”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他的汽車(chē)體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

下面哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法?

A.Buildmorehighways.A.修建更多的公路。

B.Stricterdrivingtests.B.更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試。

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.C.每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試。

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.D.提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞awayagainsttrafficaccidents可定位到Para.4第五句，該處講到“駕駛考試應(yīng)該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，難度要比現(xiàn)在高得多”，即更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試；還講到“所有的司機(jī)應(yīng)該每三年左右參加一次考試”；和“年輕人可以駕駛?cè)魏诬?chē)輛的年齡應(yīng)該提高到至少21歲”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B、C、D都提到了，A沒(méi)有提到。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試”、C選項(xiàng)“每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試”以及D選項(xiàng)“提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范”通過(guò)解題思路可知都是文章中被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法，和題干相悖，屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.作者的態(tài)度是_____。

A.ironicalA.諷刺的

B.criticalB.批評(píng)的

C.appealingC.懇求的

D.militantD.好戰(zhàn)的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】文中先是指出交通事故的產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越多，然后指出交通事故的原因，最后對(duì)各國(guó)寬松的交通法律進(jìn)行批評(píng)。綜合來(lái)看，作者的態(tài)度是批評(píng)的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“諷刺的”，C選項(xiàng)“懇求的”，D選項(xiàng)“好戰(zhàn)的”都屬于無(wú)中生有。

9.單選題

The______causeofdeathtodayinBritainisheartdisease,withcancerinsecondplace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initial

B.previous

C.subsequent

D.prime

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。initial“最初的，第一的”；previous“以前的，早先的”；subsequent“隨后的”；prime“主要的，最好的”。句意：如今，英國(guó)人的主要死亡原因是心臟病，癌癥位居第二。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Shesuddenlysawacougarperchedonthefencereadytoswooponherson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pounceon

B.aimat

C.glideupon

D.attackagainst

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pounceon猛撲；突然襲擊B.aimat針對(duì)；瞄準(zhǔn)

C.glideupon滑翔在……上D.attackagainst襲擊

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞cougar（美洲獅）可推知，這只獅子是猛撲向她兒子，所以swoopon表示“