操作系統(tǒng)習(xí)題(英文版)

操作系統(tǒng)習(xí)題(英文版)操作系統(tǒng)習(xí)題(英文版)操作系統(tǒng)習(xí)題(英文版)Chapter1–ComputerSystemsOverviewTrue/FalseQuestions:T/F–Theoperatingsystemactsasaninterfacebetweenthecomputerhardwareandthehumanuser.T/F–Oneoftheprocessor’smainfunctionsistoexchangedatawithmemory.T/F–User-visibleregistersaretypicallyaccessibletosystemprogramsbutarenottypicallyavailabletoapplicationprograms.T/F–Dataregistersaregeneralpurposeinnature,butmayberestrictedtospecifictaskssuchasperformingfloating-pointoperations.T/F–TheProgramStatusWordcontainsstatusinformationintheformofconditioncodes,whicharebitstypicallysetbytheprogrammerasaresultofprogramoperation.T/F–TheprocessingrequiredforasingleinstructiononatypicalcomputersystemiscalledtheExecuteCycle.T/F–AfetchedinstructionisnormallyloadedintotheInstructionRegister(IR).T/F–Aninterruptisamechanismusedbysystemmodulestosignaltheprocessorthatnormalprocessingshouldbetemporarilysuspended.T/F–Toaccommodateinterrupts,anextrafetchcycleisaddedtotheinstructioncycle.T/F–Theminimuminformationthatmustbesavedbeforetheprocessortransferscontroltotheinterrupthandlerroutineistheprogramstatusword(PSW)andthelocationofthecurrentinstruction.T/F–Oneapproachtodealingwithmultipleinterruptsistodisableallinterruptswhileaninterruptisbeingprocessed.T/F–Multiprogrammingallowstheprocessortomakeuseofidletimecausedbylong-waitinterrupthandling.T/F–Inatwo-levelmemoryhierarchy,theHitRatioisdefinedasthefractionofallmemoryaccessesfoundintheslowermemory.T/F–Cachememoryexploitstheprincipleoflocalitybyprovidingasmall,fastmemorybetweentheprocessorandmainmemory.T/F–Incachememorydesign,blocksizereferstotheunitofdataexchangedbetweencacheandmainmemoryT/F–TheprimaryproblemwithprogrammedI/OisthattheprocessormustwaitfortheI/OmoduletobecomereadyandmustrepeatedlyinterrogatethestatusoftheI/Omodulewhilewaiting.MultipleChoiceQuestions:Thegeneralroleofanoperatingsystemisto:ActasaninterfacebetweenvariouscomputersProvideasetofservicestosystemusersManagefilesforapplicationprogramsNoneoftheaboveThefourmainstructuralelementsofacomputersystemare:Processor,Registers,I/OModules&MainMemoryProcessor,Registers,MainMemory&SystemBusProcessor,MainMemory,I/OModules&SystemBusNoneoftheaboveThetwobasictypesofprocessorregistersare:User-visibleandControl/StatusregistersControlandStatusregistersUser-visibleanduser-invisibleregistersNoneoftheaboveAddressregistersmaycontain:MemoryaddressesofdataMemoryaddressesofinstructionsPartialmemoryaddressesAlloftheaboveAControl/Statusregisterthatcontainstheaddressofthenextinstructiontobefetchediscalledthe:InstructionRegister(IR)ProgramCounter(PC)ProgramStatusWord(PSW)AlloftheaboveThetwobasicstepsusedbytheprocessorininstructionprocessingare:FetchandInstructioncyclesInstructionandExecutecyclesFetchandExecutecyclesNoneoftheaboveAfetchedinstructionisnormallyloadedintothe:InstructionRegister(IR)ProgramCounter(PC)Accumulator(AC)NoneoftheaboveAcommonclassofinterruptsis:a.ProgramTimerI/OAlloftheaboveWhenanexternaldevicebecomesreadytobeservicedbytheprocessor,thedevicesendsthistypeofsignaltotheprocessor:InterruptsignalHaltsignalHandlersignalNoneoftheaboveInformationthatmustbesavedpriortotheprocessortransferringcontroltotheinterrupthandlerroutineincludes:ProcessorStatusWord(PSW)ProcessorStatusWord(PSW)&LocationofnextinstructionProcessorStatusWord(PSW)&ContentsofprocessorregistersNoneoftheaboveOneacceptedmethodofdealingwithmultipleinterruptsisto:DefineprioritiesfortheinterruptsDisableallinterruptsexceptthoseofhighestpriorityServicetheminround-robinfashionNoneoftheaboveInauniprocessorsystem,multiprogrammingincreasesprocessorefficiencyby:IncreasingprocessorspeedTakingadvantageoftimewastedbylongwaitinterrupthandlingEliminatingallidleprocessorcyclesAlloftheaboveAsoneproceedsdownthememoryhierarchy(i.e.,frominboardmemorytoofflinestorage),thefollowingcondition(s)apply:IncreasingcostperbitDecreasingcapacityIncreasingaccesstimeAlloftheaboveSmall,fastmemorylocatedbetweentheprocessorandmainmemoryiscalled:WORMmemoryCachememoryCD-RWmemoryNoneoftheaboveWhenanewblockofdataiswrittenintocachememory,thefollowingdetermineswhichcachelocationtheblockwilloccupy:BlocksizeCachesizeWritepolicyNoneoftheaboveDirectMemoryAccess(DMA)operationsrequirethefollowinginformationfromtheprocessor:AddressofI/OdeviceStartingmemorylocationtoreadfromorwritetoNumberofwordstobereadorwrittenAlloftheaboveQuestions1.1，1.4，1.7，1.8Problems1.1，1.3，1.4，1.5，1.7Chapter2–OperatingSystemOverviewTrue/FalseQuestions:T/F–Anoperatingsystemcontrolstheexecutionofapplicationsandactsasaninterfacebetweenapplicationsandthecomputerhardware.T/F–Theoperatingsystemmaintainsinformationthatcanbeusedforbillingpurposesonmulti-usersystems.T/F–Theoperatingsystemtypicallyrunsinparallelwithapplicationprograms,onit’sownspecialO/Sprocessor.T/F–Oneofthedrivingforcesinoperatingsystemevolutionisadvancementintheunderlyinghardwaretechnology.T/F–Inthefirstcomputers,usersinteracteddirectlywiththehardwareandoperatingsystemsdidnotexist.6.T/F–Inabatch-processingsystem,thephrase“controlispassedtoajob”meansthattheprocessorisnowfetchingandexecutinginstructionsinauserprogram.T/F–Uniprogrammingtypicallyprovidesbetterutilizationofsystemresourcesthanmultiprogramming.8.T/F–Inatimesharingsystem,auser’sprogramispreemptedatregularintervals,butduetorelativelyslowhumanreactiontimethisoccurrenceisusuallytransparenttotheuser.T/F–Aprocesscanbedefinedasaunitofactivitycharacterizedbyasinglesequentialthreadofexecution,acurrentstate,andanassociatedsetofsystemresources.T/F–Avirtualmemoryaddresstypicallyconsistsofapagenumberandanoffsetwithinthepage.T/F–Implementingprioritylevelsisacommonstrategyforshort-termscheduling,whichinvolvesassigningeachprocessinthequeuetotheprocessoraccordingtoitslevelofimportance.T/F–Complexoperatingsystemstodaytypicallyconsistofafewthousandlinesofinstructions.T/F–Amonolithickernelarchitectureassignsonlyafewessentialfunctionstothekernel,includingaddressspaces,interprocesscommunicationandbasicscheduling.T/F–Thehardwareabstractionlayer(HAL)mapsbetweengenerichardwarecommands/responsesandthoseuniquetoaspecificplatform.MultipleChoiceQuestions:Aprimaryobjectiveofanoperatingsystemis:ConvenienceEfficiencyAbilitytoevolveAlloftheaboveTheoperatingsystemprovidesmanytypesofservicestoend-users,programmersandsystemdesigners,including:Built-inuserapplicationsErrordetectionandresponseRelationaldatabasecapabilitieswiththeinternalfilesystemAlloftheaboveTheoperatingsystemisunusualniit’sroleasacontrolmechanism,inthat:Itrunsonaspecialprocessor,completelyseparatedfromtherestofthesystemItfrequentlyrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessorandmustdependontheprocessortoregaincontrolofthesystemItneverrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessorNoneoftheaboveOperatingsystemsmustevolveovertimebecause:HardwaremustbereplacedwhenitfailsUserswillonlypurchasesoftwarethathasacurrentcopyrightdateNewhardwareisdesignedandimplementedinthecomputersystemAlloftheaboveAmajorproblemwithearlyserialprocessingsystemswas:SetuptimeLackofinputdevicesInabilitytogethardcopyoutputAlloftheaboveAnexampleofahardwarefeaturethatisdesirableinabatch-processingsystemis:PrivilegedinstructionsAcompletelyaccessiblememoryareaLargeclockcyclesNoneoftheaboveAcomputerhardwarefeaturethatisvitaltotheeffectiveoperationofamultiprogrammingoperatingsystemis:VerylargememoryMultipleprocessorsI/OinterruptsandDMAAlloftheaboveTheprincipleobjectiveofatimesharing,multiprogrammingsystemisto:MaximizeresponsetimeMaximizeprocessoruseProvideexclusiveaccesstohardwareNoneoftheaboveWhichofthefollowingmajorlineofcomputersystemdevelopmentcreatedproblemsintimingandsynchronizationthatcontributedtothedevelopmentoftheconceptoftheprocess?MultiprogrammingbatchoperationsystemsTimesharingsystemsRealtimetransactionsystemsAlloftheaboveThepa