2017屆初三年級英語中考第一輪總復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案專題八 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語

第第1頁共頁—It'strue.That'swhatwearegettingexcitedaboutthesedays.A．buildsB．willbuildC．isbuildingD．willbebuilt?（2010?江西）一Hello,Sandy.ThisisJack.Whatareyoudoing?—I'mwatchingamatch.Itstartedat7p．m.andonforanotherhalfanhour.A．hasbeenB．wasC．hadbeenD．willbe3（2010?常州）一What'shisplanafterheleavesschool?一He（go）toBeijingforfurthereducation.III、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（詳見專題九）IV、行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞又在，即含有實(shí)在意義的動(dòng)詞。實(shí)意動(dòng)詞分為和及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟，句意才完整。及物動(dòng)詞后根據(jù)賓語的情況分三類：類型例詞例句動(dòng)詞+賓語borrow/accept/enjoy/use等動(dòng)詞+間賓+直賓showsb?sth.=showsth.tosb.buysb.Sth?=buysth.forsb.動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)形容詞做賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：find，make等分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：hear/see/find等動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：allow③不及物動(dòng)詞本身意義完整，其后不必跟賓語?！飳c(diǎn)訓(xùn)練★翻譯句子我們熱愛我們的祖國。我的爸爸給我買了一個(gè)漂亮的玩具。他工作很努力。夏天人們經(jīng)常在河里游泳。（三）動(dòng)詞的基本形式英語動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和第三人稱單數(shù)形式。e.g.wor—worked—worked—working—works動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成及形式詳見下表：形式構(gòu)成規(guī)則例詞動(dòng)詞原形不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式形式（也就是詞典中一般給予的形式）be,have,do,come過去式與過去分詞（規(guī)則變化）現(xiàn)在分詞

第三人稱單數(shù)形式★對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練★用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Myfather(work)inafactoryandyesterdayhe(leave)?Ihearhim(play).Canyouhearit?Mybrotherhas(stop)studying.ThecoatIboughtlastweek(cost)me100dollars?(四)短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞：不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語如：for.?或者h(yuǎn)owlong等連用。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語如：for.?或者h(yuǎn)owlong等連用。?？嫉亩虝盒詣?dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間轉(zhuǎn)換表：短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞舉例borrowbuydiejoinbeginleave(五)動(dòng)詞短語1.breakcomeon來臨/快點(diǎn)原因)breakdown出毛病，拆開comealong一道來，趕快diefrom死于(外界原因)breakoff暫停，中斷comeover走過來dieout絕種breakout爆發(fā)comeup發(fā)芽，走近6.fall2.callcomeback回來fallbehind落后callup打電話comefrom來自，源自falldown掉下，跌倒callout大喊，高叫4.cutfallinto落入；陷入3.comecutdown砍倒，削減falloff從。。。掉下comedown下跌，落，降，傳下來cutup連根拔除，切碎fallout與。。。爭吵comein進(jìn)來5.die7.gocomeout出版，結(jié)果是dieof死于(疾病，饑餓，寒冷，情感g(shù)oalong沿著。。。。走gothrough通過，經(jīng)受goover復(fù)習(xí)，檢查goup（價(jià)格）上漲，建造起來goagainst違反goaway離開goby時(shí)間過去godown降低，（日、月）西沉goon（with）繼續(xù)進(jìn)行g(shù)oout外出，熄滅gooff發(fā)出響聲&getgetdown下來，記下，使沮喪geton進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步，穿上，上車getoff脫下，下車getaway逃跑，逃脫，去休假getover克服，從疾病中恢復(fù)getalongwith進(jìn)展，相處getup起床getinto（trouble）陷入困境中g(shù)etback取回，收回getout出去getto到達(dá)。。givegiveaway贈(zèng)送，泄露，出賣giveout發(fā)出，疲勞，分發(fā)，givein（tosb.）屈服giveup放棄，讓（座位）handhandin交上，提交handout分發(fā)holdholdonto...繼續(xù)，堅(jiān)持holdup舉起，使停頓holdon別掛電話，等，堅(jiān)持

keepkeepupwith跟上keepout不使。。進(jìn)入keepfrom克制，阻止keepawayfrom避開，不接近，keepon繼續(xù)，堅(jiān)持下來keepdown使。。處于低水平knockknockat/on敲knockinto撞到某人身上looklookup查找，向上看lookthrough翻閱，瀏覽lookafter/at/for照顧/看/尋找lookout(for)當(dāng)心lookabout/around/round四下查看lookforwardto盼望makemakeup編造，打扮，組成makeinto/of/from制成passpassby經(jīng)過passdown(on)...to傳給paypayback還錢，報(bào)復(fù)payfor付錢，因…得到報(bào)應(yīng)pickpickup拾起，接人，站起，收聽,pickout挑選，辨認(rèn)，看出putputup張貼，舉起，putout伸出，撲滅putoff推遲putinto放進(jìn)，翻譯

putaway放好，存錢putdown記下，平息puton穿戴，上映，putaside放到一邊putback放回runrunafter追逐，追捕runaway逃跑runoff跑掉，迅速離開runoutof用完setsetup建立setoff激起，引起taketakeafter與…相像takeoff脫掉，起飛takeaway拿走takeup從事，占用（時(shí)間空間）takedown記錄，取下takeback收回takepridein以為自豪，taketheplaceof代替thinkthinkof想起，考慮，對…看法thinkout（自然）想出辦法thinkup想出（設(shè)計(jì)出、發(fā)明、編造）thinkabout考慮thinkover仔細(xì)考慮turnturnoff/on打開turnto翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向，求助turndown調(diào)低，拒絕turnback返回，轉(zhuǎn)回去turnround轉(zhuǎn)過身來turnup向上翻，出現(xiàn)，音量調(diào)大talkwith/to..和。。。討論tryon試穿。。。26.care36.livevoteon對。。。進(jìn)行投票careabout擔(dān)心，關(guān)心；在乎，介意livein住在。。。strechout伸展。。。carefor關(guān)心，關(guān)懷，照顧liveon以。。。為主食hangout閑逛27.clean37.standleavefor離開前往cleanup把…打掃干凈，把…收拾整standout突顯，引人注目sellout賣完、售完齊standup起立，站起來showup出席；露面cleanout清除；把…打掃干凈38.其它常用詞組28.learnwakeup醒，喚醒，弄醒learnabout獲悉，得知，認(rèn)識(shí)到stayup不睡覺；熬夜learnfrom從/向。。學(xué)習(xí)dependon依靠；取決于29.fightworryabout為。。。擔(dān)憂fightfor..爭取獲得…laughat嘲笑。。。fightagainst爭取克服、戰(zhàn)勝…beginwith以。。。開始fightwith…與。。搏斗/戰(zhàn)斗mixup混合、攙和30.dreammajorin主修dreamof夢想，想橡growup成長dreamabout夢到。。openup打開，張開；開發(fā)31.workendup到達(dá)或來到某處；workfor為。。工作達(dá)到某狀態(tài)workout產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展；成功throwaway丟棄。。。32.argueaskfor要求。。。arguewith…與。。。爭論waitfor等待。。。argueabout..爭論。。。agreewith同意。。。33.complainfindout（經(jīng)研究或詢問）獲知某事complainto向。。抱怨sendout發(fā)出，放出，射出complainabout抱怨。。。s