Unit1 語(yǔ)法 主謂一致語(yǔ)法趣味講解課件 人教高中英語(yǔ)必修四

BookIVUnit1

Womenofachievement

GrammarExerciseHomeworkLead-incontent1234I

verygladtohearthatyouhaveagoodtimeeveryday.You

supposedtoturnoffthelightsbeforeleaving.She

asmartgirlwhostudiesveryhard.He

workingatafactorythatisnotfarfromhishome.It

apitythattheylostthegame.我用am，你用are，is連著她他它。amareisisisAquiz用be動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空主謂一致是指句子的_______與_____在_____和____上必須保持一致Subject---VerbAgreement主謂一致謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)人稱數(shù)WeareinClass7,whichislikeabigfamily.1.語(yǔ)法一致2.意義一致3.就近原則4.就遠(yuǎn)原則主謂一致的四個(gè)原則:一、語(yǔ)法一致：主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)也對(duì)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。Heexerciseseveryday.Theyexerciseeveryday.Thesebooks

(belong)tothestudents.They

(be)totheGreatWallthreetimes.1.主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theairinthecountryside

(be)veryfreshandclean.Thelittlegirlalways

(go)toschoolonfoot.He

(be)suchakindboythathe

(have)somanyfriends.isgoesishasbelonghavebeen2.由and連接的名詞或代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。Waterandsunshine

(be)importanttoplants.DaxiongandDoraemon

(be)havinglunch.Heandsheoften

(walk)toschool.arearewalkThesingerandwriter_____veryfamous.is注意：1）由and連接的并列主語(yǔ),如果主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人(事)，同一概念,同一整體時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)(and后面名詞沒(méi)有冠詞)，否則用復(fù)數(shù).Aknifeandfork

usedtohavemeals.isThesingerandthewriter_____veryfamous.areAhammerandasaw

usefultools.areEachmanandwoman______thesamerights.

A.has

B.have

C.had

D.ishavingＡManyaman_________(believe)thestory.

hasbelieves注意：２）由each,every,no,manya(許多)所修飾的名詞，即使用and連接作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。Manyaboyandmanyagirl_______(like)thestory.likes3.動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Seeingisbelieving.ToknoweverythingistoknownothingToknowoneselfistrueprogress.Constantdrippingwearsastone眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。滴水穿石。樣樣通，樣樣松。人貴有自知之明。Whathedid

(be)reallyridiculous.Whethertheywillgofishing

(depend)ontheweather.4.主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)后面名詞單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)。Thathewillcomehere

(be)stilldoubtful.Whatheneed

(be)apen.Whatheneed

(be)somebooks.wasdependsisisare5．由不定代詞either,neither,each,one;everyone,everybody,everything;someone,somebody,

something;anyone,anybody,anything;noone,nothing;等作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)Everybodyherehasadream.Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?Eitherisok.Isanybodyhome?Nobodyishome.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?1.Ithinkwhathesaid

(be)right.2.Dringkingtoomuchcola

(do)harmtoyourhealth.3.Eachofthem

(have)anEnglishdictionary.4.Breadandbutter

(be)whatAmericanshaveforbreakfast.5.JimandI

(be)bestfriends.6.Theteacherandartist

(be)alsoourbestguide.7.Itistruethateverything

(go)well.isdoeshasisareisgoes二、意義一致謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念，而不取決于表面的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)志。I

think

politics

(be)easy

to

study.

ArabianNights

(be)anveryinterestingbook.Peoplehere

(be)veryfriendly.isisare1.形復(fù)意單名詞如:news;以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如:physics,mathematics;國(guó)名如:theUnitedStates;報(bào)紙名如:theNewYorkTimes;書名如:ArabianNights;以及theUnitedNations等作主語(yǔ);謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).2.名詞如:trousers,scissors,clothes,

goods,glasses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù).但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有單數(shù)的量詞apairof修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.

isAmilliondollars__(is/are)reallyalotofmoney.Sixtyyears

alongtime.Threethousandmiles

alongdistance.Fiftykilograms

nottooheavytobecarried.isisis3.表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被看作整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Thegroup____madeupofninestudents.Thegroup____dancinghappily.isareTheteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasare4.由集體名詞，如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,crew等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),如果看成一個(gè)整體(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,如果看成其中各成員，（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）則用復(fù)數(shù)形式.

注意：集體名詞為

people,police,cattle，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g.Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.5.“the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞做主語(yǔ)的主謂一致“the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞”表示一類人或事物時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)；若指某一抽象概念，則用單數(shù)?！皌he＋姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”(表示夫婦或一家人)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。①Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.②Thetrueistobetoldfromthefalse.③TheGreensaregoingtobeachnextweek.6.由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)或alotof,lotsof,plentyof,halfof,therestof,someof,mostof,allof,(a)partof+名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)這個(gè)名詞或代詞來(lái)確定其謂動(dòng)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。三、就近原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于離它最近的名詞或代詞，而無(wú)須考慮其他的詞Thereis

ateacherandfourstudentsinthepicture.Thereare

fourstudentsandateacherinthepicture.

Aor

B

NotAbut

B

EitherAor

B

NeitherAnor

B

Not

onlyAbutalso

B

Verb

HereThere+Verb

AandB

A,BandC1.當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由or,either…or,neither…nor…

或notonly…butalso連接時(shí),謂語(yǔ)通常與臨近的名詞或代詞保持一致。2.由there或here引導(dǎo)的句子,主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致.Notonlyyoubutalsohe____wrong.(be)Neitheryounorhe___right.(beThere___twoshopsandacinemabesidetherailwaystation.(be)Here__amapandahandbookforyou.

(be)isisareis＿＿＿＿＿＿_(dá)_____＿Eitheryouorhe

(have)tostayathomethisafternoon.has四、就遠(yuǎn)原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不與最靠近它的名詞或代詞一致而與主語(yǔ)保持一致（即與比較遠(yuǎn)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致）They,togetherwithJimaregoingtowatchmeteorshower.Nobodybuttwostudentsisintheclassroom.Mr.Black,aswellastwowomen,______attheoffice.isMr.Blackwith,togetherwith,（和…一起）alongwith,（同…一道）aswellas,（既…又…）asmuchas,（和…一樣多）nolessthan,

（和…）一樣；多達(dá)ratherthan,（寧愿）except,besides,but(除了）including,(包括)like,inadditionto（另外）*主語(yǔ)+with/togetherwith/ratherthan…+名詞/代詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)跟句首主語(yǔ)一致。1.Theteacherwithtwostudents______atthemeeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,________animportantpartindailycommunication.

A.isplaying

B.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playwasA1．Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be2．NeithermywifenorI____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．beExercises:3．NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be4．Nottheteacher，butthestudents____lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be5．NobodybutBettyandMary____lateforclassyesterday．

A．was B．wereC．hasbeen D．havebeen6．Awomanwithsomechildren____soon．

A．iscoming B．a(chǎn)recomingC．hascome D．havecome7．Nooneexceptmyparents____anythingaboutthis.

A．know B．knowsC．isknown D．a(chǎn)reknown8．Theteacheraswellasthestudents____thebookalready．

A．hasread B．havereadC．a(chǎn)rereading D．isreading9．Allbutone____intheaccident．

A．waskilled B．werekilledC．willbekilled D．a(chǎn)rekilled10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory___yet.A.hasnotbeendecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided11.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___fifty,butanumberofthem___absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were12.____ofthelandinthatdistrict____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is B.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is D.Twofifths;are13.Theresultsoftheexamination___thatyouhaveallmadegreat_____.

A.show;progress

B.shows;progress

C.show;progresses

D.shows;progresses

14.Here_____anewpairofshoesforyou.

A.is

B.are

C.have

D.has

Thenecklace

ThestoryhappenedinParis.Oneday,Pierretogetherwithhiswife,Mathilde

___invitedtoaballatthepalace.Bothofthem____verygladtoaccepttheinvitation.Notonlyanewdressbutalsosomejewelry____needed.Butthefamily____notarichone,theyonlycouldoffertobuyadress.Soadiamondnecklace____borrowedfromMathilde’s

friendJeanne.But