英語四級改革新題型樣題

英語四級新題型樣SectionSectionSectionSectionSectionSectionPartIWriting(30Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:1A)ThemanhasleftagoodimpressiononherTheman'sjeansandT-shirtsareThemanshouldbuyhimselfanewThemancandresscasuallyfortheA)Itsprice.C)ItsB)Itscomfort.D)ItsA)Itisaroutineoffer.C)ItisnewontheB)Itisquitehealthy.D)ItisagoodA)ReadthenoticeontheBoardthebustoGoandasktheGetanewbusA)HeisashamedofhispresentHeiscarelessabouthisHechangesjobsHeshaveseveryotherA)ThewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimesThewomanknowshowtodealwiththeThewomanhadviolatedtrafficThewomanisgoodatfindingA)ShegothurtinanaccidentShehastogotoseeaSheisblackandblueallShestayedawayfromworkforafewA)ShewillaskDavidtotalkShewillmeetthemanSheissorrythemanwillnotShehastoinviteDavidtotheQuestions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)BeautifulsceneryintheAsportheparticipatesDangersofcross-countryPainandpleasureinA)Hecan'tfindgoodexamplestoillustratehisHecan'tfindapeacefulplacetodotheHecan'tdecidewhethertoincludetheeffortpartofHedoesn'tknowhowtodescribethebeautifulcountryA)NewideascomeupasyouMuchtimeisspentoncollectingAlotofeffortismadeinThewriter'spointofviewoftenQuestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)HavingherbicycleHostinganeveninLecturingonbusinessConductingamarketA)HerepairedHecoachedinaracingHeworkedasaHeservedasaA)HewantedtobehisownHedidn'twanttobeintoomuchHedidn'twanttostartfromHefounditmoreA)Theyarealltheman'sTheyworkfivedaysaTheyarepaidbytheTheyallenjoySectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Atofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:1PassageQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheysharedmutualfriendsinTheyhadmanyinterestsinTheysharedmanyextracurricularTheyhadknowneachothersinceA)Atalocalclub.C)AtthingB)AtJoe'shouse.D)AtthesportsA)DurablefriendshipscanbeverydifficulttoOnehastoberespectfulofotherpeopleinordertowinSocialdivisionswillbreakdownifpeoplegettoknoweachItishardforpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds ePassageQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheartofJapanesebrushSomefeaturesofJapaneseCharacteristicsofJapaneseTheuniquenessofJapaneseA)TocalmthemselvesToenhanceToshowtheirTosignallackofA)HowspeakerscanmisunderstandtheHowspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheHowlistenersindifferentculturesshowHowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsPassageQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheymistakethefirefightersforTheydonotrealizethedangertheyareTheycannothearthefirefightersfortheTheycannotseethefirefightersbecauseoftheA)HeteachesSpanishinaSanFranciscoHeoftenteacheschildrenwhattododuringaHetravelsalloverAmericatohelpputoutHeprovidesoxygenmaskstochildrenfreeofA)HeisverygoodatpublicHerescuedastudentfromabigHegivesinformativetalkstoyoungHesavedthelifeofhisbrotherchokingonA)KidsshouldlearnnottobeafraidofInformativespeechescansaveCarelessnesscanresultinFirefightersplayanimportantroleinSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意:1Almosteverychild,onthefirstdayhesetsfootinaschoolbuilding,issmarter,more26 afraidofwhathedoesn'tknow,betteratfindingand27 ,moreconfident,resourceful(的),persistentand28 thanhewilleverbeagaininhisschooling–or,unlessheisveryunusualandverylucky,fortherestofhislife.Already,bypayingcloseattentiontoand29 theworldandpeoplearoundhim,andwithoutanyschool-typeformalinstruction,hehasdoneataskfarmoredifficult,complicatedand30 thananythinghewillbeaskedtonschool,orthananyofhisteachershasdoneforyears.Hehassolvedthe31 oflanguage.Hehasdiscoveredit–babiesdon'tevenknowthatlanguageexists–andhehasfoundouthowitworksandlearnedtouseit32 .Hehasdoneitbyexploring,byexperimenting,bydevelohisownmodelofthegrammaroflanguage,by33 andseeingwhetheritworks,bygraduallychangingitand34 ituntilitdoeswork.Andwhilehehasbeenngthis,hehasbeenlearningotherthingsaswell,includingmanyofthe"35 "thattheschoolsthinkonlytheycanteachhim,andmanythataremorecomplicatedthantheonestheydotrytoteachhim.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40SectionDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingOneinsix.Believeitornot,that'sthenumberofAmericanswhostrugglewithhunger.Tomaketomorrowalittlebetter,FeedingAmerica,thenation'slargest hunger-reliefhaschosenSeptemberasHungerActionMonth.Aspartofits30Waysin30Daysprogram,it's acrossthecountrytohelpthemorethan200foodbanksand61,000agenciesinitsnetworkeindividualsandfamilieswiththefueltheyneedto38It'sthekindofworkthat'sdoneeverydayatSt.Andrew'sEpiscopalChurchinSanAntonioPeoplewho39atitsfrontdooronthefirstandthirdThursdaysofeaontharen'tlookingforGod–they'rethereforsomethingtoeat.St.Andrew'srunsafoodpantry(食品室)that40thecityandseveralofthe41towns.JanetDraneisitsInthewakeofthe42,thenumberoffamiliesinneedoffoodbegantogrow.Itis43that49millionAmericansareunsureofwheretheywillfindtheirnextmeal.What'smostsurprisingisthat36%ofthemlivein44whereatleastoneadultisworking."Itusedtobethatonejobwasallyouneeded,"saysSt.Andrew'sDrane."Thepeopleweseenowhavethreeorfourpart-timejobsandthey'restillrightontheedge45."注意:2 B) C) D) E)F) G) H) I) J) K)L)reviewedM)servesN)surroundingO)surviveSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.UniversitiesBranch petitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandInresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldeconomy,universities moreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsfromaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobal(合作的researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofOftheforcesshahighereducationnoneismoresweethanthemovementacrossborders.Overthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavinghomeeachyeartostudyabroadhasgrownatanannualrateof3.9percent,from800,000in1975to2.5millionin2004.Mosttravelfromonedevelopednationtoanother,buttheflowfromdevelotodevelopedcountriesisgrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdevelopedtodevelocountries,isontherise,too.Todayforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedoctoraldegreesawardedintheUnitedStatesand38percentofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmerica’sbestinstitutionsand10percentofallundergraduatesintheU.K.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born,andinChinamanynewlyhiredfacultymembersatthetopresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroad.Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheirundergraduateyearsinanothercountry.InEurope,morethan140,000studentsparticipateintheErasmusprogrameachyear,takingcoursesforcreditinoneof2,200participatinginstitutionsacrossthecontinent.AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelplacestudentsinsummerinternships(實習)abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.YaleandHarvardhaveledtheway,offeringeveryundergraduateatleastoneinternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity—andprovidingthefinancialresourcestomakeitofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocusedonthegeneticsofhumandiseaseatShanghai’sFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfacultycolleaguesfrombothschools.TheShanghaicenterhas95employeesandgraduatestudentsworkingina4,300-square-meterlaboratoryfacility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvisitregularlyandattendconferenceseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses.Thearrangementbenefitsbothcountries;Xu’sYalelabismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinChina,andChinesegraduatestudents,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtrainingfromworld-classscientistandhisU.S.Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStateshasconsistentlyledtheworldinmercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetinfrastructure(基礎設施)andapplicationssoftwareofsometimeshighlyvisible:SiliconValleywasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity,andRoute128outsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Aroundworld,ernmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinEngland,whereandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotechnologycompanieshavesetupshoparoundtheuniversity.Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremainsdeeplyhesitantaboutsustainingnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostground e,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyas ingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation’swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreaten petitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograsforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand—likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory—strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStateseambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished(珍視)valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityas internationaluniversitystudents.注意:2Americanuniversitiespreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalcareersbygivingthemchancesforinternationalstudyorinternship.Sincethemid-1970s,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreasedatanannualrateof3.9TheenrollmentofinternationalstudentswillhaveapositiveimpactonAmericaratherthanthreatenitscompetitiveness.ThewayresearchiscarriedoutinuniversitieshaschangedasaresultofOfthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringintheUnitedStates,twentypercentcomefromforeigncountries.ThenumberofforeignstudentsapplyingtoU.S.universitiesdecreasedsharplyafterSeptember11duetochangesinthevisaprocess.TheU.S.federalfundingforresearchhasbeenunsteadyforAroundtheworld,ernmencouragethemodeloflinkinguniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplication.Present-dayuniversities eapowerfulforceforglobalWhenforeignstudentsleaveAmerica,theywillbringAmericanvaluesbacktotheirSectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingGlobalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,yzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition()andheat-relatedButevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.ItprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoublebyRogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum'sreportwas"amethodologicalembarrassment"becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerable(易受的)regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat"climatechangeisanproblemrequiringourutmostattention.Butthereporthesaid,willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed(有瑕疵的)."However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trapgases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothe注意:2WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianRatesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalGlobaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicMalnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorEconomictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturalWhatdowelearnabouttheForum'sreportfromtheItcausedabigstirindeveloItwaswarmlyreceivedbyItarousedalotofinterestinthescientificItwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskWhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum'sItsstatisticslookItdeservesourclosestItisinvalidintermsofItsconclusionispurposelyWhatisSorenAndreasen'sviewoftheItsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollectedItisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.D)Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenHowhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbeHowrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimateHowemissionsofheat-trapgasescanbereducedonaglobalHowrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalPassageQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingIt'sanannualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloff,andwehavenosavingstosaveus.Isayyouonlyliveonceandweworkhardandwhat'sthepointifyoucan'tgoonholiday.Thejoyofarecessionmeansnoargumentnextyear–wejustwon'tgo.Sincemoneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.Formanyfamiliestherecessionmeansmorethannotbookingaholiday.AYoupollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecause–financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemorebutmakesplittinguplessaffordable.Arecentresearchshowsargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.Disputeswerecharacterisedbyintenseverbal(言語上的)aggression,tendedtoberepeatedandnotresolved,andmademen,morethanwomen,extremelyangry.KimStephenson,anoccupationalpsychologist,believesmoneyissuchabigdealbecauseofwhatitsymbolises,whiaybedifferentthingstomenandwomen."Peoplecansaythesamethingsaboutmoneybuthavedifferentideasofwhatit'sfor,"heexplains."They'llsayit'stosave,tospend,forsecurity,forfreedom,toshowsomeoneyoulovethem."Hesaysmenaremorelikelytoseemoneyasawayofbuyingstatusandofshowingtheirparentsthatthey'veachievedsomething."Thebiggestproblemisthatcouplesassumeeachotherknowswhat'sgoingonwiththeirfinances,buttheydon't.Thereseemstobemoreofataboo()abouttalkingaboutmoneythanaboutdeath.Butyoubothneedtoknowwhatyou'reng,who'spayingwhatintothejointaccountandhowmuchyoukeepseparay.Inahealthyrelationship,youdon'thavetoagreeaboutmoney,butyouhavetotalkaboutit."注意:2WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutPeopleenjoyitallthemoreduringaFewpeoplecanafforditwithoutworkingItisthechiefcauseoffamilyItmakesallthehardworkWhatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"moneyisknown...tobringarelationshiptoitsknees"(Lines1-2,Para.2)?MoneyisconsideredtobetherootofallDisputesovermoneymayruinaFewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofSomepeoplesacrificetheirdignityforTheYoupollof2,000peopleindicatesthatinarecession couplesshowmoreconcernforeachitismoreexpensiveforcouplestosplitsbetweencouplestendtodivorceandseparationratesWhatdoesKimStephensonMenandwomenviewmoneyindifferentMoneyisoftenasymbolofa'sMenandwomenspendmoneyondifferentMoneymeansagreatdealtobothmenandTheauthorsuggestsatofthepassagethatcouplesshould puttheirmoneytogetherinsteadofkeeitseparadiscussmoneymatterstomaintainahealthymakeeffortstoreachagreementontheirfamilyavoidarguingaboutmoneymatterstoremainromanticPartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.剪紙(papercutting)最為流行的傳統(tǒng)民間藝術形式之一。中國剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史,在明朝和清朝時期(theMingandQingDynasties),剪紙被,以增加喜慶的氣氛。剪紙最常用的顏色是紅色,注意:2參考答PartIIListening1.D2.C3.D4.C6.C7.A8.D9.B10.11.A12.B13.C14.A15.Section16.D17.B18.C19.A20.21.C22.A23.B24.D25.SectionfiguringthingsinteractingtryingitPartE37.C38.O39.H40.41.N42.J43.K44.I45.Section46.D47.C48.I49.E50.51.H52.G53.F54.A55.Section56.A57.D58.C59.D60.61.D62.B63.C64.A65.PartIVPapercuttingisoneofChina’smostpopulartraditionalfolkarts.Chinesepapercuttinghasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.ItwaswidespreadparticularlyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Peopleoftenbeautifytheirhomeswithpapercuttings.DuringtheSpringFestivalandweddingcelebrations,inparticular,papercuttingsareusedtodecoratedoors,windowsandroomsinordertoenhancethejoyousatmosphere.Thecolormostfrequentlyusedinpapercuttingisred,whichsymbolizeshealthandprosperity.Chinesepapercuttingisverypopulararoundtheworldanditisoftengivenasapresenttoforeignfriends.TapeScriptofListeningComprehensionInthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.DuringtheThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.M:FinallyI'vegotthechancetoputonmynewsuittonight.Ihopetomakeagoodimpressiononyourfamily.W:Comeon,it'sonlyafamilyreunion.SojeansandT-shirtsarejustfine.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?W:Fromhere,themountainslookasifyoucouldjustreachoutandtouchthem.M:That'swhyIchosethislodge.IthasoneofthebestviewsinSwitzerland.Q:Whatistheman'schiefconsiderationinchoosingtheM:Miss,canIinterestyouintheporkspecialwe'reservingtonight?It'sonly$7.99,halfprice,andit'sverytasty.W:Oh,really?I'lltryit.Q:WhatdoesthemansayabouttheW:Thiscrazybusschedulehasgotmecompleyconfused.Ican'tfigureoutwhenmybustoClevelandleaves.M:Whydon'tyoujustgototheticketwindowandask?Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?likethat.W:Oh,thatpoorguy!HereallyshouldshavehimselfeveryotherdayatleastandputonsomethingQ:WhatdowelearnaboutM:Whydidn'tyoustopwhenwefirstsignaledyouatthecrossroads?W:Sorry,Iwasjustabitabsent-minded.Anyway,havetopayafine?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?W:Myhandstillhurtsfromthefallontheiceyesterday.IwonderifIbrokeQ:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?M:Ireallycan'tstandthewayDavidcontrolstheconversationallthetime.Ifhe'sgoingtobeatyourChristmasparty,Ijustwon'tcome.W:I'msorryyoufeelthatway,butmymotherinsiststhathecome.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?ConversationM:o,ProfessorW:o,Tony.SowhatshallweworkonM:Well,theproblemisthatthiswritingassignmentisn'tcomingoutright.WhatIthoughtIwaswritingonwastotalkaboutwhataparticularsportmeanstome—oneIparticipatein.W:WhatsportdidyouM:Idecidedtowriteaboutcross-countryskiing.W:Whatareyougoingtosayaboutskiing?M:That'stheproblem.IthoughtIwouldwriteabouthowpeacefulitistobeoutinthecountry.W:Sowhyisthataproblem?M:AsIstartdescribinghowquietitistobeoutinthewoods,Ikeepmentioninghowmucheffortittakestokeepgoing.Cross-countryskiingisn'taseasyassomepeoplethink.Ittakesalotofenergy.Butthat'snotpartofmypaper,soIguessIshouldleaveitout.ButnowIdon'tknowhowtoexplainthatfeelingofpeacefulnesswithoutexplaininghowhardyouhavetoworkforit.ItallfitsIt'snotlikejustsittingdownsomewhereandwatchingthecloudsrollby.That'sW:Thenyou'llhavetoincludethatinyourpoint.Thepeacefulnessofcross-countryskiingisthekindyouearnbyeffort.Whyleavethatout?Partofyourpointyouknewbeforehand,butpartyoudiscoveredasyouwrote.That'scommon,right?M:Yeah,IguesssoQuestions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustWhatisthetopicoftheman'swritingWhatproblemdoesthemanhavewhileworkingonhispaper?11.Whatdoesthewomansayiscommoninwritingpapers?ConversationW:Goodevening,and etothisweek's"BusinessWorld,"theprogramforandaboutbusinesspeople.TonightwehaveMr.StevenKanewhohasjusttakenoveranestablishedbicycleshop.lus,Mr.Kane,whatmadeyouwanttorunyourownstore?M:Well,I'vealwayslovedracingbikesandfixingthem.WhenIwasworkingfull-timeasasalesmanforabigcompany,Iseldomhadtimetoenjoymyhobby.IknewthenthatassoonasIhadenoughmoneytogetmyownbusinessgoing,I'dt.Ihadmyheartsetonit,andIdidn'tletanythingstandinmyway.WhenIwentdowntothebankandgotabusinessloan,IknewI'dlovebeingmyownboss.Nowmytimeismyown.IopenthestorewhenIwantandleavewhenIwant.W:Youmeanyoudon'tkeepregularM:Well,thesignonmystoresaysthehoursare10:00to6:00,butifbusinessisslowerthanusual,Icanjustlockupandtakeoffearly.W:HaveyouhiredanyemployeestoworkwithyouM:Yeah,acoupleoffriendsofminewholovebikingasmuchasIdo.Theyhelpmeoutafewdaysaweek.It'sgreatbecause...weplaycardsorjustsitaroundandtalkwhenthere'renocustomers.W:Thankyou,Mr.Kane.Wewishyousuccessinyournewbusiness.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustWhatisthewomanWhatdidMr.Kanedobeforehetookoverthebicycleshop?14.Whydidthemantakeoverabicycleshop?WhatdowelearnaboutthepeopleworkingintheSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Atofeachhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageIfirstmetJoeGanswhenwewerebothnineyearsold,whichisprobablytheonlyreasonhe'soneofmybestfriends.IfIhadfirstmetJoeasafreshmaninhighschool,wewouldn'tevenhavehadthechancetogettoknoweachother.Joeisadaystudent,butIamaboardingstudent.Wehaven'tbeeninthesameclasses,sports,orextracurricularactivities.Nonetheless,Ispendnearlyeveryweekendathishouseandwetalkonthephoneeverynight.Thiswewouldnothavebeenlikelytospendenoughtimegettingtoknoweachotherduetothelackofimmediayvisiblemutualinterests.Infact,tobehonest,Istruggleevennowtothinkofthingswehaveincommon.Butmaybethat'swhatmakesusenjoyeachother'scompanysomuch.WhenIlookatmyfriendshipwithJoe,IwonderhowmanypeopleI'veknownwhomIneverdisliked,butsimplydidn'ttakethetimetogettoknow.ThankstoJoe,Ihaverealizedhowlittlebasisthereisforthesocialdivisionsthatexistineverycommunity.Sincethisrealization,Ihavebeguntomakeanevenmoredeterminedefforttofindfriendsinunexpectedpeopleandplaces.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustWhydoesthespeakersayJoeGansbecameoneofhisbestfriends?17.Wheredoesthespeakerspendmostofhisweekends?Whathasthespeakerlearnedfromhisfriends