滾輪架畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)

洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）謝辭在本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)《小噸位自調(diào)式焊接滾輪架機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)》過(guò)程中，指導(dǎo)老師閆紅彥老師給予了極大的幫助，耐心的給我講解滾輪架的工作原理，推薦了非常實(shí)用的相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)資料，并修改不合理的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此我才逐漸的有了設(shè)計(jì)思路并完成該滾輪架的設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)此，我表示衷心的感謝！設(shè)計(jì)之初，崔琦老師，張立峰老師辛苦的帶著同學(xué)們?nèi)ギ厴I(yè)實(shí)習(xí)，我在實(shí)習(xí)過(guò)程中見(jiàn)到了滾輪架，使我對(duì)滾輪架有了比較直觀的認(rèn)識(shí)，對(duì)我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)有較大的幫助，所以非常感謝老師的辛苦！另外，在焊接滾輪架的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中用到了各種相關(guān)知識(shí)，所以也要感謝我本科四年來(lái)所有教我的老師！在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中同學(xué)們也給我了許多建議，幫助我解決了很多問(wèn)題，對(duì)此，向同學(xué)們致以謝意！參考文獻(xiàn)王政.焊接工裝夾具及變位機(jī)械 ?北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2001陸文滔.焊接胎夾具設(shè)計(jì)?焊接技術(shù).1994.1.40~41[3]張龍.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)（第一版）.北京.國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社.2006[4]方洪淵.焊接結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué).北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2008.4（2010.9重印）管道焊接技術(shù)?顧紀(jì)清?陽(yáng)代軍主編.北京?化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2005焊接冶金學(xué)（基本原理） /張文鉞編著?北京.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.1996焊接冶金學(xué)?材料焊接性/李亞江主編.北京.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2006焊接結(jié)構(gòu)生產(chǎn)及設(shè)備/周浩森主編.北京.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.1999機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)/楊可楨等主編.5版北京.高等教育出版社.2006吳宗澤.羅圣國(guó)主編.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)課程設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè).3版.北京.高等教育出版社.2006王純?cè)斨骶?焊接工裝夾具設(shè)計(jì).化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社.2011王政編著.焊接工裝夾具及變位機(jī)械性能設(shè)計(jì)選用 .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2008清華大學(xué)吳宗澤羅圣國(guó).機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)課程設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè).北京科技大學(xué).2009江煥中.焊接方法與設(shè)備.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.1998楊峰.Pro/E曲面設(shè)計(jì)技巧與實(shí)例.北京.中國(guó)鐵道出版社.2002林清安.Pro/E2001零件設(shè)計(jì)與工程圖.北京.2002甘永立主編.幾何量公差與檢測(cè).上海.上?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社.2005方昆凡主編.公差與配合技術(shù)手冊(cè).北京.北京出版社.1999李慶華主編.材料力學(xué).第二版.成都.西南交通大學(xué)出版社.2002成大先主編.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè).第四版.北京.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版.2002朱孝錄主編.機(jī)械傳動(dòng)裝置選用手冊(cè) .北京.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版.1999劉艷革.焊接用自調(diào)式滾輪架設(shè)計(jì) ..第2期P103.化工機(jī)械1998孫景榮.實(shí)用焊工手冊(cè).第三版.北京.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社.2007外文資料翻譯EXPERIMENTINTOTHEAXIALDRIFTINGOFAWELDINGROLLERBEDThebasictheoryoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderofawelding rollerbedisintroducedinthepaper,andatthesametimeexperimentandstudyonthemechanismoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderhavebeendoneonanexperimentalmodeloftheweldingrollerbed.Itisshownthatthemaincauseoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderliesintheexisteneeofaspiralanglebetweenthecylinderandthecylinderandtheroller.therelativeaxialmotionsbetweentherollerandthecylinderarecomposeofspiralmotion,elasticslidingandfrictionalsliding.Thetheoryofcompatiblemotionandnon-compatiblemotionisputforwardfortheaxialmotionsofthecylinder.therelativeaxialmotionsofthecylinder.Therelativeaxialmotionbetweentherollersandthecylinderiscoordinatedbyelasticslidingandfrictionalslidingbetweenthem.Inweldingproduction,theassemblyandcircularseamweldingofrotarywork-pieces,suchasaboiler,apetrochemicalpressurevesselandsoon,areconductedon;aweldingrollerbed.WhenrotatingOnaweldingrollerbed.Thecylinderwillinevitablyproduceaxialdriftingduetomanufacturing,assemblingtoleraneeoftheweldingrollerbedandthecylinder'surfaceirregularity(divergingfro-manidealrotarywork-piece),thustheweldingproceduremaynotbecarriedoutsuccessfully.Itisnecessary,therefore,tostudythemechanismoftheaxialdriftingofthecylindertosolvetheproblemoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderincircumferentialwelding.Theresultsoftheresearchwillbenefitthestudyinganddesigningofanti-driftingweldingrollerbed.especiallytheanalysisoftheappliedforcesonthebed,andleadtodeterminingthemanufacturingandassemblingtoleraneeofthebed,andprovidingthebasisoftheoryforthemechanicaladjusting modetoavoidaxialdrifting,theadjustingmodeofclosedcircuitinthecontrolcircuit,andtheselectionoftheadjustingvalue.Aweldingrollerbedisgenerallycomposedoffourrollers.Drivenbythedrivingroller,thecylindermakesarotaryuniformmotionarounditsaxis(showninFig.1),duringwhichthecircumferentialweldingprocedureiscarriedout InFig.1,aisthecentralangle,Sisthesupportingdistanee,Listhespanoftheroller.andV,isthecircularlinearvelocityofthecylinder,alsonamedtheweldingvelocitytoo.brivini;roher rolkr卜i當(dāng)】Welding bedandcykndcfTheaxisofthecylinderwillbenotparalleltothatofarolleriftherollerisdeflectedbyacertainanglefromthedealposition,orifthecentersofthefourrollerslieintheverticalofasimplequadrilateral,orifthecentersofthefourrollersarenotonthesameplane,orifthecirca-laxityofthecylinderisirregularbecauseofdeviationinmanufacturingandassembling.Thus.thecylinderwillinevitabilitymovealongitsaxiswhenrotatingonabedthecontactofthecylinderandarollercanbeconsideredaspointcontactifcylindersaxisandroller 'saxisdonotlieinsameplane.SupposePisthepointofcontact.thecylinder'normalplaneAisdefinedbytheplaneonwhicharethecylinder'saxisandgenerationnacrossthepointoftangentonthecylinder(showninfig2)makecylinder 'stangentplaneBacrosspointP.Thus,planeAisverticaltoplaneB.LCisacylinder'tangentacrossPandliesinplaneB.Iristheroller tangentsicrossthesamepointP,andliesinplaneBalso.Ingeneral,0diefinedastheaxialdeviationanglebetweentheroll!er'saaisdthecylinder'asis;pisdefinedasthespiralanglebetweengenerationnandm.aprotectivelineobtainedbyprojectingtheroller'sgenerationmacrosspointponplane:andYsdefinedastheprotectiveangle

betweennandm,aprotectivelineobtainedbyprojectingmonplaneA.Fig.3indicatesthattherela-relationshipamongthethree anglesistan：=tan2r?tan2InFig.3,SB,SBandSy,arecalledthespiraldisplace-mentvector,theaxialdeviationdisplacementvectorandtheprotectivedisplacementvectorrespectively.theirrelationshipbeing:S：2=S為S2Fig.2GeometricrelationshipbetweenthecylindeFig.3RelationshipbetweentheanglevectorFig.4ComponentofaxialvelocityFig.2GeometricrelationshipbetweenthecylindeFig.3RelationshipbetweentheanglevectorFig.4ComponentofaxialvelocityBecausetheroller'saxisisnotparalleltothecylinderentralline,thereBecausetherollerisaspiralangleBbetweenVr,.andVc,onthepointofcontact(showninFig.2).Whentherollerandcylinderrotatesynchronisticallyaroundtheirownaxes,driven bytangentialfrictionalforce.aspiraleffectwilloccurbecauseofthedifferentlinearvelocitydirectionbetweentherollerandthecylinderatpointPofcontactThe cylinderhasacomponentofaxialvelocity.V列=Vc?tan：ix/pwhereVcisthecircularlinearvelocityofthecylinder. Vajisthecylinder'saxialcomponentvelocityexertedbysinglerolle.Becauseoftheexisteneeofaspiralangle,anaxialforceFajactsoncylinder. When theforceislessthanthemaximumaxialfrictionalforcefNj(wherefisthefrictionfactor,andNjisthenormalpressurebetweenasinglerollerandthecylinder),thecylinderwillslideelasticallyovertherolleralongtheaxial direction[2~3] Thecomponentoftheslidingvelocityise eFajVcajfNjwhereeistheelasticslidingfactorformetallicroller.e=0.001~0.005.WhenFajisgreaterthanthemaximumfrictionalforcefNj,thecylinderwillmakea frictionalslidingovertheroller.TheslidingresistaneeisfNj[3].ThecomponentofthefrictionalslidingvelocityonCylinderisVajthemagnitudeanddirectionofwhichcanbedeterminedbytheuniversalrelationshipbetweenthecylinderandthefourrollersFrictionalslidingwillleadtothewearandtearofthesurfaceoftheylinderandtherollers.whichisunexpectedinweldingproductionWhenthecylinderdrifts,abovethreekindsofmotiondonotoccursimultaneously‘Therefore.theaxialdriftingvelocityofthecylinderisnotthealgebraicsumofthethreecomponentsofvelocityInthecaseofelastic sliding,theaxialvelocityis.Underidealconditions,whenspiralanglesBjbetweenthecylinderandthefourrollersareallthesame,thatis:|】'1=-2--3='■4thecylinderwillmoveitscompatiblespiralmotion.Twocategoriescanbeclassifiedtoanalyzetheaxialmotionofthecylinder:gravity.thecgravity.thecWhentheredoesnotexistanaxialcomponentduetoylinder'axialdriftingvelocityis:Va=Vc*tanBWhenthereexistsanaxialcomponent ofgravityGathereexistsanaxialforce onthecylinder.Now,theaxialforcesexertedonthefourrollershavethesamedirectionalAndmagnitude,thevaluebeingequaltoGathecomponentofspiralvelocity,thereexistcomponentofelasticonthecylinderthecylinder'saxialdriftingvelocityiseGaVcVa=fNjIngeneral.spiralangles Bjbetweenthecylinderandthefourrollersarenotequaltoeachotherinsizeanddirection.i.e.thegeometricrelationshipsbetweenthecylinderandthefourrollersareallinconsistentTherefore,thecomponentsofthecylinder 'saxialveloagainstfourrollers(i.eVc*taBj)arenotidenticaltoeachanother.ThecylinderwillmovewithaxialcompatiblemotionTheaxialvelocitiesofthecylinderagainst thefourrollersshouldbethesamebecausethecylinderisconsideredasarigidbodyasawholeandithasonlyoneaxialvelocity.However.forsomeroller,Vc.tanBjandthecylinder'srealaxialvelocityarenotlikelytobethesame,soanaxialfrictionalforcealmostcertainlyappearsbetweenthisrollerandthecylinderThefollowingtwocategoriescanbeclassifiedtodiscussthenon-compatibleaxialmotionofthecylinderaccordingtoThefrictionalforcemagnitude:WhentheaxialfrictionalforceserectedbyeachrollerandthecylinderarealllessthanthemaximumaxialtheactionofthecylinderagainstthefrictionalforcetheactionofthecylinderagainsttherollersproduceselasticslidingTheaxialmotionbetweenanindividualrollerandthecylinderis

coordinatedbytheirelasticslidingVa?Sj竺空f(shuō)Njwhentheaxialvelocity ofthecylinderisconstant,thealgebraicsumofsaxialforceserectedbyfourrollersshouldbezeroiftheaxialcomponentofgravityisignored.i.e.4cylinder、'Faj=0j=1andthereisaccordingtotheabovetwoeFajVcomponentofgravityisignored.i.e.4cylinder、'Faj=0j=1andthereisaccordingtotheabovetwoeFajVcfNjfNjj占Faj=0equations,theaxialdriftingvelocityofthe1 4Va V'tan-4j-Where0.25刀TanBtepresentstheintrinsicattributesofthewelding.Otherbedundertheconditionthatonlythecylinderagainstallrollsproduceselasticslidingthismaybecalledthespiralrateofthecylinder'sspiralmotionWhentheaxialfrictionalforceerectedbysomerollerandthecylinderisgreaterthanthemaximumaxialfrictionalforce,frictional slidingoccursbetweenthecylinderandthisrollerThen.themaximumaxialforceisactingonthebearingoftheroller,itsvaluebeingFfmax二fFNfmaxBecauseoftheexisteneeofthisfrictionalsliding.theAxialmotionbetweenanindividualrollerandthecylinderisnotcoordinatedbytheirelasticsliding.Nowtheaxialnon-compatiblemotionofthecylinderisdeterminedbytherelativerelationshipsbetweenthecylinderandthefourrollers.Itisdifficulttowriteageneralcompatibleequationofthecylinder'saxialdriftingvelocitybecausethiskindofconditionisverycomplex.Thefollowingisfurtheranalysisanddiscussionoftheproblem.Atfirst,foreaseinanalyzingproblem,thespiral angleaverageisdefinedas—14一丄—j4j4andtherelativespiralangleas匚=：t--Arrange,B1ntheorderfrombigtosmallandthenfrompositivetonegative,expressedasB(j).thenB1>B2>B3>B4Similarly,thenormalforcebetweenthecylinderandarollercanbeexpressedasN(j).andtheaxialforceasFj<fNjIngeneral,theaxialmotionofthecylinderdeterminedbythespiralangleaverageBisdefineasthecompatiblecomponentoftheaxialmotion,isvelocitybeing.Theaxialmotionofthecylinderdeterminedbytherelativespiralangle Bjisdefinedasthenon-compatiblecomponentofaxialmotion,itsvelocitybeingexpressedasVa\nAnalysisshowsthatVa''isdeterminedbytheequilibrium conditionthefourrolleraxialforceswhenthecylindermovesalongaxialdirectionataconstantvelocity.wherenottaking intoaccountofthefunctionofgravity'axialcomponent.Supposingthatthecylindermakesanon-compatiblecomponentofaxialmotionwiththemaximumrelativespiralangleB(I).itsvelocityisVan=Vc?taniThenthefouraxialforcescannotbeinequilibriumF1-(F2+F3+F4)<0Becausethereislittlediffereneeamongfournormal