Lesson 8 A famous monastery（著名的修道院）課文翻譯和知識(shí)點(diǎn)-新概念第三冊(cè)

Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperaturedropsto-30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.Themonkspreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.參考譯文圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利，海拔2，473米，是歐洲最高的山口。11世紀(jì)建造的著名的圣伯納德修道院位于離山口1英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。幾百年來(lái)，圣伯納德修道院馴養(yǎng)的狗拯救了許多翻越這道山口的旅游者的生命。這些最先從亞洲引進(jìn)的狗，待人友好，早在羅馬時(shí)代就給人當(dāng)看門狗了。如今由于在山里開挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危險(xiǎn)了。但每年還要派狗到雪地里去幫助那些遇到困難的旅游者。盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險(xiǎn)徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。夏天的幾個(gè)月里，修道院十分忙碌，因?yàn)橛谐汕先f(wàn)的人駕車通過山口，順道來(lái)修道院參觀。由于來(lái)人太多，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。氣溫下降到零下30度，試圖跨越山口的人寥寥無(wú)幾。修道士們喜歡冬天，而不太喜歡夏天。因?yàn)樵诙?，他們可以更多地過上無(wú)人打擾的生活。狗也比較自由，被放出圍欄，四處遛達(dá)。冬天常來(lái)修道院參觀的只有一批批滑雪者。他們?cè)谑フQ節(jié)或復(fù)活節(jié)到那兒去。這些熱愛高山清靜環(huán)境的年輕人每年都受到圣伯納德修道院的熱烈歡迎。一、單詞講解Newwordsandexpressionsmonastery['m?n?st?ri]n．寺院，修道院St.Bernard圣伯納德pass[pɑ:s]n.關(guān)隘watchdog['w?t?d?:g]n.看門狗rashly['r??li]adv.莽撞地，冒失地enclosure[in'kl?u??]n.圍場(chǎng)，圈地monk[m??k]n.和尚，僧侶privacy['praiv?si]n.清靜，隱居skier['ski:?]n.滑雪者Easter['i:st?]n.復(fù)活節(jié)monasteryn.男修道院（asacredbuildingwheremonkslive)monk僧侶convent:asacredbuildingwherenunslive女修道院nun修女，尼姑SoundofMusicSisterMaria《修女也瘋狂》SisterActBrother和尚Judaism猶太教Buddhism：it'sareligionofeastandcentralAsia.佛教Catholicism羅馬天主教RomanCatholicismChristianity基督教Islam伊斯蘭教Hinduism印度教Confucianism儒家思想，孔教（Confucius孔子）St.1)Saint圣人Culturebackgroundnotes:Saintvalentine'sDay(February14th)Peoplewillsendaspecialcard,flowersesp.redrosestosomeonetheylovebutwithoutsayingwhotheyare.2)strait海峽TaiwanStrait3)street馬路，道路WallStreet華爾街BackgroundnotesWallStreetisinflewYork,famousasstockmarketwhichisthemostimportantfinancialcenterinAmerica.AndactuallyManhattanisthebusinesscenterofNewYorkCity,butofcourse,thebusinessareaismainlyonWallStreetatthesouthernendofManhattanwheretheNewYorkStockExchangeandtheWorldTradeCenterarelocated.Passn.1)aroadorpathwhichgoesthrough(通行的）路2)aplacethatisdifficulttocross關(guān)隘，山隘cometoaprettypass陷入困境cometoafinepasscometoanicepass對(duì)頂修飾adeadliving雖生猶死alivingdeath 雖死猶生Shakespeare:RomeoandJulieteg.Partingissuchasweetsorrow.離別是如此甜蜜的傷心。Rashadj.匆忙的，草率的makerashdecisions匆忙的決定eg.Don'tmakerashdecisionsaboutyourfuture,takeitseriously.perfunctoryadj.草率的，敷衍的eg.Youshouldneverbeperfunctoryaboutyourwork.eg.Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速則不達(dá)Enclosev.圍起來(lái)en-動(dòng)詞前綴，使該動(dòng)作發(fā)生。eg.Themountainswereenclosedinmist.wrap:putcloth,paperaroundsb/sthbewrappedupwith/insth(givetoomuchattentionto)eg.Mr.Kramerhasbeensowrappedupwithhiscareerthathehasnotimetotakecareofhisfamily.eg.BewrappedupinEnglish!Privacyn.隱私；清靜eg.Idon'twantmyprivacytobedisturbed.eg.Youmaynotenjoyprivacyinabusycity.Eastern.復(fù)活節(jié)AChristianholidayinMarchorAprilwhenChristiansrememberthedeathofChristandhisreturntolife.It'sonlyinferiortoChristmasforChristians.二、課文講解TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.connectv.連接（萬(wàn)能）eg.TaiwanStraitconnectsmainlandtoTaiwan.contactn./v.與人聯(lián)系keepincontactwithsbrelatev.聯(lián)系（抽象）eg.Theriseincrimesrelatescloselytotheincreaseinunemployment.linkv.鏈接；與…相關(guān)eg.Fluislinkedtovirus.Switzerlandn.瑞士（acountryinwesternEuropeknownforbeinganeutralcountry)Swedenn.瑞典（acountryinScandinavia)At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.…whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury…foundv.建立（正式）eg.UnitedNationswasfoundedin1945.establish:tostartacompanyororganizationeg.RockefellerestablishedthestandardOilCompanyin1870.constructv.構(gòu)造constructabridgebuildv.buildahousebuildacomputerbuildup增強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)buildupenergy增強(qiáng)體力buildupcredit樹立信譽(yù)Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravelerscrossingthedangerousPass.savethelivesHowtosavelife:Don'tkillme!(×)Pleasesavemylife.（×）Help!（fallintoariver)Spareme!繞過我吧!Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.watchdog看門小狗（adogtowatch);監(jiān)督部門papertigermothertigerNowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,…Nowthat既然，由于因果關(guān)系是所有邏輯關(guān)系里最重要的。eg.Nowthatithasbeenquitedarkoutside,youmayaswellstay.(mayaswell不如就…不妨就…）表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)：dueto(書面語(yǔ)）eg.Duetotheheavysnow,Iwasfirmlystuckontheroadfor2hours.becauseof(口語(yǔ))owingto(只用于句首）eg.Owingtoherhelpandkindness,Ifinallyweatheredthestorm.thanksto(onlyusedtoexplainwhyorhowsthgoodhashappened)eg.Thankstomybelovedmother,I'vegotwhereIamtoday.thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.buteachyear,…語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)識(shí)詞butdespitehoweverneverthelessinspiteof表示前后句的邏輯發(fā)展是互相矛盾的。eg.Thepassislessdangerous,butdogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravelerisindifficulty.whenever:ifever每當(dāng)，每逢eg.Wheneveryouareintrouble,justletmeknow.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.attempttodo企圖（書面語(yǔ)）（totrytodosththatisdifficultordangerous)trytodo試著（口語(yǔ)）tempt引誘eg.Whenyou'retempted,you'llattempt.onfootbycarbyboatbytrainbyplanebylandbyseabyairincarsonhisbicycleDuringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.duringthesummermonthsduringthewintermonthseg.Ifthewintercomes,canspringbefarbehind.Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.withsomanypeopleabout,…quitedifferenttotallydifferent承上啟下的過渡句Thetemperaturedropsto-300andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.dropto(temperature,price)eg.Thepricedropstoonlyhalfasmuchasitusedto.falltodeclinev./n.(quantity)adeclineinbirthratedescendv.(height)eg.Aplanedescends.Themonkspreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.regularvisitor(造訪）?？蛂egularpilgrim朝圣地香客regularcustomer（光顧）熟客regulararmy正規(guī)軍regularlawyer職業(yè)律師Theonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskiers…party一群，一批量詞在某種程度上描述了被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征，帶有褒義或貶義的感情色彩。apartyofvisitors一群造訪者ahostoffriends一群狐朋狗友a(bǔ)communityofmonks(聚居）一群僧侶abevyofyoungwomen(bevy盡用來(lái)描述女性）anoddcollectionofpeople一群怪人afloodofrefugees一群難民agalaxyofbeauties一群美女Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.receiveawarmwelcome受到熱烈歡迎extendawarmwelcome表示熱烈歡迎awarmwelcome三、Review1.TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.connectv.連接（萬(wàn)能）eg.TaiwanStraitconnectsmainlandtoTaiwan.contactn./v.與人聯(lián)系keepincontactwithsbrelatev.聯(lián)系（抽象）eg.Theriseincrimesrelatescloselytotheincreaseinunemployment.linkv.鏈接；與…相關(guān)eg.Fluislinkedtovirus.2.Nowthatanewtunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous.Nowthat既然，由于因果關(guān)系是所有邏輯關(guān)系里最重要的。eg.Nowthatithasbeenquitedarkoutside,youmayaswellstay.dueto（書面語(yǔ)）eg.Duetotheheavysnow,Iwasfirmlystuckontheroadfor2hours.becauseof（口語(yǔ)）owingto（只用于句首）eg.Owingtoherhelpandkindness,Ifinallyweatheredthestorm.thankstoeg.Thankstomybelovedmother,I'vegotwhereIamtoday.3.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.party一群，一批量詞在某種程度上描述了被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征，帶有褒義或貶義的感情色彩。apartyofvisitors一群造訪者ahostoffriends一群狐朋狗友a(bǔ)communityofmonks（聚居）一群僧侶abevyofyoungwomenanoddcollectionofpeople一群怪人afloodofrefugeesagalaxyofbeauties4.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysbutreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.receiveawarmwelcomeextendawarmwelcomeawarmwelcome四、Idiom1.Thatwasthen,Thisisnow.此一時(shí)，彼一時(shí)。2.Suchthingscomeandgo.勝敗乃兵家之常事