遼寧省丹東市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

丹東市2021--2022學(xué)年度下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:10.B.9:50.C.10:00.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’snice.B.It’swarm.C.It’scold.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Attendameeting.B.Givealecture.C.Leavehisoffice.4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Speaklouder.B.Apologizetoher.C.Turnofftheradio.聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?A.Fivedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?A.Russia.B.Norway.C.India.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?A.Chicken.B.Fish.C.Eggs.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Goshopping.C.Orderdishes.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.11.Whenisthereportdue?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?A.Improveit.B.Handitinlater.C.Leaveitwithhim.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Homeownerandcleaner.C.Husbandandwife.14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A.Onewithtwobedrooms.B.Onewithoutfurniture.C.Onenearamarket.15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheone-bedroomapartment?A.$350.B.$400.C.$415.16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A.OnLakeStreet.B.OnMarketStreet.C.OnSouthStreet.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters.B.Teaexporters.C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）ALearntoreadinjustweekswithReadingEggs!ReadingEggsisthemultiaward-winningonlinereadingprogramthatmakeslearningtoreadfunforkidsandteenagersaged3-18*,withgreatonlinereadinggamesandactivities.Anditreallyworks!Childrenlovethegames,songs,goldeneggsandotherrewardswhich,alongwithfeelingproudoftheirreading,reallymotivatechildrentokeepexploringandlearning.ProvenReadingResults?√91%ofparentsnoticedanimprovementintheirchild’sreadingabilitysinceusingReadingEggs?√Usedinover12,000schoolsworldwide(andcounting!)?√Developedbyexperteducatorswithover30years’experience?√MoneybackguaranteeWhyChildrenLoveReadingEggs?√120lessons,thousandsofinteractiveactivities,motivatingrewardsandsongs?√Makesreadingfun—kidswanttolearn?√O(píng)neononelessonstomatchyourchild’sability?√Detailedassessmentreportstoshowandrecogniseprogress*ThisagerangewillvarydependingonwhetherthestudentisNativeEnglishspeakingorEnglishisasecondlanguage.OurprogramsYoursubscriptionwillgiveyouaccesstoallourawardwinningprograms.Clickonanimagebelowtolearnmoreabouteachprogram.ReadingEggsAges3-9LearningtoReadChildrenfollowstructured,one?on?onelessonsthatteachphonics,sightwordsandreadingskills.ReadingEggspressAges10-18BuildingConfidenceOlderchildrencancontinuebuildingkeyliteracyskillsthatwillhelpthemsucceedinschool.MathseedsAges3-11LearningMathsNurtureanearlyloveofmathswithstructuredlessonsandactivitiesthatbuildessentialmathsskills.1.WhatisthepurposeofReadingEggs?A.Toimprovethereadingabilityofadults.B.Togivekidsaccesstoallaward-winningprograms.C.Tomakechildrenfollowstructured,one-on-onelessons.D.Tomakekidsandteenagersinterestedinlearningtoread.2.WhatistheconfirmedbenefitsincetakingReadingEggs?A.Detailedassessmentreportscanguaranteeprogress.B.12,000schoolsinthecountryhaveusedtheprogram.C.Mostparentssawariseintheirchild’sreadingability.D.Theprogramcoststoomuchbutitiswortheverypenny.3.Whichprogramwillyouchooseifyouhavea13-year-oldson?A.ProvenReading. B.Mathseeds. C.ReadingEggspress. D.ReadingEggs.BThisistheincrediblemoment:acraftypenguinescapedagroupofhungrykillerwhalesbyLEAPINGintoaZodiacboat(橡皮艇)fulloftourists—tojoyfulapplause.Thewittycreaturewascaughtoncamerarepeatedlyjumpingoutofthewaterinadramaticchasethatcircledthetourboatbeforeitmanagedtoflungitselfaboardandstoodproudlysurroundedbythebeamingholidaymakers.TravelbloggerMattKarstenandhiswifeAnnaweretakingatourthroughicebergsintheGerlacheStrait,Antarctica,whenalargegroupoforcas(虎鯨)swamuptotheirZodiacboat.Theapexpredators(頂級(jí)掠食者)spottedaGentoopenguinswimmingnearbyand,sensingaquicksnack,gavechaseafterthelonelybird,dartingbetweenthetouristboatsastheirwould-be-victimtriedtogivethemtheslip.Heart-stoppingfootageshowsthepenguinrepeatedlyjumpingoutoftheicywaterwiththekillerwhalesinclosepursuitasthehuntdoesloopsaroundtheboats.Suddenlythepenguinmakesabidtogetintooneoftheboatsbutlandsjustshortandinsteadbouncesoffthesideofthevesselandbackintothesea.Meresecondslater,thepenguinsuccessfullymakesitovertherimoftheboatandishelpedaboardbythetourists—tocheersfromthecrowd.Matt,40,said:“Itwascrazytoseeinperson.ItwaslikewatchingaNationalGeographicepisodeonlocation.Iimaginethepenguinwasveryrelievedtogetaway.”“TheorcasdidfollowtheZodiacboatforawhile.Theydidgiveupintheendleavingthepenguinsafewithhisnewfriends.”“Aftercruisingforalittlebit,thepenguinsaidgoodbyetotheboatandhoppedbackintotheicywater.”4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethispenguin?A.Cuteandkind. B.Lovelyandfriendly.C.Cleverandbrave. D.Aggressiveandfierce.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“would-be-victim”inParagraph4referto?A.Theorcas. B.Theboat. C.Thetourists. D.Thepenguin.6.WhatcanweinferfromMatt’swords?A.Killerwhalesareagroupoffierceanimals.B.Humanbeingsshouldliveinharmonywithanimals.C.Penguinsarealwaysplayingchasinggameswithhumans.D.Mattwasimpressedwiththepenguin’sincrediblesurvival.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.APenguinandKillerWhales.B.ANationalGeographicEpisode.C.PenguinJumpsintoBoattoEscapeKillerWhales.D.AGamebetweenPenguinandTouristsonaBoat.CWeeklyUpdate:June21,2022Decadesago,thelegendaryApollo11,15,and17missionstookonthedaringattemptofbringingmoonsoilbacktoEarthforstudy.TheApolloNextGenerationSampleAnalysis(ANGSA)ProgramhasbeenstudyingthesesamplescarriedbackbytheApollomissions.Andrecently,researchersfromtheUniversityofFloridahavebeenabletosuccessfullygrowplantsinthissoil!Fortheexperiment,researchersplantedseedsofafloweringweedcalledArabidopsis(擬南芥)inlunarsoil.ArabidopsisisaplantcloselyrelatedtosomemorecommonlyknownplantslikeBrusselssprouts(抱子甘藍(lán)).Researchersbeganbyplacingverysmallsamplesoflunarsoilintotubelikecontainers,thenaddedseedsandwater.AcontrolgroupofArabidopsiswasplantedatthesametimebutwasgrowninsoilconsistingofvolcanicashfromEarth.Scientiststhenaddedanutrientsolutiondailytothesamplesandcarefullyobservedforanysignsofchangeorgrowth.Totheresearchers’surprise,withintwodays,theplantsbegantogrowinthelunarsoil!Bythe6thdayoftheexperiment,though,itbecameclearthatthereweredifferencesintherateofgrowthoftheplants.ArabidopsisgrowninlunarsoildevelopedmoreslowlyandgrewtosizesrelativelysmallerthanArabidopsisinthecontrolgroup.Theyalsohadmoreshallowrootsandexhibitedqualitiesthatarenormallynotfoundinhealthyplants.Evenifplantsmustworkextrahardtosustaingrowthonthemoon,theirabilitytotakerootandfloweratallistrulyremarkable.Scientistsplantocontinueresearchingplantgrowthinlunarsoilbychangingplantgenes.ThisnewfounddiscoveryposesamajorstepinNASA’shumanexplorationgoals.Itcouldbeakeyturningpointinunlockingfutureagriculturalinnovationsandimprovingfoodaccessibilityforastronautsindeepspace.8WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Theprocessoftheexperiment.B.Theprinciplesbehindtheexperiment.C.Thepotentialbenefitsoftheexperiment.D.Theconclusiondrawnfromtheexperiment.9.Whichofthefollowingistheresultoftheexperiment?A.ArabidopsisiscloselyrelatedtoBrusselssprouts.B.Arabidopsiscangrowinlunarsoilatanincreasingrate.C.Arabidopsisgrowninlunarsoilisunhealthyforpeopletoeat.D.Arabidopsisgrowninlunarsoilissmallerthanthatinvolcanicash.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothenewfounddiscovery?A.Passive. B.Optimistic. C.Defensive. D.Casual.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Asciencereport. B.Asciencefiction.C.Asciencewebsite. D.Asciencetextbook.DTheEuropeanCommissionhasrecentlyproposedclassifyingnuclearandnaturalgasassustainablesourcesofenergy.TheproposalwillplacethesourcesontheEU’s“green”list.However,theproposalhasalreadydividedmembercountries.France,Hungary,Poland,andRomaniahavesupportedtheproposalasasteppingstonetocleanenergy.MuchofEasternandCentralEuropestilldependsonfossilfuelslikecoalforenergy.Whilerenewableenergysourceslikethewindandsunhavebecomemoreaffordable,technologyhasnotadvancedenoughtostorepowerforlongperiodsoftime.Therefore,animmediatetransition(轉(zhuǎn)變)mightnotbepossibleforEurope.Proponentsoftheproposalagreethatnaturalgasisstillafossilfuel.Nevertheless,itemitslesscarbondioxidethancoalandcouldserveasamoresustainablealternativeduringthetransitiontogreenerenergysources.Nuclearenergyplantsareanotherpromisingenergysourceandreleasewatervaporinsteadofcarbondioxideasaby-product.Becauseofthis,proponentsviewnuclearandnaturalgasas“bridge”sourcesthatcanpavethewaytoalow-carbonfuture.OtherEuropeanmemberstatesareopposingtheproposalforanumberofreasons.Undertheproposal,gaspowerplantslabeled“sustainable”couldemit270gworthofCO2foreachkilowatt-hour(kWh)ofelectricitytheyproduce.Apanelofexpertshascriticizedtheseguidelines,recommendingthatonly100gofCO2perkWhcouldbeconsideredsustainable.Spain,Denmark,andLuxembourghavechargedthattheproposalwoulddistractfromrenewableenergygoals.Germany,along-timeopponent,hasquestionedaboutincludingnuclearpowerinthelist.Nuclearpowerplantsmaybelow-carbon,butthestorageofnuclearwastecontinuestobeanissue.Itisalsocostlytoconstructthemandwoulduseupfinancialresourcesthatcouldbeinvestedinotherrenewableenergies.12.WhatcanweknowabouttheproposalputforwardbytheEuropeanCommissionrecently?A.Itdividessustainablesourcesofenergyintotwocategories.B.Ithasbeencopiedbymanyotherinternationalorganizations.C.ItaimstoputnuclearandnaturalgasontheEU’s“green”list.D.ItissupportedbyallthecountriesinEasternandCentralEurope.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“proponents”?A.Objectors. B.Advocates. C.Competitors. D.Representatives.14.WhydoesGermanydisapproveoftheproposal?A.Becausenuclearwasteisharmfultopeople.B.Becausenuclearenergyisnotsustainableenergy.C.Becausetheproposalwilldistractfromothergoals.D.Becauseitisexpensivetobuildnuclearpowerplants.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetransitionfromwindandsunpower.B.Theadvancesinthetechnologyofstoringpower.C.Thedebateoveraproposalonrenewableenergy.D.TheregulationsoftheEuropeancommission.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）DevelopaSelf-DisciplinedRoutineforOnlineStudyingWhileonlineclassescanbeawonderfulopportunityinabusyworld,theycomewiththeirownchallenges.Withoutanin-personlecture,itcanbehardertostayontopoflearningandclasswork.____16____Setupanappropriatestudyspace.Whatthisiswillvaryabitfrompersontoperson,butitwillhavethefewestdistractions.____17____Besides,avoiddoinganythingotherthanstudyinginthisspace.Thismakesthetransitionintostudyingeasier,sinceyourbrainwillstarttoassociatethatspecificspacewithdoingschoolwork.Schedulestudytime.Itcanbehardtomaketimetostudyifyou’reconstantlywaitingfortherighttime.____18____Itisalsoagoodideatosetanalarmonyourphoneorlaptop.Duringthisperiod,tellyourfamilyandfriendsthatyouneedtostudyforawhile.Ifyouwant,putasignonyourdoortoremindthemyouneedtofocusrightnow.____19____Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.Giveyourselfmoretimethanyouthinkyou’llneed,justincaseyouhaveaproblemyoudidn’tforeseeorabusydayinwhichyoucan’thaveenoughtimetofinishthehomework.Ifyoumissworkorarestrugglingwithfinishingyourhomework,communicatewiththeteacherassoonaspossible.Askquestions.____20____Youmayenjoythebenefitofanonlinecourse,oryoumayhatemissingoutontheclassroominteraction,butthereisnoreasontohaveaquestiongounansweredjustbecauseyouare“homealone”whenthequestionarises.A.Foreseeyourhomework.B.Startearlyonyourassignments.C.Thistoolisuselessifyoudon’trefertoit.D.Keepitclear,exceptforthenecessitiesforyourstudy.E.Instead,setaspecifictimeeverydaytoworkonyourclass.F.Withthefollowingtips,youcandoyourbestandbemoreself-disciplined.G.Theteacherhasnowayofknowingyouareconfused,orneedhelpifyoudonotspeakup.第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）WiththesuccessfullaunchoftheShenzhou14mannedspacecraft,astronautChenDongonceagaincameintopeople’sview.Butthisisnothis____21____spacetravel.Asearlyas2016,ChenDongtooktheShenzhou11spacecraftandrealizedhisflyingdream.ChenDongusedtocause____22____fromtimetotimeasachildandwasoftentoldoffbyhisparents.However,alittlething____23____him.Oneday,whenplayingwithagroupoffriends,hedestroyedtheheadteacher’s____24____thatwerehandedoutbytheschool.Withbutterfliesinhisstomach,ChenDongknewthathewasintrouble.Tohisvery____25____,insteadofcriticizinghim,theteacher____26____saidtohim:“Iknowyoudidn’tdoit____27____,butinthisway,Ihavenovegetablestoeat.Nomatterwhatyoudointhefuture,youmustthinkmoreaboutothers.”Forthefirsttime,ChenDongrealizedwhat____28____andtoleranceare.Fromthenon,heworkedhard,helpedothers,andthusgrewbetterandbetter.Flyinghigherhasalwaysbeenthe____29____ofChenDongforfartoolong.Duringthetrainingprogramforastronauts,nomatterhowdifficult,theideaofgivingupnever____30____inhismind.Inordertofullyprepareforthespacemission,ChenDongalmost____31____contactwiththeoutsideworld.He____32____almostallhisenergyandtimetothetrainingprogram.Evenhistwinsonscould____33____meettheirfather.Althoughhecan’t____34____themallthetime,ChenDongusesotherwaystoexpresshislove.Hetakespicturesofthestarsthatcanonlybeseenfromspaceandimaginehow____35____andproudthechildrenwillbewhentheyreceivethem.21.A.last B.best C.first D.worst22.A.fear B.trouble C.argument D.concern23.A.interested B.defeated C.annoyed D.changed24.A.books B.fruits C.clothes D.vegetables25.A.disappointment B.surprise C.embarrassment D.horror26.A.gently B.sharply C.happily D.unwillingly27.A.byaccident B.forfun C.onpurpose D.withdoubt28.A.patience B.responsibility C.independence D.honesty29.A.memory B.desire C.opportunity D.honor30.A.emerged B.disappeared C.turned D.varied31.A.stayedin B.setup C.cutoff D.showedoff32.A.applied B.related C.devoted D.adjusted33.A.seldom B.never C.frequently D.always34.A.educate B.train C.influence D.accompany35.A.confused B.challenged C.refreshed D.delighted第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）FiveyoungfemalestudentsattheShanghaiTheatreAcademyhavebecomeonlinecelebritiesbysingingpopsongstothetunesofPekingOperaworks.Thestudents,mainlyroommatesindormitory416attheacademy,____36____(know)ontheinternetasthe“416girls”.Theyhavereleasedalotoffootageoftheirsingingonshort-videoplatforms____37____2019.SometimesinthedormitorytheywearPekingOperamakeupand____38____(costume)andmakeposesconnectedwiththeartform.Theytellnetizenshow____39____(distinguish)differentschoolsoftheoperaticgenre.Overthepastthreeyears,thestudentshave____40____(gradual)gainedalargenumberoffans.Severalmonthsago,thestudents____41____(write)anoriginalsongbasedonaPekingOperatune,____42____explainsdifferentrolesintheartform.Youngpeoplesuchasthe“416girls”haveincreasedaudiencenumbersforPekingOpera.PanYan,secretary-generaloftheChinaPerformanceIndustryAssociation,saidPekingOperaissuch____43____uniqueartformthatpeoplecansense____44____(it)charmwithouthavingtounderstandit.Audiencesexperiencetheartform’sbeautybywatchingshortexplanatoryvideos,andtheyalsoimitateandspreadnewsaboutPekingOperaafter____45____(watch)videofootage,Pansaid.第四部分:寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)假定你是李華，學(xué)校為倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生多閱讀英語(yǔ)文學(xué)作品，邀請(qǐng)你為校英語(yǔ)宣傳欄寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)。內(nèi)容包括：1.倡議的目的；2.倡議的原因；3.發(fā)出倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加情節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearfellowstudents,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Welovetravelingbecauseit’salwaysfilledwithsurpriseandamusements.Onefamilytripwetookwasespeciallythrillingandunforgettable.ItwasearlyonastormywintermorninginNorthernCalifornia.Weweremakingourwayalongicyroadstotheairport,andfromtheretoourweek-longvacationinthewarmHawaiiansun.Mydadhadworkedthenightshift(夜班)atourlocalhospital,andhewastiredfromhislonghoursofwork.Hewassleepinginthebackseatofourfamilycar.Momoftendrove;thismeantthatwecouldleaveatnightafterDadhadfinishedworking.MyyoungerbrotherandIwerehalfasleep.Myolderbrother,Jesse,wasabsorbedinhislatestbook.Hespendsmostofhiswakingmomentsreading.WheneverJessereads,helosestouchwitheverything.Afterseveralhoursontheroad,Mompulledthecarintoareststop.AssoonasIgotoutofthecar,IfeltacoldwindblowandIshivered.Weallgotouttousetherestroomsandrelax—everyoneexceptJesseandDad.Dadwasstillasleepintheback,undertheblankets,andJessewasrightinthemiddleofa“veryinterestingchapter.”Itwashardtobelievethattheycouldbearsuchalongtripwithoutgoingtotherestroom.Afterusingtherestroom,wejumpedbackintothecarandwereallmindingourownbusiness.MomwasbusycheckingtherouteandmyyoungerbrotherandIwerelookingforblanketstokeepwarm.Outofthecornerofmyeye,IsawafigurecomingoutofthebackofthecarbutIwastootiredtothinktwiceaboutit.Momdroveon.Afterages,Istretchedmyarmsandcaughtaglimpseoftheothers.Myyoungerbrother’seyeslookedheavy.Jessewasengagedinreadinghisunfinishedbook.However,thenextscenebroughtmewideawake.TheplacewhereDadshouldbesleepingwasempty!注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；Paragraph1:Ipulledbacktheblanketsandevenlookedunderthebackseat.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Jesse’sanswerremindedmeofthefigureIhadseeninthereststop.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________聽(tīng)力答案：1-5:ACABC6-10:BABCB11-15:ABCAB16-20:CBAAC【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了ReadingEggs這一屢獲殊榮的在線(xiàn)閱讀項(xiàng)目。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ReadingEggsisthemultiaward-winningonlinereadingprogramthatmakeslearningtoreadfunforkidsandteenagersaged3-18*,withgreatonlinereadinggamesandactivities.（ReadingEggs是一個(gè)屢獲殊榮的在線(xiàn)閱讀項(xiàng)目，通過(guò)很棒的在線(xiàn)閱讀游戲和活動(dòng)，讓3到18歲的兒童和青少年學(xué)習(xí)閱讀變得有趣。）”可知，ReadingEggs的目的是讓兒童和青少年對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)閱讀感興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProvenReadingResults部分第一行“91%ofparentsnoticedanimprovementintheirchild’sreadingabilitysinceusingReadingEggs（91%的家長(zhǎng)注意到，參加ReadingEggs項(xiàng)目后，孩子的閱讀能力有所提高）”可知，參加ReadingEggs項(xiàng)目后，已經(jīng)確認(rèn)的益處是大多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)注意到孩子的閱讀能力有所提高。故選C項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ourprograms部分第二項(xiàng)“ReadingEggspressAges10-18BuildingConfidence（ReadingEggspress，10到18歲，建立信心）”可知，ReadingEggspress這一項(xiàng)目適合10到18歲，如果你有一個(gè)13歲的兒子，你會(huì)選擇ReadingEggspress這一項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?.C5.D6.D7.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只狡猾的企鵝跳上了一艘滿(mǎn)載游客的橡皮艇，從而躲過(guò)了一群饑餓的虎鯨的追捕，逃過(guò)一劫的故事。1.推理判斷題。由文章的第七段“Meresecondslater,thepenguinsuccessfullymakesitovertherimoftheboatandishelpedaboardbythetourists—tocheersfromthecrowd.（幾秒鐘后，企鵝成功地越過(guò)了船的邊緣，在游客的幫助下登上了船——人群中發(fā)出了歡呼聲。）”可知，企鵝為了逃避虎鯨的追捕，跳到了游客乘坐的橡皮艇上，所以這只企鵝既聰明又勇敢。故選C項(xiàng)。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。由文章第三段的“alargegroupoforcas（一群虎鯨）”可知，第四段的“theapexpredators（頂級(jí)掠食者）”指的是虎鯨；由第四段的“gavechaseafterthelonelybird（追逐那只孤獨(dú)的鳥(niǎo)）”和“triedtogivethemtheslip（試圖甩掉它們）”可知，虎鯨在捕獵企鵝，而企鵝試圖甩掉虎鯨，所以would-be-victim指的是企鵝。故選D項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第三段Matt所說(shuō)的話(huà)“Itwascrazytoseeinperson.ItwaslikewatchingaNationalGeographicepisodeonlocation.Iimaginethepenguinwasveryrelievedtogetaway.（親眼見(jiàn)到真是太瘋狂了。就像在看國(guó)家地理的外景節(jié)目。我想企鵝逃走后一定松了一口氣。）”可知，Matt對(duì)于這只企鵝讓人難以置信的逃脫感到印象深刻。故選D項(xiàng)。4.標(biāo)題歸納題。由文章的第一段“Thisistheincrediblemoment:acraftypenguinescapedagroupofhungrykillerwhalesbyLEAPINGintoaZodiacboatfulloftourists—tojoyfulapplause.（這是一個(gè)不可思議的時(shí)刻：一只狡猾的企鵝跳上了一艘滿(mǎn)載游客的橡皮艇，躲過(guò)了一群饑餓的虎鯨——人群中發(fā)出了歡呼聲。）”和整篇文章講述的企鵝的逃脫過(guò)程可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是“企鵝跳上船躲避虎鯨”。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的研究人員成功地在從月球帶回地球的土壤中種植了植物。1.概括大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Fortheexperiment,researchersplantedseedsofafloweringweedcalledArabidopsis(擬南芥)inlunarsoil.ArabidopsisisaplantcloselyrelatedtosomemorecommonlyknownplantslikeBrusselssprouts(抱子甘藍(lán)).Researchersbeganbyplacingverysmallsamplesoflunarsoilintotubelikecontainers,thenaddedseedsandwater.AcontrolgroupofArabidopsiswasplantedatthesametimebutwasgrowninsoilconsistingofvolcanicashfromEarth.Scientiststhenaddedanutrientsolutiondailytothesamplesandcarefullyobservedforanysignsofchangeorgrowth.（為了進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究人員在月球土壤中種植了一種名為擬南芥的開(kāi)花雜草的種子。擬南芥是一種與一些更常見(jiàn)的植物（如抱子甘藍(lán)）密切相關(guān)的植物。研究人員首先將非常小的月球土壤樣本放入管狀容器中，然后添加種子和水。同時(shí)種植了一組對(duì)照擬南芥，但生長(zhǎng)在由地球火山灰組成的土壤中。然后，科學(xué)家每天向樣本中添加營(yíng)養(yǎng)液，仔細(xì)觀(guān)察任何變化或生長(zhǎng)的跡象。）”可知，第二段主要介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bythe6thdayoftheexperiment,though,itbecameclearthatthereweredifferencesintherateofgrowthoftheplants.ArabidopsisgrowninlunarsoildevelopedmoreslowlyandgrewtosizesrelativelysmallerthanArabidopsisinthecontrolgroup.Theyalsohadmoreshallowrootsandexhibitedqualitiesthatarenormallynotfoundinhealthyplants.（然而，到了實(shí)驗(yàn)的第6天，很明顯，兩種植物的生長(zhǎng)速度有所不同。與對(duì)照組相比，生長(zhǎng)在月球土壤中的擬南芥發(fā)育較慢，生長(zhǎng)到相對(duì)較小的尺寸。它們的根也更淺，表現(xiàn)出健康植物通常沒(méi)有的品質(zhì)。）”可知，生長(zhǎng)在月球土壤中的擬南芥比生長(zhǎng)在地球火山灰組成的土壤中的擬南芥小。故選D。3.觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThisnewfounddiscoveryposesamajorstepinNASA’shumanexplorationgoals.Itcouldbeakeyturningpointinunlockingfutureagriculturalinnovationsandimprovingfoodaccessibilityforastronautsindeepspace.（這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)為美國(guó)宇航局的人類(lèi)探索目標(biāo)邁出了重要一步。這可能是解開(kāi)未來(lái)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的關(guān)鍵轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，并改善深空宇航員的食物獲取能力。）”可推斷，作者對(duì)這一新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)抱有積極樂(lè)觀(guān)的態(tài)度。故選B。4.文章來(lái)源題。根據(jù)首段的“WeeklyUpdate:June21,2022（每周更新：2022年6月21日）”可知，只有網(wǎng)站在不斷更新，這篇文章所介紹的科學(xué)研究結(jié)果很新，所以最有可能來(lái)自科學(xué)網(wǎng)站。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了歐盟把核能和天然氣列入綠色能源，該提議在成員國(guó)中產(chǎn)生了分歧。文章闡述了支持者與反對(duì)者的意見(jiàn)。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheEuropeanCommissionhasrecentlyproposedclassifyingnuclearandnaturalgasassustainablesourcesofenergy.”（歐盟委員會(huì)最近提議將核能和天然氣歸類(lèi)為可持續(xù)能源。）可知，該提議將核能和天然氣歸類(lèi)為可持續(xù)能源。故選C。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“France,Hungary,Poland,andRomaniahavesupportedtheproposalasasteppingstonetocleanenergy.”（法國(guó)、匈牙利、波蘭和羅馬尼亞支持這項(xiàng)提議，將其作為開(kāi)發(fā)清潔能源的跳板。）講述的是這些國(guó)家支持這項(xiàng)提議。以及第三段“Nevertheless,itemitslesscarbondioxidethancoalandcouldserveasamoresustainablealternativeduringthetransitiontogreenerenergysources.”（盡管如此，它比煤炭排放的二氧化碳更少，可以作為向綠色能源過(guò)渡期間更可持續(xù)的替代能源。）講述的是天然氣的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此，可以推斷出支持者認(rèn)為天然氣盡管是化石燃料，仍然是新能源。因此劃線(xiàn)單詞表示“支持者”。故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nuclearpowerplantsmaybelow-carbon,butthestorageofnuclearwastecontinuestobeanissue.Itisalsocostlytoconstructthemandwoulduseupfinancialresourcesthatcouldbeinvestedinotherrenewableenergies.”（核電站可能是低碳的，但核廢料的儲(chǔ)存仍然是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。建造這些能源的成本也很高，而且會(huì)耗盡本可以投資于其他可再生能源的財(cái)政資源。）可知，德國(guó)不贊成這一提議是因?yàn)榻ㄔ旌穗娬镜某杀竞芨?。故選D。4.概括大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheEuropeanCommissionhasrecentlyproposedclassifyingnuclearandnaturalgasassustainablesourcesofenergy.”（歐盟委員會(huì)最近提議將核能和天然氣歸類(lèi)為可持續(xù)能源。）以及“However,theproposalhasalreadydividedmembercountries.”（然而，該提議已經(jīng)在成員國(guó)中產(chǎn)生了分歧。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹的是關(guān)于可再生能源提案的不同觀(guān)點(diǎn)。故選C。【答案】16.F17.D18.E19.B20.G【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是如何在在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)自律。1.空前說(shuō)“Withoutanin-personlecture,itcanbehardertostayontopoflearningandclasswork.（如果沒(méi)有面對(duì)面的講座，你就很難在學(xué)習(xí)和課堂作業(yè)中保持領(lǐng)先。）”，因此就需要了解一下在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)的技巧，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Withthefollowingtips,youcandoyourbestandbemoreself-disciplined.（按照下面的建議，你可以做到最好，并更加自律。）”引出了下文讓自己更自律的方法，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。2.空前說(shuō)“Setupanappropriatestudyspace.Whatthisiswillvaryabitfrompersontoperson,butitwillhavethefewestdistractions.（建立適當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)空間。這是什么將因人而異，但它將有最少的干擾。）”，D選項(xiàng)“Keepitclear,exceptforthenecessitiesforyourstudy.（除了你學(xué)習(xí)的必需品外，要保持清凈。）”說(shuō)明的是保持學(xué)習(xí)空間的清凈，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。3.空前說(shuō)“Itcanbehardtomaketimetostudyifyou’reconstantlywaitingfortherighttime.（如果你一直在等待合適的時(shí)間，你很難騰出時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。）”，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)正確的做法是什么，E選項(xiàng)“Instead,setaspecifictimeeverydaytoworkonyourclass.（相反，每天設(shè)定一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)你的課程。）”和上文“waitingfortherighttime”相反，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。4.空格處是本段的主題句，根據(jù)后文的“Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.（早起的鳥(niǎo)兒有蟲(chóng)吃。）”可知，本段主要講的是要早點(diǎn)行動(dòng)，B選項(xiàng)“Startearlyonyourassignments.（盡早開(kāi)始你的作業(yè)。）”說(shuō)明要早點(diǎn)行動(dòng)，概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主