人工智能原理MOOC期末考試答案僅供學(xué)習(xí)交流

答案僅供學(xué)習(xí)交流使用，請(qǐng)勿違反誠(chéng)信規(guī)定。卷一"1單選（1分）TuringTestisdesignedtoprovidewhatkindofsatisfactoryoperationaldefinition?圖靈測(cè)試旨在給予哪一種令人滿意的操作定義？得分/總分m?A.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確B.humanthinking人類(lèi)思考rC.machineaction機(jī)器動(dòng)作D.machineintelligence機(jī)器智能2單選（1分）Thinkingthedifferencesbetweenagentfunctionsandagentprograms,selectcorrectstatementsfromfollowingones.考慮智能體函數(shù)與智能體程序的差異，從下列陳述中選擇正確的答案。得分/總分6~|A.Anagentprogramissameasanagentfunction.一個(gè)智能體程序與一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)相同。窿B.Anagentprogramimplementsanagentfunction.一個(gè)智能體程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)。CC.Anagentprogramhasnoanyrelationwithanagentfunction.一個(gè)智能體程序與一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。HID.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上都不正確3單選（1分）Therearetwomainkindsofformulationfor8-queensproblem.Whichofthefollowingoneistheformulationthatstartswithall8queensontheboardandmovesthemaround?有兩種8皇后問(wèn)題的形式化方式?！俺跏紩r(shí)8個(gè)皇后都放在棋盤(pán)上，然后再進(jìn)行移動(dòng)”屬于哪一種形式化方式？得分/總分A.Half-stateformulation半態(tài)形式化金B(yǎng).Complete-stateformulation全態(tài)形式化C.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確D.Incrementalformulation增量形式化4單選（1分）Whatkindofknowledgewillbeusedtodescribehowaproblemissolved?哪種知識(shí)可用于描述如何求解問(wèn)題？得分/總分CA.Declarativeknowledge陳述性知識(shí)6~|B.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確rC.Staticknowledge靜態(tài)知識(shí)D.Proceduralknowledge過(guò)程性知識(shí)5單選（1分）Whichofthefollowingisusedtodiscovergeneralfactsfromtrainingexamples?下列中哪個(gè)用于訓(xùn)練樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)一般的事實(shí)？得分/總分p~~|A.Deductivelearning演繹學(xué)習(xí)B.Supervisedlearning有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)C.Inductivelearning歸納學(xué)習(xí)rD.Reinforcementlearning強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)6單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskof“classification"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“分類(lèi)”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分（iA.Toassignacategorytoeachitem.為每個(gè)項(xiàng)目分配一個(gè)類(lèi)另1J。|B.Tosimplifyinputsbymappingthemintoalowerspace.將其映射到低維空間來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化輸入。CC.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確rD.Tofindthedistributionofinputsinsomespace.發(fā)現(xiàn)某個(gè)空間中輸入的分布。7單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskof“regression"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“回歸”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分窿A.Topredictarealvalueforeachitem.預(yù)測(cè)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)際的值。|B.Togroupdataobjects.對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象進(jìn)行分組。C.Toorderitemsaccordingtosomecriterion.依據(jù)某個(gè)準(zhǔn)則對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行排序。CD.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確8單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskofadimensionalityreduction"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“降維”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分p-1A.Toassignacategorytoeachitem.為每個(gè)項(xiàng)目分配一個(gè)類(lèi)另1J。p-JB.Tofindthedistributionofinputsinsomespace.發(fā)現(xiàn)某個(gè)空間中輸入的分布。CC.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確D.Tosimplifyinputsbymappingthemintoalowerspace.將其映射到低維空間來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化輸入。9單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribestheparadigmofasupervisedlearning"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)”范式的正確描述？得分/總分A.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationusingalimitedamountoftrainingexamples.旨在采用有限數(shù)量的訓(xùn)練樣本來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。B.Itreceivesasetoflabeleddataandmakespredictionsforallunseendata.接收一組標(biāo)注數(shù)據(jù)并對(duì)所有的未知數(shù)據(jù)做出預(yù)測(cè)。|5~|C.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationfromone,oronlyafew,trainingexamples.旨在從一個(gè)、或僅有的幾個(gè)訓(xùn)練樣本中學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。CD.Itisabletosolveataskdespitenothavingreceivedanytrainingexamplesofthattask.能夠求解一個(gè)任務(wù)，即使沒(méi)有得到該任務(wù)的任何訓(xùn)練樣本。10單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribestheparadigmof“unsupervisedlearning"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“無(wú)監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)”范式的正確描述？得分/總分A.Itreceivesexclusivelyunlabeleddataandmakespredictionsforallunseendata.僅僅接收未標(biāo)注數(shù)據(jù)并對(duì)所有的未知數(shù)據(jù)做出預(yù)測(cè)。CB.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationusingalimitedamountoftrainingexamples.旨在采用有限數(shù)量的訓(xùn)練樣本來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。|C.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationfromone,oronlyafew,trainingexamples.旨在從一個(gè)、或僅有的幾個(gè)訓(xùn)練樣本中學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。區(qū)D.Itisabletosolveataskdespitenothavingreceivedanytrainingexamplesofthattask.能夠求解一個(gè)任務(wù)，即使沒(méi)有得到該任務(wù)的任何訓(xùn)練樣本。11單選（1分）Whichlearningparadigmdoesitapplystoringknowledgetoadifferentbutrelatedproblem?哪種學(xué)習(xí)范式把儲(chǔ)備的知識(shí)用于不同但相關(guān)的問(wèn)題？得分/總分CA.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確rB.Ensemblelearning集成學(xué)習(xí)（iC.Transferlearning遷移學(xué)習(xí)rD.Activelearning主動(dòng)式學(xué)習(xí)12多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruestatementsregardingtheconceptofartificialintelligence.選擇以下關(guān)于人工智能概念的正確表述。得分/總分百A.Artificialintelligenceistheintelligenceexhibitedbymachinesorsoftware.人工智能是通過(guò)機(jī)器或軟件展現(xiàn)的智能?？贐.Artificialintelligenceistostudyandconstructagentprogramsthatperformwellinagivenenvironment.人工智能是研究和構(gòu)建在給定環(huán)境下表現(xiàn)良好的智能體程序。C.Artificialintelligencedefinesitselfasthestudyofhumanagents.人工智能將其定義為人類(lèi)智能體的研究。D.Artificialintelligenceaimstocreateintelligentmachines.人工智能旨在創(chuàng)造智能機(jī)器。13多選（1分）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretruetodescribestrongAI（GeneralAI）?下列陳述中哪些是描述強(qiáng)AI（通用AI）的正確答案？得分/總分A.Theappropriatelyprogrammedcomputerwiththerightinputsandoutputswouldtherebyhaveamindinexactlythesamesensehumanbeingshaveminds.是經(jīng)過(guò)適當(dāng)編程的具有正確輸入和輸出的計(jì)算機(jī)，因此有與人類(lèi)同樣判斷力的頭腦。kB.Itmeansamachinewiththeabilitytoapplyintelligencetoanyproblem.指的是一種機(jī)器，具有將智能應(yīng)用于任何問(wèn)題的能力。rC.Itisahypotheticalagentthatpossessesintelligencefarsurpassingthatofthebrightestandmostgiftedhumanminds.是一個(gè)假定的智能體，擁有遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)聰明和最有天賦的人類(lèi)大腦的智能。rD.Itdefinesnon-sentientcomputerintelligenceorAIthatisfocusedononenarrowtask（justonespecificproblem）.其定義為無(wú)意識(shí)的計(jì)算機(jī)智能，或?qū)Ｗ⒂谝粋€(gè)狹窄任務(wù)（僅針對(duì)一個(gè)具體問(wèn)題）的AI。14多選（1分）Forthefollowingcomparisons,selectwhichapproachesaremoregeneralandmoreamenabletoscientificdevelopment.對(duì)于如下比擬，選擇哪些方法更通用并且更適合于科學(xué)開(kāi)發(fā)。得分/總分rA.Thinkinghumanly類(lèi)人思考mB.Actingrationally理性動(dòng)作C.Actinghumanly類(lèi)人動(dòng)作慟D.Thinkingrationally理性思考15多選（1分）Arationalagentisonethatdoestherightthing,butwhatdoesitmeantodotherightthing?Consideringtheconsequencesoftheagent'sbehavior,selectthefollowingtruestatementsregardingtheconceptof"rightthing".理性智能體指的是有正確行為的智能體，但正確的行為意味著什么？考慮智能體行為的后果，選擇下列有關(guān)“正確的行為”概念的真實(shí)陳述。得分/總分國(guó)IA.Thissequenceofactionscausestheenvironmenttogothroughasequenceofstates.這些動(dòng)作序列引起環(huán)境改變而產(chǎn)生狀態(tài)序列。rB.Butifthesequenceisundesirable,thentheagentdestroystheenvironment.但若該序列是不期望的，則該智能體對(duì)其環(huán)境造成破壞?？贑.Anagentinanenvironmentgeneratesasequenceofactionsaccordingtothepercepts.智能體在某個(gè)環(huán)境中依據(jù)感知生成動(dòng)作序列。D.Ifthesequenceisdesirable,thentheagenthasperformedwell.如果該序列是所期望的，則該智能體表現(xiàn)良好。16多選（1分）Selectwhichofthefollowingsearchmethodsaretrueuninformedsearch.選擇如下哪些搜索方法屬于無(wú)信息搜索。得分/總分A.GreedySearch貪婪搜索rB.Best-firstSearch最佳優(yōu)先搜索C.Depth-limitedsearch深度受限搜索wD.Depth-firstsearch深度優(yōu)先搜索17多選（1分）Thesearchstrategiesthatuseproblem-specificknowledgebeyondthedefinitionoftheproblemitselfareknownas:除了問(wèn)題本身的定義之外，使用問(wèn)題特定知識(shí)的搜索策略被認(rèn)為是：得分/總分rA.Binarysearch二元搜索rB.Bruteforcesearch蠻力搜索RC.Informedsearch有信息搜索D.Heuristicsearch啟發(fā)式搜18多選（1分）Hillclimbingsearchissometimescalledgreedylocalsearchbecauseitgrabsagoodneighborstatewithoutthinkingaheadaboutwheretogonext.Unfortunately,itoftengetsstuckforthethreereasons:爬山搜索有時(shí)也被稱(chēng)為貪婪局部搜索，因?yàn)樗活欁プ∫粋€(gè)好的鄰接點(diǎn)的狀態(tài)，而不提前思考下一步該去哪兒。它在三種情況下經(jīng)常被困：得分/總分0A.Ridges山嶺B.Plateaux高原rC.Localminima局部最小值FD.Localmaxima局部最大值19多選（1分）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutSimulatedannealingalgorithm以下關(guān)于模擬退火算法的表述哪些是正確的？得分/總分rA.Insteadofpickingtherandommove,simulatedannealingalgorithmpicksabestmove.模擬退火算法不是選擇隨機(jī)行動(dòng)，而是選擇最佳行動(dòng)。B.Theinnerloopofthesimulatedannealingalgorithmisquitesimilartohillclimbing.模擬退火算法的內(nèi)循環(huán)與爬山法非常相似。0C.Insteadofpickingthebestmove,simulatedannealingalgorithmpicksarandommove.模擬退火算法不是選擇最佳行動(dòng)，而是選擇隨機(jī)行動(dòng)。rD.Theinnerloopofthesimulatedannealingalgorithmisverydifferentfromhillclimbing.模擬退火算法的內(nèi)循環(huán)與爬山法完全不同。20多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruestatementsregardingtheconceptofminimaxruleforazerosumgame.從如下關(guān)于零和博弈minimax規(guī)則的概念中選擇正確的答案。得分/總分A.Eachplayermaximizesthemaximumpayoffpossibleforitself.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使自己可能的最大收益變得最大。B.Eachplayermaximizesthemaximumlosspossiblefortheother.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使對(duì)手可能的最大損失變得最大。rC.Eachplayerminimizesthemaximumlosspossiblefortheother.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使對(duì)手可能的最大損失變得最小。rD.Eachplayerminimizesthemaximumpayoffpossibleforitself.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使自己可能的最大收益變得最小。21多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruetypesoftypesoflocalconsistencyforconstraintpropagation?如下陳述中哪些是約束傳播局部一致性的正確類(lèi)型？得分/總分rA.Graphconsistency圖一致口B.Nodeconsistency節(jié)點(diǎn)一致C.Arcconsistency弧一致D.Pathconsistency路徑一致22多選（1分）Selectwhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutontology.選擇下列關(guān)于本體的陳述哪些是正確的。得分/總分口A.Ontologiescanbedividedthetypesofupperontology,domainontology,orhyperontology.本體可被分為上層本體、領(lǐng)域本體、或混合本體。rB.Ontologiescanbecreatedtoorganizeinformationthatwillbeappliedtoproblemsolving.本體可被創(chuàng)建為組織可用于問(wèn)題求解的信息。WC.Anontologyisaformalnaminganddefinitionofthetypes,properties,andinterrelationshipsoftheentitiesforaparticulardomainofdiscourse.本體是一種對(duì)特定論域中實(shí)體的類(lèi)型、特性和相互關(guān)系的形式化命名和定義。ED.Anontologyprovidesacommonvocabularyofanareaanddefinethemeaningofthetermsandtherelationshipsbetweenthem.本體提供一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的公共詞匯，并且定義一些術(shù)語(yǔ)的含義和它們之間的關(guān)系。23多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingapproachesareusedtoclassicalplanning?下列方法中哪些可用于經(jīng)典規(guī)劃？得分/總分A.planrefinement規(guī)戈U精進(jìn)慟B.first-orderlogicaldeduction一階邏輯推理rC.state-spacesearch狀態(tài)空間搜索D.planninggraph規(guī)戈U圖24多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruepartiesregardingthethreepartiesofmachinelearning.選擇如下哪些派別是有關(guān)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的三個(gè)派別？得分/總分百Behaviorism行為主義mConnectionism聯(lián)結(jié)主義rLogicalism邏輯主義rSubjectivism主觀主義25多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruephrasesregardingthetypicalparadigmsinmachinelearning.選擇下列哪些是典型的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)范式。得分/總分Reinforcementlearning強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)Unsupervisedlearning無(wú)監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)rMultimedialearning多媒體學(xué)習(xí)Supervisedlearning有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)26多選（1分）Selectwhichonesofthefollowingalgorithms（methods）havebeeninventedasthespecialalgorithmsdedicatedtoreinforcementlearning.選擇下列哪些算法（方法）已被發(fā)明為專(zhuān)門(mén)用于強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)的算法。得分/總分rA.BehavioristPsychology行為學(xué)派心理學(xué)口B.AsynchronousAdvantageActor-Critic異步優(yōu)勢(shì)動(dòng)作者?評(píng)論者口C.NeuralEpisodicControl神經(jīng)情景控制P~|D.DeepNetwork深度網(wǎng)絡(luò)27多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingphrasesaretruealgorithmsusedbymanifoldlearning?下列哪些是真正被流形學(xué)習(xí)使用的算法？得分/總分A.PCA（PrincipalComponentAnalysis）PCA（主成分分析）且B.LLE（LocallyLinearEmbeddings）LLE（局部線性嵌入）口C.SVM（SupportVectorMachine）SVM（支撐向量機(jī)）口D.LE（LaplacianEigenmaps）LE（拉普拉斯特征映射）28多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruephrasesinwhicheachonehasbeeninventedasalogicalmodelformachinelearning.從如下短語(yǔ)中選擇真正地被發(fā)明為或被用作機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)邏輯模型的方法。得分/總分mA.First-orderlogic一階邏輯wB.Decisiontree決策樹(shù)慟C.Associationrules關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則rD.Adaptiveboosting自適應(yīng)性提升29多選（1分）WhichofthefollowingphrasesaretrueartificialneuralnetworksusedinmachineLearning?下列用于哪些是真正用于機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)？得分/總分國(guó)IA.Convolutionalneuralnetwork卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)WB.GenerativeAdversarialNetworks生成對(duì)抗網(wǎng)絡(luò)rC.Wirelessnetwork無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)慟D.Deepauto-encoder深度自動(dòng)編碼器30填空（1分）Rationallymeansthepropertyofasystemwhichdoestherightthinggivenwhatit.理性指的是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的屬性，即在—已知的環(huán)境下做正確的事。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分已知?」請(qǐng)輸入答案31填空（1分）Anintelligentagentisanythingthatcanbeviewedasperceivingitsenvironmentthroughsensors,andactinguponthatenvironmentthrough.智能體可以看作是通過(guò)感受器感知外部環(huán)境，并且通過(guò)―執(zhí)行器作用于外部環(huán)境的任何事物。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分填空(1分)Localsearchalgorithmsoperateusingasinglecurrentnode(ratherthanmultiplepaths)andgenerallymoveonlytoofthatnode.generallymoveonlytoofthatnode.,并且通常僅移動(dòng)到該節(jié)點(diǎn)的相鄰節(jié),并且通常僅移動(dòng)到該節(jié)點(diǎn)的相鄰節(jié)點(diǎn)（中英文回答均可）得分/總分ill相鄰節(jié)點(diǎn)ill請(qǐng)輸入答案33填空（1分）isadynamicgamewithprobabilistictransitionsplayedbyoneormoreplayers.—隨機(jī)博弈懸一種具有概率轉(zhuǎn)換的動(dòng)態(tài)博弈，有一個(gè)或多個(gè)玩家。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分隨機(jī)博弈——?」請(qǐng)輸入答案34填空（1分）treesearchisontheanalysisofthemostpromisingmoves,expandingthesearchtreebasedonrandomsamplingofthesearchspace.蒙特卡羅樹(shù)搜索對(duì)最有利的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)搜索空間的隨機(jī)采樣來(lái)擴(kuò)展搜索樹(shù)。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分蒙特卡羅=11請(qǐng)輸入答案35填空（1分）Aconstraintsatisfactionproblem（CSP）isdefinedasasetofobjectswhosestatemustsatisfyanumberof.約束滿足問(wèn)題（CSP）被定義為其狀態(tài)必須滿足若干約束和限制的一組對(duì)象。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分約束和限制LiL-l上I請(qǐng)輸入答案36填空（1分）MarkovDecisionProcess（MDP）isadiscretetimeprocess,meansactionoutcomesdependonlyonthecurrentstate.馬可夫決策過(guò)程（MDP）是一種離散時(shí)間隨機(jī)控制過(guò)程，意味著動(dòng)作結(jié)果僅僅依賴(lài)于當(dāng)前狀態(tài)。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分隨機(jī)控制——?」請(qǐng)輸入答案37填空（1分）Machinelearningisaofartificialintelligence,concernstheconstructionandstudyofsystemsthatcanlearnfromdata.機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是人工智能的一個(gè)―分支,從事構(gòu)建和研究可以從數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習(xí)的系統(tǒng)。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分分支=11請(qǐng)輸入答案38填空（1分）Clusteringistoidentifysimilargroupsforinputobjectstrainingdata,andclassificationistoassignpre-definedclassesforinputitemswithtrainingdata.聚類(lèi)是為輸入對(duì)象標(biāo)識(shí)相似的組，沒(méi)有訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)；而分類(lèi)則是給輸入項(xiàng)分派預(yù)定義的類(lèi)，有訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)。（中英文回答均可）得分/總分-d—I」請(qǐng)輸入答案39填空（1分）Theprobabilisticmodelinmachinelearningistouseprobabilitytheorytoexpressallformsof.機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的概率模型是采用概率論來(lái)表示所有不確定性的形式。（中英文回答均得分/總分

填空（1分）Anartificialneuralnetworkisanartificialrepresentationofthehumanbrainthattriestosimulateitsprocessing.學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。（中英文回答均可）學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。（中英文回答均可）學(xué)習(xí)ill1單選（1分）TuringTestisdesignedtoprovidewhatkindofsatisfactoryoperationaldefinition?圖靈測(cè)試旨在給予哪一種令人滿意的操作定義？得分/總分CA.machineintelligence機(jī)器智能B.humanaction人類(lèi)動(dòng)作hC.humanthinking人類(lèi)思考hD.humanintelligence人類(lèi)智能2單選（1分）Thinkingthedifferencesbetweenagentfunctionsandagentprograms,selectcorrectstatementsfromfollowingones.考慮智能體函數(shù)與智能體程序的差異，從下列陳述中選擇正確的答案。得分/總分CA.Anagentfunctionimplementsanagentprogram.一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)智能體程序。B.Anagentprogramissameasanagentfunction.一個(gè)智能體程序與一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)相同。C.Anagentprogramimplementsanagentfunction.一個(gè)智能體程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)一個(gè)智能體函數(shù)。CD.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上都不正確3單選（1分）Therearetwomainkindsofformulationfor8-queensproblem.Whichofthefollowingoneistheformulationthatstartswithall8queensontheboardandmovesthemaround?有兩種8皇后問(wèn)題的形式化方式。“初始時(shí)8個(gè)皇后都放在棋盤(pán)上，然后再進(jìn)行移動(dòng)”屬于哪一種形式化方式？得分/總分CA.Incrementalformulation增量形式化|B.Half-stateformulation半態(tài)形式化C.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確p~~|D.Complete-stateformulation全態(tài)形式化4單選（1分）Whatkindofknowledgewillbeusedtodescribehowaproblemissolved?哪種知識(shí)可用于描述如何求解問(wèn)題？得分/總分CA.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確rB.Proceduralknowledge過(guò)程性知識(shí)C.Dynamicknowledge動(dòng)態(tài)知識(shí)D.Heuristicknowledge啟發(fā)性知識(shí)5單選（1分）Whichofthefollowingisusedtodiscovergeneralfactsfromtrainingexamples?下列中哪個(gè)用于訓(xùn)練樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)一般的事實(shí)？得分/總分A.Inductivelearning歸納學(xué)習(xí)hJB.Reinforcementlearning強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)aC.Unsupervisedlearning無(wú)監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)D.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確6單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskof“classification"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“分類(lèi)”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分[5~|A.Tofindthedistributionofinputsinsomespace.發(fā)現(xiàn)某個(gè)空間中輸入的分布。B.Toorderitemsaccordingtosomecriterion.依據(jù)某個(gè)準(zhǔn)則對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行排序。CC.Topredictarealvalueforeachitem.預(yù)測(cè)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)際的值。b,D.Toassignacategorytoeachitem.為每個(gè)項(xiàng)目分配一個(gè)類(lèi)另1J。7單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskof“regression"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“回歸”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分A.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確B.Tofindthedistributionofinputsinsomespace.發(fā)現(xiàn)某個(gè)空間中輸入的分布。CC.Toassignacategorytoeachitem.為每個(gè)項(xiàng)目分配一個(gè)類(lèi)另1J。D.Topredictarealvalueforeachitem.預(yù)測(cè)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)際的值。8單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribesthetaskofadimensionalityreduction"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“降維”任務(wù)的正確描述？得分/總分[5~|A.Toorderitemsaccordingtosomecriterion.依據(jù)某個(gè)準(zhǔn)則對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行排序。B.Tosimplifyinputsbymappingthemintoalowerspace.將其映射到低維空間來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化輸入。CC.Togroupdataobjects.對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象進(jìn)行分組。CD.Topredictarealvalueforeachitem.預(yù)測(cè)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)際的值。9單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribestheparadigmofasupervisedlearning"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)”范式的正確描述？得分/總分A.Itisabletosolveataskdespitenothavingreceivedanytrainingexamplesofthattask.能夠求解一個(gè)任務(wù)，即使沒(méi)有得到該任務(wù)的任何訓(xùn)練樣本。hB.Itreceivesasetoflabeleddataandmakespredictionsforallunseendata.接收一組標(biāo)注數(shù)據(jù)并對(duì)所有的未知數(shù)據(jù)做出預(yù)測(cè)。C.Itisaclassofsupervisedlearningtechniquesthatalsomakeuseofunlabeleddatafortraining.屬于有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)算法一類(lèi)，此外還利用未標(biāo)記數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。ID.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationusingalimitedamountoftrainingexamples.旨在采用有限數(shù)量的訓(xùn)練樣本來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。10單選（1分）Whichstatementbestdescribestheparadigmof“unsupervisedlearning"inmachinelearning?哪一個(gè)是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中“無(wú)監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)”范式的正確描述？得分/總分IA.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationusingalimitedamountoftrainingexamples.旨在采用有限數(shù)量的訓(xùn)練樣本來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。CB.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確C.Itaimstolearnsomeinformationfromone,oronlyafew,trainingexamples.旨在從一個(gè)、或僅有的幾個(gè)訓(xùn)練樣本中學(xué)習(xí)一些信息。CD.Itreceivesexclusivelyunlabeleddataandmakespredictionsforallunseendata.僅僅接收未標(biāo)注數(shù)據(jù)并對(duì)所有的未知數(shù)據(jù)做出預(yù)測(cè)。11單選（1分）Whichlearningparadigmdoesitapplystoringknowledgetoadifferentbutrelatedproblem?哪種學(xué)習(xí)范式把儲(chǔ)備的知識(shí)用于不同但相關(guān)的問(wèn)題？得分/總分|A.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect以上者B不正確B.Collaborativelearning協(xié)同式學(xué)習(xí)rC.Transferlearning遷移學(xué)習(xí)rD.Ensemblelearning集成學(xué)習(xí)12多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruestatementsregardingtheconceptofartificialintelligence.選擇以下關(guān)于人工智能概念的正確表述。得分/總分rA.Artificialintelligenceistoenablethedevelopmentofcomputersthatareabletodothingsnormallydonebyhuman.人工智能是為了開(kāi)發(fā)一類(lèi)計(jì)算機(jī)使之能夠完成通常由人類(lèi)所能做的事。rB.Artificialintelligenceistheintelligenceexhibitedbymachinesorsoftware.人工智能是通過(guò)機(jī)器或軟件展現(xiàn)的智能。rC.Artificialintelligencedefinesitselfasthestudyofhumanagents.人工智能將其定義為人類(lèi)智能體的研究。rD.Artificialintelligenceistostudyandconstructagentprogramsthatperformwellinagivenenvironment.人工智能是研究和構(gòu)建在給定環(huán)境下表現(xiàn)良好的智能體程序。13多選（1分）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretruetodescribestrongAI（GeneralAI）?下列陳述中哪些是描述強(qiáng)AI（通用AI）的正確答案？得分/總分rA.Itdefinesnon-sentientcomputerintelligenceorAIthatisfocusedononenarrowtask（justonespecificproblem）.其定義為無(wú)意識(shí)的計(jì)算機(jī)智能，或?qū)Ｗ⒂谝粋€(gè)狹窄任務(wù)（僅針對(duì)一個(gè)具體問(wèn)題）的AI。bB.Itisahypotheticalagentthatpossessesintelligencefarsurpassingthatofthebrightestandmostgiftedhumanminds.是一個(gè)假定的智能體，擁有遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)聰明和最有天賦的人類(lèi)大腦的智能。rC.Itmeansamachinewiththeabilitytoapplyintelligencetoanyproblem.指的是一種機(jī)器，具有將智能應(yīng)用于任何問(wèn)題的能力。rD.Theappropriatelyprogrammedcomputerwiththerightinputsandoutputswouldtherebyhaveamindinexactlythesamesensehumanbeingshaveminds.是經(jīng)過(guò)適當(dāng)編程的具有正確輸入和輸出的計(jì)算機(jī)，因此有與人類(lèi)同樣判斷力的頭腦。14多選（1分）Forthefollowingcomparisons,selectwhichapproachesaremoregeneralandmoreamenabletoscientificdevelopment.對(duì)于如下比擬，選擇哪些方法更通用并且更適合于科學(xué)開(kāi)發(fā)。得分/總分rA.Actinghumanly類(lèi)人動(dòng)作rB.Actingrationally理性動(dòng)作rC.Thinkinghumanly類(lèi)人思考rD.Thinkingrationally理性思考15多選（1分）Arationalagentisonethatdoestherightthing,butwhatdoesitmeantodotherightthing?Consideringtheconsequencesoftheagent'sbehavior,selectthefollowingtruestatemetsregardingtheconceptof"rightthing".理性智能體指的是有正確行為的智能體，但正確的行為意味著什么？考慮智能體行為的后果，選擇下列有關(guān)“正確的行為”概念的真實(shí)陳述。得分/總分rA.Anagentinanenvironmentgeneratesasequenceofactionsaccordingtothepercepts.智能體在某個(gè)環(huán)境中依據(jù)感知生成動(dòng)作序列。rB.Butifthesequenceisundesirable,thentheagentdestroystheenvironment.但若該序列是不期望的，則該智能體對(duì)其環(huán)境造成破壞。rC.Thissequenceofactionscausestheenvironmenttogothroughasequenceofstates.這些動(dòng)作序列引起環(huán)境改變而產(chǎn)生狀態(tài)序列。rD.Ifthesequenceisdesirable,thentheagenthasperformedwell.如果該序列是所期望的，則該智能體表現(xiàn)良好。16多選（1分）Selectwhichofthefollowingsearchmethodsaretrueuninformedsearch.選擇如下哪些搜索方法屬于無(wú)信息搜索。得分/總分rBreadth-firstsearch寬度優(yōu)先搜索rGreedySearch貪婪搜索rBidirectionalsearch雙向搜索rA*SearchA*搜索17多選（1分）Thesearchstrategiesthatuseproblem-specificknowledgebeyondthedefinitionoftheproblemitselfareknownas:除了問(wèn)題本身的定義之外，使用問(wèn)題特定知識(shí)的搜索策略被認(rèn)為是：得分/總分rInformedsearch有信息搜索rBinarysearch二元搜索rBruteforcesearch蠻力搜索rHeuristicsearch啟發(fā)式搜18多選（1分）Hillclimbingsearchissometimescalledgreedylocalsearchbecauseitgrabsagoodneighborstatewithoutthinkingaheadaboutwheretogonext.Unfortunately,itoftengetsstuckforthethreereasons:爬山搜索有時(shí)也被稱(chēng)為貪婪局部搜索，因?yàn)樗活欁プ∫粋€(gè)好的鄰接點(diǎn)的狀態(tài)，而不提前思考下一步該去哪兒。它在三種情況下經(jīng)常被困：得分/總分A.Plateaux高原rB.Localmaxima局部最大值rC.Ridges山嶺rD.Hill山丘19多選（1分）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutSimulatedannealingalgorithm?以下關(guān)于模擬退火算法的表述哪些是正確的？得分/總分rA.Insteadofpickingthebestmove,simulatedannealingalgorithmpicksarandommove.模擬退火算法不是選擇最佳行動(dòng)，而是選擇隨機(jī)行動(dòng)。rB.Theinnerloopofthesimulatedannealingalgorithmisverydifferentfromhillclimbing.模擬退火算法的內(nèi)循環(huán)與爬山法完全不同。rC.Insteadofpickingtherandommove,simulatedannealingalgorithmpicksabestmove.模擬退火算法不是選擇隨機(jī)行動(dòng)，而是選擇最佳行動(dòng)。rD.Theinnerloopofthesimulatedannealingalgorithmisquitesimilartohillclimbing.模擬退火算法的內(nèi)循環(huán)與爬山法非常相似。20多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruestatementsregardingtheconceptofminimaxruleforazerosumgame.從如下關(guān)于零和博弈minimax規(guī)則的概念中選擇正確的答案。得分/總分rA.Eachplayermaximizesthemaximumpayoffpossibleforitself.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使自己可能的最大收益變得最大。rB.Eachplayerminimizesthemaximumpayoffpossibleforitself.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使自己可能的最大收益變得最小。rC.Eachplayerminimizesthemaximumlosspossiblefortheother.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使對(duì)手可能的最大損失變得最小。rD.Eachplayermaximizesthemaximumlosspossiblefortheother.每個(gè)玩家會(huì)使對(duì)手可能的最大損失變得最大。21多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruetypesoftypesoflocalconsistencyforconstraintpropagation?如下陳述中哪些是約束傳播局部一致性的正確類(lèi)型？得分/總分rA.Nodeconsistency節(jié)點(diǎn)一致rB.Loopconsistency環(huán)路一致rC.k-consistencyk一致rD.Pathconsistency路徑一致22多選（1分）Selectwhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutontology.選擇下列關(guān)于本體的陳述哪些是正確的。得分/總分rA.Ontologiescanbecreatedtoorganizeinformationthatwillbeappliedtoproblemsolving.本體可被創(chuàng)建為組織可用于問(wèn)題求解的信息。bB.Ontologiescannotbecreatedtoorganizeinformationthatwillbeappliedtoproblemsolving.本體不能被創(chuàng)建為組織可用于問(wèn)題求解的信息。rC.Ontologiescanbedividedthetypesofupperontology,domainontology,orhyperontology.本體可被分為上層本體、領(lǐng)域本體、或混合本體。D.Ontologiescannotbedividedthetypesofupperontology,domainontology,orhyperontology.本體不能被分為上層本體、領(lǐng)域本體、或混合本體。23多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingapproachesareusedtoclassicalplanning?下列方法中哪些可用于經(jīng)典規(guī)劃？得分/總分rA.first-orderlogicaldeduction一階邏輯推理rB.Booleansatisfiability布爾可滿足性rC.planninggraph規(guī)戈U圖rD.planrefinement規(guī)戈U精進(jìn)24多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruepartiesregardingthethreepartiesofmachinelearning.選擇如下哪些派別是有關(guān)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的三個(gè)派別？得分/總分rA.Symbolicism符號(hào)主義rB.Subjectivism主觀主義rC.Behaviorism行為主義rD.Connectionism聯(lián)結(jié)主義25多選（1分）Selectthefollowingtruephrasesregardingthetypicalparadigmsinmachinelearning.選擇下列哪些是典型的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)范式。得分/總分A.Informallearning非正式學(xué)習(xí)rB.Supervisedlearning有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)rC.Augmentedlearning增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)rD.Unsupervisedlearning無(wú)監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)26多選（1分）Selectwhichonesofthefollowingalgorithms（methods）havebeeninventedasthespecialalgorithmsdedicatedtoreinforcementlearning.選擇下列哪些算法（方法）已被發(fā)明為專(zhuān)門(mén)用于強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)的算法。得分/總分rA.AsynchronousAdvantageActor-Critic異步優(yōu)勢(shì)動(dòng)作者?評(píng)論者rB.NeuralEpisodicControl神經(jīng)情景控制rC.DeterministicPolicyGradients確定性策略梯度D.DeepNetwork深度網(wǎng)絡(luò)27多選（1分）Whichofthefollowingphrasesaretruealgorithmsusedbymanifoldlearning?下列哪些是真正被流形學(xué)習(xí)使用的算法？得分/總分rA.LE（LaplacianEigenmaps）LE（拉普拉斯特征映射）rB.Isomap（Isometricmapping）Isomap（等距映射）rC.LLE（LocallyLinearEmbeddings）LLE（局部線性嵌入）D.HMM（HiddenMarkovmodels）HMM（隱藏馬可夫模型）28多選