2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型精準(zhǔn)練：閱讀理解(推理判斷題)

2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型精準(zhǔn)練 2-閱讀理解（推理判斷題）1、Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard."Peopleofallages,races,andsocioeconomic（社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的）backgroundsgaveandtook,"saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject. "Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars."Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip（片段）showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,"Bridgessaid. "There'sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign.Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,“hesaid“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”.Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached "inParagraph1mean?A.Moneynottiedtogether.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.D.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions..WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance..WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A.Todoatestonpeoplesmorals.B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D.Topromotekindnessandmotekindnessandsympathy.2、ChangingoftheGuardToursandTicketsTheChangingoftheGuardisacenturies-oldtraditionthatmarkstheofficialshiftchangeoftheHouseholdRegiment-theQueen'sguardsstationedatBuckinghamPalace.Asoneoftheworld'smostfamousceremoniesandatopLondonexperience,thisceremonygivesvisitorsthechancetoseethegrandeur6士觀）ofaroyalmarch.Dressedintheirredsuitsandbearskinhats,theguardsshowclassicBritishmagnificenceinashowingthat'snottobemissed.TheBasicsTheceremonybeginswiththeNewGuardmarchingfromWellingtonBarrackstoBuckinghamPalacewithamarchingband,whilethemountedHorseGuardsParadeleavesfromtheHydeParkbarracksandcrossesTheMalltoSt.James'Place.Theofficialguardchangethentakesplaceinthepalaceforecourt.SomeLondonwalkingtoursincludeatimedstopatthepalacetoseetheevent,whileothertourscombineaviewingwithavisittotheTowerofLondonortheLondonEye.ThingstoKnowBeforeYouGo?BuckinghamPalace'sChangingoftheGuardCeremonytakesplacedailyat11：30amandlastsabout45minutes.?Crowdsarefrequent,especiallyatthepalace,butyou'llfindquieterspotselsewherealongtheroute.?Theceremonyisfreetowatch,andnoticketsarerequired.HowtoGetThereThemarchbeginsatWellingtonBarracksandcontinuesontoBuckinghamPalaceincentralLondon.ThenearesttubestationsareSt,JamesPark,GreenPark,andVictoria.WhentoGetThereTogetagoodview,it'sbesttoarriveearly—asearlyas9: 30am.Sometoursaretimedspecificallyfortheceremony,guaranteeingthebestviewpointsfromanexperttourguide.Notethattheceremonymaybecanceledinbadweather.WhatcanvisitorsdoatBuckinghamPalace'sGuardChangeCeremony?Takepartinaroyalmarch.Tastetheworkofaroyalguard.Tryonredsuitsandbearskinhats.Witnesshowgrandaroyalmarchis.Whencanvisitorsseetheguardchange?A.At9:30am. B.At10:15am.C.At11:45am. D.At12：45am.Whatdoesthepassageimplyabouttheguardchange?Itisfreeofchargetothepublic.Itmaynotbeavailableeveryday.Ithasahistoryofhundredsofyears.Itisarrangedinthepalaceforecourt.3、Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分） ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays."Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem. B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem. D.Theymeasuredthem.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle. B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos. D.Bymixingtwodrinks.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition. B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Health. C.Education.D.Science.4、Juana,whocametoAmericafromGuatemala,usedtotakethebustoandfromcleaningjobs.Walkingtothebusstopafteralongdayatworkwasexhausting,especiallywhenitrained,asitoccasionallydoesinLosAngeles.NowJuanadriveseverywhere.Shehadtwoaspirations:tolearnEnglishandtogetacar.Shehasaccomplishedboth.

AlthoughLosAngeleshasorganizeditselfaroundthecarsincetheSecondWorldWarithastriedharderthanmanyotherAmericancitiestochangethis.However,public-transportusersaredwindling（逐漸減少的）.InthepastfiveyearsthenumberoftripstakeninmetropolitanLosAngeleshasdroppedby19%.itTheAmericanPublicTransportationAssociation'sfiguresshowthatthenumberofjourneysinthecountryasawholehasfallenineachofthepastthreeyears.In2016-2017everykindofmasspublictransportbecamelessbusy.NewYorkerstook2.8%fewerweekdaytripsonpublictransport.In2018thenumberofTubejourneysfellby1.4%.ThatwasdespiteannualpopulationgrowthinLondonofabout1%anda3.3%riseinemploymentinthepastyear.TheParisMetrocarriedonlyasmanypassengersin2017asitdidin2012.InBerlin,publictransportjourneysaregrowingabouthalfasquicklyasemployment.ExceptionsarethatmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpublictransportinSydneyandTokyo.Demandformasspublictransporthasweakenedinsomanyrich-worldcitiesatthesametime.Somethingseemstobedrivingpeopleoffthepublictransport.Butwhatisit?Oneexplanation,whichisconvincinginsomecities.isthatpublictransporthasbecomeworse.LondonandParishavesufferedterroristattacks.NewYork'ssubwayiscreaking（嘎吱作響的）——aconsequenceofprolongedunderinvestmentinrepairs.Elsewhere,badweatherorroadworksaresaidtopreventpeoplefromtakingbuses.LosAngelesisacity.whosegovernmentwouldlikecitizenstotakepublictransportwheremanyimmigrantslikeJuanahaveachievedtheirdreamswhereeveryonelikeJuanapreferstodriveprivatecarswheremoreandmorepeopleturntopublictransportInParagraph3thedatashowuspublictransport.hasdeclinedinallthementionedcitieshasdeclinedinmostcitiesinAmericafrom2016to2018becamebusierineachcityhasattractedmoreandmoreusersWhatisthemainreasonforpeoplenottakingpublictransport?A.Publictransportisunsafe.Takingpublictransportisawasteoftime.Publictransportdisappointspeopleinmanyways.Publictransportisnoisy,makingpeopleuncomfortableWhydoestheauthormentionJuanainParagraph1?Totellusshehasachievedherdreams.Toshowusshe'sahard-workingwoman,Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.TotelluswhatshedoesinAmerica.5、TheAustralianbeachtownByronBayhasatrafficproblem,especiallyduringholidays,whenlocalstreetsarefullofcars.Butnowit'schanged.Theworld'sfirstfullysolar-poweredtrainrunsonarepairedtrainlinethatwasoutofuseformorethanadecade.Thesolarsystemsontheroofofthetrainsendpowertoasetofbatteriesthatreplaceoneengine;theotherengineisstillinplaceandcanprovidebackuppowerinanemergency.Asthetrainbrakes（殺U車）,itgeneratesmoreelectricity,likeahybridcar.Atatrainstation,thetraincanbepluggedintopullmorepowerfromsolarsystemsontheplatformroof.Ifthere'salongperiodwithoutsun—somewhatunlikelyinthispartoftheworld—thetraincanalsobepluggedintogetrenewableenergyfromthelocalelectricitysupply.“Thelargesolarsystemsontheplatformroofcoupledwiththesolarsystemsonthetrainroofproducemoresolarenergyperdaythanisrequiredtooperateanhourlyreturnservice,“saysHolmes,DevelopmentDirectorofthenonprofitByronBayRailroadCompany,whichrunsthetrain.Withonefullcharge,thetraincanmake12to15trips.Volunteersfullyrestoredthetraintoitsoldconditiontoattractmorepassengers,whichshouldtakemorecarsoffcitystreetsofthebeachtown.Thetraincanhold100seatedpassengers,withroomformoretostand,andalsohasaluggageroomforbikesandsurfboards.AridecostsalittlemorethanS2.Thenonprofitsthinkit'samodelthatcouldbereplicated（復(fù)制）elsewhere."Ourservicehasnogovernmentsupportorfundingatall,butforthistobereplicatedorimprovedupon,thekeyisforgovernmenttoworkwithenterprisesontheprogram,"Holmessays."Ourserviceprovidesanexampleofhowthesun'senergycanbeusedforsustainabletransportsolutions.1.WhyisthesolartrainbroughtintouseinByronBay?A.Toreducetrafficjams.Toattractvisitors.Tofightpollution.Tousesolarenergy.Wheredoesthetraingetenergyonsunlessdays?Fromitsengines.Fromahybridcar.Fromtheplatformroof.Fromthelocalelectricitysupply.HowdoesHolmesfeelaboutsolarenergyequipment?Itislabor-saving.Itiseasilyoperated.Itistime-consuming.Itispowerguaranteed.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesolar-poweredtrainfromthelastparagraph?Itcouldbeoflittleuseinsolvingenergyproblems.Morescientificresearchshouldbedoneaboutit.Itmaybepopularizedinthefuture.Financialsupportfromthegovernmentisbadlyneeded.6、Imaginingaclean,greenfutureFifteenyearsago,thetinyIndianstateofSikkimcarriedoutanexperimenttophaseout

pesticidesoneveryfarminthestatesamovewithoutprecedentinIndia—andprobablytheworld.

ThechangewasespeciallysignificantforIndia,whereprogressinagriculturewasdefinedbytheintroductionoffertilizersandpesticides.Butwiththeuseofpesticidesatwillcameanincreaseincancerratesinindustrialfarmingareas.Riversbecamepollutedandsoilinfertile.Sikkim'sleaderssaytheyweredriventogoall-organicbythoseconcernsandbecausepesticideresidue（殘余）includingfromsomechemicalsbannedinothercountries-waspollutingfish,vegetablesandrice.Intheyearssincetheshifttoorganic.Sikkimhasoutlawedpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers,aidedfarmersincertifyingabout190,000acresoffarmlandasorganicandonApril1bannedtheimportofmanynonorganicvegetablesfromotherstates.Thetransitionhasnotalwaysbeeneasy： somefarmershavecomplainedthattheircropyieldshavedecreasedandthattheyhaven'tgottenenoughsupportfromthegovernment.DemandfororganicfoodishighinIndiaandgrowingfast.Concernaboutpesticidesanddesireforchemical-freefoodarefuelingamarketthatisgrowing25percentayear,morethan16percentglobally,accordingtoarecentstudybytheAssociatedChambersofCommerceandIndustryofIndia,Thecountry'smarketforpackagedorganicproductsisnearly$8millionnowandisexpectedtotop$12millionby2020,thestudysaid.SikkimSofarPrimeMinisterNarendraModi'sgovernmenthasacceptedSikkimandorganicfarmingthroughoutIndia,pouringabout$119millionintosupportingorganicfarmersnationwide."TheapproachSikkimhasstartedwillbeadoptedbythewholeworldtomorrow.minister,PawanKumarChamlingsaid, “Thisisourvision!”SikkimWhydidtheIndianstateofSikkimstopusingpesticidesgradually?Pesticidescandamagesoil,cropsandotherlivingthings.Peopletheremadenoprogressbyusingpesticides.Pesticideswerebannedinothercountries.ItwassupportedbyIndiagovernment.HowisitgoingwithorganicfarminginSikkim?A.Theshifttoorganicfarmingisnotdifficult.Anyfarmlandswithoutpesticidesareorganic.AllthefarmersinSikkimlikeorganicfarming.Sikkim'sgovernmenthasmademucheffort.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupport “organicfoodhasabigmarketinIndia1 "?InParagraph2.InParagraph3.InParagraph4.InParagraph5.Fromwhichisthepassageprobablytaken?A.Atravelbrochure.Anagriculturalpaper.Ahealthmagazine.Ageographictextbook.7、Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.ButI'mjustakid,“youmightsay!Don'tworryaboutlittlethingslikeage.Forexample,onefamousinventor-BenjaminFranklin-gothisstartwhenhewasonly12.Atthatyoungage,hecreatedpaddlestohelphimswimfaster.Finallyhiscreationledtowhatweknowiscalledflippers!Soyoudon'thavetobeanadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhaveagreatideaforaninvention?Talktoafriendorfamilymemberaboutit.Getinputfromothersaboutyouridea.Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—calledaprototype（原型）一ofyouridea.Onceyouhaveaprototype,youcantestit.Sometimesyourideaturnsouttobenotasgreatasyouthought.Atothertimes,though,yourealizeitisagoodideaandyourprototypecanhelpyoufigureouthowtomakeitevenbetter.Ifyourideaisreallyagoodone,anadultcanhelpyoucontactcompaniesthatmightbeinterestedinit.Youwillalsowantanadult'shelptogetapatent（專禾U權(quán)）foryouridea,sothatitisprotectedandcan'tbestolenbysomeoneelse.Ifyouneedsomeinspiration,considerthesekidsandtheirinventions.JeanieLowinventedtheKiddieStoolwhenshewasjust11.It'safoldingstoolthatfitsunderthekitchensink.Kidscanunfolditanduseittoreachthesinkallbythemselves.Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.ChelseaLanmonreceivedapatentwhenshewasjust8forthe“PocketDiaper”,anewtypeofdiaperthatincludesapocketforholdingbabywipesandpowder.Somechildrenmightsay,"ButI'mjustakid."TheyprobablymeanTheyaretooyoungtoachieveanythingTheycandoanythingthoughtheyareyoungTheyareoldenoughtobecomeinventorsTheyhavetolearnknowledgefromotherpeopleKidscanalsobeinventorsbecausetheywouldliketomakefriendswithotherstheyusuallyworkhardattheirlessonsatschooltheylikeplayingallkindsoftoysathometheythinkaboutthingsinquitedifferentwaysWhoinventedsomethingthathelpstheblindtoread?JeanieLow.BenjaminFranklin.C.LouisBraille.D.ChelseaLanmon.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?KidsHaveCuriosityandImaginationThereAreSomeWorldFamousInventorsKidsAreExactlyLikeAdultsinaWayItIsPossibleforKidstoBeInventors8、Oneambitioushighschoolstudentknewexactlyhowtoshowhisfamilythathegotacceptedintohisdreamcollege—bysurprisingthemonChristmasDay.BarringtonLincoln,classpresidentatLutheranHighSchoolNorthinFerguson,gotacceptedintoMorehouseCollegeinAtlantabackonDec.15.Butformonths,heknewhewantedtomakethenewsknowninabigwaytohismotherandaunt,LincolntoldABCNews. "IthoughtofthesurpriseinOctober,“hesaid,addingthatoncehegotacceptedhewouldpurchasetwoschoolT-shirtsfromMorehouse'sonlinestore.OnChristmasDay,inanowvideoonTwitter,Lincoln,17,giftedhismomLisaMcDonaldandhisauntShirleyGraytheT-shirtswiththeschool'snameonit.Whenthetwosistersopenedthegifts,theyhadnoideawhattheymeant.Inthevideo,Lincolnnudges（用月寸輕推）hisfamily,“Youknowwhatthatmeansright?Igotin!”WhileMcDonaldfallsheavilyonthecouchindelight,Grayasks, "You'vebeenholdingonus?”“Ididn'texpectanythinglikethat, "McDonaldtoldABCNews."It'ssosatisfyingtosecgetthereturnonhisstudying. "HHealwayswantedtobethefirstinlineandhelpeverybodystayinline,"hismotheradded.McDonaldsaidit'sespeciallysweetsinceshehadtoworkanextrajobtoaffordhisprivateschoolafterhisfather,aformerMarine,passedawayin2015.Lincolnwasonly15.“Allkidsneedtohavequalityeducation, “themotheradded. "Iarm^puttinganinvestment（資）inhisfuture. "1.WhatdidLincolnchoosetwoT-shirtsforhismotherandauntmainlyfor?A.Toshowhelovesthemforever.B.TogivethemaChristmasgift.C.Totellthemhisacademicsuccess.D.Toshowhehadgrownupalready..HowdidLincoln'smotherandauntfeelwhentheysawhispresents?A.Puzzled.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.D.Embarrassed..Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedsentence "You'vebeenholdingoutonusA.You'vebeentellingalietothetwoofus.B.You'vebeenlongingtotellusthetruth.C.You'vebeenplayingajokewithtwoofus.D.You'vebeenkeepingitasecretfromus..Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Lincoln'sparentscouldhardlyaffordhiseducation.B.Lincoln'smotherfelthereffortspaidoffatlast.C.LincolnboughttheT-shirtsinthelocalsupermarket.D.ThevideohadbeenpopularbeforeDecember15.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.D2.B3.D解析：1.D詞義推斷題。由第1段可知，上個月在洛杉磯 的聯(lián)合車站，一塊用別針別滿了美元的牌子上面寫著“給予你所能給予的 ，拿走你所需要的”。由此可判斷出第1段中的moneywithnostringsattached是“無條件提供的錢”的意思。B推斷題。由第2段可知，發(fā)起該項活動的布里 奇斯說：“各個年齡段、種族和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的人都會付出和索取。甚至有一位穿著婚紗的新娘來到 了牌子前.拿走了一些錢。”所以通過布里奇斯所說 的話我們可以判斷出，他提到新娘就是想說明這項 活動吸引了各種各樣的人。D細(xì)節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第2段第1句可知.盡管這段視頻看起來像是一項新的廣告活動的一部分，但是布里奇斯說這次活動唯一的目標(biāo)是表現(xiàn)出慷慨和 同情。所以布里奇斯開展這個活動是為了提倡仁慈和同情。2答案及解析：答案：1.D2.C3.B解析：1.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第1段中的"thisceremonygivesvisitorsthechancetoseethegrandeurofaroyalmarch"可知答案。C推斷題。根據(jù)"ThingstoKnowBeforeYouGo"部分中的"BuckinghamPalace'sChangingoftheGuardCeremonytakesplacedailyat11: 30amandlastsabout45minutes."可知，白金漢宮的衛(wèi)兵換崗儀式每天上午十一點(diǎn)半開始， 持續(xù)大約四十五分鐘， 即大約十二點(diǎn)一刻結(jié)束，因此游客在上午十一點(diǎn)四十五可以看到衛(wèi)兵換崗儀式。B推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句"Notethattheceremonymaybecanceledinbadweather."可知，白金漢宮的衛(wèi)兵換崗儀式在天氣不好時可能被取消。 由此可以推斷，衛(wèi)兵換崗儀式并不是每天都有。3答案及解析：答案：1.C;2.B;3.A;4.D解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的 "AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys…Theresearchesthentestedhow可知，在對這些猴子進(jìn)行測試之前 ，研究者們對它們進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)。故C選項正確。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的 "Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreen ???Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreen,theywouldberewardedwithsevendropstheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwith??可知，當(dāng)猴子觸摸屏幕左邊時，它們會得到7滴水或者果汁的獎勵；當(dāng)它們觸摸屏幕的另一端 （即畫著圓圈的部分）時，它們會得到17滴水或果汁的獎勵。由此可知，猴子是通過觸摸屏幕得到獎勵的。 B選項正確。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Themonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination和第五段中的"Whenaddingtwo