化學專業(yè)外語練習題

1、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstophosphate?(sodiumphosphite)(a)PH3(b)Na3PO3(c)Na3PO4(d)P2、b1Hand2Hare____andoccupythesamepositioninperiodicTable.(a)isomers(b)isotopes(c)redoxbodies(d)amphotericcompounds3、dThe____ofacarbonis12(a)theweightofmolecule(b)molecularnumber(c)theweightofatom(d)atomicweight4、Whichofthefollowingbelongtonitrate?C(a)NH3(b)KNO3(c)KNO2(d)NO5、Whichofthefollowingbelongstosecondaryamine?B

4、Thenumberofoutmostelectronincarbonatomis_C_.(a)1(b)2(c)4(d)65、InreactionH2+CuO—H2O+Cu,__B__isreduced.(a)H2(b)CuO(c)Cu(d)H2O6、Whichofthefollowingischarged?_C_(a)atom(b)molecule(c)proton(d)neutron7、WhofirstpresentedPeriodicTableofelements?C(a)Democritus(b)Boyle(c)Mendeleev(d)

Dalton8、Whichofthefollowingisclassifiedintoamine?B(a)NH3(b)CH3NH2(c)NaNH2(d)N29、Thesubstancesontheleftsideofthechemicalequationareknownas__d_.(a)reactant(b)reactor(c)reductant(d)reaction10、Whofirstpresentthemodelofanatomin1900s?b(a)Plato(b)Dalton(c)Mendeleev(d)Boyle

11、Whichofthefollowingbelongstonitrite?b(a)HNO2(b)KNO2(c)Mg3N2(d)NH312、Whichofthefollowingbelongstometal?b(a)selenium(b)sodium(c)Tellurium(d)Helium13、dTheelementaryparticleof____isuncharged.d(a)proton(b)electron(c)ion(d)neutron14、dBrominehas____electronsinitsoutermostenergylevel.d(a)2(b)3(c)8(d)715、aWhichofthefollowingisnon-metal?(a)chlorine(b)lead(c)copper(d)mercury16、aTheatomicnumberofheliumis____.(a)2(b)4(c)3(d)0

17、dThehorizontalrowsoftheperiodictablearecalled____.(a)energylevel(b)groups(c)electronconfiguration(d)periods18、aThesymbolforelementsilveris____.(a)Ag(b)Sn(c)Hg(d)Au19、cTheatomicnumberofcarbonis____.(a)13(b)6(c)12(d)1

20、bWhichofthefollowingisinertelement?(a)hydrogen(b)helium(c)tellurium(d)potassium21、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstohalogen?(a)carbon(b)lithium(c)fluorine(d)neon22、aWhichofthefollowingbelongstonoblegas?(a)neon(b)potassium(c)iodine(d)lead

23、aWhichofthefollowingbelongstoalkalimetal?(a)silver(b)sodium(c)tellurium(d)bromine24、bWhichofthefollowingbelongstometalhalide?(a)KClO3(b)KCl(c)HCl(d)Cl225、aThe____ofcarbonisis1s22s22p2(a)electronconfiguration(b)periodicity(c)generalproperty(d)inertness26、bThegeneralpropertyofmetalis____.(a)soft(b)lustrous(c)flammable(d)toxic27、c

Fluorine,chlorine,bromineandiodinebelongto____group.(a)alkalinemetal(b)transitionmetal(c)halogen(d)alkalineearthmetal28、b

Fewreactionsoccuronheliumandargon,sothetwoelementsarechemically____.(a)reactive(b)inert(c)mild(d)strong29、a

Thestandardenthalpyfornormaloxygenis____.(a)0(b)>0(c)<0(d)≠0

30、cThemaximumelectronegativeelementinPeriodicTableis____.(a)H(b)Na(c)F(d)He31、bWhichofthefollowingbelongstothecomplex?

(a)FeF3(b)Na3[FeF6](c)Fe3O4(d)Fe32、dWhensolidNaClisputintowater,thesolid“disappears”.Thewholesystemiscalled____.(a)soluble(b)solvent(c)solubility(d)solution

33、dMn2+canbe____toMNO4-by(NH4)2S2O8in(a)reduced(b)exchanged(c)substituted(d)oxidized

34、aChargedatomsarecalled____.

(a)ions(b)protons(c)electrons(d)molecules35、bWhichofthefollowingisclassifiedintooxo-anion?

(a)O2-(b)SO42-(c)S2-(d)S2-36、aReactionCH4+Cl2→CH3Cl+HCliscalled____reaction.

(a)substitution(b)oxidation(c)reduction(d)exchange37、cBenzeneisoftenusedas____bothinlaboratoryandinchemicalindustry.(a)solution(b)solvation(c)solvent(d)solute

38、cStandardentropyofanyspeciesis____.(a)0(b)≤0(c)＞0(d)both(b)and(c)

39、bIfaqueousNaCliswantedtoseparate,____isgoodchoice.(a)substitution(b)distillation(c)coordination(d)bond

40、bAlcoholisreadily____andwesmelliteverywhereinair.

(a)soluble(b)volatile(c)reactive(d)precipitated41、bAsageneralrule,thecoordinationcompounds(thecomplex)withcoordinationnumberofsixareobserved_____structure(a)tetrahedral(b)octahedral(c)octagonal(d)bipyridyl

42、dThedemandedenergythatagaseousneutralatomlosesoneelectronatthermodynamicstandardconditioniscalledthefirst____.(a)energylevel(b)electronconfiguration(c)activationenergy(d)ionizationenergy

43、cNaClis____inwater.

(a)solution(b)solvent(c)soluble(d)precipitated44、dWhenAgNO3ismixedwithNaCl,AgCl____isdeveloped.(a)solution(b)solvent(c)soluble(d)precipitated

45、bWhichofthefollowingbelongstohydrocarbon?(a)C11H22O11(b)C8H18(c)CH3COOH(d)H2SO4

46、aInK4[FeF6],thechargeofthecomplexpartis____.

(a)-4(b)+2(c)+1(d)–147、bWhichofthefollowingbelongstosubstitutionreaction?

(a)H2+Cl2—HCl(b)C6H6+Cl2—C6H5Cl+HCl(c)H2O—H2+O2(d)S+O2—SO248、aInK4[FeF6],theoxidationnumber(orstate)ofFeis____.(a)2(b)0(c)6(d)449、__c__isdefinedasrequiredenergytobreakchemicalbondintoneutralspeciesatthermodynamicstandardcondition.ForexamplebreakingH－HbondintotwoH·atomrequires104kJ/mol.(a)Latticeenergy(b)Hydrationenergy(c)Bondenergy(d)Activationenergy50、aWhengaseousHCldissolvesintowater,____solutionforms.(a)acidic(b)basic(c)salty(d)no51、bWhenioniccompoundsdissolveinwater,theionsinteractwithwatermolecules.Suchprocessiscalled____.(a)coprecipitation(b)ionization(c)hydration(d)coordination52、dWhenionsdissolveinwater,theyaresurroundedbywatermolecules.Suchprocessiscalled____.(a)sublimation(b)substitution(c)ionization(d)solvation53、cWhenbenzeneisaddedinaqueoussolutioncontainingiodine,mostofiodinethentransfersintobenzenebecauseofthemoresolubilityofiodineinbenzene.Suchprocessiscalled___.(a)refinement(b)titration(c)extraction(d)diffraction54、dWhichofthefollowingisclassifiedintotransitionelement?(a)silicon(b)tin(c)helium(d)copper55、__b__H2SO4isoftenusedinchemicalexperiment.(a)Volatile(b)Concentrated(c)Flammable(d)Inert56、aElectrolysisofaqueoussolutionwillproduce____.(a)H2(b)H(c)water(d)

OH-57、dZincreactswith____H2SO4togeneratehydrogengasatroomtemperature.(a)concentrated(b)cold(c)hot(d)dilute58、aWhichofthefollowingbelongstooxoacid?(a)H2SO4(b)H2S(c)H2O(d)HS-59、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstodiatomicmolecule?(a)HCN(b)KClO3(c)HCl(d)C8H1060、cIfsolidNaClisaddedintoitssaturationsolution,____isdeveloped.(a)transparentsolution(b)colloidal(c)precipitate(d)dissolution61、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstoalkaliearthmetal?(a)potassium(b)lead(c)calcium(d)boron62、bWhichofthefollowingbelongstohydride?(a)CuSO4·5H2O(b)H2S(c)C6H6(d)H2SO463、aWhichofthefollowingbelongstocarbohydrate?(a)C11H22O11(b)C10H8(c)HCHO(d)CO264、aWhichofthefollowingbelongstorepresentativeelement?(a)carbon(b)iron(c)copper(d)zinc65、dWhichofthefollowingbelongstoalkalineearthelement?(a)potassium(b)mercury(c)boron(d)magnesium66、aBenzeneusuallycarriesout____reaction,asdescribedbelowC6H6+Cl2---------C6H5Cl+HCl(a)substituent(b)substitution(c)displacement(d)alternative67、aThegeneralformulaofsaturationalkaneis____(a)CnH2n+2(b)CnH2n(c)CnH2n-2(d)CnH2n-668、cThereare____carbonatomsinparentchainof2,3-dimethylbutane.(a)2(b)5(c)4(d)669、cWhichofthefollowingistrans-2-butene?

70、dThevinylgrouphasthestructureof____.(a)CH3CH2—(b)C6H5—(c)CH≡C—(d)CH2=CH—71、bCompoundsthatcontainingbothhydroxylsandcarbon-carbondoublebondsarecalled____(a)polyols(b)unsaturatedalcohols(c)cyclols(d)thiol72、cDienescontain____carbon-carbondoublebonds.(a)di-(b)eth-(c)two(d)secondary73、aWhichofthefollowingisclassifiedintoalkenol?(a)CH2=CHCH2OH(b)CH3CH2CH2OH(c)CH≡CCH2OH(d)HOCH2CH2CH2OH74、bVinylcyclopropaneisclassifiedinto____(a)alkane(b)alkene(c)alkyne(d)alkenyne75、cThefunctionalgroupofalcoholis____.(a)hydrate(b)hydroxide(c)hydroxyl(d)hydride76、aAlkynescontaincarbon-carbon____bond(a)triple(b)three(c)tertiary(d)prop77、bMethylenecyclopentaneisclassifiedinto____(a)alkane(b)alkene(c)alkyne(d)alkenyne78、cWhichofthefollowingistheformulaorgeneralformulaofammonia?(a)C6H5OH(b)C6H5NH2(c)NH3(d)RNH279、aAprimaryaminecontains____hydrogensattachedtoitsnitrogenatom.(a)2(b)3(c)4(d)no80、dReactionbetweenmethanamineandhydrochloricacidproduces___salt.(a)imide(b)imine(c)amide(d)ammonium81、bThefunctionalgroupofamineis____.(a)ammonia(b)amino(c)ammonium(d)ammine82、aAlkanescontaincarbon-carbon____bonds.(a)single(b)double(c)triple(d)both(b)and(c)83、d(+)-Glucose(C6H12O6)is___aldehyde,whichcontainshydroxylsanddistinguishesfromcommonaldehydesoralcoholsinproperties.(a)polyhydrate(b)many-hydrooxy(c)multihydroxyl(d)polyhydroxy84、bCompoundscontaining—OHandC=Cgroupsarecalled____alcohols,becauseofthepresenceofcarbon-carbondoublebonds.(a)primary(b)unsaturated(c)monohydroxyl(d)polyolic85、bOxacyclopropanecontains____atom(a)nitrogen(b)oxygen(c)sulfur(d)phosphorus86、aazacyclopropanecontains____atom(a)nitrogen(b)oxygen(c)sulfur(d)phosphorus87、azacyclopropaneisclassifiedinto___?_(a)amine(b)ether(c)alkane(d)alkene88、aOxacyclopropanecontains____carbons(a)2(b)3(c)4(d)589、dWhichofthefollowingbelongstotertiaryamine?(a)CH3NH2(b)(CH3)2NH(c)(NH3)3N(d)N(CH3)4+90、aWhichofthefollowingcontainscarbonylgroup?(a)CH3COOH(b)CH3OCH3(c)CH3CH2OH(d)CH3CH2Cl91/cWhichofthefollowingcontainshydroxylgroup?(a)CH3CHO(b)CH3OCH3(c)CH3CH2OH(d)CH3CH2Cl92、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstosaturatedketone?(a)CH3CHO(b)CH2=CHCOCH3(c)CH3CH2COCH3(d)CH3COOH

93、cCarboxylicacidsreactwithalcoholstoform____.(a)acidhalides(b)acidanhydrides(c)esters(d)amides94、cThegeneralformulaoforganicamidesis____.(a)RNH2(b)RNH3+X-(c)RCONH2(d)NaNH295、bDecarboxylation,eliminationofthe___asCO2isofimportanceforβ-ketoacid.(a)—OR(b)—COOH(c)—CHO(d)—CONH296、aReactionofacidchloridewithwaterforms____.(a)carboxylicacid(b)chlorocarboxylicacid(c)ester(d)phenol97、bWecandeducethatthiophenecontains___elementthoughitsdetailedstructureisunknown.(a)O(b)S(c)N(d)C98、aWhichofthefollowingisneutralizationreaction?(a)acidandbase(b)saltandsalt(c)saltandbase(d)acidsalt99、bReactionofcarboxylicacidwithalcoholisdefinedas____.(a)etherification(b)esterification(c)epoxide(d)elimination100、bReactionofacidanhydrideswithammoniaproduce____(a)ammonium(b)amide(c)amine(d)amino101、d

InK4[FeF6],theFeiscalled____.(a)dipolemoment(b)coordinationnumber(c)ligand(d)centreionoratom

102、aConcentrationofconcentratedsulfuricacidis______(a)18M(b)12M(c)6M(d)2M

103、aThedetailed,step-by-stepdescriptionofachemicalreactioniscalled____,e.g.,hydrogenreactswithoxygentogeneratewater.Suchreactioninvolvesthefollowingstep:H2→H·H·+O2→HO·+O·H·+HO·→H2O(a)mechanism(b)dynamicequation(c)activationenergy(d)process104、aHydrolysisofFeCl3shows____(a)acidic(b)neutral(c)alkaline(d)amphoteric105、cCarbocationcarries____charge.(a)no(b)neutral(c)positive(d)varying106、aAlargeexcessofalcoholisaddedinthefollowingreaction,CH3COOH+CH3CH2CH2OH------CH3COOC3H7+H2O,theequilibriumshifts____.(a)forwards(b)backwards(c)nothing(d)uncertainy107、cThereactionCH3COOH+C2H5OH-----CH3COOC2H5isa____reactionbecauseitproceedsinbothdirection.(a)forwards(b)backwardsc)reversibled)reverse108、aIfanentitycombineswithaproton,itiscalled____.(a)protonation(b)protolysis(c)protophile(d)non-protic109、cThekeyrawmaterialforchlor-alkaliis____.(a)lime(b)brine(c)sodaash(d)woodpulp

110、aSodaashiscomposedof____.

(a)sodiumcarbonate(b)sodiumbicarbonate(c)ammoniumbicarbonate(d)mixturebetweenandsodiumcarbonateandsodiumbicarbonate

111、cAccordingtothereaction2NaCl+2H2O---------2NaOH+H2+Cl2,therationofcausticsodatochlorineis____(a)1:2(b)1:1(c)2:1(d)1：0

112、cSodiumhydroxide,called____becauseofitscorrosion,willburnor,evencorrodeourtissueandskinifitspotsonthem.(a)sodaash(b)causticsodium(c)causticsoda(d)lime

113、dQuicklimeismanufacturedbythethermal_______(1200℃~1500℃)ofCaCO3-------CaO+CO2

(a)combination(b)transfer(c)hydrolysis(d)decomposition

114、bWhichoftheproductderivedfromchlor-alkaliindustry?

(a)electricity(b)chlorine(c)limestone(d)refractory115、cWhenanammoniatedsolutionofsaltisbubbledbycarbondioxide,theprocessiscalled____.(a)decomposition(b)calcine(c)carbonation(d)oxidation

116、cInSolvayProcess,separationbetweenNaHCO3precipitatesandliquorshouldbecarriedoutthrough____.(a)drying(b)distillation(c)filtering(d)concentration

117、cToremovesomewaterfromwetCaCO3,____isavailable.(a)electrolysis(b)metathesis(c)drying(d)solubilityproduct

118、cIfyouwanttoclearwaterfromaqueousNaCl,thereasonableapproachis____.(a)cracking(b)humidification(c)distillation(d)agitation

119、cIfasolidNaClisavailablefromitsaqueoussolution,thereasonablemethodis____(a)lixiviation(b)sedimentation(c)crystallization(d)centrifugation

120、dWhichofthefollowingisclassifiedintometathesis?(a)H2+O2—H2O(b)HCl+NaCl—NaCl+H2O(c)Zn+HCl—ZnCl2+H2(d)Na2SO4+BaCl2—BaSO4+NaCl

121、dSilicate-gelisoftenusedas____inchemicallaboratory.(a)oxidant(b)packingmaterial(c)initiator(d)dryingagent

122、bIfwewanttoobtainsolidNaClfromitsaqueoussolution,thereasonableoperationis____.(a)pyrolysis(b)crystallization(c)adsorption(d)adsorption

123、dWhichoneofthefollowingbelongstochloride?(a)Cl2(b)NaClO3(c)HClO3(d)NaCl

124、bAlldetergents,suchassoap,contain____.(a)chromatograph(b)surfactants(c)bleachingpowder(d)catalysts

125、Lookatthefollowingtwoelectrodereaction(1)or(2):(1)Cl--2e→Cl2(2)2H2O+2e→H2+2OH-aElectrode(1)is____(a)cathode(b)anode(c)negativeelectrode(d)electron

127、cBleachingpowderisoftenusedas____inpublicwatersupplies.(a)infection(b)alkalisource(c)disinfectant(d)rawmaterial

128、aTherawmaterialtoproducesulfuricacidis____.(a)sulfide(b)sulfur(c)sulfate(d)sulfonate

129、cElectrolysisofaqueousHClwillgenerate__？__.(a)hydride(b)hydrogenion(c)hydrogen(d)hydrate

130、bWhichofthefollowingshowsalkaline?(a)chlorine(b)causticsoda(c)sulfuricacid(d)hydrogen

131、aThemethodtoproduceindustriallysulfuricacidis____.(a)contactprocess(b)SolovyProcess(c)electrolysis(d)leadchamber

132、cWhichofthefollowingbelongstosulfide?(a)Na2S2O3(b)Na2SO3(c)Na2S(d)Na2SO4

133、cIfexcesssulfurtrioxideisdissolvedintopuresulfuricacid,____forms.

(a)concentratedsulfuricacid(b)dilutesulfuricacid(c)oleum(d)divanadiumpentoxide134、bThemethodtosynthesizeammoniais____.(a)SolvayProcess(b)HaborProcess(c)CatalyticReforming(d)methanation135、dPriortoreformingreaction,thesyngasrequires_______process,inwhichsulfur-containingcompoundsmustberemovedastheypoisonboththereformingcatalystsandHarbercatalysts.(a)sulfonation(b)sulfurization(c)sulfates(d)desulfurization136、dIfasteamisrequiredtobeconvertedintoliquid,_____isavailable.(a)absorptiontower(b)reformer(c)membranecell(d)condenser

137、cBenzeneis____withconcentratednitricacidtoformnitrobenzene,asdescribedbelow:C6H6+HNO3—C6H5NO2+H2O(a)nitrogenated(b)nitrized(c)nitrated(d)nitricated138、bThefollowingreactionisexothermic:4NH3+5O2—4NO+6H2O,therefore,lowtemperaturefavorsthereaction____.(a)backwards(b)forwards(c)noshift(d)uncertain139、aInthefollowingreaction,Cu+2H2SO4—CuSO4+SO2+2H2O____isoxidized.(a)Cu(b)H2SO4(c)SO2(d)H2O140、bTherawmaterialtoproduceindustriallynitricacidis____.(a)nitrogen(b)ammonia(c)amine(d)ammine141、aDehydrationofpurenitricacidwillgive____.(a)H2O(b)N2O5(c)NO2(d)NO142、cAbout65%nitricacidreactswithammoniatogive____.(a)nitrogen(b)ammoniumnitrate(c)nitrogendioxide(d)dinitrogenpentoxide.143、bWhichofthefollowingisanimportantprecursorforpetrochemicals?(a)ethane(b)ethylene(c)ethanol(d)ethanoicanhydride

144、aDemethylationofmethylcyclohexanegives____.

(a)cyclohexane(b)cyclohexyl(c)cyclohexene(d)benzene145、Dehydrogenationofcyclohexanegives__？__.(a)cyclohexene(b)cyclohexanone(c)cyclohexyl(d)cyclohexanecarboxylicacid

146、aPrecisely,themolecularweightofpolymer,oftengreaterthan107,equalstothatof____multipliedbydegreeofpolymerization.(a)monomer(b)mole(c)covalentbond(d)radical147、bVulcanizationofrubberreferstoadditionofsome____intheframeworkofrubberbody.(a)vanadium(b)sulfur(c)chlorine(d)nitrogen148、cWhenthedegreeofpolymerizationreacheslessthan20,wesaythepolymeris____.(a)theintermediate(d)thedistillate(c)oligomer(d)monomer149、cAtthetopofthedistillationtower,thereisa____tocoolthevaporintorefluxliquidandtorecycleintothetower.(a)heatexchanger(b)furnace(c)workingtank(c)condenser150、bInsulfuricacidindustry,elementalsulfuriscombustedin____togeneralsulfurdioxide.(a)fractionatingtower(b)furnace(c)steamstripper(d)workingtank151、cAtthebottomofthedistillationtower,thereisa(an)____toboiltheliquidintovaporandtorecycleintothetower.(a)still(b)auxiliary(c)tank(c)boiler152、dIfanew