2020近5年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)-非謂語(yǔ)固定搭配

近5年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)-非謂語(yǔ)固定搭配考點(diǎn)精講.非謂語(yǔ)doing作賓語(yǔ)①下歹U動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞： suggest,finish,avoid,stop,can'thelp,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,escape,pardon,advise,consider,imagine,keep,appreciate,eacape,permit。例如：Isuggestplayingfootball.(即suggest+doing)②下歹U動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)接動(dòng)名詞：leaveoff,putoff,giveup,lookforwardto,feellike,havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.devoteto,getusedto,payattentionto,befondof,beworth。例如：IamlookingforwardtovisitingBeijing.③介詞后要接動(dòng)名詞。whatabout、howabout、without、befondof、begoodat等介詞后接動(dòng)名詞。注意on/upondoingsth.=assoonas 弓I導(dǎo)的從中。作此意講時(shí)on/upon后也可以接名詞。如onhisarrival…。.非謂語(yǔ)todo作賓語(yǔ)（即某些動(dòng)詞后只能接todo作賓語(yǔ)）1）下歹U動(dòng)詞接不定式作賓語(yǔ)：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等例如：Sherefusedtofinishtheworklastweek..非謂語(yǔ)todo作定語(yǔ)，下列詞語(yǔ)后常接不定式作定語(yǔ)：chance、wish、right>courage、need、promise、plan、opportunity、way、thefirst、thesecond、thelast、theonly等。例如：Thewaytofinishthejobisveryeasy.Sheisthefirstpersontoarriveatthetrainstation..非謂語(yǔ)doing/todo 作動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)（但表示的意思不同）remember,forget,regret,try例句解析Iremembertomeetheratthestation.Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere.Iforgotgivingittoyouyesterday.Iforgottotellyouaboutit.Nowhereitis.Iregretnothavingworkinghard.Iregrettohearofyoursister'sdeath.Tryknockingatthebackdoor.Wemusttrytogeteverythingready.Thatwillmeanfloodingsomeland.IhadmeanttogoonMonday.stoptowatchTV.(兩件事IstopwatchingTV （一件事）remembertodosth.記住要做的事rememberdoingsth. 記得做過(guò)某事forgettodosth. 忘記要做的事forgetdoingsth. 忘記做過(guò)的事regrettodosth. 遺憾要去做某事regretdoingsth. 后悔做過(guò)某事trytodosth.盡力做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事meantodosth.打算做 ,想要meandoingsth.意味著，就是6.stoptodosth; 停下來(lái)去做某事stopdoingsth；停止當(dāng)前正在做的事7.goontodosth;繼續(xù)去做另一件事（兩件事）goondoingsth; 繼續(xù)去做當(dāng)前的事（一件事）.非謂語(yǔ)todo作賓補(bǔ)（即結(jié)構(gòu)asksbtodosth）常見的詞有：advise,allow,encourage,expect,forbid,force,invite.tell,want,warn,waitfor,order,persusade,require等例如：Thedocterwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat..某些動(dòng)詞后接do/doing作賓補(bǔ)例如：seesbdosth（看見某人作過(guò)某事）seesbdoingsth（看見某人正在做某事）該類的詞有：watch,notice,hear,feel,have等可接dosth或doingsth作賓補(bǔ);注意：let和make是接dosth作賓補(bǔ)；即：letsbdosthfind/leave/keep接doing作賓補(bǔ)即：findsbdoingsth3總結(jié)本小節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)只需要學(xué)生多記憶，按照固定搭配去做就可以了42015年一2019年全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法填空Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.(2016年全國(guó)1)解析：因?yàn)閕nclude后面接doing作賓語(yǔ)。所以填introducing;Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017年全國(guó)1)解析：考查requiresbtodosth的結(jié)構(gòu)；這里是被動(dòng)，直接填toprocess;Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet. (2017年全國(guó)1)解析：因?yàn)閎y是介詞，所以直接填eating；Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term(rest).(2017年全國(guó)3)解析：考查Spend+時(shí)間/錢+indoingsth 的結(jié)構(gòu)，填resting;ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017年全國(guó)3)解析：考查wanttodo的結(jié)構(gòu)，填toprove;Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong(see)thebenefit.(2018年全國(guó)1)解析：todo表示目的；填tosee；Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof（die）earlybyrunning.（2018年全國(guó)1）解析：因?yàn)閛f是介詞，所以填dying;Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto（strength）yourlegmuscles（肌肉）,avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes. （2018年全國(guó)1）解析：因?yàn)檫@里是做鍛煉來(lái)加強(qiáng)肌肉。to在這里是不定式填動(dòng)詞strengthen；Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid（look）directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged. （2018年全國(guó)3）解析：avoid接doing作賓語(yǔ)；填looking；Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme（stay）andwatch.（2018年全國(guó)3）解析:考查allowsbtodosth 的結(jié)構(gòu)，填tostay;Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive（perform）consistentlyoveralargearea.（2019年全國(guó)1）解析：考查adj+todo的結(jié)構(gòu)；填toperform;Scientistshaverespondedby（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements.（2019年全國(guó)1）解析：by是介詞，后面接doing作賓語(yǔ)；填noting；A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded"WomanOfTheYear"for_（be）Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.（2019年全國(guó)2）解析：for是個(gè)介詞，所以填being；Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement"award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans_（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.（2019年全國(guó)2）解析：plan是接todo的結(jié)構(gòu)，填toretire；短文改錯(cuò)Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.（2016年全國(guó)1）解析：考查beusedfor表被用來(lái)作什么；所以u(píng)sing改為used；Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip. （2016年全國(guó)2）解析：between是介詞，所以take改為taking；IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes. （2016年全國(guó)3）解析：by是介詞，所以wear改為wearing；Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup!” “Slowdown!”“Turningleft!”.（2017年全國(guó)1）解析：由“Speedup!” “Slowdown!”可知Turning改為Turn；Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.（2018年全國(guó)1）解析：by是介詞；sell改為selling;6一Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme. （2018年全國(guó)2）解析：考查