21世紀大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二冊課后練習(xí)答案(1-3單元)

21世紀大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二冊課后練習(xí)答案（1-3單元）第一單元TextComprehensionII．1.Itwasamilitarycampaigninwhichmanysoldiersdied.TheeffectsonChurchillwere()helosthispoliticalpositionandhewasoverwhelmedwithgrief.2.3.Hefeltsoinspiredtopaintthathewasdistractedfromhispersonalproblems.Hissister-in-law’spaintinginspiredhimtotryhishandatit;hiswiferushedouttobuyallthematerialshewouldneed;andthewifeofSirJohnLaveryhelpedhimovercomehisfearoftheblankcanvas.4.Theblankwhitenessofthecanvasmadehimfeelhedidn’tknowwheretobegin.ThisnervousnesswasnottypicalofChurchill,whowasknownpubliclyasabraveandstrong-willedperson.5.Churchillwascomparingthecanvastoanopponentinafight,andhecouldnowseethatheneednotfearhis“adversary”.6.7.HemeantthatChurchillwouldhavebeenagreatpainter,justashewasagreatpolitician.Itwashisgreatcomfortwhenthedeathofhismotherwasfollowedquicklybythedeathofhisdaughter.8.Becausethejudgessuspectedthatitwasnotpaintedbyanamateur;theywerelatersurprisedanddelightedbecauseChurchillwasnotjustafamouspoliticalfigurebutalsoatalenteduntrainedartist.9.No,sheconsidersthatdecadeanartisticallyfruitfulone.10.Hemeantthatpaintingwaslikeafriendwhoneverbetrayedorabandonedhim.Thisseemstosuggestthatheoftenfeltlonely,misunderstoodand/ordisappointedinhisrelationshipwithotherpeople.VocabularyIII.1.artistic2.overcome3.infinite4.plunged5.mission6.camgpain7.revived8.distract9.accustomed10.retreat11.precaution12.disastrousIV.1.delightedwith2.borefruit3.keptClementinecompany4.relyon5.takerefuge6.awakenpeopleto7.paytheprice8.chancedupon;datedfrom9.triedhishandat10.fellupon;cametoherrescueWordBuildingV.1.broadensthemind2.weakened3.sweetenDietCoke4.hardens5.strengthen6.deepenyourunderstandingofthecoursemateriall7.sharpenthekitchenknives8.reddened9.brighten;quickens10.lightenedVI.1.lucky2.wealthy3.tasty4.icy5.wavy6.smelly7.sleepy8.noisy(smellyisalsoplausible)9.healthy10.sunnyStructureVII.1.Amazedatthegreatchangesthataretakingplaceinshanghai,manyforeignvisitorsleaveChinawithacompletelynewviewofourcountry.2.Unpleasantlystartledbytheappearanceofamouse,wepromptlydecidedtocleanourapartment..Tiredoftheirowncooking,they’vedecidedtogotoarestaurantforachange.Frightenedbythehorrorfilm,thelittlegirlwasalerttoeverysoundinthehousethatnight.Deeplydisappointedwiththeactress’sperformance,tomsoonswitchedtoanotherchannel.Embarrassedaboutstillbeinginbedat10a.m.,whenmyfriendscameIpretendedtobesickwithaterribleheadache.VIII.1.SoIdid2.Sodidmybrother3.Soshewas4.Sotheydo;sodohisclassmates5.SoamIClozeIXlonely;overcame;refuge;finally;however;where;delighted;contemplated;entry;campaign;distract;plungedinto;Withinamonth;rescue;when;overwhelmingTranslationX.“‘在畫畫呢!’她大聲說道?！嗝从腥ぁ？赡氵€在等什么呢?把畫筆給我---大的那支?！偷赜霉P蘸起顏料，還沒等我緩過神來，她已經(jīng)揮筆潑墨在驚恐不已的畫布上畫下了有力的幾道藍色。誰都看得出畫布無法回擊。我不再遲疑。我抓起那支最大的畫筆，迅猛異常地向我可憐的犧牲品撲了過去。自那以后，我再也不曾害怕過畫布?！盭I1.Whenhiswifediedofastrokeinhersixties,the72-year-oldretiredprofessorwasoverwhelmedbygrief.Lifewouldbetoodifficultforhimwithoutanybodytorelyon.2.LastmonthtwoamateurpaintersheldanexhibitionoftheirpicturesinLondon.Manypeoplewenttoseeit,includingafewcelebratedprofessors.3.WhensevenastronautsdiedintheChallengerdisasterinthemid-1980s,itplungedthewholeworldintoshockandgrief.4.Aftercompletinghersecondprimeministry,sheremainedactivelyinvolvedinpoliticalaffairs.Shecametotherescueseveraltimeswhenthegovernmentwasindifficulty.5.Afterhisfailureintheelectioncampaign,Dr.Smithretiredtoasmallvillage,wherehetriedhishandatfarming.6.Aslongasyoukeepworkinghardallyourlife,youwillrecallyourpastwithaglowofsatisfaction.7.Wemustawakenpeopletotheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionnow,oritwillsoonbetooThatofficialwasremovedfromofficeforbeinginvolvedinapoliticalscandal.Hadheknownthislate.8.wouldhappen,hemighthaveacteddifferently.ReadingAnalysisXII.MajorEvent:Lifeandloveandhopeslowlyrevived.Howdidthechangehappen?(1)Churchillboughtanewhouse.(2)AnotherchildwasborntoChurchill.StructuredWritingXIII.Oneexample,forreferenceMysisterStephaniebeganherloveaffairwithtelevisioninthesecondgradeamidhighlyemotionalcircumstances.Shehadhadaquarrelwithherbestfriend,andfoundherselfaloneandlonelyeverydayafterschoolwithnothingtodo.That’swhenthemiracleoftelevisioncametoText第二單元ComprehensionII．a(chǎn).1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6F7.Tb.1.I2.I3.I4.N5.I6.N7.I8.NVocabularyIII.1.label2.converged3.sacrifices4.motivate5.transplanted6.horrified7.bond8.constitute9.surged10.prejudice11.resents12.recommendationsIV.NB.thesearenottheonlypossiblesynoms/definitions/translations.1.carriedout;conducted,performed2.ledto;resultedin,caused3.springsfrom;arisesfrom,comesfrom4.getahead;makeprogressinlife,achievemore,etc.5.showedup;appeared,arrived6.makeup;constitute,comprise7.owesitto;歸功于8.copewith;findawayofdealingwith,manage9.dividedthecakeinto;把蛋糕分成……10.excludedfrom;被剝奪了11.committedto;devotedto,dedicatedto12.makeitto;arriveatoronaftermucheffortV.1.senseofguilt2.finally3.imbuedherwith4.offspring5.horrified,motivatedme6.recommendations,Tostartwith7.na?ve8.bycontrastWordBuildingVI.2.misplaced2.mismatched3.misusing4.mislead5.misprintedStructureVII.6.misinformed7.misspelled8.misunderstood7.8.9.aftertheearthquakethegovernmentspentmillionsofdollarstohelpthevictimsrebuildtheirhouses.willyoureconsideryourdecision?Noonewantsyoutoleave.SomeofLuXun’swritingswerelostfordecades,buttheywererediscoveredinthemid-80s.10.Iseenoneedtorestatethepolicyonlatehomework.11.Thelibrary’sbeenrearranged,andIcan’tfindanyofthebooksIneed.12.Ihopethisdictionarywillbereprintedsoon—I’dliketobuyone.13.StevieWonder’searliestalbumshavebeenunavailableforseveralyears,butthey’rebeingre-releasednextmonth.14.Ididn’tcaremuchforthebookthefirsttime,butIenjoyeditwhenIrereadit.15.JohnHardingisbestknownforreinterpretingShakespeare’splays.16.You’vemisunderstoodme—letmerephrasewhatIsaid.VIII.A.gardenercalculatorreceivercontainercommanderremainderhikeinspectorsteamerprocessorsupervisebuildercontributorconsumerpaintteenagerB.1.mander8.container9.hiking10.teenagersStructureIX.Itwasforthebenefitoftheoldpeopleintheneighborhoodthatweorganizedthisvolunteergroup.Itisonlywhenwelookbackthatwerealizehowfarwehavecome.Itishissecretarywhodoesallthework.Itisthroughtheactofgivingthatweexperienceourfulleststrengthandpower..X.ItwasgoldthatledthemtoundertakethelongandriskyjourneytoCalifornia.AsIrecall,itwasyouwhosuggestedthisideainthefirstplace.Itwasn’tuntillastweekthattheyfinishedtheirreportontheproject.It’sherbeautifuleyesthatIcan’tforget.1.Theelephantweighsabout3,600kg,whereasthebluewhaleweighsupto130,000kg.2.Theword‘youngster’hasacheerfulconnotation,whereas‘offspring’soundsratherclinical.3.Confucianismemphasizesfamilyties,whereasProtestantismteachesindividualresponsibility.4.Theearliestmammalsappearedontheearthhundredmillionsyearsago,whereasthefirstevidenceofhumansdatesfromonlyaboutonemillionyearago.5.Theaimofthenaturalscienceistopredictandcontrolnaturalprocess,whereastheaimofthesocialscienceistounderstandhumanbehavior.6.Hemustbeaboutsixty,whereashiswifelooksaboutthirty.TranslationXI.儒教也為亞洲人的成功提供了另一個要素。在孔夫子的哲學(xué)中，家庭起著最重要的作用----這種定向引導(dǎo)人們?yōu)榧彝サ臉s譽而學(xué)習(xí)工作，而不僅僅是為了他們自己。一個人永遠無法報答他的父母，而且在亞洲人中間還有一種責(zé)任感、乃至負罪感，這是一種如同新教哲學(xué)在西方一樣的強大力量。XII.9.Femalestudentsconstitutethemajorityofourclass.Bycontrast,theirclassismadeupofmalesonly.10.AmericanchildrencanusuallywatchTVthreehoursaday,whereastheirChinesecounterpartshavetoworkontheirhomeworkduringmosttheirafter-schooltime.11.Hisdevelopmentofaseriesofnewresearchmethodsledtohishugesuccess.Hesaidheowedallthistohisparents’encouragement.12.Heresentedbeingexcludedfromdiscussionsthatdirectlyconcernedhisfuture.13.Thefactthattheseproblemsarecontinuallyshowingupsuggeststhatthisnewdevicehastobereadjusted.14.AsoneofthemanyAsianstudentswhohavesurgedintothebestAmericanuniversitiesinrecentyears,ZhangHuasaysthatmanyofhisideasarebasedontraditionalChinesephilosophy.15.Tostartwith,itisnotmerelymoneythatmakesMr.Youngworksohard.Heiscommittedtoeducatingtheyoungandtirestomotivatethemtogetaheadinlife.16.Astimewasrunningout,wedroveevenfasterinthehopethatwecouldmakeittotheairportintime.ClozeXIII1.immigrant2.than3.obligation4.motivated5.widespread6.however7.although8.discrimination9.but/although10.Oneday11.guilty12.horrified13.repay14.oweReadingAnalysisXII.Stevensonofferedthreerecommendations:Tostartwith,weneedhigherstandardsforourkidssecond,Americanparentsneedtobecomemorecommittedtotheirchildren’seducation.Andthird,ourschoolcouldbereorganizedinsimplebuteffectiveways.StructuredWritingXIII.Oneexample,forreferenceStudentsatouruniversityadmiretheirEnglishteachersforthreemainreasons.Tostartwith,theteachers’hardworkanddedicationarehighlyinspiringtous.Second,thewonderfullycreativelessonstheypreparestronglymotivateustostudyashardasweshould.Andthird,ourteachers’warmlyhumancharacterscreatebondsoffriendshipthatwilllastforever.第三單元TextcomprehensionII.1.Theauthoristalkingaboutculturaldifferences:differentwaysofdoingthingsindifferentcultures;differentattitudes,traditions,beliefs,etc.sheorhesaysneithersidecanunderstandbecausepeoplearenotusuallyconsciousoftheirdeepestculturalattitudes.2.TheAmericancompanyGeorgeworkedforstartedajointventurewithaJapanesefirm,andtheyneededsomeonetotraintheJapaneseengineers.Georgewasthemosthighlyqualifiedemployeefortheposition,andheacceptedatwo-yearcontractfortemporarytransfertoJapan.3.TheJapaneselikedGeorge’snonassertivenature,hisexpertiseandhiswillingnesstohelp;it’salsoimpliedthattheylikedhiseffortstolearnJapanese,andthatthesecretarieslikedthefactthathewassingle.ThesequalitiescontributedtohisbecomingaculturaltranslatorbymakingtheJapanesetrusthim,feelcomfortablewithhim,andgrowaccustomedtoaskinghimforallkindsofadvice.4.Hehadto‘reinvent’himselfbecausehisexpertiseasanengineerwasnolongerneeded,buthedidn’twanttoleaveJapan.Thecompanyacceptedhis‘reinvention’becausetheyhadheardlotsofhorrorstoriesaboutculturalconflictsandrecognizedthevalueofhavingsomeonelikeGeorgearound.5.Theauthormeansthatthemisunderstandingswerenotalwaysmerelylinguistic.6.TheexamplesimplythatthereisastronggrouporientationinJapanesebusiness,thatsentimentcanbeasimportantasprofitandefficiency,andthatemployeesmaybevaluedforsomethingotherthantheirmaterialcontributiontothecompany.thefactthattheseexamplesmystifiedtheUSsideimpliesthatinAmericanbusinessrelations,profitandefficiencyareconsideredmoreimportantthansentiment,andthatAmericansexpectlogicalexplanationsfordecisions,expenditures,etc.7.BecausethewordsandactionsoftheAmericanvisitorscouldbemisinterpretedbytheJapanese:thingsthatcouldseemcrazyorrudetotheJapanesearenormaltoAmericans.8.Becausetheauthorbelievesthatlanguageproblemsarenotaseriousbarrier,comparedwithculturaldifferences.VocabularyIII.1.surpassed2.approved3.ensure4.thriving5.escalated6.qualified7.represent8.apparent9.justify10.conflictsIV.1.goalongwith2.fromthefarmers’etoanend6.pickedup7.attimes8.gottenintothehabitof9.smoothover10.theotherwayaroundV.1.dueto2.thanksto3.dueto4.Thanksto5.dueto6.ThankstoWordBuildingVI.Interchangeable:thatcanbeusedinplaceofeachotherInterface:aplaceorareawheredifferentthingsmeetandhaveaneffectoneachotherIntercontinental:betweencontinentsIntersection:ajointwheretworoadsorlinescrossInterdisciplinary:involvingtwoormoredisciplinesInterview:erdisciplinaryVII.1.Almosteveryonewouldliketohavemoremoneyfornonessentialgoodsandservicesjustbecausetheymakelifealittlemorepleasant..6.Mr.Petersonisthechairmanofnonprofitcharityorganization.Hostilitytowardsoutsidersischaracteristicofbothhumansandnon-humans.AlthoughI’manonsmoker,Idon’tsupportdiscriminationagainstsmokers.ItwouldbenonsensetosaythatallAsiansocietiesarethesame.There’sadifferencebetweenusingwordsinanonstandardwayandusingthemincorrectly.ClozeVIII.1.among2.conflicts3.made4.understanding5.since6.consciousof7.so8.runinto9.with10.crazy11.thatis12.since13.That’sis14.escalating15.partiesTranslationIX.從一開始，喬治就被所有的日本雇員欣然接受。日方經(jīng)理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方業(yè)主的人，但喬治生性隨和，沒有人把他看作是對自己職業(yè)的一種威脅。所以他們喜歡就廣泛的各類問題征求他的意見，包括大洋彼岸他們的合作伙伴的古怪行為。公司上下的工程師們都珍視喬治的專業(yè)知識和他友好而技能熟練的幫助，他們已養(yǎng)成了一有問題----任何問題，就找他幫忙的習(xí)慣。辦公室里的秘書們都熱衷于幫助這個討人喜歡的單身漢學(xué)習(xí)日語。X.1.Whenthistemporaryjobcametoanend,Georgewasofferedapermanentjob,whichheacceptedatonce.2.ToensurethattheirventuresinJapanareprofitable,theAmericancompaniesneedculturaltranslatorsevenmorethanlanguagetranslators.3.Asaculturaltranslator,GeorgewaseagertohelptheJapaneseemployeeswhocametoaskhisadviceonagreatmanymatters,bothwithinandoutsideofhisfieldofex