Transitional-Words-and-Phrases-英語作文常用替換詞匯-

TransitionalWordsandPhrasesinEnglishWritingTransitionalWordsandPhrasesUsingtransitionalwordsandphraseshelpspapersreadmoresmoothly.TheyprovidelogicalorganizationandunderstandabilityandimprovetheconnectionsandtransitionsbetweenthoughtsAcoherentpaperallowsthereadertoflowfromthefirstsupportingpointtothelast.Transitionsindicaterelations,whetherwithinasentence,paragraphorpaper.Thislistillustrates"relationships"betweenideas,followedbywordsandphrasesthatcanconnectthemListingfirst,second,thirdthefirststepthesecondstep,thenextstepfirstlysecondlythirdlyinthefirstplaceinthesecondplacefinallyfirstfurthermore,finallylastbutnotleastfirstandmostimportantforonething,foranotherthingtobeginwith,next,then,finallytheformerthelatterParallelingornotonlybut(alsobothandeitherorthatis,andaswellasthat’stosayinotherwordsneithernorAddition:alsotooagainbesides,similarly,thencoupledwith,furthermorefurtherwhatismoremoreoverinaddition,likewiseaswellas,ConsequenceAccordinglyHencesubsequently,consequentlytherefore,thusthereupon/wherefore/,asaresultforthisreason,forthispurpose,otherwise,sothen/,Generalizinggenerallygenerallyspeaking,ordinarily,usuallyasarule,asusualforthemostpartExemplifyingchieflyespeciallyforinstance,inparticularmarkedlynamely,particularly,includingspecifically,suchasIllustration:forexample,forinstanceasanillustrationillustratedwith,asanexampleinthiscaseEmphasismostimportantofall,mostimportantlyaboveallchiefly,withattentiontoespeciallyparticularlysingularlyobviously,certainlyundoubtedlysurely,verylikelyindeedinfactExceptionasidefrombarring/besides,except,excepting,excludingexclusiveof,otherthanoutsideofsave<Nobodyelseknowsbarringyouandme.Restatement:inessenceinotherwordsnamelythatisthatistosayinshort,inbrief,toputitdifferently,putitanotherway1TransitionalWordsandPhrasesinEnglishWritingSimilarity:bythesametoken,identically,likewisethesameas,besimilartosimilarlybothandresemblehaveincommoninthesamewayequallyimportantcomparativelycorrespondinglycoupledwith/moreovertogetherwithTherearesimilaritiesbetweenandContrastandComparisonstilllikewiseyet,nevertheless,buthowever,Whereas/Whilecontrastwith/differfromconversely,insteadonthecontrary,incontrastratherUnlike;bedifferentfromContrarytoAsopposedtoAlthoughmorethanlessthannotsoas;ononehandontheotherhandSequenceatfirst,firstofalltobeginwith,inthefirstplace,atthesametimesimultaneously,inthemeantimemeanwhilewhilethenextstepnextthen,soonearlier,afterward,intimeinturn,lateron,fornow/forthetimebeing,laterwiththisinmind,inconclusionSummarizinginbriefbriefly,finallyafterall,allinall,allthingsconsideredbyandlargeinanycaseinanyeventinconclusiontoconclude,onthewholeinshortinsummaryinthefinalanalysis,inthelongrunonbalancetosumuptosummarize,Diversion:bytheway,incidentallyDirection:herethere,overtherebeyond,nearly,opposite,under,above,tothelefttotheright,inthedistanceTimenowinthepastuntilsoonrecentlyafterawhilelaternowadaysnotlongafterthenwhileinthemeantimebeforesincemeanwhileSpaceOrderunderthetableinthedistanceonthehilltopacrosstheriverinfrontoftheroomnexttothedoorinthebackoftheroomonthefrontwallonthetenthflooralongthestreetnearbyfarawayinsidethehouseoutsidetheschoolbehindthecupboardbythewindowroundthecornerontheoppositesideofthestreetatthefootofthemountainatthebottomoftheseaCauseandEffectsincesothat2TransitionalWordsandPhrasesinEnglishWritingbecausethusbecauseofthis/thathencebecauseofthefactthatthereforeasaresultaccordinglyasaresultofotherwisebeduetoberesponsibleforconsequentlycausebeaconsequenceofleadtoasaconsequenceofcontributetobethereasonforresultinfollowfrombringaboutresultfromgiverisetoBecarefulinchoosingappropriatetransitionalwordsandphrases因果關(guān)系1）.Thelate20thcenturywitnessedtheprosperityinscienceandtechnology；thereforeitgivesrisetothewideapplicationofcomputers.thereforeasaresultconsequently這組詞的用法是介于兩個句子之間,且后邊加逗號。2）。Thelate20thcenturywitnessedtheboomofscienceandtechnologythusgivingrisetothewideapplicationofcomputers。Thus用于句中,后加V—ing格式。3）.Thelate20thcenturywitnessedtheboomofscienceandtechnologyhencethewideproliferationofcomputers。Hence用于句中，后加n。格式。以上三句話的意思是相同的,可是應(yīng)用了差其他連詞出來的句子的收效完好不一樣樣。比較關(guān)系1)。From1950onwardsindustrialusegrewsteadilytojustover1000cubekmswhiledomesticuserosemoreslowlytoonly300cubekms.2）.Bycontrastthosewhohavespentsometimeearningalivingortravelingtootherplaceshaveabroaderviewoflifeandbetterpersonalresourcestodrawon?？梢妛hile表示從句和主句的比較,而bycontrast是兩個句子間的比較。再看下面這句話：3）.Insteadtheyreflectthepublicpopulationofsportingeneralandthelevelofpublicsupportthatsuccessfulstarscangenerate.利用instead來表示“可是"這樣一種比較關(guān)系，突出了連詞利用的多樣性和地道性。退步和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系1）。Inspiteofsomefluctuationintheexpectedpercentagestheproportionofolderpeoplewillprobablycontinuetoincreaseinthenexttwodecadesinthethreecountries.2）.Howeversportssalariesarenotdeterminedbyconsideringthecontributiontosocietyapersonmakesorthelevelofresponsibilityheorsheholds.表達(dá)退步關(guān)系的時候,用的連詞都是inspiteof,inspiteof表示盡管,后邊直接跟的是名詞也許代詞.轉(zhuǎn)折連詞however的用法很樸素，但利用卻很頻頻.★Howtoimprovesentencecoherencebyaddingtransitionalwords。Example：Overall,ManagementSystemsInternationalhasloggedincreasedsalesinevery3TransitionalWordsandPhrasesinEnglishWritingsector，leadingtoasignificantriseinthird-quarterprofits.Anotherimportantthingtonoteisthatthecorporationhadexpandeditsinternationalinfluence.Revision：Overall，ManagementSystemsInternationalhasloggedincreasedsalesineverysector，leadingtoasignificantriseinthird—quarterprofits。Theseimpressiveprofitsarelargelyduetothecorporation'sexpandedinternationalinfluence。Example：FearingforthelossofDanishlands,ChristianIVsignedtheTreatyofLubeck,effectivelyendingtheDanishphaseofthe30YearsWar.Butthensomethingelsesignificanthappened。TheSwedishinterventionbegan.Revision：FearingforthelossofmoreDanishlands，ChristianIVsignedtheTreatyofLubeck,effectivelyendingtheDanishphaseofthe30YearsWar。ShortlyafterDanishforceswithdrew,theSwedishinterventionbegan。Example：AmyTanbecameafamousauthorafterhernovel,TheJoyLuckClub，skyrocketedupthebestsellerlist.ThereareotherthingstonoteaboutTanaswell。AmyTanalsoparticipatesinthesatiricalgaragebandtheRockBottomRemainderswithStephenKingandDaveBarry。Revision:AmyTanbecameafamousauthorafterhernovel,TheJoyLuckClub,skyrocketedupthebestsellerlist。Thoughherfictioniswellknown,herworkwiththesatiricalgaragebandtheRockBottomRemaindersreceivesfarlesspublicity。ExerciseDirections：Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblankthereisatransitionalwordorphrasemissing。Youshouldchoosetheappropriatewordorphraseofeachblankfromthegivenwordsorphrasesbelow。Besuretouseeachofthegivenwordsorphrases,someofwhichmayappeartwice。Similarly，therefore,but,however，firstofall,and,even，finally，forexample，secondly，ontheotherhand，furthermore，third,when，，asaresultof,orneverthelessSinceweAmericansareablendofpeoplefrommanycountries，wehaveaveryshorthistorywhichcanproperlybecalled“American.”，itishardtofindcharacteristicswhichapplytoallAmericans。Wecombinemanyextremesfrommanydifferentcultures.____,wecanmakesomegeneralizations。Ourmaincharacteristicsincludeindividuality,acombinationofidealismandpracticality，materialism，____alackofparentalinfluence，allofwhichpermeateourlives.____,weAmericansvalueindividuality。Ourcountrywasfoundedbystrongindividuals，andwedonotliketobeforcedintoconformity。Therefore,weinsistonhavingagreatdealoffreedom。Interestinglyenough,____，mostAmericansusethisfreedomtobehaveverymuchlikemostotherAmericans，andwearesuspiciousofthosewhodonotconform.Hippiesareindividualists,____,butmostAmericansdonotlikethem。Bythesametoken，weconsiderourselvesveryfaithfultothelawsofourcountry,____therearefewamonguswhowouldbreakoneifitwasfeltthatnoharmwouldbedonebydoingso—suchasbyexceedingthespeedlimitorfailingtoreportinformallyreceivedcashincomeontaxforms.____，weAmericansarebothpracticalandidealistic.Weplacegreatvalueondoingthings4TransitionalWordsandPhrasesinEnglishWritingforourselves，forthisiswhatourpioneerforefatherswereforcedtodo。Manyforeignvisitorsaresurprisedtofindthatmanycouplesofcomfortablemeansdotheirownyardwork，theirownhousework,theirownrepairs.____,weareveryidealistic：Wethinkwehavethebestpolitical,social，andeconomicsystemyetdevised,andwe____expecteverythingtogosmoothly.____ouridealism，weareeasilydisillusioned.Thisiswhysomanymarriagesendindivorce-youngcouples’expectationsfrommarriageareunrealisticallyhigh.____，ithelpsexplainthedissatisfactionsandprotestsofmanyyoungpeople，and____olderpeople,whoenjoyoneofthehigheststandardsoflivingintheworld.A____characteristicsofusAmericansisthatmoneyismoreimportantthanprestigetous.Peopleworkextremelyhard，somany,unfortunately,eitherhavelittleleisuretime，ordonotknowhow