2022年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題及答案詳解和聽力原文第二套

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題預(yù)測(cè)第二套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhearingsomething.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA．,B),C．a(chǎn)ndD．,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron,AnswerShoot1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.1.A．Collegetuitionhasbecomeaheavyburdenforthestudents.B．Collegestudentsareingeneralpoliticallyactivenowadays.C．Heisdoubtfulabouttheeffectofthestudents'action.D．Hetookpartinmanyprotestswhenhewasatcollege.2.A．Jayisorganizingapartyfortheretiringdean.B．Jayissurprisedtolearnofthepartyforhim.C．ThedeanwillcometoJay'sbirthdayparty.D．TheclasshaskeptthepartyasecretfromJay.3.A．Hefoundhiswalletinhisbriefcase.B．Hewenttothelost-and-foundoffice.C．Helefthisthingswithhiscarinthegarage.D．Hetoldthewomantogoandpickuphiscar.4.A．Theshowhedirectedturnedouttobeasuccess.B．Hewatchesonlythosecomediesbyfamousdirectors.C．Newcomediesareexciting,justlikethoseinthe1960s.D．TVcomedieshavenotimprovedmuchsincethe1960s.5.A．Allvegetablesshouldbecookedfresh.B．Themanshouldtryoutsomenewrecipes.C．Overcookedvegetablesareoftentasteless.D．Themanshould.stopboilingthevegetables.6.A．Sortouttheirtaxreturns.B．Helpthemtidyupthehouse.C．Figureoutawaytoavoidtaxes.D．Helpthemtodecodeamessage.7.A．Hedidn'texpecttocompletehisworksosoon.B．Hehasdevotedawholemonthtohisresearch.C．Thewomanisstilltryingtofinishherwork.D．Thewomanremainsatotalmysterytohim.8.A．Hewouldliketomajorinpsychologytoo.B．Hehasfailedtoregisterforthecourse.C．Developmentalpsychologyisnewlyoffered.D．Thereshouldbemoretimeforregistration.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A．Thebrilliantproductdesign.B．Thenewcolorcombinations.C．Theuniquecraftsmanship.D．Thetextureofthefabrics.10.A．Uniquetouristattractions.B．TraditionalThaisilks.C．Localhandicrafts.D．Fancyproducts.11.A．Itwillbeonthefollowingweekend.B．Itwillbeoutintothecountryside.C．Itwilllastonlyoneday.D．Itwillstarttomorrow.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A．Agoodsecondaryeducation.B．Apleasantneighbourhood.C．Ahappychildhood.D．Ayearofpracticaltraining.13.A．Heoughttogetgoodvocationaltraining.B．Heshouldbesenttoaprivateschool.C．Heisacademicallygifted.D．Heisgoodatcarpentry.14.A．DonwellSchool.B．EnderbyHigh.C．CarltonAbbeyD．EnderbyComprehensive.15.A．PutKeithinagoodboardingschool.B．Talkwiththeirchildrenabouttheirdecision.C．Sendtheirchildrentoabetterprivateschool.D．Findoutmoreaboutthefiveschools.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnsewerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyonhavejustheard.16.A．Itwillbebrightlylit.B．Itwillbewellventilated.C．Itwillhavealargespaceforstorage.D．Itwillprovideeasyaccesstothedisabled.17.A．Onthefirstfloor.B．Onthegroundfloor.C．Oppositetothelibrary.D．Onthesamefloorasthelabs.18.A．Tomakethebuildingappeartraditional.B．Tomatchthestyleofconstructiononthesite.C．Tocuttheconstructioncosttotheminimum.D．Toembodythesubcommittee'sdesignconcepts.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A．Sellfinancialsoftware.B．Trainclientstousefinancialsoftware.C．Writefinancialsoftware.D．Conductresearchonfinancialsoftware.20.A．Unsuccessful.B．Tedious.C．Rewarding.D．Important.21.A．Heofferedonlinetutorials.B．Heheldgroupdiscussions.C．Hegavethetraineeslecturenotes.D．Heprovidedindividualsupport.22.A．Theemployeeswereabitslowtofollowhisinstruction.B．Thetrainees'problemshadtobedealtwithonebyone.C．Nobodyisabletosolvealltheproblemsinacoupleofweeks.D．Thefaultmightlieinhisstyleofpresentingtheinformation.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A．Theirparentstendtooverprotectthem.B．Theirteachersmeetthemonlyinclass.C．Theyhavelittleclosecontactwithadults.D．Theyrarelyreadanybooksaboutadults.24.A．Real-lifecasesaresimulatedforstudentstolearnlaw.B．Writersandlawyersarebroughtintotalktostudents.C．Opportunitiesarecreatedforchildrentobecomewriters.D．MoreTeacherandWriterCollaborativesarebeingsetup.25.A.Sixth-graderscanteachfirst-gradersaswellasteachers.B.Childrenareoftenthebestteachersofotherchildren.C.PairedLearningcultivatesthespiritofcooperation.D.Childrenliketoformpartnershipswitheachother.SectionCDirections..Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Testsmaybethemostunpopularpartofacademiclife.Studentshatethembecausetheyproducefearand(26)__________aboutbeingevaluated,andafocusongradesinsteadoflearningforlearning’ssake.Buttestsarealsovaluable.Awell-constructedtest(27)__________whatyouknowandwhatyoustillneedtolearn.Testshelpyouseehowyourperformance(28)__________thatofothers.Andknowingthatyou’llbetestedon(29)__________materialiscertainlylikelyto(30)__________youtolearnthematerialmorethoroughly.However,there’sanotherreasonyoumightdisliketests:Youmayassumethattestshavethepowerto(31)__________yourworthasaperson.Ifyoudobadlyonatest,youmaybetemptedtobelievethatyou’vereceivedsome(32)__________informationaboutyourselffromtheprofessor,informationthatsaysyou’reafailureinsomesignificantway.Thisisadangerous—andwrong-headed—assumption.Ifyoudobadlyonatest,itdoesn’tmeanyou’reabadpersonorstupid.Orthatyou’llneverdobetteragain,andthatyourlifeis(33)__________.Ifyoudon'tdowellonatest,you’rethesamepersonyouwerebeforeyoutookthetest—nobetter,noworse.Youjustdidbadlyonatest.That’sit.(34)__________,testsarenotameasureofyourvalueasanindividual—theyareameasureonlyofhowwellandhowmuchyoustudied.Testsaretools;theyareindirectand(35)__________measuresofwhatweknow.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forinvestorswhodesirelowriskandguaranteedincome,U.S.governmentbondsareasecureinvestmentbecausethesebondshavethefinancialbackingandfullfaithandcreditofthefederalgovernment.Municipalbonds,alsosecure,areofferedbylocalgovernmentsandoftenhave___36___suchastax-freeinterest.Somemayevenbe___37___.Corporatebondsareabitmorerisky.Twoquestionsoften___38___first-timecorporatebondinvestors.Thefirstis“IfIpurchaseacorporatebond,doIhavetoholdituntilthematuritydate?”Theanswerisno.Bondsareboughtandsolddailyon___39___securitiesexchanges.However,ifyoudecidetosellyourbondbeforeitsmaturitydate,you’renotguaranteedtogetthefacevalueofthebond.Forexample,ifyourbonddoesnothave___40___thatmakeitattractivetootherinvestors,youmaybeforcedtosellyourbondata___41___,i.e.,apricelessthanthebond’sfacevalue.Butifyourbondishighlyvaluedbyotherinvestors,youmaybeabletosellitatapremium,i.e.,apriceaboveitsfacevalue.Bondpricesgenerally___42___inversely(相反地)withcurrentmarketinterestrates.Asinterestratesgoup,bondpricesfall,andviceversa(反之亦然).Thus,likeallinvestments,bondshaveadegreeofrisk.Thesecondquestionis“HowcanI___43___theinvestmentriskofaparticularbondissue?”Standard&Poor’sandMoody’sInvestorsServiceratethelevelofriskofmanycorporateandgovernmentbonds.And___44___,thehigherthemarketriskofabond,thehighertheinterestrate.Investorswillinvestinabondconsideredriskyonlyifthe___45___returnishighenough.A)advantagesB)assessC)botherD)conservedE)deductionF)discountG)embarrassH)featuresI)fluctuateJ)indefiniteK)insuredL)majorM)naturallyN)potentialO)simultaneouslySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.LessonsFromaFeministParadiseA．Onthesurface,Swedenappearstobeafeministparadise.LookatanyglobalsurveyofgenderequalityandSwedenwillbenearthetop.Family-friendlypoliciesareitsnorm--with16monthsofpaidparentalleave,specialprotectionsforpart-timeworkers,andstate-subsidizedpreschoolswhere,accordingtoagovernmentwebsite,"gender-awarenesseducationisincreasinglycommon."Duetoanunofficialquotasystem,womenhold45percentofpositionsintheSwedishparliament.TheyhaveenjoyedtheprotectionofgovernmentagencieswithtitlesliketheMinistryofIntegrationandGenderEqualityandtheSecretariatofGenderResearch.SowhyareAmericanwomensofaraheadoftheirSwedishcounterpartsinbreakingthroughtheglassceiling?B．Inareport,theWorldEconomicForumfoundthatwhenitcomestoclosingthegendergapin“economicparticipationandopportunity,"theUnitedStatesisaheadofnotonlySwedenbutalsoFinland,Denmark,theNetherlands,Iceland,Germany,andtheUnitedKingdom.Sweden'srankinthereportcanlargelybeexplainedbyitspoliticalquotasystem.ThoughtheUnitedStateshasfewerwomenintheworkforce(68percentcomparedtoSweden's77percent),Americanwomenwhochoosetobeemployedarefarmorelikelytoworkfull-timeandtoholdhigh-leveljobsasmanagersorprofessionals.Theyalsoownmorebusinesses,launchmorestart-ups(新開辦旳公司),andmoreoftenworkintraditionallymalefields.Asforbreakingthroughtheglassceilinginbusiness,Americanwomenarewellinthelead.C．WhatexplainstheAmericanadvantage?HowcanitbethatsocietieslikeSweden,wheregenderequalityisvigorouslypursuedandenforced,havefewerfemalemanagers,executives,professionals,andbusinessownersthanthelaissez-faire(自由放任旳)UnitedStates?AnewstudybyCornelleconomistsFrancineBlauandLawrenceKahngivesanexplanation.D．Generousparentalleavepoliciesandreadilyavailablepart-timeoptionshaveunintendedconsequences:insteadofstrengtheningwomen'sattachmenttotheworkplace,theyappeartoweakenit.Inadditiontoa16-monthleave,aSwedishparenthastherighttoworksixhoursaday(forareducedsalary)untilhisorherchildiseightyearsold.Mothersarefarmorelikelythanfatherstotakeadvantageofthislaw.Butextendedleavesandpart-timeemploymentareknowntobeharmfultocareers--forbothgenders.Andwithwomenasecondfactorcomesintoplay:mostseemtoenjoytheflexible-timearrangement(onceknownasthe“mommytrack")andneverfindtheirwaybacktofull-timeorhigh-levelemployment.Insum:generousfamily-friendlypoliciesdokeepmorewomeninthelabormarket,buttheyalsotendtodiminishtheircareers.E．AccordingtoBlauandKahn,Swedish-stylepaternal(爸爸旳)leavepoliciesandflexible-timearrangementsposeasecondthreattowomen'sprogress:theymakeemployerscautiousabouthiringwomenforfull-timepositionsatall.Offeringajobtoamanisthesaferbet.Heisfarlesslikelytotakeayearofparentalleaveandthenreturnonareducedworkscheduleforthenexteightyears.F．Ibecameawareofthetrialsofcareer-focusedEuropeanwomenafewyearsagowhenImetapost-doctoralstudentfromGermanywhowasthenavisitingfellowatJohnsHopkins.ShewasastonishedbytheprofessionalpossibilitiesaffordedtoyoungAmericanwomen.HerbesthopeinGermanywasagovernmentjob-prospectsforwomenintheprivatesectorweredim."InGermany,"shetoldme,"wehaveallthebenefits,butemployersdon'twanttohireus."G．SwedisheconomistsMagnusHenreksonandMikaelStenkulaaddressedthefollowingquestionintheirstudy:whyaretheresofewfemaletopexecutivesintheEuropeanegalitarian(平等主義旳)welfarestates?Theiranswer:"Broad-basedwelfare-statepolicieshinderwomen'srepresentationinelitecompetitivepositions."H．ItistemptingtodeclaretheSwedishpoliciesregressive(退步旳)andhailtheAmericansystemassuperior.Butthatwouldbeshortsighted.TheSwedescancertainlytakealessonfromtheUnitedStatesandlookforwaystoclearapathfortheirambitiousfemalecareerists.Butmostwomenarenotcommittedcareerists.WhenthePewResearchCenterrecentlyaskedAmericanparentstoidentifytheir“ideal"lifearrangement,47percentofmotherssaidtheywouldprefertoworkpart-timeand20percentsaidtheywouldprefernottoworkatall.Fathersanswereddifferently:75percentpreferredfull-timework.SomeversionoftheSwedishsystemmightworkwellforamajorityofAmericanparents,buttheUnitedStatesisunlikelytofullyembracetheSwedishmodel.Still,wecanlearnfromtheirexperience.I)Despiteitsfailuretoshattertheglassceiling,Swedenhasoneofthemostpowerfulandinnovativeeconomiesintheworld.Inits-survey,theWorldEconomicForumrankedSwedenastheworld’sthirdmostcompetitiveeconomy;theUnitedStatescameinfifth.Sweden,dubbedthe“rockstaroftherecovery”intheWashingtonPost,alsoleadstheworldinlifesatisfactionandhappiness.Itisasocietywellworthstudying,anditseffortstoconquerthegendergapimpartavitallesson—thoughnotthelessontheSwedeshadinmind.J)Swedenhasgonefartherthananyothernationonearthtointegratethesexesandtoofferwomenthesameopportunitiesandfreedomsasmen.Fordecades,thesedescendantsoftheVikingshavebeentryingtoshowtheworldthattherightmixofenlightenedpolicy,consciousnessraising,andnon-sexistchildrearingwouldclosethegenderdivideonceandforall.Yetthedividepersists.K)ApressreleasefromStatisticsSwedenbearsthetitle"GenderEqualityinSwedenTreading(踩)Water"andnotes:Thetotalincomefromemploymentforallagesislowerforwomenthanformen.~Oneinthreeemployedwomenandoneintenemployedmenworkpart-time.Women'sworkingtimeisinfluencedbythenumberandageoftheirchildren,butmen'sworkingtimeisnotaffectedbythesefactors.Ofallemployees,only13percentofthewomenand12percentofthemenhaveoccupationswithanevendistributionofthesexes.L)Confrontedwithsuchfacts,someSwedishactivistsandlegislatorsaredemandingmoreextremeandfar-reachingmeasures,suchasreplacingmaleandfemalepronounswithaneutralalternativeandmonitoringchildrenmorecloselytocorrectthemwhentheygravitate(被吸引)towardgenderedplay.Whenitcametolightlastyearthatmothers,farmorethanfathers,chosetostayhomefromworktocarefortheirsickkids,UlfKristersson,ministerofsocialsecurity,quicklycommissionedastudytodeterminethecausesofandpossiblecuresforthisdisturbingstateofaffairs.M)Swedishfamilypolicies,byaccommodatingwomen'spreferenceseffectively,arereducingthenumberofwomeninelitecompetitivepositions.TheSwedeswillfindthisparadoxicalandtrytofindsolutions.Letushopethesedonotincludebanninggenderpronouns,policingchildren'splay,implementingmoregenderquotas,ortreatingwomen'sspecialattachmenttohomeandfamilyasasocialinjustice.Mostmothersdonotaspireto(向往)elite,competitivefull-timepositions:theSwedishpolicieshavegiventhemthefreedomandopportunitytolivethelivestheyprefer.AmericansshouldlookpastthegenderrhetoricandconsiderwhattheseScandinavianshaveachieved.Ontheirwaytocreatingafeministparadise,theSwedeshaveunintentionallycreatedahaven(避風(fēng)港)fornormalmortals.46.Swedenhasdonemorethanothernationstoclosethegendergap,butitcontinuestoexist.47.Swedenisoneofthemostcompetitiveeconomiesintheworldanditspeopleenjoythegreatestlifesatisfaction.48.MoreAmericanwomenholdelitejobpositionsinbusinessthanSwedishwomen.49.Swedishfamily-friendlypoliciestendtoexertanegativeinfluenceonwomen'scareers.50.ThequotasysteminSwedenensureswomen'sbetterrepresentationingovernment.51.ThoughtheSwedishmodelappearsworkableformostAmericanparents,itmaynotbeacceptedbytheminitsentirety.52.Swedishwomenareallowedthefreedomandopportunitytochoosetheirownwayoflife.53.Swedishemployersarehesitantabouthiringwomenforfull-timepositionsbecauseofthefamily-friendlypolicies.54.Gender-awarenesseducationisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinstate-subsidizedpreschoolsinSweden.55.SomelawmakersinSwedenproposethatgenderlesspronounsbeusedintheSwedishlanguage.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA．,B．,C．a(chǎn)ndD．.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Textinghaslongbeenbemoaned(哀嘆)asthedownfallofthewrittenword,"penmanshipforilliterates,"asonecriticcalledit.TowhichtheproperresponseisLOL.Textingproperlyisn'twritingatall.It'sa"spoken"languagethatisgettingricherandmorecomplexbytheyear.First,somehistoricalperspective.Writingwasonlyinvented5500yearsago,whereaslanguageprobablytracesbackatleast80000years.Thustalkingcamefirst;writingisjustacraftthatcamealonglater.Assuch,thefirstwritingwasbasedonthewaypeopletalk,withshortsentences.However,whiletalkingislargelysubconsciousandrapid,writingisdeliberateandslow.Overtime,writerstookadvantageofthisandstartedcraftinglong-windedsentencessuchasthisone:"Thewholeengagementlastedabove12hours,tillthegradualretreatofthePersianswaschangedintoadisorderlyflight,ofwhichtheshamefulexamplewasgivenbytheprincipalleadersand..."Noonetalkslikethatcasually--orshould.Butitisnaturaltodesiretodosoforspecialoccasions.Intheolddays,wedidn'tmuchwriteliketalkingbecausetherewasnomechanismtoreproducethespeedofconversation.Buttextingandinstantmessagingdo--andarevolutionhasbegun.Itinvolvesthecrudemechanicsofwriting,butinitseconomy,spontaneityandevenvulgarity,textingisactuallyanewkindoftalking,withitsownkindofgrammarandconventions.TakeLOL.Itdoesn’tactuallymean“l(fā)aughingoutloud”inaliteralsenseanymore.LOLhasevolvedintosomethingmuchsubtlerandsophisticatedandisusedevenwhennothingisremotelyamusing.Jocelyntexts“Wherehaveyoubeen?”andAnnabelletextsback“LOLatthelibrarystudyingfortwohours.”LOLsignalsbasicempathy(同感)betweentexters,easingtensionandcreatingasenseofequality.Insteadofhavingaliteralmeaning,itdoessomething—conveyinganattitude—justlikethe-edendingconveyspasttenseratherthan“meaning”anything.LOL,ofallthings,isgrammar.Ofcoursenoonethinksaboutthatconsciously.Butthenmostofcommunicationoperateswithoutbeingnoticed.Overtime,themeaningofawordoranexpressiondrifts--meatusedtomeananykindoffood,sillyusedtomean,believeitornot,blessed.Civilization,then,isfine--peoplebangingawayontheirsmartphonesarefluentlyusingacodeseparatefromtheonetheyuseinactualwriting,andthereisnoevidencethattextingisruiningcompositionskills.Worldwidepeoplespeakdifferentlyfromthewaytheywrite,andtexting--quick,casualandonlyintendedtobereadonceisactuallyawayoftalkingwithyourfingers.56.Whatdocriticssayabouttexting?A．Itismainlyconfinedtoyoungsters.B．Itcompeteswithtraditionalwriting.C．Itwillruinthewrittenlanguage.D．Itisoftenhardtounderstand.57.Inwhatwaydoestheauthorsaywritingisdifferentfromtalking?A．Itiscraftedwithspecificskills.B．Itexpressesideasmoreaccurately.C．Itdoesnothaveaslongahistory.D．Itisnotaseasytocomprehend.58.WhyisLOLmuchusedintexting?A．Itbringstextersclosertoeachother..B．Itshowsthetexter'ssophistication.C．ItisatrendywaytocommunicateD．Itaddstothehumorofthetext.59.Exampleslikemeatandsillyarecitedtoshow.A．thedifferencebetweenwritingandtalkingB．howdifferentlywordsareusedintextingC．whypeopleusethewordsthewaytheydoD．thegradualchangeofwordmeaning60.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftexting?A．Itfacilitatesexchangeofideasamongpeople.B．Itisanewformofverbalcommunication.C．Itdeterioratespeople'scompositionskills.D．Ithastensthedeclineofthewrittenword.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.It'spossibletoadmireOprahWinfreyandstillwishHarvardhadn'tawardedheranhonorarydoctoroflawdegreeandthecommencement(畢業(yè)典禮)speakerspotatyesterday'sgraduation.There'snoquestionOprah'sachievementsplaceherinthetempleofAmericansuccessstories.Talent,charm,andanexceptionalworkethichaverarelyhurledanyoneasfarastheyhavethisformerabusedteenagemotherfromruralMississippiwhobecameoneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulentertainmenticonsandthefirstAfrican-Americanfemalebillionaire.Honorarydegreesareoftenconferredonnon-academicleadersinthearts,business,andpolitics.Harvard’slistinrecentyearshasincludedKofiAnnan,BillGates,MerylStreep,andDavidSouter.ButOprah’sparticularbrandofcelebrityisnotagoodfitforthevaluesofauniversitywhosemotto(座右銘),Veritas,meanstruth.Oprah’spassionateadvocacyextends,unfortunately,toaheartyembraceoffakescience.Mostnotoriously,Oprah’svalidationofJennyMcCarthy’sclaimthatvaccinescauseautism(自閉癥)hasnodoubtcontributedtomuchharmthroughthefoolishavoidanceofvaccines.Famouspeopleareentitledtoafewfailings,liketherestofus,andthechoiceofcommencementspeakersoftenreflectsabalanceofinstitutionalprioritiesandaspirations.Judgingfromourconversationswithmanystudents,Oprahwasawidelypopularchoice.ButthisvoteofconfidenceinOprahsendsatroublingmessageatpreciselythetimewhenAmericanuniversitiesneedtodomoretoadvancethecauseofreason.AsformerDeanofHarvardCollege,HarryLewis,notedinablogpostabouthisobjections,“ItseemsveryoddforHarvardtohonorsuchahighprofilepopularizeoftheirrational.atatimewhenpoliticalandreligiousnonsensesojeopardizetheruleofreasoninthisallegedlyenlighteneddemocracyandaroundtheworld."AsAmerica'soldestandmostvisibleuniversity,Harvardhasaspecialopportunitytoconveyitsrespectforsciencenotonlythroughitsresearchandteachingprogramsbutalsoinitspublicaffirmationofevidence-basedinquiry.Unfortunately,manyAmericanuniversitiesseemawfullybusyprotectingtheirbrandnameandnotnearlybusyenoughprotectingthepursuitofknowledge.ArecentarticleinTheHarvardCrimsonnotedtheshockinggrowthofHarvard'spublicrelationsarminthelastfiveyearsanditquestionedwhetherafocusonriskmanagementandavoidingcontroversywasreallythebestoutward-lookingfaceofthisgreatinstitution.AsAmericanresearchuniversitiesbegintoresembleprofitcentersandentertainmentcomplexes,it'seasytolosesightoftheirprimarymission.,toproduceandspreadknowledge.Thismissiondependsontraditionsofrationaldiscourseandvigorousdefenseofthescientificmethod.OprahWinfrey'shonorarydoctoratewasastepinthewrongdirection.61.WhatdowelearnaboutOprahWinfreyfromthepassage?A．ShewasadistinguishedgraduateofHarvardSchoolofLaw.B．Sheworkedherwaytosuccessintheentertainmentindustry.C．Sheusedtoabuseherchildrenwhenshewasayoungmother.D．Sheachievedherfamethroughpersistentadvocacyoffakescience.62.WhydoestheauthordeemitinappropriateforHarvardtoconferanhonorarydegreeonOprahWinfrey?A．Shedidnotspecializeinthestudyoflaw.B．Shewasknownasssupporteroffakescience.C．Shewasaniconoftheentertainmentindustry.D．Shehadnotdistinguishedherselfacademically.63.HowdidHarryLewisreacttoHarvard'sdecisioninhisblogpost?A．Hewasstronglyagainstit.B．Heconsidereditunpopular.C．HethoughtitwouldhelpenhanceHarvard'sreputation.D．HethoughtitrepresentedthewilloftheHarvardcommunity.64.Whatistheauthor'sregretaboutmanyAmericanuniversities?A．Theyshow