2023年六月英語六級真題及聽力解析

2023年英語六級真題PartIWriting(30minutes)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetoputallyoureggsinonebasket.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.Or2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwiseapersonbytheirappearance.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.Or3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhearingsomething.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。1.A)TheymightbestolengoodsB)TheymightbefakeproductsC)TheymightbefaultyproductsD)Theymightbesmuggledgood2.A)TheyarecivilservantsB)TheyarejobapplicantsC)TheyarenewsreportersD)Theyarepublicspeakers3.A)ThemanhasdecidedtoquithiscomputerclassB)ThewomanwantstogetadegreeinadministrationC)AcomputerdegreeisamustforadministrativeworkD)Themanwenttochangethetimeofhiscomputerclass4.A)AlotofcontestantsparticipatedintheshowB)ThefifthcontestantwonthebiggestprizeC)ItwasnotasexcitingashehadexpectedD)Itwassponsoredbyacarmanufacturer5.A)ReadinganewspapercolumnB)LookingatarailwaytimetableC)DrivingformNewYorktoBostonD)Waitingforsomeoneattheairport6.A)HewearsacoatboughtinthemallB)HegotanewjobatthebarbershopC)HehadafingerhurtlastnightD)Hehadhishaircutyesterday7.A)HecannotappreciatethePicassoexhibitionB)EvenhisnephewcandrawaswellasPicassoC)HeisnotquiteimpressedwithmodernpaintingsD)Somedrawingsbykindergartenkidsareexcellent8.A）HeshouldnotputthecartbeforethehorseB)HisconductdoesnotsquarewithhiswordsC)HisattitudetostudentgovernmenthaschangedD)HehaslongbeeninvolvedinstudentgovernmentQuestions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard9.A)SheleftherowncarinManchesterB)SomethingwentwrongwithhercarC)ShewantstogotravelingontheweekendD)Hercarwon,tbebackinaweek,stime10.A)SafetyB)SizeC)ComfortD)Cost11.A)Third-partyinsuranceB)Value-addedtaxC)PetrolD)CDWQuestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard12.A)HowtoupdatethebasicfacilitiesB)WhattodotoenhancetheirpositionC)WheretolocatetheirplantD)Howtoattractinvestments13.A)TheirroadlinktootherEuropeancountriesisfastB)TheyarealllocatedinthesouthofFranceC)TheyareveryclosetoeachotherD)Theirbasicfacilitiesaregood14.A)TrytoavoidmakingahastydecisionB)TakeadvantageofthetrainlinksC)TalkwiththelocalauthoritiesD)Conductfieldsurveysfirst15.A)FutureproductdistributionB)LocalemploymentpoliciesC)RoadandraillinksforsmalltownsD)SkilledworkforceinthehillyregionSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages..Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PassageoneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejusthaard.16.A)Onefifthofthemwereonbadtermswiththeirsistersandbroithers.B)Aboutoneeighthofthemadmittedtolingeringbitterfeelings.C)Morethanhalfofthemwereinvolvedininheritancedisputes.D)Mostofthemhadbrokenwiththeirsistersandbrothers.17.A)Lessconcernwithmoneymatters.B)Moreexperienceinworldlyaffairs.C)Advanceinage.D)Freedomfromwork.18.A)Theyhavelittletimelefttorenewcontactwiththeirbrothersandsisters.B)Theytendtoforgetpastunhappymemoriesandfocusontheirpresentneeds.C)Theyaremoretolerantofoneanother.D)Theyfindcloserelativesmorereliable.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Theyhavebrightcolorsandintricatepatterns.B)TheycanonlysurviveinpartsoftheAmericas.D)Theyhavestrongwingscapableofflyinglongdistances.20.A)InaMichiganmountainforest.B)InaLouisianamountainforest.C)InaKentuckymountainforest.D)InaMexicanmountainforest.21.A)Eachflockofbutterflieslayseggsinthesamestates.B)Theystarttolayeggswhentheyareninemonthsold.C)Eachgenerationinacyclelayseggsatadifferentplace.D)Onlythestrongestcanreachtheirdestinationtolayeggs.22.A)Evolutionofmonarchbutterflies.B)Livinghabitsofmonarchbutterflies.C)Migrationpatternsofmonarchbutterflies.D)Environmentalimpactsonmonarchbutterflylife.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhabejustheard.23.A)TimehasbecomemorelimitedB)TimehasbecomemorepreciousC)TimeismoneyD)Timeisrelative24.A)Americamsnowattachmoreimportancetotheeffectiveuseoftime.B)AmericanstodayhavemorefreetimethanearliergenerationsC)ThenumberofhoursAmericansworkhasincreasedsteadilyD)MoreandmoreAmericansfeelpressedfortimenowadays25.A)OurinterpersonalrelationshipsimproveB)Ourworkefficiencyincreasesgreatly.C)OurlivinghabitsarealteredD)OurbehaviorischangedSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.whenthepassageisReadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime.youarerequiredtofilltheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard,Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.ThefirstcopyrightlawintheUnitedStateswaspassedbyCongressin1790..In1976Congressenactedthelatestcopyrightlaw,__(26)__thetechnologicaldevelopmentsthathadoccurredsincethepassageoftheCopyrightActof1909.Forexample,in1909,anyonewhowantedtomakeasinglecopyofa__(27)__workforpersonalusehadtodosobyhand.Theveryprocess__(28)__alimitationonthequantityofmaterialscopied.Today,aphotocopiercandotheworkinseconds;thelimitationhasdiasppeared.The1909lawdidnotprovidefullprotectionforfilmsandsuondrecording,nordidit__(29)__theneedtoprotectradioandtelevision.Asaresult,__(30)__ofthelawandabueseoftheintentofthelawhavelessenedthe__(31)__rewardsofauthors,artises,andproducers.The1976CopyrightActhasnotpreventedtheseabusesfully,butithasclarifiedthelegalrightsoftheinjuredpartiesandgiventheman__(32)__forremedy.since1976theActhasbeen__(33)__toincluedcomputersofrware,andguiedlineshavebeenadpotedforfairuseoftelevisionbroadcases.Thesechangeshaveclearedupmuchoftheconfusionandconflictthatfollowed__(34)__the1976legislation.Thefinepointsofthelawaredecidedbythecourtsandbyacceptablecommonpracticeovertime.Asthesedecisionsandagreementsaremade,wemodifyourbehavioraccordingly.Fornow,weneedto__(35)__thelawanditsguidelinesasaccuratelyaswecanandtoactinafairmanner.PartIIIRdadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks,YouarerequiredtoselectOnewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebamkisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentreYoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.36-45：Forinvestorswhodesirelowriskandguaranteedincome,U.S.Governmentbondsareasecureinvestmentbecausethesebondshavethefinancialbackingandfullfaithandcreditofthefederalgovernment.Municipalbonds,alsosecure,areofferedbylocalgovernmengtsandoftenhave____36______suchastax-freeinterest.Somemayevenbe____37______.Corportatebondsareabitmorerisky.Twoquestionsoften_____38_____first-timecorportatebondinvestors.Thefirstis”IfIpurchaseacorportatebond,doIhavetoholdituntilthematueitydate?”Theanswerisno.Bondsareboughtandsolddailyon____39_____securitiesexchanges.However,ifyourbonddoesnothave____40_____thatmakeitattractivetootherinvestors,youmaybeforcedtosellyourbondata____41____i.e.,apricelessthanthebond’sfacevalue.Butifyourbondishighlyvaluedbyotherinvestors,youmaybeabletosellitatapremium,i.e.,apriceaboveitsfacevalue.Bondpricesgcncrally____42____inversely(相反地）withcurrentmarketinterestrates.Asinterestratesgoup,bondpnccstall,andviceversa(反之亦然）.Thus,likeallinvestments，bondshaveadegreeofrisk.Thesecondquestionis“HowcanI___43_______theinvestmentriskofaparticularbondissue?”Standard&Poor’sandMoody’sInvestorsServiceratethelevelofriskofmanycorporateandgovernmentbonds.And____44______,thehigherthemarketriskofabond，thehighertheinterestrate.Investorswillinvestinabondconsideredriskyonlyifthe_____45_____returnishighenough.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。A)advantagesI)fluctuateB)assessJ)indefiniteC)botherK)insuredD)conservedL)majorE)deductionM)naturallyF)discountN)potentialG)embarrass0)simultaneouslyH)featuresSectionBDirections::Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatmentsattachedtoit.eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.identifytheparagraphfromweichtheinformationisderived.youmaychooseaparpgraphmorethanonce.eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet2.lessonsfromaFeministParadise[A]Onthesurface,Swedenappearstobeafeministparadise.LookatanyglobalsurveyofgenderequalityandSwedenwillbenearthetop.Family-friendlypoliciesareitsnorm-with16monthsofpaidparentalleave,specialprotectionsforpart-timeworkers,andstate-subsidizedpreschoolswhere,accordingtoagovernmentwebsite,"gender-awarenesseducationisincreasinglycommon."duetoanunfficialquotasystem,womenhold45percentofpositionsintheswedishparliament.theyhaveenjoyedtheprotectionofgovernmentagencieswithtitlesliketheMinistryofIntegrationandGenderEqualityandtheSecretariatofGenderResearch.SowhyareAmericanwomensofaraheadoftheirSwedishcounterpartsinbreakingthroughtheglassceiling?[B]ina2023report,theWorldEconomicForumfoundthatwhenitcomestoclosingthegendergapin"econmicparticipationandopportunity,"theUnitedStatesisaheadofnotonlySwedenbutalsoFinland,Denmark,theNetherlands,Iceland,Germany,andtheUnitedKingdom.Sweden'srankinthereportcanlargelybeexplainedbyitspoliticalquotasystem.ThoughtheUnitedStateshasfewerwomenintheworkorce(68percentcomparedtoSweden's77percent).Americanwomenwhochoosetobeemployedarefarmorelikelytoworkfull-timeandtoholdhigh-leveljobsasmanangersorprofessionals.Theyalsoownmorebusinesses,lauchmorestart-ups(新開辦旳企業(yè)),andmoreoftenworkintraditionallymalefields.Asforbreakingthroughtheglassceilinginbusiness,Americanwomenarewellinthelead.[C]whatexplainstheAmericanadvantage?HowcanitbethatsocietieslikeSweden,wheregenderequalityisvigorouslypusuedandengorced,havefewerfemalemanagers,executives,professionals,andbusinessownersthanehlaissez-faire(自由放任旳)unitedstates?AnewstudybyclrnelleconomistsFrancineBlauandLawrenceKahngivesanexplanation.[D]Generousparentalleavepoliciesandreadilyavailablepart-timeoptionshaveunintendedconsequences:insteadofstrengtheningwomen'sattachmenttotheworkplace,theyappeartoweakenit.Inadditiontoa16-monthleave,aswedishparenthastherighttoworksixhoursaday(forareducedsalary)untilhisorherchildiseightyearsold.Mothersarefarmorelikelythanfatherstotakeadvantageofthislaw,Butextendedleavesandpart-timeemploymentareknowntobeharmfultocareers—forbothgenders.Andwithwomenasecondfactorcomesintoplay:mostseemtoenjoytheflexible-timearrangement(onceknownasthe“mommytrack”)andneverfindtheirwaybacktofull-timeorhigh-levelemployment.Insum:generousfamily-friendlypoliciesdokeepmorewomeninthelabormarket,buttheyalsotendtodiminisbtheircareers.[E]AccordingtoBlauandKahn,Swedish-stylepaternal(父親旳)leavepoliciesandflexibletimearrangementsposeasecondthreattowoman’sprogress:theymakeemployerscautiousabouthiringwomanforfull-timepositionsatall.Offeringajobtoamanisthesaferbet.Heisfarlesslikelytotakeayearofparentalleaveandthenreturnonareducedworkscheduleforthenexteightyears.[F]Ibecameawareofthetrialeofcareer-focusedEuropeanwomanafewyearsagowhenImetapost-doctoralstudentfromGermanywhowasthenavisitingfellowatJohnsHopkins.ShewasastonishedbytheprofessionalpossibilitiesaffordedtoyoungAmericanwoman.HerbesthopeinGermanywasagovermmentjob—prospectsforwomanintheprivatesectorweredim.”InGermany“shetoldme,”wehaveallthebenefits,”butemployersdon’t’wantohireus.”[G]SwedisheconomistsMagnusHenreksonandMikaelStenkulaaddressedthefollowingquestionintheir2023study:whyaretheresofewfemaletopexecutivesintheEuropeanegalitarian(平等主義旳)welfarestates?Theiranswer:”Broad-basedwelfare-statepolicieshinderwomen’srepresentationinelitecompetitivepositions.”[H]ItistemptingtodeclaretheSwedishpoliciesregressive(退步旳)andhailtheAmericansystemassuperior.Butthatwouldbeshortsighted.TheSwedescancertainlytakealessonfromtheUnitedStatesandlookforwaystoclearapathfortheirambitiousfemalecareerists.Butmostwomanarenotcommittsdcareerists.WhenthePewResearchCenterrecentlyaskedAmericanparentstoidentifytheir”ideal”lifearrangement,47percentofmotherssaidtheywouldprefertoworkpark-timeand20percentsaidtheywouldprefernottoworkatall.Fathersanswereddifferrntly:75percentpreferredfull-timework.SomeversionoftheSwedishsystemmightworkwellforamajorityofAmericanparents,buttheUnitedStatesisunlikelytofullyembracetheSwedishmodel.Still,wecanlearnfromtheirexperience.[I]Despiteitsfailuretoshattertheglassceiling,Swedenhasoneofthemostpowerfulandinnovativeeconomiesintheworld.Inits2023-2023survey,theWorldEconomicForumrankedSwedenasthe“rockstaroftherecovery”intheWashingtonPost,alsoleadstheworldinlifesatisfactionandhappiness.Itisasocietywellworthstudying,anditseffortstoconquerthegendergapimpartavitallesson—thoughnotthelessontheSwedeshadinmind。[J]Swedenhasgonefartherthananyothernationonearthtointegratethesexesandtoofferwomenthesameopportunitiesandfreedomsasmen.Fordecades,thesedescendantsoftheVikingshavebeentryingtoshowtheworldthattherightmixofenlinghtenedpolicy.consciousnessraising,andnon-sexistchildrearingwouldclosethegenderdivideonceandforall.Yetthedividepersists.[K]A2023pressreleasefromStatisticsSwedenbearsthetitle“GenderEqualityinSwedenTreading(踩）Water”andnotes:[L]Confrontedwithsuchfacts,someSwedishactivistsandlegislatorsaredemandingmoreex-tremeandfar-reachingmeasures,suchasreplacingmaleandfemalepronounswithaneutralalternativeandmonitoringchildrenmorecloselytocorrectthemwhentheygravitahta(被吸引)towardgenderedplay.Whenitcametolightlastyearthatmothers,farmorethanfathers,chosetostayhomefromworktocarefortheirsickkids.UlfKristersson.ministerofsocialsecurity,quicklycommissionedastudytodeterminethecauscsofandpossiiblcecuresforthisdisturbingstaleofaffairs.[M]Swcdishfamilypolicies,byaccommodatingwomen'spreferencesefleetively,areredutingthenumberofwomeninelitecompetitivepositions.TheSwedeswillfindthisparadoxicalandtrytofindsolutions.Letushopethesedonotincludebanninggenderpronouns,policingchildren′splay,implementingmoregenderquotas,ortreatingwomen′sspecialattachmenttohomeandfamilyasasocialinjustice.Mostmothersdonotaspireto(向往)elite,competitivefull-timepositions:theSwedishpolicieshavegiventhemthefreedomandopportunitytolivethelivestheyprefer.AmericansshouldlookpastthegenderrhetoricandconsiderwhattheseScandina-vianshaveachieved.Ontheirwaytocreatingafeministparadise,theSwedeshaveuninten-tionallycreatedahaven(避風(fēng)港）fornormalmortals.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。46.Swedenhasdonemorethanothernationstoclosethegendergap.butitconimucs10exist.47.Swedenisoneofthemostcompetitiveeconomicslifesatisfaction.48.MoreAmericanwomenholdelitejobpositionsinbusinessthanSwedishwomen.49.Swedishfamily-friendlypoliciestendtoexertanegativeinfluenceonwomen′scareers.50.ThequotasysteminSwedenensureswomen′sbetterrepresentationingovernment.51.ThoughtheSwedishmodelappearsworkableformostAmericanparents,itmaynotbeacceptedbytheminitsentirety.52.Swedishwomenareallowedthefreedomandopportunitytochoosetheirownwayoflife.53.Swedishemployersarehesitantabouthiringwomenforfull-timepositionsbecauseofthefamily-friendlypolicies.54.Gender-awarenesseducationisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinstate-subsidizedpreschoolsinSweden.55.SomelawmakersinSwedenproposethatgenderlesspronounsbeusedintheSwedishlanguage.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA).B).C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Textinghaslongbeenbemoaned(哀嘆）asthedownfallofthewrittenword,””penmanshipforilliter,”asonecriticcalledit.TowhichtheproperresponseisLOL.Textingproperlyisn′twritingatall.It′sa“spoken”languagethatisgettingricherandmorecomplexbytheyear.First,somehistoricalperspective.Writingwasonlyinvented5,500yearsago.whereasIanguageprobablytracesbackatleast80.000years.Thustalkingcamefirst;writingisjustacraftthatcamealonglater.Assuch,thefirstwritingwasbasedonthewaypeopletalk，withshortsentences.However,whiletalkingislargelysubconsciousandrapid,writingisdeliberateandslow,Overtime,writerstookadvantageofthisandstartedcrattinglong-windedsentencessuchasthisone:Thewholeengagementlastedabove12hours,tillthegradualretreatofthePertrsianswaschangedintoadisorderlyflight,ofwhichtheshamefulexamplewasgivenbytheprincipalleadersand……”Noonetalkslikethatcasually—orshould.Butitisnaturaltodesiretodosoforspecialoccasions.Intheolddays,wedidn’tmuchwriteliketalkingbecausetherewasnomechanismtoreproducethespeedofconversation.Buttextingandinstantmessagingdo—andarevolutionhasbegun.Itinvolvesthecrudemechanicsofwriting,butinitseconomy,spontaneityandevenvulgaritv.textingisactuallyanewkindoftalking,withitsownkindofgrammarandconventions.TakeLOL.Itdoesn’tactuallymean“l(fā)aughingoutloud”inaliteralsenseanymore.LOLhasevolvedintosomethingmuchsubtlerandsophisticatedandisusedevenwhennothingisremotelyamusing.Jocelyntexts“Wherehaveyoubeen?”andAnnabelletextsback，LOLatthelibrarystudyingfortwohours.”LOLsignalsbasicempath)’（同感)betweentcxters.easingtensionandcreatingasenseofequality.Insteadofhavingaliteralmeaning,itdocssomething-conveyinganattitude—justlikethe-cdendingconveyspasttenseratherthan“meaning.，anything.LOL.ofallthings,isgrammar.Ofcoursenoonethinksaboutthatconsciously.Butthenmostofcommunicationoperateswithoutbeingnoticed.Overtime,themeaningofawordoranexpressiondriftsmeatusedtomeananykindoffood,sillyusedtomean,believeitornot，blessed.Civilization,then，isfine一peoplebangingawayontheirsmartphonesarefluentlyusingacodeseparatefromtheonetheyuseinactualwriting,andthereisnoevidencethattextingisruiningcompositionskills.Worldwidepeoplespeakdifferentlyfromthewaytheywrite,andtexting-quick,casualandonlyintendedtobereadonce—isactuallyawayoftalkingwithyourfingers.56.Whatdocriticssayabouttexting?A)ItismainlyconfinedtoyoungstersB)Itcompeteswithtraditionalwriting.C)Itwillruinthewnttcnlanguage.D)Itisoftenhardtounderstand.57.Inwhatwaydoestheauthorsaywritingisdifferentfromtalking?A)Itiscraftedwithspecificskills.C)Itdoesnothaveaslongahistory.B)Itexpressesideasmoreaccuratcly.D)Itisnotaseasytocomprehend.58.WhyisLOLmuchusedintcxting?A)Itbringstextcrsclosertoeachother.B)Itshowsthetcxtcr'ssophistication.C)ItisatrendywaytocommunicateD)Itaddstothehumorofthetext59.ExampleslikemeatandsillyarecitedtoshowA)thedifTerenccbetweenwritingandtalkingB)howdifTercntlywordsareusedintcxtingC)whypeopleusethewordsthewaytheydoD)thegradualchangeofwordmeaning60.whatdoestheauthorthinkoftexting?A)Itfacilitatesexchangeofideasamongpeople.B)Itisanewformofverbalcommunication.C)Itdeterioratespelple'scompositionskills.D)Ithastensthedeclineofthewrittenword.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.it'spossibletoadmireoprahwinfreyandstillwishHarvardhadn'tawardedheranhonorarydoctoroflawdegreeandthecommencement(畢業(yè)典禮)speakerspotatyesterday'sgraduation.There'snoquestionOprah'sachievementsplaceherinthetempleofAmericansuccessstories.Talent,charm,andanexceptionalworkethichaverarelyhurledanyoneofworld'smostsuccessfulentertainmenticonsandthefirstAfrican-Americanfemalebillionaire.Honorarydegreesareoftenconferredonnon-academicleadersinthearts,business,andpolitics.Harvard'slistinrecentyearshasincludedKofifiAnnan,BillGates,MerylStreep,andDavidSouter.ButOprah'slistinrecentyearshasincludedKofiAnnan,BillGates,Mery1Streep,anddavidsouter.ButOprah'sparticularbrandofcelebrityisnotagoodfitforthevaluesofauniversitywhosemotto（座右銘）,Veritas,meanstruth.Oprah'spassionateadvocacyextends,unfortunately,toaheartyembraceoffakescience.Mostnotoriously,Oprah'svalidationofjennyMcCarthy'sclaimthatvaccinescauseautism(自閉癥)hasnodoubtcontributedtomuchharmthroughthefoolishavoidanceofvaccines.Famouspeoplearcentitledtoafewfailings,liketherestofus.andthechoiceofcommencementspeakersoftenreflectsabalanceofinsututionalpnontiesandaspirations.Judgingfromourconversationswithmanystudents.Oprahwasawidelypopularchoice.ButthisvoteofconfidenceinOprahsendsatroublingmessageatpreciselythetimewhenAmericanunivereitiesneedtodomoretoadvancethecauseofreason.AsformerDeanofHarvardCollege.HarryLewis,notedinablogpostabouthisobjections.“ItseemsvcrvoddforHarvardtohonorsuchahighprofilepopularizeroftheirrational……atatimewhenpoliticalandreligiousnonsensesojeopardizetheruleofreasoninthisallegedlyenlighteneddemocracyandaroundtheworld.”AsAmerica′soldestandmostvisibleuniversity.Harvardhasaspccialopportunitytoconveyitsrespcctforsciencenotonlythroughitsresearchandteachingprogramsbutalsoinitspublicaffirmationofevidence-basedinquiry.Unfortunately，manyAmericanuniversitiesseemawfullybusyprotectingtheirbrandnameandnotnearlybusyenoughprotectingthepursuitofknowledge.ArecentarticleinTheHarvardCrimsonnotedtheshockinggrowthofHarvard′spublicrelationsarminthelastfiveyearsanditquestionedwhetherafocusonriskmanagementandavoidingcontroversywasreallythebestoutward-lookingfaceofthisgreatinstitution.AsAmericanresearchuniversitiesbegintoresembleprofitcentersandentertainmentcomplexes,it’seasytolosesightoftheirprimarymission;toproduceandspreadknowledge.Thismissiondependsontraditionsofrationaldiscourseandvigorousdefenseofthescientificmethod.OprahWinfrey’shonoraydoctoratewasastepinthewrongdirection.61.whatdowelearnaboutOprahWinfreyfromthepassage?A)ShewasadistinguishedgraduateofHarvardSchoolofLaW.B)Sheworkedherwaytosuccessintheentertainmentindustry.C)Sheusedtoabuseherchildrenwhenshewasayoungmother.D)Sheachievedherfamethroughpersistentadvocacyoffakescience.62.WhydoestheauthordeemitinappropriateforHarvardtoconferanhonorarydegreeonOprahwinfrey?A)Shedidnotspecializeinthestudyoflaw.B)Shewasknownasasupporteroffakescience.C)ShewasaniconoftheentertainmentindustryD)Shehadnotdistinguishedherselfacademically.63.HowdidHarryLewisreacttoHarvard’sdecisioninhisblongpost?A)Hewasstronglyagainstit.B)Heconsidereditunpopular.C)HethoughtitwouldhelpenhanceHarvard’sreputation.D)HethoughtitrepresentedthewilloftheHarvardcommunity.64.Whatistheauthor’sregretaboutmanyAmericanuniversities?A)Theyshowinadequaterespectforevidence-basedinquiryB)TheyfallshortofexpectationsinteachingandresearchC)TheyattachtoomuchimportancetopublicrelationsD)Theyaretolerantofpoliticalandreligiousnonsense65.WhatdoestheauthorthinkaprestigiousuniversitylikeHarvardshouldfocuson?A)CultivationofstudentcreativityB)LiberationofthehumanmindC)LiberationofthehumanmindD)PursuitofknowledgeandtruthPartIVTranslation(30minutes)翻譯一：北京計劃未來三年投資7，600億元治理污染，從減少PM2.5排放入手，這一新公布旳計劃意在減少四種重要污染源，包括500多萬倆機