高中非謂語動詞(語法課件)區(qū)性公開課

非謂語動詞是語法填空的必考考點(diǎn)，每年至少有1道題。不僅如此，掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法，對增強(qiáng)書面表達(dá)的文采和提高閱讀理解能力都有明顯的作用。首先，我們通過例句來回顧一下非謂語動詞的語法功能(在句中充當(dāng)何種成分)：考點(diǎn)解密Toobeylawiseveryone’sduty.I’mpreparingtotaketheexamination.Herdreamistobeadoctor.Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Teacheraskhimtocleantheblackboard.Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting.Playingfootballismyfavoritesport.Maryisconsideringchanging

herjob.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.Ihaveafriendliving

inLondon.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting

long.Nobodywas

interestedinthestoryhetold.Wemustgetthework

finished

by10o’clock.

非謂語動詞解題技巧

1.謂語動詞：概述：2.非謂語動詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語的動詞

是動詞的特殊形式，在句中可以作除謂語外的所有成分一個句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個主句（謂語動詞）,又沒有連詞的情況下,還有別的動詞出現(xiàn)時。非謂語動詞使用條件Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,but

leftherhandbagonherseat.二.找邏輯主語三、分析語態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)一.辨別“謂與非謂”非謂語動詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)（一）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),辨別“謂語與非謂語”______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.ThoughhewastoldC___A注意連詞3.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.

4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號

非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二）找邏輯主語1.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.3.MostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.4.Convincedofthetruthofthereports,hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.

一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語；作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語；作定語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。

A.totakeB.taking

C.tobetakenD.takenDBEverythingthey1._______everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything______

intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.（三）分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系?！癥oucan’tcatchme!”Janeshouted,_______away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran2._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.LosingJane

thetwostudents（四）分析時態(tài)1.Thebuilding____nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding____nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.built____C________B________D原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained如：Shegotupveryearlytocatchupthefirstbus.2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making

tocatchupthefirstbus.3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用-ing.－ing形式作伴隨狀語與todo作目的狀語的區(qū)別：作伴隨狀語的－ing形式與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生且前面常常帶一逗號;而作目的狀語的不定式的動作要比謂語動詞的動作后發(fā)生前面不能用逗號。用括號里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Writetotheeditor,

________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,

______alongspeech.(prepare)4.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep,,原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing或不定式，其原則區(qū)別是，一般用-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.（2007天津卷）

A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet

【解析]此處用-ing表示自然而然的結(jié)果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.

大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。6.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.

（2005山東卷）

A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching

8.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.（2006陜西卷）

A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

7.Hehurriedtothestation,only______thatthetrainhadleft.(2005廣東卷)A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的結(jié)果。原則四：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的動作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing的被動式.9.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.（2007浙江卷）

A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard

【解析】根據(jù)句意，此處指的是“被聽見”，故要用被動式，因此可排除B和C。另外，由于“設(shè)法被聽見”為目的狀語，動作在當(dāng)時尚未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選A。

11.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger_______atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes_____uponher.A.seating;fixingB.toseat;fixingC.havingseated;fixedD.seated;fixed10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后應(yīng)接-ing，desks與openandclose之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，又因couldbeheard，所以選-ing的被動式表正在被進(jìn)行的動作。of

astranger

hiseyessittingseat

vt.

fixone’seyesupon…=Iwasseated.Iseatedmyself.=Isatdown原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致.12.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.（2006陜西卷）

A.Johnhastakenanextrajob

B.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajob

C.anextrajobhasbeentaken

D.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn

13.Whilewatchingtelevision，_____.（2005全國卷III）

A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings

【解析】因?yàn)閣atching的邏輯主語一定是人，排除選項(xiàng)A和

B；又因在hear后作賓補(bǔ)的是省略了to的不定式，所以選項(xiàng)

D中的rings是錯誤的。watchingfacedwith(be)facedwith…原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式）

14._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.（2005湖北卷）BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparated

【解析】因?yàn)锳ustralia與separate是被動關(guān)系，且separate

發(fā)生在謂語動詞has之前，所以用-ing的完成被動式作原因狀語。

15.Themanager，_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.（2005江西卷）

A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making【解析】因?yàn)門hemanager與make是主動關(guān)系，且make

發(fā)生在謂語left之前，所以用-ing的完成式作狀語，

havingmade...相當(dāng)于whohadmade...的意思。lefthas16.—LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhat

country—Yes,InLondon.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyinghestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?CABisSbissaidtodo…據(jù)說…原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：用不定式，表示動作尚未發(fā)生;

用-ing，表示動作正在進(jìn)行;

用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。17.Therewillbemorethan