仁愛英語八年級上冊Unit2單元重點知識復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)

知識點梳理（一）重點語言點What,swrongwithyou?你怎么了？同義句有：What,sthematter/troublewithyou?（matter/trouble是名詞，前用the；wrong是形容詞，前不用the）短語：haveacold=catchacold患感冒；haveacough患咳嗽；haveafever發(fā)燒；haveastomachache胃疼；haveaheadache頭痛haveasorethroat喉嚨疼havetheflu患流感；havesoreeyes眼疼（注意這兩個特殊點的）Ihaveaheadache.=Ihaveanacheinmyhead.（ache指持續(xù)的疼痛，pain指肉體上的劇烈疼痛，sore常指發(fā)炎而引起的肌肉痛）takearest=havearest休息一下lift①舉起liftthebox②消散Thecloudswillliftsoon③電梯getoutoftheliftIdon,tfeellikeeating.feellikedoingsth.二wanttodosth.想要做…如：Ifeellikerunning.Youshouldliedownandrest.liedown躺下，lie的現(xiàn)在分詞為lying,過去式為layYou’dbetternoteattoomuchcandy.toomuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞，還可以用來修飾動詞，如：①toomuchmoney;②Stayinbedanddon,tmoveyourlegtoomuch.toomany修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：toomanystudentsmuchtoo修飾形容詞或副詞，如：muchtooexpensiveLetmecheckitover.checkover=lookover檢查正誤，檢查身體如：①Canyoucheckovermyhomework.②Thedoctorcheckedheroverandshewasfine.SoI’dlikeaskforaweek,sleave.askforaleave請假(2)askforaweek,sleave請一周的假(3)askthreedays,leaveIhopeI,llgetwellandreturntoschoolsoon.returnto+某地=go/comebackto...表返回某地，如：KangkangreturnedtoBeijing.returnsth.tosb.=givebacksth.tosb.表歸還某物給某人，如：Youmustreturnittomesoon.=Youmustgiveitbacktomesoon.Icouldn,treadituntiltoday.否定句+until... 表不能做某事，直到什么時候才能做。如：Ican,thelpyouuntilyoutellmethetruth.我不能幫助你，直到你告訴我真相我才幫你。Youshoulddrinkplentyofboiledwater.plentyof=alotof許多的；大量的，可接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞Howareyoufeelingtoday?你今天感覺如何？---Muchbetter.好多了。ButmyleftlegstillhurtswhenImoveit.但是我的左腿仍然痛，當(dāng)我動的時候。hurt①疼痛：Myleghurts②傷害Hehurthislegwhenhefell.Stayingulateisbadforyourhealth.stayup=situp熬夜，如：westayedupuntilmidnighttoseetheNewYearcoming.(2)動詞ing形式(動名詞)可直接放句首作主語，謂語動詞用單三形式。toolittle太少；toomuch太多；都用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking.giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放棄做某事Don,tthrowlitterabout.throwabout到處扔，如：throwlitterabout=throwaboutlitter(litter是名詞，即可以放后也可以放中間，但代詞只能放中間，如：throwitabout)Itwillkeepyouactiveduringtheday.(1)keep+賓語+補語(補語可以是：動詞ing形式；形容詞；介詞短語)①I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.(keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事)②Keepthedooropen,please.(keepsb/sth+形容詞表示某人/某事物保持怎樣的狀態(tài))③Onceacoldkeepthechildinbedforthreedays(keepsb+介詞短語表示某人呆在某地)duringtheday=inthedaytime在白天Itmayshowthatsomethingiswrongwithyourhealth.showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.向某人展示某物pleaseshowmeyournewbook.showsb.around某地表帶某人參觀某地：I’llshowyouaroundourschooltomorrow.Wecangetintothehumanbodythroughthenose.getinto進入，陷入；如：getintotrouble陷入麻煩(2)①through從物體內(nèi)部穿過，如：walkthroughaforest.②across從物體表面橫穿，如：goacrosstheroad③over從物體上空越過，如：flyoverthecityAsweknow,goodhealthismoreimportantthanwealth.asweknow=itiswellknown眾所周知Weshouldeatmorefruitandlessmeat.Eatmore….andless…多吃…少吃…Differentfoodshelpusindifferentways.food,fruit等詞常作不可數(shù)名詞，后不加s,但當(dāng)強調(diào)多種食物或水果時，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如differentfoods.indifferentways以不同的方式It/snecessaryforustohavehealthyeatinghabits.句型：Itis+形容詞+forsb.todosth.(it代替后面的不定式)對于某人來說，去做某事是.…的，如：It,susefulforustolearnEnglishwell.SectionAMom,hurryup!DadisonTV.(1)①hurryup趕快，表催促②hurrytodosth.=dosth.inahurry匆忙地做某事Hehurriedtofinishthework.=Hefinishedtheworkinahurry.③hurryto+某地：表匆匆地去某地，如：Hehurriedtothehospital.二Hewenttothehospitalinahurry.beonTV某人或某事物上電視。MayIaskyousomequestions,Dr.Li?----Sure,goahead.(1)疑問句和否定句中，表“一些”，常用any,不用some.但當(dāng)此疑問句表建議或請求時，Some不改成any.如：Wouldyoulikesometea?goahead請開始吧SARSspreadseasilyamongpeople.spread(spread,spread)傳播，傳開Thediseasespreadalloverthecountry.among表在多者之間，between在兩者之間，常用：betweenAandB短語：①buildupourbodies使我們的身體強?、赾rowdedplaces人群擁擠的地方③takeone,sadvice=acceptone,sadvice接受某人的建議(advice不可數(shù)名詞)Must開頭提出的問句，否定回答不用mustn't來回答，常見的回答如：MustIgonow?(我必須得走嗎？)肯定回答：Yes,youmust.(是的，你必須)；否定回答：No,youneedn,t./No,youdon,thaveto.(不，你不必)(needn,t二don'thaveto)Wehadbetterkeepawayfromanimals.keep…awayfrom…讓…遠離….如：You'dbetterkeepthechildawayfromthefire.SectionBJustamoment,please=waitamoment=Holdon,please.請稍等(打電話常用語)Heisbusyrightnow.rightnow用兩種意思：①現(xiàn)在二now②馬上二rightaway;inaminute;atonce;Heexaminingapatient.examine=checkover檢查(2)patient表“①病人②有耐心的“短語：①getthroughtosb和某人接通電話②leaveamessageforsb.給某人留口信③givesb.amessage=takeamessageforsb.給某人捎口信④callsb.back給某人回電話⑤ask/tell/ordersb(not)todosth.叫某人(不)去做某事I'lltellherwhenshecomesback.她一回來我就告訴她。本句是由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。當(dāng)主句的動詞用一般將來時時，從句一般用現(xiàn)在時。如：He'llphonemewhenhearrivesinBeijing.當(dāng)他到北京時，他將回給我打電話。HowoftendoesMrBrownexercise?布朗先生多長時間鍛煉一次？howoften對頻率提問，回答用once/twice/threetimes aday/aweek/ ；exercise在這里為動詞，意思是“鍛煉，運動”。SectionCHetookanactivepartinthebattleagainstit.takeanactivepartin積極參加....(2)against介詞，與...對抗Hecaredforthepatientsdayandnight.carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顧，照看Itismydutytosavethepatients.(1)此句為主語從句，it代替tosavethepatientssave有3種意思：①救②儲存savemoney③節(jié)約savewaterLongtimenosee!好久不見Howdidyouspendyourtimeathome?你在家是如何度過的？spend+時間：表度過…IspentmyholidayinBeijing.ItaughtmyselfontheInternet.teachoneself=learnbyoneself自學(xué)MichaellearnedEnglishbyhimself.⑵注意teach的用法：teachsb.sthMrLiuteachesourEnglish.（改錯）fMrLiuteachesusEnglish.（正確）SectionDmust除了表示“必須"，還表示"一定"，如：Kangkangmustbeathome.（一定是）mustn't只指"不準(zhǔn)"，canbe/maybe可能是；can,tbe不可能是。情態(tài)動詞:must與haveto①must ”必須;一定”，表示有做某一動作的必要或義務(wù),側(cè)重表達說話者的主觀看法.（只有一種時態(tài)）如：Wemustwashhandsbeforemeals.飯前我們必須洗手.Wemusteathealthyfood.我們必須吃健康的食物.②haveto "不得不，必須”，側(cè)重表示因客觀條件或客觀環(huán)境的迫使而”不得不做某事”.（可用于各種時態(tài)）如：It,stoolate.Ihavetogonow.太遲了.現(xiàn)在我得走了.Ihadtoborrowsomemoneyatthattime.那時我不得不借了一些錢.*——Mustwekeepthewindowsopenallthetime?---No,wedon,thaveto./No,weneedn,t.（注意回答時不能用No,wemustn't.）（二）語法學(xué)習(xí)1.反身代詞的形式單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimself/herself/itselfthemselves2、反身代詞的用法1）“by+反身代詞”表示“單獨地，獨自一人地”。如：Theboycouldn'tmakethemodelplanebyhimself那個男孩不能獨自制作飛機模型。2）反身代詞常與一些動詞連用。如：“teach+反身代詞”表示“自學(xué)”；“hurt+反身代詞”表示“傷到自己”。如:JaneteachesherselfEnglish.簡自學(xué)英語。Lilyfelldownandhurtherselfyesterday.昨天莉莉自己摔傷了。注：反身代詞與個別動詞搭配使用，意思發(fā)生變化。如：“help+反身代詞+to----”表示“隨便吃-----”；“enjoy+反身代詞”表示“-----玩得開心”。Helpyourselftosomestrawberries,please.請隨便吃些草莓。Theyenjoyedthemselvesatthepartylastnight.昨晚在晚會上他們玩得很開心。3）反身代詞作名詞或代詞的同位語時，起加強語氣的作用，可譯為“親自，本人”。如：You'dbetteraskyourteacheraboutityourself.你最好親自去問你的老師。（三）電話用語：Hello!Could/MayIspeakto...,please?你好！我能跟 通話嗎？MayItakeamessage?我能捎個口信嗎？ThisisKangkang.我是康康.Hello!Who,sthat?你好！你是誰？（四）Reviewbreakthewindow打破窗戶（玻璃）getlost 丟失；迷路onone,sway（to）在.…的路上takethewrongbus 搭錯車oneofthemostpopularsports最受歡迎的運動之一agroupofpeople 一群人formaninternationalorganization 成立一個國際組織putsthinlowplaces 把某物放在低處eatsthbymistake誤吃put.away 把…收起來askforthreedays,leave請三天的假例題句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（5分）.Wemustcleantheclassroomeveryday.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Wemusttheclassroomeveryday..Ittookmetwodaystofinishthebook.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Itwodaysthebook..Youshouldeatanappleeveryday.（對畫線部分提問）youdoeveryday?.一MayIaskyousomequestions,MissWang?（對問句作出回答）—Sure,go..Theyhavetogetupearlyeveryday.（改為一般疑問句）theygetupearlyeveryday?練習(xí)詞匯。（10分）（A）根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全單詞。.BirdFlucanspreadeasilyabirds..Hup,orwe'llbelate..Dr.Liuethesickboycarefully..Itwasbtogointotheburning（燃燒的）building..Yourfatherisexaminingapatient.I'llgivehimthemlater.（B）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.We'redoctors,soit'sour（duty）tosavepatients..Theroadis（crowd）.Mr.Wangdriveshiscarslowly..Whatcausesthe（ill）?.Didtheyenjoy（they）inthepartyyesterday?.—Whereisyourmother,Beibei?—Sheisbusy(answer)thetelephone.作業(yè)單項選擇。(10分)( )1.—Hello!MayIspeaktoMary?A.I’mMary. B.Maryisme.C.ThisisMaryspeaking. D.I’mspeaking.( )2.Mymotheraskedyouwhenyoucomeback.A.ringupherB.ringherupC.toringupherD.toringheruP()3.Youshouldwhenyourparentsaren’tathome.A.lookyourselfafter B.takecareforyourselfC.takecareyourself D.takecareofyourself( )4.—MayIaskyousomequestions,Dr.Wang?一A.You’rewelcome. B.Sure,goahead.C.No,I’mbusy. D.Yes,youmust.( )5.—MustItakepartintheactivity?一No,you.You’retooyoung.Youshouldlookafteryourself.A.mustn'tB.don't C.can't D.don'thaveto( )6.—WhotaughtJapanese?-Ilearneditby.A.you;myself B.your;myselfC.yourself;me D.yourself;myself( )7.Longlong’sfatherisabusinessman.Heisverybusy,soLonglongonlytalkshimthephone.A.to;inB.with;byC.with;on D.to;by( )8.—tokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.—Youareright.A.That'sourduty B.ThisisourdutyC.It'sourdutyD.Thedutyis( )9.—MayIwatchTV,Mom?—I’mafraidyou.A.shouldnot B.can’t C.mustnot D.maynot( )10.ShewasafraidofSARSbecauseitwasdangerous.A.catch B.catches C.caught D.catching( )1.—Mustwekeepthewindowallthetime?—No,youdon’thaveto.A.opening B.openC.toopen( )2.I’dlikesomeandakiloof.A.sandwich,sausageB.chocolate,tomatoC.beef,potatoes( )3.—Ifyoufeel,youshouldgotoschool.A.bad B.worse C.better D.good( )4.Ifyoueatfoodandtakeexercise,you'llkeephealthy.A.more;moreB.less;lessC.more;lessD.less;more( )5.—Ican'tkeepmyselfactiveduringtheday.—Youtakemoreexercise.A.mustnotB.mustbeC.needto D.maybe()6.Youhadbetteraskyourbrotherplayingcomputergames.It'sbadforhim.A.togiveupB.notto