單項填空解題技巧

TechniquesUsedinMultipleChoice（單項選擇解題技巧）教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1.復(fù)習(xí)鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識在語境中的靈活運(yùn)用。2.通過分析比較，總結(jié)歸納，準(zhǔn)確把握命題者的命題思路，采取不同的解題策略，舉一反三，提高單選的正確率。3.通過合作，探究，討論學(xué)習(xí)，自評和互評相結(jié)合，提高學(xué)生協(xié)作能力，達(dá)到互幫互學(xué)，共同享受學(xué)習(xí)成果的學(xué)習(xí)目的。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：學(xué)習(xí)如何分析句子，通過訓(xùn)練掌握不同的解題技巧。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：如何排除干擾信息，克服思維定勢，戰(zhàn)勝陷阱題。AreyoutroubledbytheMultipleChoice?單項填空，你是我的痛！

基礎(chǔ)題，人人會做，顯不出優(yōu)勢；高難題，人人不會做，拉不開距離；陷阱題，表面看起來很容易，但其中隱含機(jī)關(guān)，預(yù)設(shè)陷阱，如果你理解角度不對、分析思路不活、做題方法不當(dāng)、使用技法不巧等，可能掉入命題人為你精心準(zhǔn)備的陷阱。單項填空的命題要點(diǎn)介詞搭配1代詞1冠詞1情景交際2特殊句子結(jié)構(gòu)1/2狀語從句（連詞）1名詞性從句1定語從句1情態(tài)動詞1非謂語動詞2動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)2重慶高考單項填空的命題特征1.知識覆蓋面廣2.語境地位突出交際性原則明確3.試題題干新穎4.迷惑性較大

靈活性較高Step1Step2

解題要素：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)回歸五大基本句型：

1.主謂2.主謂賓3.主系表4.主謂賓賓5.主謂賓補(bǔ)句子基本成分：主語謂語賓語定語(從句)狀語(從句)補(bǔ)語修飾語構(gòu)成句子基本主干構(gòu)成句子基本主干分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出句子主句。TheoldEnglishteacher

whoretiredtenyearsagowillgiveusatalkonhowtostudyEnglishwell

whenheisfreenextweek.主句：

Task1：Pairwork修飾語：什么是主句？主句是復(fù)雜句中_______________的句子。

不帶連接詞謂語Shesaw賓語thatherboss,Mr.Foss，wasdeadonthefloor.WhenMrs.Greengottotheofficeearlyyesterdaymorningwhoworksinabigcompany，主語時間狀語從句定語從句2.WhenMrs.Green,whoworksinabigcompany,gottotheofficeyesterdaymorning,shesawthatherboss,Mr.Foss,wasdeadonthefloor.PairworkSummary:1.解題時分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找到主謂賓.在分析復(fù)雜句時，找到主句。

2.注重意群理解(groupmeaning)

第一類出題特點(diǎn)：題干中不明確標(biāo)示解題關(guān)鍵信息，而是比較巧妙地隱含在句子中。

Step2解題策略：分析以下句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握命題特點(diǎn)，采取不同的策略。

Task2:比較不同的語境,找到關(guān)鍵詞。(pairwork)1.①（原題）

－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?

－I

havenoidea.He_____itthismorning.②（改編）－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?

－Yes.He______itthismorning.A.did B.hasdoneC.wasdoing D.haddonecA2.①（原題）

--WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.②（改編）

--Whichofthe

twowaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.EitherDC

以語境為切入點(diǎn),認(rèn)真思考。不放過任何細(xì)節(jié)，把握住題干里所隱藏的信息、關(guān)鍵詞。把握_______Skill1語境第二類出題特點(diǎn)：題干以疑問句、被動句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句、倒裝句,感嘆句等形式，避開考生所熟悉的陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，從而加大難度。有時題干較長,加入了從句、插入語等修飾部分。Task3(Groupwork)

如何還原題干結(jié)構(gòu)，回歸基本句型？

1.(2~3mins)Discussyouranswersingroupsandrewritethesentences.Thenwriteyouranswersontheblackboard.

Group1(1—2)

Group2(3—4)Group3(5—6)Group4(7—8)Group5(9—10)Group6(11—12)Group7(13—16)Group8(17—18)2.(小組互評）Thelattergrouptriestochecktheanswersoftheformergroup.(后一組檢查前一組的答案。)Ifyouhavedifferentideas,writedownyouranswers.1.Whomwouldyouratherhave___withyou?

A.togo

B.go

C.gone

D.going

測試知識點(diǎn)：使役動詞havesb.dosth.

還原為:Youwouldratherhavewhom___withyou.

一、將疑問句改成陳述句2.---Whomdidyou________thepackageatthepostoffice?---Jack.havefetchedB.havefetchC.havetofetchD.havefetching還原為：Ihad__(Jack)__

fetchthepackage.實戰(zhàn)演練Whodidtheboss_____hiscarthistime?A.makewash

B.maketowash

C.makewashing

D.makingtowashThebossmadewho/whom_____hiscarthistime.wash3.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof___ourlessonswell.

A.learning

B.learned

C.tolearn

D.learns

Weshouldmakegooduseoftime____ourlessonwell.4.Studentswillbepunishediftheyarefound______cellphonesinclass.AtoplayBplayingCbeingplayedDhavingplayed.

…ifteachersfindthem______cellphonesinclass.二、改被動句為主動句5.

Itwas_____theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome．

A．repairB．repairing C．torepairD．inrepair6.＿＿＿＿＿whatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!A.

WhatreasonableB.

HowareasonableC.

HowreasonableD.Whatareasonable

還原為：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning____theoldclockathome．三、特殊句型還原成正常語序還原為:WhatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded＿＿＿＿!四、補(bǔ)充省略成分7.----Whatmadeyousohappy?-----_______.A.

Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam. D.Mypassingtheexam.8.____whendoesthepubstayopen?”

“Aboutmidnight.”A.Since

B.Before

C.Until

D.After

______

mademesohappy.Thepubstaysopen_______aboutmidnight.That9.Hebelievesinhimself，______，

inmyopinion,isof

themostimportance．

A．thatB．whichC．whatD．As10.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass_____hewasill.

A．whyB．whereC．thatD．because()

五、去掉插入語、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)、從句等()

將不熟悉的疑問句，倒裝句，被動句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句等還原為熟悉的陳述句；也可將殘缺的部分補(bǔ)出或?qū)⒉迦胝Z等多余的部分刪除。Oh,Isee.Skill2把句子__________還原或化簡第三類出題特點(diǎn)：利用思維定勢的影響設(shè)計的題目是最容易讓我們上當(dāng)?shù)念}目。11.Iwillspendawholeevening_____inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.

A.locking

B.inlocking

C.beinglocked

D.locked12.Thecountrylifehewasusedto__greatlysince1992.change B.haschangedC.changing D.havechanged

正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確理解意群，避免定勢思維，記住常見的、重要的詞、詞組及句型加以反復(fù)訓(xùn)練，以加深印象，以避免思維定勢的干擾。Skill3避免定勢思維

第四類出題特點(diǎn)：英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣，思維方式等方面具有很多不同，出題者常利用漢英差異出題。13.---It’sgettinglate.I’mafraidImustbegoingnow.

---OK.______A.Takeiteasy.B.Goslowly.C.Staylonger.D.Seeyou.14.I’msorry,_____Iwon’tbeabletocometonight.

A.for

B.and

C.but

D.then15.

I'llcometoseeyouif_____.

A.you'reconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyouHewantstomovehouse,becausehehatesthe_____here.A.crowdedtrafficB.crowdedtrafficsC.busytrafficD.busytraffics

留心英漢表達(dá)差異,平時要多讀﹑多比較﹑

多歸納，用英語思維，避免Chinglish。Skill4克服母語干擾第五類出題特點(diǎn)：利用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號或連詞出題。比較：Tomhasmanyfriends;___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem

17.Tomhasmanyfriends

,___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem

18.______thepiecesofclothwithaloosestitch(針)beforefinallysewingthemtogether.Join

B.TojoinC.Joining

D.Joined比較：Don’twasteyourmoneyonsillythings—______it.A.tosave

B.saveC.saving

D.havingsaved

借助標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號或連詞，正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。它們往往決定句子后半部分是完整的句子還是句子成份，從而判斷所填答案是連詞還是代詞，是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。Skill5注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和連詞提示單項填空的解題要素：分析________注意___________（Groupmeaning）解題策略：把握____________________句子克服_________克服________干擾注意________________提示Step3Summary語境信息還原或化簡思維定勢母語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和連詞句子結(jié)構(gòu)意群理解Teacher’sAdvice:●高考單選題強(qiáng)調(diào)交際性及語用性，因此復(fù)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)注重語法在交際性習(xí)題中的活用，同時要注意詞的搭配﹑動詞短語及常用習(xí)語的積累?！駥ψ兪筋}，易錯題進(jìn)行收集整理，總結(jié)規(guī)律，做到舉一反三。●反思本課內(nèi)容，寫下你的學(xué)習(xí)心得。Practicemakesperfect!Step4拓展與鞏固Homework（分析句子，運(yùn)用所學(xué)解題技巧完成以下練習(xí)）見學(xué)案1.Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_____voice.

A.abetter

B.abest

C.thebetter

D.thebest（變式題1)

“I’veneverfoundabetterjob.”“_______.”

A.Idon’tthinkso

B.Toobad

C.Congratulations

D.Don’tworry(變式題2)“Whatdoyouthinkoftheservicehere?”“Oh,______.Wecouldn’thavefoundabetterplace.”

A.toobad

B.sorry

C.wonderful

D.impossible2.Everyoneknowsthat_______isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_______isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.it,

what

D.what,it（變式題）Yes,______isdifficulttofindajobnowadays,but_____ismoredifficultistrytofindsuchajobwithahighsalarybutlittlethingstodo.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.

what,it

D.it,what

3._______tothetopofthehill,andyoucanseethewholeofthetown.Get

B.Toget

C.Getting

D.Havinggot（變式題1)___someofthisjuice—perhapsyouwilllikeit.

A.Try

B.

Trying

C.Totry

D.Tohavetried（變式題2)

Whystandtherewatching—_____andhelpus!

A.come

B.coming

C.tocome

D.tobecoming4.Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould______hisoralEnglish.A.improve

B.toimprove

C.improving

D.toimproving（變式題1）Hespenteveryminutehecould_____spokenEnglish.A.practise

B.topractice

C.practising

D.practised（變式題2）Heranasfastashecould_____tocatchtheearlybus.A.tohope

B.hope

C.hoping

D.hoped（變式題3）Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.

A.enter

B.toenter

C.entering

D.entered5.Howhappyweare!

Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.

A.tohascome

B.tohavecome

C.tohavingcome

D.hascome（變式題1)Themanyoureferredto_____justnow.

A.comes

B.come

C.coming

D.came（變式題2)

Thetheoryhesticksto______tobeofnouseinourstudies.

A.proves

B.prove

C.proving