藥學專業(yè)英語第16課第二部分：FDA Policeman or Teacher

Goodmorning!

Everyone!PolicemanTeacher2.FDA:PolicemanorTeacher?2.FDA:PolicemanorTeacher?

Afewyearsago,thebigthingforthe

collegeagecrowdwastodwellonthequestion,“whoamI?”大學年齡段的年輕人詳述;細想whoamI?譯文：幾年前，對于大學年齡段的年輕人來說有一個重要問題就是不停地問“我是誰”。Notonlydopersonsundergo

suchidentitycrisesbutattimesorganizationsandagenciesalsoexperiencethistypeoftraumatic

soul-searching.n.深思;真摯的自我反省adj.創(chuàng)傷的身份危機v.經(jīng)歷whatamI?譯文：不僅對個人來講要經(jīng)歷這個自我鑒定的危機，有時組織和機構也要經(jīng)歷這種痛苦的自我反省的過程。Inanumberofrespects,thebehavioroftheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasappearedtothiswriterassuggestingthatitissimilarlyuncertainastoitsproperroleorfunction.whatisit?n.方面;敬意譯文：在許多方面，F(xiàn)DA的行為都讓筆者覺得它的任務和功能是很不明確的。v.暗示Inparticular,theAgencyhasoftenactedambivalentandwaveringasithasmovedbackandforthbetweenatleasttwodistinctlydifferentroles:namely,thatofapoliceofficerandthatofateacher.No,

IamateacherNo,

I’mapoliceofficeradj.自相矛盾的adj.猶豫不決的譯文：尤其，F(xiàn)DA經(jīng)常行為模棱兩可而且搖擺不定，經(jīng)常在警察和老師這兩個不同的角色間前后搖擺。Bylaw,theFDAhasresponsibilitytooverseethepurity,quality,identity,safety,usefulness,andrelatedcharacteristicsofthenation’sfood,drug,andcosmeticsupply.

YourresponsibilityistooverseeBalabalabala…Asabove.Soga!譯文：從法律上來講，F(xiàn)DA負責監(jiān)督國內(nèi)食品，藥品和化妝品的純度、質(zhì)量、品質(zhì)、安全、用途和相關性狀。Withthislegalmandate,theAgencyisclearlyaregulatorybodyandmustoperateinamannertoassure

compliance.

You’rearegulatorybodyandmustassuretheircompliance.Areukiddingme?Thistaskissoarduous!n.授權;命令監(jiān)察機構n.順從;服從vt.保證;擔保譯文：在這種法律授權下，F(xiàn)DA是一個明確的管理機構，并且在某種程度上必須保證執(zhí)法。Butcompliance

itselfcanbeachievedbyatleasttwodifferentroutes.譯文：但是執(zhí)法本身可以遵循至少兩條不同的方法。n.順從;服從n.路線;航線Thereis,ofcourse,thatofclosesupervisionandmonitoringcombinedwithvariousenforcementmeasures.n.監(jiān)督,管理n.強制措施n.監(jiān)控,監(jiān)視譯文：當然，可以是嚴密的監(jiān)督和檢查，結合各種強制措施。However,torelysolelyonthisapproachwouldvirtually

necessitateoneFDAagentforeachpersonbeingmonitored—clearlyanunrealisticsystem.譯文：然而，僅僅依靠這種方法，實質(zhì)上就需要為每個被監(jiān)督者都配備一名FDA官員—顯然這是不切實際的。adv.事實上,幾乎adv.單獨地vt.迫使Thissameproblemisencounteredinotheraspectsofday-to-dayliving;forexample,adherencetotrafficregulationsandpaymentofincometaxes.v.遇到，曾遭遇遵守譯文：同樣的問題在日常生活的其他方面也是存在的，舉例來說，遵守交通規(guī)則和繳納所得稅。所得稅Bothofthesesystemsbasicallyrelyonvoluntarycompliancebythegeneralpublic,coupledwithspotchecksofdrivingspeedandsamplingoftaxreturnsforauditing.納稅申報單抽查n.取樣,抽樣譯文：這兩樣基本上都依靠公眾自覺遵守，并結合駕駛速度抽檢和繳稅抽檢審計。n.審計Similarly,theFDAmustprimarilyrelyonthevoluntarycomplianceofthosewhooperatewithintheprofessionsandindustriesthatareresponsiblefortheproductsoverwhichtheFDAhasjurisdiction.譯文：同樣的，F(xiàn)DA也必須主要依靠人們的自覺遵守，這些人在生成FDA管轄范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的專門機構和工廠工作。vt.操作,經(jīng)營n.管轄權n.首先,主要地Thisvoluntarycomplianceisencouragedbyaparallelprogramofregulatoryenforcementviaproductsampling,batchtesting

marketplacesurveys,plantinspections,andsoo