高考英語復習新坐標必修5Unit5firstaid

●單詞速覽1．_________adj.暫時的；臨時的2．_______n.毒藥；毒害

vt.毒害；使中毒3．________adj.復雜的4．_____vt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌5．________n.典禮；儀式；禮節(jié)6．_________n.救護車Temporarypoisoncomplexpourceremonyambulance7．_______n．損傷；傷害→______v.損害；傷害8._______n.變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)→_______adj.各種各樣的9._____adj.輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的→_______adv.輕微地；溫和地10．______vi.&vt.(使)膨脹；隆起→_______adj.腫脹的Injuryinjurevarietyvariousmildmildlyswellswollen11.______vt.&vi.治療；對待；款待

n.款待；招待→__________n.治療；療法；對待；待遇12.______vt.涂；敷；搽；應用；運用

vi.申請；請求；使用；有效→________n.申請人→_________n.申請(書)treattreatmentapplyapplicantapplication●短語快譯1．_____生病2．_______在適當?shù)奈恢茫贿m當3．_______________區(qū)別對待；有影響；起(重要)作用4．_______急救5．___________觸電；電休克6．__________榨出；擠出7．_________________反復；多次8．_______________找到9．___________若干；許多fallillinplacemakeadifferencefirstaidelectricshocksqueezeoutoverandoveragainputone'shandsonanumberof●句式構(gòu)建1．unless引導條件狀語從句Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn(除非它粘在燒傷面上)．2．bedoing...when...正在做……這時……Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.(正在學習……這時)3．Itwas...that...為強調(diào)句型ItwasJohn'squickactionandknowledgeoffirstaidthat(就是約翰快捷的動作和急救知識)savedMsSlade'slife.1．a(chǎn)id根據(jù)語境猜詞性和詞義(1)WhenIwasintrouble，allmyfriendscametomyaid.n.幫助(2)Iaidedthepoorgirlincontinuingherstudy.vt.資助，幫助①withtheaidofsb.＝withsb.'said在某人的幫助下inaidof用以援助do/give/offer/perform/carryoutfirstaid進行急救go/cometosb.'said去/來援助某人②aidsb.insth./doingsth.在某方面幫助某人aidsb.withsth.以某物幫助某人aidsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事(3)WiththeaidofourEnglishteacher，wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.在英語老師的幫助下，這學期我們已經(jīng)獲得了巨大的進步。(4)Theyaidedthatpoorvillagewithmoney.他們用錢幫助那個窮鄉(xiāng)村。2．pour根據(jù)語境猜詞性和詞義(1)Sweatpoursdownmyfaceandintomyeyes.(2011四川，閱讀理解A)v.涌流，傾瀉(2)Kimpouredsomewaterintoaglass.v.傾倒，倒(3)Theraincontinuedtopourdown.v.(雨)傾盆而下pourinto涌入pourout傾訴；傾吐pourcoldwaterover/on對……潑冷水poursth.outtosb.向……傾訴……(4)Theminerpouredeverythingout_tohisfamilythathehadsufferedunderthemineduringthe69days.那位礦工向家人傾訴了他那69天在井下的遭遇。(5)Lettersofcomplaintcontinuetopourin.投訴信紛至沓來。3．treat根據(jù)語境猜詞性和詞義(1)Donottreatthisseriousmatterasajoke.vt.對待(2)Let'sgooutfordinner—mytreatthistime.n.款待；招待(3)Thedentististreatingmeformyteeth.vt.治療①treatsb.as...把某人當做……treatsb.for...給某人治……病treatsb.to...用……招待某人②treatmentn．治療；對待have/receivetreatment接受治療givetreatmenttosb.給某人治療undertreatment正在接受治療③It'smytreat.我請客。(4)Shetreateachofthechildrentoanicecream.她請每個孩子吃了個冰激凌?！疽谆毂嫖觥縞ure與treat用作動詞時，兩者均可表示“治療”，但含義有所不同：cure通常強調(diào)結(jié)果，指治愈某種疾病或某人的疾病，常用curesb.ofone'sillness；而treat則通常強調(diào)過程，指對病人進行診斷和治療，但不含治好的意思。(5)TBisaseriousillness，butitcanbecured.肺結(jié)核雖然是一種嚴重的疾病，但可治愈。4．a(chǎn)pply根據(jù)語境猜詞性和詞義(1)Morestudentsareapplyingforaid，andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.(2011山東，閱讀理解C)vi.申請(2)Thequestionsonthispartoftheformonlyapplytomarriedmen.vt.適用(3)Thenurseisapplyingsomemedicinetohiswound.vt.涂，敷①applysth.to把……涂到……；把……運用到……applyoneselfto致力于；集中精力于applyto適應于……apply(to...)for...(向……)申請……②applicantn．申請人applicationn．申請；申請書；適用

(4)Thisrulecan'tapplytoeverycase.這條規(guī)則并不適用于所有情況。(5)Hewoulddoverywellifonlyheappliedhimself.只要專心致志，他會做得很好的。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thelawshould________(適用)toallofthepeoplelivinghere.2．Hisfootwasvery________(腫脹的)afterthebigaccident.3．It'smy________(招待，款待)；whatwouldyoulike?4．We'recollectingmoneyin________(幫助)ofcancerresearch.5．Iwasinthekitchen，________(倒，斟)outdrinks.【答案】

1.apply

2.swollen

3.treat

4.aid

5.pouringⅡ.單項填空1．(2013屆寶雞模擬)Nowalotofnewtechnologycan________problemsinindustry.A．beappliedtosolve

B．beappliedtosolvingC．a(chǎn)pplytosolve D．a(chǎn)pplytosolving【解析】

考查被動語態(tài)及動詞搭配。apply...to...意為“把……應用到……上”，其中to為介詞，故不選A；句子主語newtechnology與動詞apply之間為被動關系，故不選C、D?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B4．Theycollectedmuchmoney________thepoorboy.A．inaid B．inaidofC．withtheaidof D．gaveaidto【解析】

句意：他們募集資金用以幫助那個貧困的男孩。inaidof“用以幫助”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B5．(2013屆福州檢測)Oncethenewrulesaremade，whatmattersmuchnextishowtheywillbe________toallthemembersoftheclub.A．devoted B．referredC．a(chǎn)pplied D．directed【解析】

beappliedto在句中意為“應用于”，句中是說把新規(guī)定應用于俱樂部的所有成員的身上。而bedevotedto意為“專心于，致力于”；referto意為“提到”；directto意為“指向”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C1．inplace根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)Ilikeeverythinginplace.在適當?shù)奈恢?2)Theproposalisnotquiteinplace.適當①outofplace不在適當位置；不合適inplaceof代替；取代inthefirstplace首先；第一點②takeplace發(fā)生takeone'splace就座；代替taketheplaceof代替；取代

(3)Ifeltcompletelyoutofplaceamongallthosesmartrichpeople.在那些精明的富人中間，我覺得自己完全格格不入。(4)Iusedhoneyinplaceofsugar.我用蜂蜜代替糖。2．makeadifference根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)“Itreallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially，”saysDave.起作用(2)Itisn'twhatyouhavedonebutwhatwilldothatmakesadifference.對……有影響(3)Afalsestepwillmadeagreatdifferencetomyfuture.對……有重大影響①makeno/somedifference(tosb./sth.)(對某人/物)沒有(有些)作用或影響②tellthedifference(betweenAandB)辨別；區(qū)分(A和B)(4)Thatmakesnodifferencetomewhatyousay.你說什么對我都沒關系。(5)Doesitmakeanydifferencewhethershewillcometoourparty？她來不來參加我們的聚會有什么關系嗎？(6)Thetwinsaresoalike；it'sdifficulttotellthedifference.這對雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分辨出來。3．Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.(教材P34)除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則把衣服都要脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。unless為從屬連詞，引導條件狀語從句，意為“除非……否則的話”，相當于if...not...。(1)Youwillbelateforclassunlessyoustartrightnow.如果你現(xiàn)在不出發(fā)的話，上學就會遲到的。(2)Youwillnotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.除非你很用功，否則你就不會成功。①unless＝if...not...但并不是所有的if...not...都能替換成unless，特別是當從句的動作或情況不發(fā)生，主句的情況才能發(fā)生時，只能用if...not...，不能用unless。②unless與if，when等一樣，可使用省略結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)WewillhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayunlessitrainsorit'sverycold.除非下雨或天很冷，我們將在本周日去公園野餐。(4)Unlessyou'vetriedit，youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.除非你嘗試一下，否則你無法想象那是多么令人愉快。4．Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.約翰正在房間里學習，突然聽到一聲尖叫。bedoing...when...正在做……這時……。when在此句中意為“這時；突然”，相當于atthis/thattime。(1)IwaswalkingalongthestreamwhenImetmyEnglishteacher.我在沿著小溪散步時遇到了我的英語老師。beabouttodo...when...正打算做……這時……bejustgoingtodo...when...正要……這時……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要……這時……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛做了……這時……

(2)Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.我正打算出去，這時電話響了。(3)Thethiefwasonthepointofputtinghishandintothelady'shandbagwhenthebussuddenlystopped.小偷正要把手伸進那位女士的手提袋中，這時公共汽車突然停了。Ⅰ.單項填空1．(2012·聊城檢測)Wedon'tthinkyourproposaltobe________sowecan'tacceptit.A．quiteinplace B．veryinplaceC．quiteinitsplace D．quiteinourplace【解析】

句意：我認為你的建議很不恰當，所以我們不同意接受它。inplace恰當?shù)模m當?shù)?。B項應改為verymuchinplace。【答案】

A2．Shethoughtitwasworthwhileforhertoteachinthesmallvillagetomakea________tothelifeofthechildrenthere.A．difference B．senseC．study D．discovery【解析】

makeadifference“有影響，起作用，有關系”是固定短語?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．(2012·福建高考)ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties________itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.A．if B．unlessC．because D．since【解析】

句意：希臘政府很難克服目前的困境，除非它從歐盟得到更多的經(jīng)濟支持。B項unless相當于if...not，引導條件狀語從句，符合要求。【答案】

B4．What________willitmakewhetherMr.Blacktellsusthestoryearlyornot?A．sense B．differenceC．mistake D．use【解析】

makeadifference意為“有影響；有關系；起(重要)作用”，題干中是將該短語拆開使用。句意：布萊克先生提不提前告訴我們那件事有什么關系嗎？【答案】

B5．(2013屆曲阜質(zhì)檢)Sheopenedhereyeswithastartandwasabouttocryout________sheheardherfatherurgentlytellinghertokeepquiet.A．while B．whenC．before D．a(chǎn)fter【解析】

beabouttodo...when剛一做……就……?！敬鸢浮?/p>

BⅡ.完成句子1．Becauseofhardworkdayandnighthe______________(病倒了)．(fall)2．Ihopeyoucanleaveallthebooksinthelibrary________________(在適當?shù)奈恢?．(place)3．I'mafraidIcan't______________(找到)yourletterjustatthemoment.(hand)4．Theseaairhas______________(有影響)herhealthandnowshecanmovearoundwithoutastick.(difference)5．She________________(正在練習沖浪，突然)asharkstruckher，bitingoffherleftarm.【答案】

1.fellill

2.inplace

3.putmyhandson4．madeadifferenceto

5.waspractisingsurfingwhen省略1．IhavedecidedthatIwouldnotattendherbirthdayparty________.A．ifinviting

B．wheninvitingC．unlessinvited D．whileinvited【解析】

考查省略。unlessinvited是unlessIwasinvited的省略。【答案】

C2．(2012·寧夏三市模擬)Thefootballerdidn'tsucceedinscoring，though________severalchancesbyhisteammates.A．wasgiven B．beinggivenC．giving D．given【解析】

考查非謂語動詞和省略。該句though后面是省略結(jié)構(gòu)，相當于thoughhewasgivenseveralchancesbyhisteammates。邏輯主語thefootballer與動詞give構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞given，所以這里選D項?！敬鸢浮?/p>

D3．(2012·江西部分重點中學第二次聯(lián)考)—WillyouleaveforAustraliaforvacationonMayDay?—No，wefinallydecided________.A．tonotleave B．nottoC．don'tleave D．won'tleave【解析】

考查省略。答句句意“我們最終決定不去了”，完整的句子應是No，wefinallydecidednottoleaveforAustraliaforvacationonMayDay.故選擇B項?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B4．(2012·黑龍江省三市聯(lián)考)Becarefulwhenyoudealwiththischemical，asitwillexplodewhen________tosunlight.A．beingexposed B．toexposeC．exposing D．exposed【解析】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：當你處理這種化學物品時要小心，因為當它暴露在陽光下時會爆炸。后半句是“asitwillexplodewhenitisexposedtosunlight”的省略形式，it與expose之間是動賓關系，故用過去分詞形式。【答案】

D5．(2011·江蘇高考)Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar'sengine.________，we'dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.A．Otherwise B．IfnotC．Butforthat D．Ifso【解析】

句意：汽車的發(fā)動機聽上去好像出了問題。如果這樣的話，我們最好馬上把車開到修理廠。ifso“假如這樣的話”，符合句意，所以選D。Otherwise“否則”；ifnot“如果不……”；butforthat“要不是那個的話”，均不符合句意。【答案】

D細節(jié)理解題一般根據(jù)短文提供的信息和事實進行提問，命題人通常通過對文章細節(jié)加以改寫，來考查考生準確理解細節(jié)的能力。一、細節(jié)題的正確選項通常有以下特征1．對原文句子中的關鍵詞進行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項?！菊骖}鏈接1】(2012·全國卷Ⅰ)●Headtoanaturalhistorymuseum.Thisiswherekidscandiscoverthepastfromdinosaur(恐龍)modelstorockcollectionsandpicturesofstarsinthesky.Also，askwhatkindofworkshopsandeducationalprogramsarepreparedforkidsandanyspecialeventsthatarecomingup.56．Ifachildisinterestedintheuniverse，heprobablywillvisit________.A．a(chǎn)YoutheaterB．a(chǎn)nartmuseumC．a(chǎn)naturalhistorymuseumD．a(chǎn)hands-onsciencemuseum【步步精析】

細節(jié)理解題。題干中的theuniverse是解題的關鍵。第三段第二句“Thisiswherekidscandiscoverthepastfromdinosaurmodelstorockcollectionsandpicturesofstarsinthesky.”中的picturesofstarsinthesky與universe相對應，因此如果孩子對宇宙感興趣，可以去自然歷史博物館?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C2．詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變原文句子的語態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。3．語言簡化。把原文中的復雜語言現(xiàn)象進行簡化，成為正確答案。4．正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達而成為正確選項(適用于尋找錯誤選項的題目)。二、細節(jié)理解題可分為三種類型1．直接信息題：答案幾乎可以直接從短文中獲得，答案和原文中含有相關信息的句子在用詞上也幾乎相同。2．間接信息題：有時在原文中找不到同正確選項相近的詞，其答案可能是原文某一事實的結(jié)果、原因、前提等?！菊骖}鏈接2】(2012·廣東高考)Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere，meaninglesssocialcustomattimes，thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitisalittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl，thewaitress，theteacher，andallthecountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway，it'snicetoknowtheycareenoughtopretendtheycarewhentheyreallydon'tcareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere，itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.29．Accordingtothelastparagraph，peoplesay“Haveaniceday”________．A．sincerely

B．a(chǎn)sthanksC．a(chǎn)sahabit D．encouragingly【步步精析】

細節(jié)理解題。由上文itisalwaysspoken和peoplesayitallthetime可知，人們說Haveaniceday是一種習慣了。【答案】

C3．數(shù)字計算題：此類試題是在文章中直接表現(xiàn)出來細節(jié)事實，有的要經(jīng)過具體的計算才能夠得出正確的答案。【真題鏈接3】(2012·福建高考)MonthlyMinutes50100MonthlyRate$14.99$19.99911AccessFREEFREELongDistanceCallsNoadditionalchargeNoadditionalchargeFriendlyReturnPolicy30days30days64.Onthemonthlybasisof100minutes，theJitterbugweeklyrateisabout________.A．$3.75

B．$4.99C．$14.99 D．$19.99【步步精析】

推理計算題。文章中表格內(nèi)容顯示每個月100分鐘的花費是19.99美元，所以每周的花費是4.99美元。解答好本題的關鍵是看清原文的“MonthlyRate”和題干中的weeklyrate?！敬鸢浮?/p>

BA(20