【課件】Unit 5 Discover useful structures 課件高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

DiscovingUsefulStructures

P53

新人教選擇性必修Book2

Unit5FirstAid

TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.（1）你可以想象，燒傷會導(dǎo)致非常嚴(yán)重的傷害。（2）治療燒傷的第一步也是最重要的一步是進(jìn)行急救。

（3）最好將燒傷處置于清涼的自來水下，尤其是在起

初十分鐘內(nèi)（4）如果有必要，用剪刀把衣服剪掉，除非你看到布

料粘在燒傷的皮膚上。（5）你可以用一塊寬松干凈的布覆蓋燒傷部位。Leading-inLeading-inReadthesentencesbelow.1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.5.Youcanprotecttheburnbycoveringitwithacleancloth.Whatisthefunctionofthe-ingformineachsentencebelow?(Subject主語)(Predicative表語)(Objectafterapreposition介詞后面的賓語)(Attribute定語)(Adverbial狀語)(Objectcomplement賓語補(bǔ)足語)Canyouexpressthesameideaswithoutusingthe-ingform?1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.3.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Asyoucanimagine,ifyougetburnt,itcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsistogivefirstaid.Itisbesttorunsomecoolwaterandplaceburnsunderit,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Canyouexpressthesameideaswithoutusingthe-ingform?4.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.Usescissorstoremoveanyclothesifnecessary,unlessyoufindthatthefabricisstickingtotheburntskin.Toprotecttheburntarea,youcancoveritwithaloosecleancloth.5.Youcanprotecttheburnbycoveringitwithacleancloth.Replaceeachunderlinedpartwithasuitable-ingformandrewritethesentenceasnecessary.1.Whenhegotoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.2.Isthereanyreasonwhywearenotgoingtohave

thefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?3.Shehadbeentoldabouttheriskofelectricshocksandthismadeherverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Whengettingoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.Isthereanyreasonfornothavingthefirst-aidtrainingthisweek?(否定式)4.Becausethechildwasnotwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,hetouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.5.Aftershehadbeenbittenbymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.Havingbeentold

abouttheriskofelectricshocks,shewasverycarefulwhileusinghairdryers.Notbeingwatchedcarefullybyhisparents,thechildtouchedahotironandburnthisfinger.Afterbeing/havingbeenbitten

bymosquitoes,sheappliedsomemedicinetoherskin.(完成式的被動語態(tài))(被動語態(tài)的否定式)

(被動語態(tài)/完成式的被動語態(tài))復(fù)習(xí)動詞-ing形式Reviewofthe-ingformPresentation

主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)肯定式否定式肯定式否定式一般式doing完成式havingbeen

done一、-ing形式的結(jié)構(gòu)notdoingbeingdonenotbeingdonehavingdonenothavingdonenothavingbeen

done（1）動詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，通常置于句首，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一個(gè)人保持健康。。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.對于老人來說爬山確實(shí)困難。二、-ing形式的用法1．作主語（2）形式主語it代替動詞-ing形式作主語。

此類句式常見的有：It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.

做某事沒用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.

做某事沒好處/沒用/沒意思Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.

勸說這種人加入我們是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.

悔恨過去是沒用的。1.Itisnouse/good_______(cry)overspiltmilk.2.Itisuseless_______(try)toexplain.3.Itisawasteoftimeandmoney_______(see)thatmovie.4.Thereisnogood/use(in)_______(argue)withhim.5.Thereisnopoint(in)________(hurry)togetthere.即學(xué)即練：cryingtryingseeingarguinghurrying2．作賓語動詞-ing形式作賓語時(shí)，表示動作的對象，或代替it作真正的賓語，如：(1)Wetriedtoavoidmakingmistakes.(2)Haveyou

consideredlookingfor

onespecialfriend?(3)Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?(4)Idon'tthinkitpossiblelivinginsuchacoldplace.Keyanddifficultpoints（1）某些動詞或動詞短語之后只能接動詞-ing形式作賓語：考慮建議盼原諒:consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,pardon承認(rèn)推遲沒得想:

admit,delay/putoff,fancy/imagine避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練:

avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice否認(rèn)完成停能賞:deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡:

can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape禁止冒險(xiǎn)憑想象:forbid,risk,imagine難以忍受始反對:can’tstand,setabout/getdownto,objectto想要成功堅(jiān)持忙:feellike,succeedin,insiston,bebusy(in)...習(xí)慣放棄有困難:getusedto,giveup,havedifficulty/trouble(in)...導(dǎo)致專心不推遲:leadto/contributeto,bedevotedto,putoffA.接doing和todo意思基本相同的常見的有:

like,love,hate,prefer,continue,begin/startB.接動詞-ing形式或todo作賓語時(shí)意義差別較大的動詞有：remember/forgettodosth.記著/忘記要做某事remember/forgetdoingsth.記著/忘記做過某事regrettodo/doingsth.遺憾要做/后悔做了某事（2）既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞trytodo/doingsth.

努力做/試著做某事meantodo/doingsth.

打算做/意味著做某事stoptodo/doingsth.停下來去做（另一件

事）/停止做某事can’thelp（to）do/doingsth.不能幫忙做/禁不住做某事Theystoppedtohavealookatthefantasticscenery.

他們停下來，看了看這美妙絕倫的風(fēng)景。Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.

他們停止工作，休息了一下(3)用it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是動詞-ing形式。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：主語＋think/consider/find/feel/believe+it＋useless/nouse/nogood/...＋doing..1.Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested_______(stop)atthenexttown..2.

Doyouconsideritgood________(try)again?3.Asformyfutureplan,Iwillstickto_________(recite)poems.4.I’mlookingforwardto________(hear)fromyou.5.Myfathergetsusedto______(go)tobedlateand________(get)upveryearly.6.Wouldyoupayattentionto__________(listen)tothematerialscarefully?即學(xué)即練：recitinghearinggoinggettinglisteningstoppingtrying3．作表語動詞-ing形式作表語：說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或內(nèi)容，如：Thefilmisinteresting.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Myjobislooking

afterthechildren.Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.注：動詞-ing形式作表語表抽象的一般性的行為，而不定式作表語表一次具體的動作或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事。e.g:Tony’shobbyisdrawing，butnowwhathewantstodois（to）dance.

托尼的愛好是畫畫，可是現(xiàn)在他想要做的是跳舞。(1)Judgingfromhislook，thenewswas

（shock）.(2)Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisvery

（inspire）.(3)Onepartofhisworkis

（make）monthlyadvertisingbudgets.(4)Onemistakeyoumadeis

（ignore）thedifferencebetweenthetwofindings.(5)Yourtaskforthenextfewdaysis

（read）theadaptationfromthenovel.即學(xué)即練：shockinginspiringmakingignoringto

read4．作定語(1)單個(gè)動詞的-ing形式作定語位于被修飾名詞的前面,既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能,也可以表示被修飾者的動作或狀態(tài)。drinkingwaterawalkingsticktiringmusicasurprisingresult(2)–ing形式短語作定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞之后，

并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.Theman

standingthere

isPeter’sfather.=Theman

whoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.(3)-ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，這時(shí)，它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.(1)Generallyspeaking，theflowers

（smell）sweetcanattractmorebees.(2)Theseoldhouses

（追溯到）the1500sareunderrepairnow.(3)Advertisersattempttocatchthereaders’interestwithpicturesand

（令人興奮

的標(biāo)題）.(4)Todaytherearemoreairplanes

（載著更多人）thaneverbeforeinthesky.即學(xué)即練：smellingdatingbacktoexcitingheadlinescarryingmorepeople5．作賓語補(bǔ)足語(1)動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面,表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動性的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程或一種狀態(tài)。Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.Ifoundabaglyingontheground.(2)當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，原來作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補(bǔ)足語。Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.(3)能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞：A.表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞,常見的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypatting

meontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingburning?B.表示指使意義的動詞,常見的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。Iwon’thaveyou

doing

that.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohave

keptyouwaiting.(4)作介詞with

的賓補(bǔ),在“with+賓語+doing”結(jié)構(gòu)中，doing表示主動或進(jìn)行。

Withthefinalexamapproaching，thestudentsarestudyingharder.【注】

“with+賓語+done”表示被動或完成；

“with+賓語+todo”表示尚未發(fā)生。

Helayinbedwithhiseyesfocusedontheceiling.他躺在床上，眼睛盯著天花板。

Withaninterviewtotake，hefeltalittlenervous.要參加面試，他感到有點(diǎn)兒緊張。(1)Weshouldn’tkeephim

（continue）towastehistimeplayinggames.(2)WhenIcamein，IsawLinda

（comfort）thecryinggirl.(3)China’simageisimprovingsteadily，withmorecountries

（recognize）itsroleininternationalaffairs.(4)Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withaChristmastree

（stand）inthemiddle.(5)Hewasjustabouttositdownwhenhefeltsomething

（move）nearhisfeet.即學(xué)即練：continuingcomfortingrecognizingstandingmovingBeingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,makingitthemostpopularsong.Walkingahead,youwillseeawhitehouse.Admittingwhatyousay,Istillthinkyouarewrong.6．作狀語表示動作發(fā)生的原因、時(shí)間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等。表原因表伴隨表時(shí)間表結(jié)果表?xiàng)l件表讓步1.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.

______,hedidn’tgotoschool.2.Whenshewaswalkingalongthestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.

___________thestreetoneday,shemetanoldfriendofhers.3.Ifitissunny,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.___________,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow.BeingillWalkingalong用-ing形式改寫句子,使該句與所給句子的意思相同。Itbeingsunny即學(xué)即練：4.Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV._____________herhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.5.Becausetheyhadbeenwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes._________________bytheteacher,theydidn’tmakesuchmistakes.6.Asitwasaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.________________,alltheshopswereshut.ItbeingaholidayHavingfinishedHavingbeenwarnedCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthegivenwords.

ProductionMrsTaylorwasanelderlywoman______(live)alone.Oneday,shewasinherlivingroomcleaningthewindows,whensuddenlyshecouldnolongerfeeltherightsideofherbody._____(try)towalktohersofatositdown,shefelloverontothecarpet.Thensherealisedthatshecouldnotgetup,andthatshewashavingtrouble________(breathe).Fortunately,shehadhermobilephonewithher,andshewasabletoreachitwithherlefthandwhile_____(lie)onthefloor.Hermobilephone_______________(already,setup)tocallanemergencynumberatthepushoflivingTryingbreathinglyingwasalreadysetupabutton,soitwaseasytocallforhelp.Whileattemptingtotalktotheoperator,MrsTaylordiscoveredthatshecouldnotspeak._________(not,hear)ananswer,theoperatorknewthatMrsTaylormustbeintrouble.TellingMrsTaylorthateverythingwouldbeOK,sheimmediatelysentanambulance.After________(arrive),theambulanceteamquicklyfoundMrsTaylorandwithoutdelaygaveheroxygen,putinanIVneedle,andcheckedhervitalsigns.______________(take)tothehospitalandtreatedimmediately,MrsTaylor'shealthwasinnogreatdanger,thoughshehadtostayinthehospitalward.Afteraweek,her________(frighten)experiencewasover,andshewasallowedtogohome.Not

hearingarrivingHaving

been

takenfrighteningDiscussion（1）Whathappenedt