【公開(kāi)課課件】第二部分 專題2 形容詞和副詞

Grammar第二部分

詞法篇——名詞、形容詞和副詞專題1

名詞專題2

形容詞和副詞PART

1高頻考點(diǎn)清單PART

2重溫高考真題PART

3熱考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)專題2形容詞和副詞PART

4綜合演練PART

1高頻考點(diǎn)清單框架結(jié)構(gòu)圖形容詞和副詞的功能1.形容詞的功能：形容詞主要是用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞，說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)，在句中：①作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞，說(shuō)明其性質(zhì)、特征等；②作表語(yǔ)與連系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征；③作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或特征；④作狀語(yǔ)主要表示原因、伴隨等。⑤作獨(dú)立成分。2.副詞的功能：副詞作狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的特征，常用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)及整個(gè)句子等。1.形容詞和副詞的位置形容詞是用來(lái)修飾名詞的，常被放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，或放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。而副詞則是用來(lái)修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞、其他副詞或者句子的，一般位于形容詞之前，動(dòng)詞之后或句子之首。以下屬幾種特殊情況，須牢記：(1)形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，須后置。ataskdifficulttofinish形容詞和副詞的核心考點(diǎn)(2)表語(yǔ)形容詞(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定語(yǔ)，須后置，如amanalive。有些表身體健康狀況的形容詞如well，faint，ill只作表語(yǔ)；sick既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)。ill如果不是表示身體或精神上“不適的”“不健康的”“有病的”等，而是表示類似bad(不好的)的意思時(shí)，通常只作定語(yǔ)。He’sbeenillsincethen.Byillluck，myflighthadbeencancelled.(3)形容詞用作定語(yǔ)，修飾由不定代詞one，no，any，some和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如anything，something等時(shí)，通常后置。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.(4)else常用作疑問(wèn)代詞和不定代詞的后置定語(yǔ)。(5)enough修飾名詞前置或后置均可；修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞或副詞時(shí)，必須后置。(6)幾個(gè)副詞并列作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其順序較靈活，但一般是：方式→地點(diǎn)→時(shí)間。WehadagoodtimetogetheroutdoorslastSunday.(7)頻度副詞如often，always，usually等放在be動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前。(8)副詞作定語(yǔ)，須后置。Thepersonthereiswaitingforyou.(9)幾個(gè)并列的形容詞作定語(yǔ)，其語(yǔ)序通常為：限定詞(包括冠詞、所有格、人稱代詞、指示代詞、數(shù)詞等)＋觀點(diǎn)詞(品質(zhì)、狀態(tài)，即表示好、壞、美、丑等的詞)＋形狀或樣式詞(大小、長(zhǎng)短或高低詞)＋年齡或新舊詞＋顏色詞＋產(chǎn)地或來(lái)源詞＋材料或種類詞＋用途詞＋名詞。aheavyblackChinesesteelumbrella(10)以-ly結(jié)尾的詞性辨析。①下列單詞以-ly結(jié)尾，但卻是形容詞而非副詞：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely等。②表原意(無(wú)-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副詞：deep深deeply深入地wide寬廣widely廣泛地high高h(yuǎn)ighly高度地low位置低lowly地位卑微地dead完全，絕對(duì)bedeadasleepdeadly非常bedeadlytiredpretty相當(dāng)beprettycertainthat...prettily漂亮地beprettilydressedclose近Don’tsitclose.closely密切地Watchclosely！late晚，遲arrivelate，comelatelately最近Ihaven’tseenhimlately.③有無(wú)-ly意義大不相同的副詞：2.形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)(1)原級(jí)的構(gòu)成和用法。構(gòu)成：形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)即本身。用法：表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等某方面相等時(shí)，用“as＋原級(jí)形容詞/副詞＋as”的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示雙方不相等時(shí)，用“notso/as＋原級(jí)形容詞/副詞＋as”的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示一方是另一方的若干倍時(shí)，用“倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)形容詞/副詞＋as”的結(jié)構(gòu)。XiaoWangisastallasXiaoYu.MissXuspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.Thisbuildinglooksnotso/ashighasthatone.Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.(2)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成。掌握比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則，熟記少數(shù)不符合規(guī)則的特殊形容詞和副詞。(3)比較級(jí)的用法。①表示一方超過(guò)另一方時(shí)，用“比較級(jí)＋than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.②表示一方不及另一方時(shí)，用“l(fā)ess＋原級(jí)＋than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。

Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.③表示一方超過(guò)另一方的程度或數(shù)量時(shí)，可在比較級(jí)前加表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，如even，alot，abit，alittle，still，much，far，yet，byfar等修飾。Heworksevenharderthanbefore.注意：(A)英語(yǔ)的比較級(jí)前如無(wú)even，still或yet等時(shí)，譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)可用“較”或“……一些”或不譯出，一般不可用“更”。Sheisbetterthanshewasyesterday.她今天身體好些了。Pleasecomeearliertomorrow.請(qǐng)明天早點(diǎn)來(lái)。(B)byfar通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí)。用于比較級(jí)時(shí)，一般放在比較級(jí)的后面，如在前面，應(yīng)在二者中間加“the”。Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.④表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時(shí)，用“the＋比較級(jí)(主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))，the＋比較級(jí)(主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意為“越……就越……”)。Theharderheworks，thehappierhefeels.⑤不與其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改變時(shí)，用“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.⑥某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用to代替than。這些詞有inferior(劣等的，次的)，superior(較好的，優(yōu)于……)，junior(資歷較淺的)，senior(資格較老的)，prior(在……之前)等。HeissuperiortoMrZhanginchemistry.⑦在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that指物，one既可指人又可指物；that可代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(相當(dāng)于theone)和不可數(shù)名詞，而one只能代替可數(shù)名詞。Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthat(或theone)onthedesk.I’mafraidAlice’stheonlyonewhocandoit.⑧倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。(A)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesthesize(height，length，etc.)ofB.Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.(B)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesasbig(high，long，etc.)asB.AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.(C)Aisthree(four，etc.)timesbigger(higher，longer，etc.)thanB.Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.注意：用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double。(4)最高級(jí)的用法。①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the＋最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.②最高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally等詞或短語(yǔ)修飾。Thishatisbyfar/much/nearly/almost/notreally/bynomeans/notquitethebiggest.③表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，沒(méi)有最高級(jí)，也不能用比較級(jí)。④形容詞最高級(jí)修飾作表語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)的名詞、代詞時(shí)，被修飾的詞往往省略。Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.⑤作狀語(yǔ)的副詞最高級(jí)前可以不加定冠詞。Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.⑥否定詞＋比較級(jí)＝最高級(jí)Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.(5)形容詞和副詞前面使用冠詞的情況。①形容詞最高級(jí)前一般要加定冠詞，副詞最高級(jí)前可不加冠詞。②形容詞最高級(jí)前有時(shí)加不定冠詞，或不加冠詞，不表比較，表示“非?！薄eisamostcleveryoungpoliceman.(amost＝very)Thefilmismostinteresting.(most＝very)③表示兩者間“較……的一個(gè)”，比較級(jí)前加the。Whoistheolderofthetwoboys?④在“the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，可用省略形式。Themore，thebetter.(6)由as組成的形容詞或副詞短語(yǔ)。①asmuchas＋不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量多達(dá)……Eachstoneweighsasmuchasfifteentons.Shecouldearnasmuchas100dollarsaweek.②asmanyas＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)量多達(dá)……Ihaveasmanyassixteenreferencebooks.③asearlyas早在AsearlyasthetwelfthcenturytheEnglishbegantoinvadetheisland.④asfaras遠(yuǎn)到；就……而知(論)Wemightgoasfaras(遠(yuǎn)到)thechurchandback.AsfarasIknow(據(jù)我所知)，hehasbeentherebefore.⑤may(might，could)aswell不妨，不如Thenyoumightaswellstaywithushere.⑥as...asonecan盡某人所能的……Hebegantorun，asfastashecould.⑦as...aspossible盡可能……的Justgetthemtofinishupasquicklyaspossible.3.幾組重要的詞語(yǔ)辨析(1)very和much的區(qū)別。①可分等級(jí)的形容詞和副詞前使用very不用much。②表示狀態(tài)的分詞形容詞前用very。如averyfrightenedboy，averytiredchild，averycomplicatedproblem。一般情況下，以-ing，-ed結(jié)尾的分詞形容詞多用much，verymuch，greatly等修飾。WeweregreatlyshockedbythenewsaboutTom.IwasmuchamusedbyJack’sattitude.③已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very。如：veryinteresting/worrying/exciting。④too前用much，alot或far，不用very。如：Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.另外，在toomany/much，toofew/little前可用far。There’sfartoolittleopportunityforadventurethesedays.We’vegotfartoomanyeggsandfartoofeweggcups.⑤關(guān)于原級(jí)形容詞要記住下列固定的修飾結(jié)構(gòu)：(A)修飾“絕對(duì)”意義的形容詞，一般不用very，而用quite，completely，well，entirely。如：quitewrong(mistaken，sure)，completelydead，quiteimpossible，quiteperfect等。(B)修飾以a-開(kāi)頭的形容詞，多有特殊的修飾詞：quitealone，verymuchalone，wideawake，fastasleep，verymuchafraid。(C)修飾一些特殊形容詞的修飾語(yǔ)有：bewellworth，muchthesame，freezingcold，quitedifferent，terriblycold/frightening。(2)so...that...與such...that...的區(qū)別。so＋形容詞/副詞＋that...so＋形容詞＋a(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...so＋many/few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋that...so＋much/little(少)＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...(such＋a(n)＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...such＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...such＋形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋that...注意：下列結(jié)構(gòu)中只能用so不可用such：當(dāng)名詞前有many，much，little，few等表示“多、少”的詞修飾時(shí)，如somuchprogress，somanypeople，solittlefood，sofewapples等。但當(dāng)little表示“小”時(shí)用such，如：Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycan’tdressthemselves.下列短語(yǔ)中so的用法是錯(cuò)誤的：soadifficultproblem，sodifficultproblems，sohotweather。(3)其他幾組詞的辨析。①ago，before：ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”；before指以過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。②already，yet，still：already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生；still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句。③too，also，either：too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口語(yǔ)，also多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)；either用于否定句。④good，well：與good不同的是，well作形容詞用，只能在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，表示“身體狀況好的”；well還可作副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。⑤quick，fast：作形容詞皆表示“快的”。fast多指運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體，含持續(xù)的意思；quick多指一次動(dòng)作的敏捷、突然，而且持續(xù)的時(shí)間較短。⑥r(nóng)eal，true：作形容詞皆表示“真的”。real強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作定語(yǔ)；true指與事實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實(shí)際情況相符合，在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。⑦h(yuǎn)ard，difficult：均表示“困難”，但hard通常指體力上困難；difficult則指智力或技能上的困難，困難程度大于hard。它們都可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。1.搭配錯(cuò)誤(誤)Judgingfromhissadlyface...(正)Judgingfromhissadface...(誤)LittleTomfeltverysadly.(正)LittleTomfeltverysad.(誤)Youwillgetwarmwelcomed.(正)Youwillgetwarmlywelcomed.書(shū)面表達(dá)中形容詞和副詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦2.漢語(yǔ)干擾，詞性混亂(1)形容詞誤作動(dòng)詞(誤)HeeagertoknoweverythingaboutChina.(正)Heis

eagertoknoweverythingaboutChina.(2)形容詞與名詞混淆(誤)Thesportteachesustheimportantofobedience.(正)Thesportteachesustheimportanceofobedience.(3)形容詞與副詞混淆(誤)Unfortunate，manypeopleareignorantofit.(正)Unfortunately，manypeopleareignorantofit.3.比較級(jí)的錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)(誤)Thesealevelisrisingmore

and

more

high.(誤)Thesealevelisrisingmore

and

more

higher.(正)Thesealevelisrisinghigher

and

higher.PART

2重溫高考真題Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Runningischeap，easyandit’salways

(energy).(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析連系動(dòng)詞is后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填energy的形容詞形式energetic。energetic考向1詞形變換之形容詞123456782.AccordingtotheWorldBank，Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal

(globe)fertilizerconsumption.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析fertilizerconsumption是名詞短語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)該用形容詞修飾。故填global。global123456783.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe_________(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.(2018·浙江)答案解析解析根據(jù)前面的be可知，此處是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用形容詞；根據(jù)eatingoutonceortwiceaweek并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知應(yīng)是“付得起(affordable)”。affordable123456784.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點(diǎn)心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However，be

(care)nottogotoextremes.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析be之后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，care的形容詞形式是careful。careful123456785.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost

(success)ofthesenewlines，andwasopenedin1900.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析“oneofthe＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……的……之一”，此處應(yīng)填success的形容詞形式successful。successful123456786.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser，andshenoticeda

(shine)object.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析空格處修飾名詞object，故用形容詞。shine的形容詞形式為shiny或shining，意為“閃閃發(fā)光的”。shiny/shining123456787.Shewasavery

(care)mother.For25days，sheneverleftherbaby，noteventofindsomethingtoeat！(2016·四川)答案解析解析空格處修飾名詞mother，故用形容詞。care的形容詞是caring(照料他人的)或careful(細(xì)心的)。在此，兩個(gè)形容詞在語(yǔ)意上都能講得通。caring/careful123456788.As

(nature)architects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式。natural12345678Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析feel在此處是連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。happy12345672.Iwasafraidtospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析句意為：我不敢在一大群人面前說(shuō)話。這里沒(méi)有比較的意味，故把larger改為large。large12345673.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析此處stop是名詞，名詞前用形容詞修飾，所以把suddenly改為sudden。sudden12345674.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes，playingpopmusic，andcollectingthelatestmusicalbums.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析形容詞修飾名詞kinds。different12345675.Atonetime，Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。free12345676.Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析名詞前應(yīng)該用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故seriously應(yīng)改為serious。serious12345677.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.(2015·陜西)答案解析解析句意為：我認(rèn)為餅干真的很好。good作形容詞，意為“好的”，而well作形容詞意為“健康的，適宜的”。由句意可知此處應(yīng)用good。good1234567Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Atasteformeatis

(actual)behindthechange：Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens，pigs，andcattle.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析句意為：對(duì)肉的需求實(shí)際上是這種變化的背后原因。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子。故填actually。actually考向2詞形變換之副詞2341567892.Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen______(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析所填詞修飾形容詞unpleasant，故用fair的副詞形式fairly。fairly2341567893.Itis

(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析此處應(yīng)該用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞fun。certain的副詞形式為certainly。certainly2341567894.Fromtomorrow，IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞。officially2341567895.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich

(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。gradually2341567896.Chinesescientists

(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.(2016·四川)答案解析解析空格處修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)hadachance，應(yīng)用副詞。recent的副詞形式是recently。recently2341567897.Abercrombie&Kent，atravelcompanyinHongKong，saysit_________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析空格處修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrange，要用副詞形式regularly。regularly2341567898.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat

(slow)duringcoolnights，thuswarmingthehouse.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞giveout，因此要用副詞形式。slowly2341567899.Heownedafarm，whichlookedalmostabandoned.

(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.(2015·廣東)答案解析解析第二句句意為：幸運(yùn)的是，他還有一頭奶牛，每天都能產(chǎn)奶。luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)的是，這里用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子。Luckily234156789Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Immediate

，Iraisedmyhand.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案解析解析此處要用副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子，故把immediate改為immediately。Immediately123452.ThefirsttimeIwentthere，theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs，ducks，andotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchickens.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析去鄉(xiāng)下看望爺爺奶奶，應(yīng)該是“遠(yuǎn)指”而非“近指”，故把here改為there。there123453.Instead，hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用副詞。steadily123454.DadandIwereterribleworried.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析worried為形容詞化了的過(guò)去分詞，修飾形容詞應(yīng)該用副詞，所以將terrible改為terribly。terribly123455.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass，Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.(2015·浙江)答案解析解析修飾動(dòng)詞see要用副詞，故將easy改為easily。easily12345Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Therecouldbeaneven

(high)costonyourhealth.(2018·浙江)答案解析解析“副詞even＋比較級(jí)”表示“更……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。higher考向3形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)123452.Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal，runnerslivethreeyears

(long)thannon-runners.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活三年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí)，故填longer。longer123453.Asaresult，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even

(bad)，theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示程度的加深，所以用比較級(jí)形式。evenworse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。worse123454.Sixteenyears

(early)，Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析sixteenyearsearlier意為“早在16年前”。earlier123455.Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識(shí)別)thoseof

(great)andlessimportance.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析根據(jù)后面的andless可知，此處也要用比較級(jí)形式。greater12345Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)解析解析此處敘述他們經(jīng)常早起這一事實(shí)，沒(méi)有比較的意思，故不用比較級(jí)。答案early12342.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅲ)解析解析與前面的best并列，此處應(yīng)用最高級(jí)。答案worst12343.ThedishesthatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritest.(2016·四川)解析解析

favorite沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。答案favorite12344.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld，soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.(2015·陜西)解析解析前面有定冠詞the，后面有表示范圍的intheworld，所以應(yīng)該用形容詞的最高級(jí)，故將better改為best。答案best1234Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Pahlssonscreamed

loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.(2017·浙江)答案解析解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，so與后面的that構(gòu)成句型so...that...，意為“如此……以至于……”。so修飾副詞loudly。so考向4易混淆形容詞、副詞與特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中的副詞2.ItwasraininglightlywhenIarrivedinYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours

，I’dbeenathomeinHongKong，withitschokingsmog.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析由語(yǔ)境可知，幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前我還在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。before/earlierⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析這句話中含有so...that...(如此……以至于……)結(jié)構(gòu)，故much在此處是多余的。123456782.Afewminuteslate，theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析“一段時(shí)間＋later”表示“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之后”，是固定用法。later123456783.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅰ)Many答案解析解析animals為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以用many修飾；much只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。故將Much改為Many。123456784.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案解析解析此處為so...that...句式，所以much前用副詞so修飾。故刪除very。123456785.Nearlyfiveyearsbefore，andwiththehelpofourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案解析解析相對(duì)于說(shuō)話時(shí)以前用ago；相對(duì)于過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前才用before。故將before改為ago。ago123456786.Asaresult，theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)everywhere答案解析解析somewhere意為“某處”，而句意為“植物到處生長(zhǎng)”，故somewhere應(yīng)改為everywhere。123456787.Theearlymorningbarkinghasbeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.Beside，Cleotendstobarkanaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014·遼寧)答案解析解析此處表示“此外，而且”，應(yīng)用besides。beside在……旁邊。Besides123456788.Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)much解析homework是不可數(shù)名詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞用much不用many。12345678答案解析PART

3熱考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.HespoketomeinEnglishandstartedexplaininghispastlifewhenhewas

(health).2.Itmighthavemadeitalittle

(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround，butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.3.Lostinthetune，hecamesuddenlyupona

(home)beggarlyinginthemidstofthesidewalk.Hereacheddown，touchedthebeggar’scheek，andlefta100-dollarbilltohim.4.Themorewedoforthepeople，the

(happy)we’llbe.5.Thelyricsofthesongsmakerapmusic

(true)unique.查看答案healthyharderhappierhomelesstruly6.Somepoliticianshavebeenquicktodescribetheeventassimple________(violence)action.7.Theywere

(clear)long-standingcustomers，andIsupposetheymusthavestayed

(faith)tohimbecausehehadpromisedtosellfruitofgoodquality.8.Theconclusionsarecontainedintheagency’s

(late)report.9.Theteacherreplied，“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe

(sweet).”10.ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt

(please)，becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.查看答案violentclearlylatestfaithfulsweeterpleasedⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Thatistoomuchforus，consideringhowcloselythehousesare.2.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline，andtrytoremainquietandcalmly.3.Beside，Cleoalsohasagiftforpainting.4.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.5.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.close查看答案calmBesidespreviouslyimmediately6.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.7.Tomakemattersbad，nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister，Maggie.8.Iamawfullytiring，butIknowI’llneverfallasleep.9.Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty，butItriedhardtodoit.10.Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.well/clearly查看答案worsetireddifficultimpatient查看答案Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(形容詞和副詞專練)Idon’tthinkthereismuch1.

(difficult)inlearningEnglishwell，becauseaslongasyoumasterthemethodandworkhard，youcanmakeprogress2.

(rapid).Ibelievethatthe3.

(hard)youworkatyourstudy，thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.Forexample，LiPing，afriendofmine，isthe4.

hard-workingstudentinourclass，andhegets5._______(high)marksthananyotherstudentinourclassineveryEnglishtest.difficultyrapidlyhardermosthigherLedbyhim，allthestudentsinourclassarestudyingEnglishharder6.

before.Asaresult，inthe7.

(late)Englishtest，ourclasswasthe8.

(good)ofthetwoclassestaughtbyourEnglishteacher，andthenumberofstudentswhogotexcellentmarksistwice9.

(large)thanthatoftheother.10.

，allofusshouldstudyhardnomatterwhatwelearn.查看答案thanlatestbetterlargerThereforePART

4綜合演練詞法篇——名詞、形容詞和副詞Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(一)1.Ronhada

(success)careerandworkedforFordbeforeretiringandleadingarelaxedlife.2.ThePalaceMuseumhasa

(collect)of96millionpiecesofancientChineseartworks.3.ItwasabadnightforLouis.Hisresearchintheneighboringtowntook________(long)thanhehadexpected.4.Thatnight，Ifellasleepwithanew

(appreciate)formymotherandhercaringhands.查看答案successfulcollectionappreciationlonger5.Ifwecarryourburdensallthetime，soonerorlater，astheburdenbecomes

(increasing)heavy，wewon’tbeabletocarryon.6.Hedidn’tputthethingswheretheybelonged，forwhichreasonhegothis

(punish).7.Astheycouldn’tplayoutdoors，theywere

(happy)，andsomeevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.8.Theuniversityisveryfamous，sotherearealotof

(applicant)whowanttobeadmittedtoit.9.Myauntadvisedsendingmetothehospital，andthetreatmentsheprovidedgavemyparents

(value)timetotakemetothehospital.查看答案increasinglypunishmentapplicantsunhappyvaluable10.Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheuseful

(express)inhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.11.Wecanstartthehabitbywritinglearningsummariesandremembertorecordsomething

(impress)andmeaningful.12.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience，

(especial)ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.13.MuchsimplerasChinesegrammaris，Chinesehasatoneandwritingsystemthatismoredifficultfor

(learn)tomaster.查看答案expressionsimpressivelearnersespecially14.LittleTommyisreallyhardtodealwith.Youcan’tfinda

(noisy)boyintheclass.15.Whenyouarefacedwithchallenges，youshouldbelievethat___________(confident)iswhatmakesadifference.查看答案noisierconfidence(二)16.Ofallthecitiesintheworld，oneofthetopsix

(healthy)citiesisCopenhagen，Denmark.17.Atthepressconference，agovernmentspokesmanexpressedhisgreatconcernforthe

(safe)ofthethreetrappedworkers.18.MyapplicationwassuccessfulandIspenta(n)

(enjoy)monthlearningfilm-making.19.I’msureitisofgreatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishforthe_____________(improve)ofwritingabilities.查看答案healthiestsafetyimprovementenjoyable20.

(surprising)，whenIgothome，Ifoundawet$20billstucktotheground.21.In1971，afternearlytwohundred

(failure)，Tu’steamfoundanextractthatwas100%effectiveagainstthemalariaparasites—artemisinin.22.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea

(good)oneisputforward，we’llmakedowithit.23.Youmayfindtoyour

(amaze)thatthereismorekindnessinyourcommunitythanyoueverbelievedpossible.查看答案Surprisinglyfailuresamazementbetter24.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandcouldevenmakehumans

(small).25.WhenthedognamedJudyspottedthefirstsheepinherlife，shedidwhatcomes

(natural).查看答案smallernaturallyⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)(一)1.OnedayinSeniorGrade1，IhappenedtoseeanEnglishmovienamedSpeed.ItwassointerestedthatIwatcheditagainandagain.2.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.3.WhenMrTangslowlywentintotheclassroom，erestingstepsclearly查看答案4.Afterafewmonths，weallfeltthatwehadbeenabletobuildmuchstrongrelationshipswiththefamilythanwehadbefore.5.Afterall，onlybyworkinghardlycanonesucceed.6.WithoutMotherandFather’slove，Iwouldn’tbeleadingsuchahappilylifenow.7.Manyyoungboysandgirlshavethehabitofsmoking，thoughtheyaremiddleschoolstudent.strongerhardhappystudents查看答案8.AlittlechildisgreatfunandIliketoplaywithhimorhercheerful.9.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.10.Mymindlesswordsmusthavehurthimdeep.11.Therearesomuchtomatoesthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.12.Isawanoldladycryingsadbecauseshehadlostherticketandwasnotabletoaffordanotherone.13.Ihavefoundyourtipsonteachingsousefully.cheerfullyenergeticdeeplymany查看答案sadlyuseful14.Also，activityarearrangedforyoutospendweekendstogetherwithyourhostfamily，soyoucanlearnAmericanEnglishinauthenticsituations.15.Youcanneverbetoocarelesswhencrossingthestreet.activitiescareful查看答案(二)16.I’dliketogiveyousomeadvicesonhowtolearnChinesewell.17.Ihavefoundthatsomeofmyclassmatesstudydeeplyintothenight.18.IalsoreadnewsandwatchvideosontheInternetandfromothersource.19.IhavealotoffunespecialwhenlearningEnglishwithcartoonmovies.20.Myfatherdidn’trealizetheseriousofdrivingacarafterdrinking.advicedeepsourcesespecially查看答案seriousness21.Ifyouonlylearngrammarrulesbyheartanddon’tdoenoughexercise，it’scertainthatyoucan’tunderstandthelang