中考英語主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)復習課件

被動語態(tài)學習目標1.掌握被動語態(tài)的用法2.掌握如何將主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)英語的兩大語態(tài)：

主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)A.主動語態(tài)中主語是謂語動詞的發(fā)出者。賓語是謂語動詞的對象。B.被動語態(tài)中主語是謂語動詞的承受者(動作的對象)。被動語態(tài)的謂語構成:助動詞be＋動詞過去分詞時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+過去分詞2一般過去時didwas/were+過去分詞3一般將來時will/begoingto+動詞原形will/begoingto+be+過去分詞4過去將來時would+動詞原形would+be+過去分詞5現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞am/is/are+being+過去分詞6過去進行時was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞was/were+being+過去分詞7現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+過去分詞have/has+been+過去分詞8過去完成時had+過去分詞had+been+過去分詞9含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞什么時候要用被動語態(tài)呢？在下列三種情況之一要用被動語態(tài)：①不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，用被動語態(tài)。②沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，用被動語態(tài)。③需要強調(diào)動作的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結構的轉換：Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Ourclassroomiscleaned主語謂語賓語byuseveryday結構：主動語態(tài)：主語＋謂語＋賓語

被動語態(tài)：主語be+過去分詞by+賓語即:、主變賓、賓變主,謂語動詞變被動。”(注:主變賓即主語變?yōu)榻樵~by賓語)[注意]①把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時，句子的時態(tài)不能變。且be動詞和新主語保持一致。如上例，所給的主動句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，改為被動語態(tài)時，也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。②如果主動句中的主語是人稱代詞，改為被動句時作介詞by的賓語，要用賓格。如上例中的主語we改為us。歸納總結方法

把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按“、、”來進行。即：①變－－－把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把主動語態(tài)的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞by的賓語。②套－－－根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應時態(tài)。③注意－－注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。例：①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一變二套三注意各種時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)謂語結構對照表時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+過去分詞2一般過去時didwas/were+過去分詞3一般將來時will/begoingto+動詞原形will/begoingto+be+過去分詞4過去將來時would+動詞原形would+be+過去分詞5現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞am/is/are+being+過去分詞6過去進行時was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞was/were+being+過去分詞7現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+過去分詞have/has+been+過去分詞8過去完成時had+過去分詞had+been+過去分詞9含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞在被動語態(tài)中要注意的問題

一些使役動詞(let,have,make等)或感官動詞(see,hearwatch,notice等)在主動語態(tài)中后面接的動詞不定式不帶to，但改為被動語態(tài)時，要補上to。如：Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.Theworkersaremadetowork18hoursadaybytheboss.Isawhimenterthehouse.Hewasseentoenterthehousebyme.Theteacherletthemleavetheclassroomafterclass.Theywerelettoleavetheclassroombytheteacherafterclass.Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday.Sheisheardtosingintheroomeveryday.[注意]當使用see/hear/watchsbdoingsth時，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，

doing保持不變。如：

Isawhimgoingintotheshop.(主動)Hewasseengoingintotheshop.(被動)使役動詞和感觀動詞主被動語態(tài)對照表主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)使役動詞makesbdosthsbbemadetodosthhavesbdosthsbbehadtodosthletsbdosthsbbelettodosth感觀動詞seesbdosthsbbeseentodosthwatchsbdosthsbbewatchedtodosthhearsbdosthsbbeheardtodosthnoticesbdosthsbbenoticedtodosthgo

把下列主動句改為被動句①Lilywritesmanyletterseveryday.(主動)

②Theyvisitedthisfarmlastyear.（主動）

③Wehavelearned3000Englishwordssofar.（主動）

→ManylettersarewrittenbyLilyeveryday.→Thisfarmwasvisitedbythemlastyear.→3000Englishwordshavebeenlearnedbyussofar.把下列主動句改為被動句1.Theboycleanedthedeskamomentago.Thedeskwascleanedbytheboyamomentago.2.Wewillplant2000treesnextyear.2000treeswillbeplantedbyusnextyear.3.Youmustkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.Theroommustbekeptcleanandtidybyyou.4.Thepolicehavecaughtthethief.Thethiefhasbeencaughtbythepolice.5.Thefarmersarecuttingdownthetreesonthehill.Thetreesonthehillarebeingcutdownbythefarmers.1.ShewaterstheflowerseverydayTheflowerseveryday.arewateredbyher3.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool.Theirhomeworkisdonebythemafterschool.2.I

bought

acomputerlastterm．Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.4.Ourstudentsmustn’tsmokecigarettes.Cigarettesmustn’tbesmokedbyourstudents.5.ChinesepeoplebuilttheGreatWallmanyyearsago.TheGreatWallwasbuiltbyChinesepeoplemanyyearsago.FillintheblankswiththePassiveVoice.

1、Tea_______(grow)inFujian.

2、Chinese__________(speak)in