2017考研英語基礎(chǔ)班講義

考研英語基礎(chǔ)班講義基礎(chǔ)詞匯主編：Ada司內(nèi)部講義翻版必究考研英語基礎(chǔ)詞匯內(nèi)部講義本次課程基本情況介紹：授課時(shí)間：2、授課目標(biāo)：1）掌握考研真題中?？几哳l詞匯和短語2）熟悉基礎(chǔ)階段詞匯備考方向3、授課特點(diǎn)：1）直擊重點(diǎn)，把握核心詞匯考點(diǎn)，提高綜合應(yīng)試能力。2）筆記較多，互動(dòng)性強(qiáng)。4、授課思路：以真題為中心進(jìn)行核心詞匯全面透徹剖析第一章：?jiǎn)卧~記憶方法“三分”原則分頻一：認(rèn)知詞匯“三分”原則分頻二：高頻詞匯“三分”原則“三分”原則分題一：寫作詞匯“三分”原則分題二：閱讀詞匯“三分”原則“三分”原則閱讀詞匯分類★一：專業(yè)詞匯“三分”原則閱讀詞匯分類★二：熟詞生義“三分”原則閱讀詞匯分類★三：固定搭配“三分”原則閱讀詞匯分類★四：構(gòu)詞方法一．熟詞生義1）80%可猜測(cè)例1.womenareparticularlylikelytodevelopdepressionandanxietydisorderinresponsetostresscomparedtomen.例2.LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.例3.TheSupremeCourt'sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.2)20%特殊含義例1.Idigyoursister.Yougotabeefwithme?Youcannotpickonemejustbecauseigotaprettyface.例2.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.譯文：義憤填膺似乎并非只是人類所特有的。例3:Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.例4.“There’snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis.”Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase;whenyougetE-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.Theexpression“tipservice”(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.[A]advisory.[B]compensation.[C]interaction.[D]reminder.例5.AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescapetogotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Laterhermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother:“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.24.Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck”(line6.para.5)showsthat____.A.Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.B.Alvarez'ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.C.Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.D.Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.二．構(gòu)詞猜詞法例1.Contemporary/contemptuous/contemptible/contemplativePresident/preside/resident/reside/residence/subsidyPerish/persevere/perplex/perceive例2.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.”TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois____.[A]influential[B]modest[C]respectable[D]talented例3.Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_____.A.identifying

B.associating

C.assimilating

D.monopolizing總結(jié)寫作詞匯寫作技巧Obvious——Good——Bad——Advantage——Disadvantage——遣詞造句：somefolksarguethat....hassomemerits,whichcanbelistedasfollows.Initially,...additionally,...accordingly,...Itisapparentthatthecartoonistendeavorstoputaspotlighton______,whichisoneofthemostessentialqualitiesintheMiddleKingdom.常見猜詞方法重述猜詞法例1.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.例2.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.例3.Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicalandsocialuseofsubstances(drugs)ispervasive:anaspirintoquietaheadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthemorning,acigaretteforthenerves.20.Theword“pervasive”(line1,paragraph2)mightmean

［A］widespread［B］overwhelming［C］piercing［D］fashionable例4.Inthisintenselyandfiercelycompetitivesociety,collaborationisonnoaccountanoptionbutamustifheorshehasanurgetoattainsuccess.Statedinanotherway,onewillaccomplishnothingifheorshelacksthisquality.2.邏輯猜詞法（連接詞猜詞法）例1.Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal例2.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.29.Thesentence“Thisisnoflashinthepan”(line5,paragraph3)meansthat

.［A］thelowinflationratewilllastforsometime［B］theinflationratewillsoonrise［C］theinflationwilldisappearquickly［D］thereisnoinflationatpresent例3.Likeotherhumanbeings,heencountersmoralissuesevenintheeverydayperformanceofhisroutineduties–heisnotsupposedtocookhisexperiments,manufactureevidence,ordoctorhisreports.例4.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only例5.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,20adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.20.[A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]supposing例6.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen.___3___amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan___4___ofgoodhealth.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore3.實(shí)詞/虛詞猜詞法例1.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunities

foraspiringleaderswillabound.例2.Americansmachine-toolindustrywasontherope.例3.cloudsmaycome,butcloudsmustgo,andtheyallhaveasilverlining.Forbehindeachcloud,thesun,ormoonisshining.例4.Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,filingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.31.By“EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans_____.[A]Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.[B]Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.[C]Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

[D]Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.通過感情色彩猜詞例1.“Benefits”havebeenweighed20“harmful”outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.［A］above［B］upon［C］against［D］with例2.MichelleObamahaslaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign_______childhoodobesityevenadmittingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.［A］for［B］against［C］with［D］without例3.hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas____45____themtouniqueevolutionarypressurethathaveresultedinthis_______stateofaffairs.A.limitedB.subjectedC.convertedD.directed五．近義辨析近形辨析區(qū)分義項(xiàng)近義辨析:名詞：例1.By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadbecomeindependentnations.Theroughly20million____ofthesenationslookedhopefullytothefuture

[A]natives[B]inhabitants[C]peoples[D]individuals.

例2.Whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda____thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight…

[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house例3.Thespeakerwhodoesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe9toexplainordescribeina10thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.10.[A]case[B]means[C]method[D]way例4.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend11tothebrain.11.[A]signs[B]stimuli[C]messages[D]impulses動(dòng)詞：例148enoughvitaminsisessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritionalusefor49vitamins.48.(A)Supplying(B)Getting(C)Providing(D)Furnishing例2.Toooften,carelessuseofwords3ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.Thewordsusedbythespeakermay4unfavorablereactionsinthelistener5interferewithhiscomprehension;hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.3.[A]encourages [B]prevents [C]destroy [D]offers例3.Whenworking

on

radio,forexample,theyhadbecome2toseeing

on

behalfof

thelistener.

[A]experienced[B]determined[C]established[D]accustomed例4.Changesinthesocialstructuremaydirectly___juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneralmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.(2004)A.affectB.reduceC.checkD.reflect形容詞：例1.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide（30）opportunitiesforleadership.30.

[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple例2.Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit14tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan15newreceptorsifnecessary.14.[A]ineffective[B]incompetent[C]inefficient[D]insufficient15.[A]introduce[B]summon[C]trigger[D]create近形辨析例1.Economic/economical;economy;economizecontemptuous；contemptible;contemplative;contemporaryIntellect;intellectual;intelligence;intelligent;例2.Inasignificant2oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea3billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses44.[A]illogical [B]illegal [C]improbable [D]improper例3.Amanrespires,aspires,perspires,inspires,andfinallyexpires.核心詞根，詞綴時(shí)間前綴之前：fore-/pre-/ex-/pro-Fore-1）foremost最前面的，最重要的，一流的2）foresee預(yù)見3）forefather先父Pre-/pri-predict預(yù)言，預(yù)告，預(yù)測(cè)precede先于，優(yōu)于6）preface前言，開端7)premium保險(xiǎn)；獎(jiǎng)金8）prehistoric史前的9）preschool學(xué)齡前的，幼兒園10）prime最初，最好的，一流的11）primitive原始的12）privilege給予特權(quán)13）prior優(yōu)先的，在前的14）priority優(yōu)先權(quán)Pro-professor教授Confess：坦誠，坦白；懺悔Frank:坦白的；坦率的prospect前景17）propel推進(jìn)；驅(qū)使2.之后：post1）postmodern2）postwar同時(shí)：co-/com-/con-/cor-/col-/cor-Co-1）cooperate合作2）coordinate協(xié)調(diào)，調(diào)整Col-4）colleague同事，同僚5）collaborate合作，通敵6）collocation排列；搭配6）concur同時(shí)發(fā)生Com-7)combine結(jié)合8）compact合同；協(xié)定9）compensate賠償compel迫使compassion同情；憐憫Passion:激情Cor-correspondent通訊員；記者媒體類常用術(shù)語：Con-contact碰；接觸；聯(lián)系contract合同；契約conflict沖突16）confess坦白；懺悔17）condemn譴責(zé)18）confine局限；限制19）contaminate污染；20）contemplate沉思；凝視再次：re-1）reconstruct重建，改造2）redefine重新定義3）remold改造，重塑reevaluate再評(píng)估5）recycle再循環(huán)6）reclassify重新分類名詞后綴表示“人或職業(yè)者”意義的名詞后綴：-ist/-er/-or/-ee/-eer/-ant/-an/-ian/-ent/-ist1）Typist2）psychologist3）linguist4）geneticist5）therapist6）activist積極行動(dòng)者；活躍分子Activity：積極性；活躍度；行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)7）nationalist-er/-or8）drawer9）bachelor10）carrier11）conductor12）ancestor-eer13）sightseer14）volunteer15）pioneer-ee16）employee17）refugee18）examinee19）trainee20）payee-ant21）immigrant22）descendant23）consultant24）applicant25）assistant-an26）Italian27）politician28）librarian29）physician30）historianIndianCivilian-ent31）correspondent32）client33）president34）agent2.抽象名詞：-hood身份，性質(zhì)，時(shí)代/-ship狀態(tài)；性質(zhì)/-dom/-ance/-ence性質(zhì)；狀態(tài)/-tion/-sion/-cion動(dòng)作；狀態(tài)/-sim主義/-ment/-ness/-ery/-age狀態(tài)；集合；/-al/-ing/-ity/-ics/-ty-hood1）Livelihood生活；生計(jì)；營生2）neighbourhood居住區(qū)；周邊地區(qū)；接近3)likelihood可能；可能性4）adulthood成年；成年期-ship5）Scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；學(xué)術(shù)；學(xué)識(shí)6）ownership所有權(quán)；所有制；物主身份7）hardship困苦；苦難8）leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；帶路；指引；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力-dom9）freedom自由10）kingdom界；領(lǐng)域；王國-ance/-ence11)Allowance允許；津貼；補(bǔ)貼12)performance表現(xiàn)；表演13)appliance器具；機(jī)械；家用電器14)insurance保險(xiǎn)-cion/-tion/-sion15)Consumption消費(fèi)；肺病；耗盡16)depression洼地；盆地；抑郁；抑郁癥；不景氣；低氣壓17)invasion入侵；侵略；侵犯；侵襲18)assimilation同化；19)modernization現(xiàn)代化21)notification通知；通告；告示22)desperation絕望；孤注一擲-ism22)Consumerism消費(fèi)主義；23)racism種族主義24)journalism新聞業(yè)25)optimism樂觀；樂觀主義26)feminism女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)；女權(quán)主義；-ment27)requirement要求28)payment報(bào)答；報(bào)應(yīng)；付款29)treatment治療；療法；處理；對(duì)待30)argument爭(zhēng)吵；論證；論據(jù)31)appointment約會(huì)；任命；職務(wù)-ness32)consciousness意識(shí)33)casualness隨便34)illness疾病-cy35)efficiency效率36)emergency緊急情況；突發(fā)事件；非常時(shí)刻37)tendency趨勢(shì)；傾向；癖好38)literacy讀寫能力；精通文學(xué)-age39)luggage行李；皮箱40)storage存儲(chǔ)；倉庫；貯藏所41)lineage血統(tǒng)；42)passage段落；經(jīng)過；通路43)shortage缺乏；缺少；不足44)shrinkage收縮；減輕45)usage使用；用法；慣例-al46)professional專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的；專業(yè)人員47)individual個(gè)人的；個(gè)體的；個(gè)人；個(gè)體48)approval批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可；贊成49)arrival到來；到達(dá)；降臨50)removal移除；移動(dòng)；搬遷；免職-ity51)similarity相似性52)personality個(gè)性；品質(zhì)；名人53)uniformity一致；同樣；均勻性54)curiosity好奇；珍品；古董；古玩-ics55)ethics倫理學(xué)；道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)56)economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)；國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況；57)electronics電子學(xué)58)mechanics機(jī)械學(xué)；力學(xué)專業(yè)前綴1.生命，生物：bio-1）biology生物學(xué)2）biological生物學(xué)的3）biologist生物學(xué)家4）biotic生物的5）biomass生物數(shù)量6）biomedical生物醫(yī)學(xué)的7）bioethics生物倫理學(xué)8）biography傳記9）biographical傳記的10）biographer傳記作者人：anthro-/demo-1）anthropology人類學(xué)2）democracy民主3）democratic民主的4）democratizing民主化的5）demographics人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)自己，自動(dòng)：self-/auto-1）self-confident自信的2）self-restrained自我克制的3）automatic自動(dòng)的，機(jī)械的4）automobile汽車5）autonomous自治的6）auto-pilot自動(dòng)駕駛基因，天生1）gene基因2）genetics遺傳學(xué)3）genius天賦，天才4）gender性別神經(jīng)：neuro-1）neurology神經(jīng)學(xué)2）neurologist神經(jīng)學(xué)者，神經(jīng)科專精神、心理：ment-/psych- 1）mental精神的，心理的2）psychology心理學(xué)3）psychological心理的4）psychologist心理學(xué)家5）psychiatry精神病學(xué)生態(tài)、環(huán)境：eco-1）ecology生態(tài)學(xué)2）eco-system生態(tài)系統(tǒng)8.地球：geo-1）geology地質(zhì)學(xué)2）geography地理學(xué)3）geometry幾何學(xué)4）geophysics地球物理學(xué)社會(huì)：soci-1）society社會(huì)，社團(tuán)2）social社會(huì)的3）sociology社會(huì)學(xué)4）econometric計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的5）socioeconomic社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)：econo-1）economy經(jīng)濟(jì)2）economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的3）economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)4）econometric計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的5）socioeconomic社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的11.遠(yuǎn)：tele-1）television電視2）telephone電話3）telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡4）telegraph電報(bào)5）telecommunications長(zhǎng)途通訊，電信，6）teleconference遠(yuǎn)程會(huì)議態(tài)度前綴反對(duì)：anti-/counter-/contra-/para-/op-Anti:1）anti-smoking反對(duì)吸煙的2）anti-patent反專利3）anti-consumerism反消費(fèi)主義4）anti-intellectualism反唯智論5）antibacterial抗菌的Counter:6）counter-culture反傳統(tǒng)文化7）counterpart對(duì)立的人或物8）counteract抵消，中和，阻礙9）counterbalance平衡力Contra-10）contrary相反的11）contrast對(duì)比，對(duì)照，差異12）contradict反駁，同...相矛盾13）controversial有爭(zhēng)議的op-14)Opponent15)Optimistic16)optimism17)opposePara-18)Parade19)paralyze20)parallel21)paradise2.支持：pro-22）Pro-slavery23）pro-American否負(fù)前綴1.In-/im-/ill-/ir-In-1）inequality不平等2）incompetent不合格的，不勝任的3）inconclusive非決定的，尚無定論的4）insensitive不敏感的im-5)immense無限的6)impair削弱ill-7）impoverished窮困的8）illogical不合邏輯的9）illiquid非流動(dòng)資金的Ir-10）irregular不規(guī)則的，無規(guī)律的11）irrelevant不相關(guān)的，不切題的2.un-1）uncover揭開；揭露2）unanswered未被回答的3）unexpected想不到的，意外的4）unemployment失業(yè)5）unparalleled無比的，空前的6）unsurpassed未被超越的，非常卓越的7）unprecedented空前的8）unsustainable不可持續(xù)性的9）unfavorable令人不快的，不順10)undo取消；解開；松開11）unveil揭開面紗；揭露3.non-1）nonstop不停的2）nonsense胡說，廢話3）nonverbal不用語言的4）non-standard不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的5）non-celebrity非名人6）non-economic沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的4.否定：dis-1）disappear消失2）disbelief懷疑3）disorder雜亂，混亂，無秩序狀態(tài)4）disclose揭示；泄露5）discount打折6）disclaim放棄，棄權(quán)，拒絕7）disintegrate使分解，使碎裂8）disadvantage不利，缺點(diǎn)，劣勢(shì)9）discouraging令人氣餒的10）dispassioned冷靜的11）discard丟棄；拋棄12）dispose放置；處理5.不好：de-1）degenerate衰退；墮落2）deficiency缺乏，不足3）detrimental有害的4）delinquency不良行為5）devastating毀壞性的6）destruction毀壞；毀滅7）deduce推論；演繹出8）decode解碼6.不好：ill-/mal-1）ill-treat虐待，不公正對(duì)待2）ill-manage管理不善3）ill-mannered態(tài)度惡劣的，粗野的4）ill-informed消息不靈通的錯(cuò)誤：mis-1）misuse錯(cuò)用，誤用，濫用2）mistrust不信任，猜疑3）misunderstand誤解4）misguide誤導(dǎo)5）misleading誤導(dǎo)的6）misdeed罪行，犯罪7）misinformation誤報(bào)，誤傳8）misconception誤解9）misinterpret誤譯，曲解10）misfortune不幸，災(zāi)禍8.假的：pseudo-/hypo-1）pseudo-science偽科學(xué)2）hypothesis假設(shè)3）hypocrisy偽善4）hypocritical偽善的9.繼：step-1）step-mother繼母2）step-father繼父方程前綴里面：in-/im-外面：ex-/e-1）import進(jìn)口export出口Extreme極端的；盡頭的include包含exclude排除在外involve卷入，涉及evolve進(jìn)化immigrant移民emigrant移民intranet內(nèi)聯(lián)網(wǎng)6）extraordinary不尋常的，非凡的，特別的7）elaborate精心的；詳盡的vt：精心制作；詳細(xì)闡述8）eliminate取消9）enormous巨大的10）emerge浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)11）exceed超出；超過12）expand膨脹；擴(kuò)張13）expense花費(fèi)；消費(fèi)；消耗2.旁邊：side-/by-/vice-1）sideeffect副作用2）Sideline：副業(yè)；兼職3）by-product副產(chǎn)品4）bypass旁道；支路5）vice-president副總統(tǒng)上：up-1）upside上面，好的一面2）uphold支持，贊成3）upload上傳4）upscale升檔，高檔的4.上：over-1）over-confident過于自信的2）overfished過度捕撈的3）overburndened負(fù)擔(dān)過重的4）overcharge要價(jià)過高5）overestimate過高評(píng)估6）overflow溢出；外溢7）overhear俯瞰；疏忽v無意中聽到；偷聽8）overwhelming勢(shì)不可擋的；壓倒性的5.上：super-1）superb極好的，卓越的，杰出的2）superior較好的，優(yōu)于的3）superstar超級(jí)明星，巨星4）superficial表面的，膚淺的5）superstition迷信6）superfluous多余的；過多的7）supreme至高的；6.上：out-1）outlive比...活的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)2）outweigh在重量上超過，比...重要3）outsize特大的4）outdate過時(shí)7.上：sur-1）surplus盈余；過剩；多余2）surname姓3）survey俯瞰；全面審視；調(diào)查4）surface膚淺的；表面的5)surpass超過；勝過8.下：down-1）downside下面的，不利方面2）download下載3）downscale縮減規(guī)模9.下：de-1）despair絕望2）depression沮喪，抑郁癥，經(jīng)濟(jì)下：under-1）underestimate過低估計(jì)2）under-nutrition營養(yǎng)不良3）undertreatment治療不充分11.下：sub-1）subtitle副標(biāo)題2）suburban郊區(qū)的3）subconscious下意識(shí)的4）submerge淹沒5）subordinate次要的；從屬的；下級(jí)的6）substantial堅(jiān)固的；實(shí)質(zhì)的；大量的12.中間：mid-/med-/mod-1)middle-class中產(chǎn)階級(jí)2）media媒體3）medieval中世紀(jì)的；老式的4）model模型動(dòng)詞后綴使之...：-en/-ify/-ize/-ateawaken喚醒broaden擴(kuò)大；放寬-ifyjustify證明...是正當(dāng)?shù)腅xemplify例證Simplify簡(jiǎn)化；使單純Signify暗示；意味；表示Testify作證；證明；表明；說明Identify識(shí)別；鑒別Qualify使具有資格；證明合格Modify更改；修改-atededicate奉獻(xiàn)；獻(xiàn)身；Differentiate區(qū)別；區(qū)分；辨別Humiliate羞辱；使......丟臉；恥辱13）assimilate同化Ize-popularize普及15）visualize想象En-/em-16)embarrass尷尬17）embed嵌入18）encounter遇到；遭遇19）endure忍耐力20）enlighten啟發(fā)；啟蒙21）endeavor努力；盡力形容詞后綴-ing/-ed1）developing發(fā)展中的2）developed發(fā)達(dá)的3）tiring引起疲勞的，累人的4）tired疲勞的，疲倦的5）underrated被低估的6）emerging新興的2.-ful1）skillful有技巧的，熟練的2）respectful尊敬人的，有禮貌的3.-able1）respectable受人尊敬的2）imaginable可以想象的3）controllable可控制的4）measurable可測(cè)量的4.-less1）tireless不知疲倦的2）meaningless沒有意義的3）hopeless沒有希望的4）effortless不費(fèi)力氣的5）aimless沒有目標(biāo)的5.-like1）childlike像孩子似的2）godlike像上帝一樣的6.-ward1）inward向內(nèi)的2）upward向上的3）forward向前的4）eastward朝向東面的7.-ward1）nationwide全國的2）worldwide全世界的8.-wise1）clockwise順時(shí)針2）iQ-wise智商方面的9.-free1）toll-free免費(fèi)的2）stress-free沒有壓力的3）carefree無憂無慮的Smoke-free加強(qiáng)語氣的前綴A-access進(jìn)入；入口Acclaim歡呼；稱贊Accuse指責(zé)；控告Affirm斷言；肯定Addict沉溺于Aggravate惡化；加重；加強(qiáng)第三章核心詞匯熟詞生義1.smartasmartpersonsmartclothesasmartrobot2.humbleamanofhumbleoriginahumbleattitudeahumbletherapy3.nativenativelanguagenativeforestnativeability/moncommonancestor/language/interestcommonpeople/sense/pastime5.runrunacompanyrunastudycommonrunofmen6.observeIt’sinterestingtoobserveachild’sbehavior.sb.observethat......Everybodyshouldobservethetermsofacontract.7.obligeHewasobligedtogo.Iammuchobligedtoyouforyourgeneroushelp.Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeopleswhospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages.8.agechronological/mentalagecomputer/digital/informationage9.contextthecontextwithinwhichwenowlivetalkabouthabitsinthecontextofcreativityandinnovation10.fortunefortune-tellerfamilyfortunes11.trafficTrafficjamusertrafficofawebsite12.caseacaseofflualegalcaseInanycase,weshouldtryourbest.13.subjectsubjectssuchasanthropology,economicsandecology,etc.Theexperimentinvolved12subjects.subjectAtoB14.fieldtrackandfieldAnthropologyisafield-orienteddiscipline.neurology,geneticsandotherfieldsHeisfieldingtoughquestionsfromthepress.15.figurepublicfiguressuchasTomHanksthefiguresabouttheextinctanimalsareconservativTrytofigureoutwhoyouarefirst.16.accountbank/oaccountaccordingtotheaccountoftheexperimentOptimismisconsideredofmuchaccount.17.broadabroadriver/highwaybroadeducationalprocess18.freeatoll-freetelephonenumberastress-freejobThepresidentfreedtheslavesinSouthernstates.19.mutedeafandmuteEvenbigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamutedeffectonpumpprices.20.liveliveconcert/performance21.developdevelopatheory/idea/habit/ruledevelopadiseasedevelopapaper22.feedHaveyoufedahorse?needthefertilizerstofeedthesoil/neednutritiontofeedthetissueTheinfantschoolwillfeedtheelementaryschool.23.assumeassumesth.tobetruesb.assumethat......Weshouldassumetheresponsibilityoftakingcareoftheolepeople.24.shareshareholderIjustwantmyshareoffood.sharejoysandsorrowsshareanidea/view/munitycommunityservice/religiouscommunityeconomicstrengthofacommunityEuropeancommunityforestcommunityscientificcommunityresearchcommunity26.gamesportsgamesportsgameThelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.27.institutionascientificinstitutionSlaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution.28.stocktradestocks/stockmarket/stockexchangeThefishstockinthisriverhasbeenunderestimated.Publicserviceshavealwaysbeenthelaughingstock.29.checkItistoolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenletout.30.temperMindisseparatefrommatter.Test-takingskillsalsomatters.31.workworkmate/workplace/workforcetheworkoftheresearchersThemedicinedoeswork.32.measuremeasuretheworthofeducationtakemeasurestodosth.Hisfailureinlargemeasurewascausedbylaziness.33.preserveFeelingsofrighteousindignationarenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.34.pieceapieceofpaper/bread/newspiecetogetherthefacts35.reasonwithinreasonpowerofreasoning/courseofreasoningHereasonedthat......36.valuevaluesofindustriousnessandthriftvalueassetsatareasonablepriceHavingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.37.rulerulesandregulations/rulesofconductinbusinessHabitrulestheunreflectingherd.TheCourtruledthatthepain-relievingmedicinecan’tbeprescribedfreely.38.conditioneconomiccondition/livingcondition/underthisconditionTheuprightpostureconditionsthehumanheight.39.crycryfor/againstarallyingcry40.nar