2020年高考英語專題訓(xùn)練系列 1-2 短文改錯(cuò)說明文

1.2短文改錯(cuò)說明文——2020年高考英語專題訓(xùn)練系列假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。（一）DearLucy,IwouldliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayforDoubleNinthFestival.Itwasthedayfortheelderpeopleinourculture.Wewillgoandmakedumplingsandcakewiththeelderlypeoplehere.Wewillalsospendsomefuntimetogetherplaygames,whichwehopewillmaketheyhappy.Weshouldbebackaround4:00ontheafternoon.Ifyouareabletocometowithus,pleaseletusknowsowewillwaitforyouattheschoolgateat9:00inthemorning.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua（二）I'llspendthissummerholidayinthecountryside.Althoughthecityismodernandconvenience,there'restillsomeproblems,suchasairspollution,crowdednessandnoise.InthecountrysideIcanenjoycomfortableandquietlife.There,theairisfreshbutthewaterisclean.Treesaregreenandbirdsissinging.Icangotoboating,fishingandswimminginthelake.What'sworse,Icanclimbthehills.Allthiswillbeinterestingandgoodforyourhealth.Aboveall,Icanlearnmoreaboutnature.SoIwantedtogotothecountrysideforachange.I'mlookingforwardtothecomeofmysummerholiday.（三）Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangrily?Ifyourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwiththemaboutit.Rememberingnottoshoutatthem.Theyusuallywilltrytochange.Buttheywilltakesometimestochangebecausetheyalwaysgetangry,andthatisalltheyknow.Youmighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.Doanynicethingsforyourparentsthattheydon'texpect—likecooking,doingthedishes,washingclothes,orcleanthefloors.Ifthisdoesn'twork,bringinfriendthatyoufeelcomfortablewith,orhavehimorherhelpyou.（四）Oneofmyfavoritehobbiesarebackcountryhiking.However,afterIgohiking,Imakesuretohaveallofthepropernecessities.First,Iworeproperclothingandhikingshoes.ThismayincludetakingwatershoesifIhaveplansforhikingthroughstreamsandriversorareliablejackettokeepwarmly.Next,IgetmyfamilyandfriendstoknowIwillbegoingandwhenIwouldreturn.Inadditiontotheseitem,Itakeplentyofthefoodandwater.Finally,Ialwayspackemergencysuppliesincludealighter.Youneverknowwhenyouwillbeinneedforthesethings.（五）MyhometownisBrightonwhereisn'taverybigtown.It'sinthecoastabout50milesfromLondonandhasapopulationof300,000.Certainlyitisn'tasinterestedasLondon.Sotheairisalotofcleanerbecausethere'slittlepollutionhere.There'refewfactoriesinBrighton,butnotmany.So,itisn'teasytofindajobthere.Myfatherusedtoworkinginafactorywhichshutsdownayearagoandmyfatherlosthisjob.There'remanyhotelsandlanguagesschoolsinthetown.Insummerthetownisfulloftravelers.Myfatherhasdecidedtoopenasmallgiftshop.（六）Deardadandmum,Ihavebeenveryhappyintheschool.Iworkhardlyintheschooleveryday.Afterclass,Iplaywithmyclassmates.Ispendalottimedoingmyhomework.Afterlunch,Iplaytheping-pongwithmyfriends.Then,IspendsometimereadmyEnglishnote.Atsixo'clock,Ihavemyeveningclass.Afterthat,Ihadsomesparetime.Ateighto'clock,Igotobed.Thisisadayintheschool.Mum,youalwaystellus“Happinessisvitalofourlife.”AndIwanttobehappyeveryday.Ifyouarenothappy,callmepleaseorifIamnothappy,Iwillcallyoeither.Yours,Laura（七）Tommyhasalittledog.HernameisGoldier.Sheisprettyandinterested.Tommylovedherverymuch.Theotherday,GoldierwasoutwalkingwithTommy.Shecutherpawonapieceofglasses.Whentheyarrivedathome,Tommy'smotherthoughtthatthecutwasdeeply.HeaskedTommytotakeGoldierthevet.Thevetwasverykind,buthegaveherainjection.Thenhestitchedup（縫合）thecutandputonabandage.Goldierlookssofunnyasshewalksonthreelegs,holdsherpawasifshehasbeentowar!（八）Longagopeopleusedbellsmorethantheydidtoday.Thepostmenwasusedtoringahandbellwhentheydeliveredletters.Fireengineshadbellsinsteadsirens（警笛）.Peoplewhichsoldthingscamepasthouses,rangabellandshoutingwhatwasforsale.Inmanycountry,bellswerehungaroundthenecksofanimals.Thebellshelpedownersfindlostcowsorsheep.Today,atIndia,animalsstillwearbells.Nowbellsareusedlessbecausevariousmodernsound-makershavetakenitsplace.Nowpeopletrytokeeptheoldbellsinschoolsandchurchesbutthattheywon'tlosetheirbeautifullysoundsforever.（九）Mymotherland,China,whichcapitalisBeijing,isagreatcountrywithalonghistoryandrichculture.ItwaslocatedintheeastofAsia,withtheareaof9,600,000squarekilometersandapopulationof1.4billion.Ourcountryconsistsin56nationalities,amongwhichtheHanEthinicGroupisthelargest,makesup94%ofthepeople.TherearemanybeautifulmountainsandriversaswellrichnaturalresourcesinChina.Asweallknow,theYangtzeRiveristhethreelongestriverintheworld,andtheGreatWallisoneofthesevenwonderintheworld.TheChinesepeoplearehard-workingandbrave.GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinainthepast20years.（十）Asthesaygoes,“Readingenrichesyoumind”.Ifwehaveabook,wewon'tfeelalone.WhenI'mfreeortrouble,Ialwaystakeoutabookandreadingquietly.Tome,thebooknamedJourneytotheWeshtasagreatinfluenceinmylife.TheMonkeyKinghadabitterexperiencewhenhelpinghismasterovercameagreatmanydifficultyinordertogetgoodresults.AfterIreadthebook,Iamnotafraidoffailure.WheneverIamfacedwithgreatdifficulties,Iwon'tgiveupeas.Inashort,goodbookscanmakemeknowwhatIdon'tknowbefore.參考答案（一）本文是李華寫給露西的邀請(qǐng)信，邀請(qǐng)她一同前往敬老院陪老人們過重陽節(jié)。在DoubleNinthFestival前加the專有名詞前須加定冠詞the,特指重陽節(jié)（theDoubleNinthFestival）。wasTis客觀陳述規(guī)律性或習(xí)慣性的事情用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。elderTelderly修飾名詞people要用形容詞，elderly意為"上了年紀(jì)的”，符合文意；而elder意為"年紀(jì)較大的”，不符合文意；下文也由相同的表達(dá)。cakeTcakes因cake是可數(shù)名詞，要與dumplings并列，故要用復(fù)數(shù)。hereTthere根據(jù)上下文語境，此處應(yīng)該是指“敬老院那兒”，而不是"這兒”。playTplaying由固定結(jié)構(gòu)spendtime（in）doingsth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”可知。theyTthem作賓語要用賓格。onTin表“在下午/上午”用intheafternoon/morning；而表“具體的某天上/下午”用介詞on。去掉come后的to此處come后并無賓語，故不需要介詞to。soTand表“順承”關(guān)系用并列連詞and。（二）本文作者告訴我們他想去鄉(xiāng)村度假以及原因。convenienceTconvenient作表語要用形容詞形式。airsTair因air是不可數(shù)名詞。在enjoy后加a由固定結(jié)構(gòu)enjoy/live/leada.」ife意為“享受/過著......的生活”可知。butTand表“順承”關(guān)系用并列連詞and。isTare因主語birds是復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。去掉go后的to由固定搭配goboating意為“（去）劃船”可知。worseTmore根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處理應(yīng)表“此外”，故要用what'more。（注意：what'sworse意為"更糟糕的是”）yourTmy根據(jù)上下文語境可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是對(duì)"作者的”健康有利，應(yīng)用第一人稱物主代詞my。wantedTwant因全文主體時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10.comeTcoming固定短語lookforwardto的to為介詞，其后要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。（三）本文講的是父母生氣的時(shí)候，你該怎么辦？angrily—angry作表語要用形容詞形式。got—get因本文的主體時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。RememberingTRemember祈使句要用動(dòng)詞原形開頭。theyTit因it在此作形式主語，后面的不定式才是真正的主語。timesTtime因time作"時(shí)間”理解時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。去掉change后的for因change是及物動(dòng)詞，其后可直接接賓語。anyTsome肯定句中用some，意為"一些”。cleanTcleaning和前面的doing,washing并列。在bringin后加a因friend是可數(shù)名詞，此處意為"一個(gè)朋友"，表泛指。orTand表“順承”關(guān)系用并列連詞and。（四）本文講的是作者徒步旅行前要做的準(zhǔn)備。are—is因主語是one,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。after—before根據(jù)上下文意可知是“在我去徒步旅行前”。wore—wear全文的主體時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表“習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作”常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。warmly—warm作系動(dòng)詞keep的表語，用形容詞。在toknow后加where引導(dǎo)賓語從句。句意：讓家人和朋友知道我去哪里。would—will根據(jù)上下文語境和前面的Iwillbegoing可知此處是指“我將什么時(shí)候回來”，故用一般將來時(shí)。item—items由前面的these可知要用復(fù)數(shù)。去掉plentyof后的the此處并沒有表特指，無需定冠詞。include—including因including是介詞，介詞并無形式變化。forTof由固定短語inneedof意為“需要......”可知。（五）本文作者介紹了自己的家鄉(xiāng)——Brighton。where—which引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語。in—on由固定短語onthecoast意為“在海岸線上"可知。interested—interesting主語是it,故用interestingoSo—But根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系可知此處顯然存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用But。去掉alot后的of此處并不是表“很多”，而alot放在比較級(jí)前表“得多”的意思，故去掉of。在few前加a根據(jù)后面的butnotmany可知此處應(yīng)該是指“有一些”，而不是“few（幾乎沒有）”，故在few前加a。there—here作者是介紹自己的家鄉(xiāng)，要用here才符合邏輯。working—work由固定詞組usedtodo...意為“過去曾經(jīng)"可知。shuts—shut由后面的ayearago可知要用過去式。languagesTlanguage通常名詞作定語不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（六）Laura給自己的父母寫信，談到在學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)和生活的情況。hardlyThard根據(jù)語境可知，此處理應(yīng)是指“努力學(xué)習(xí)”，hard本身就是副詞，意為“努力地”，而hardly意為“幾乎不”，顯然不符合上下文邏輯。在alot后加of由固定短語alotof意為“很多”可知。去掉Pingpong前的the在表示"打球”時(shí)，在球類前不加任何冠詞。readTreading由固定結(jié)構(gòu)spendtime（in）doingsth.意為"花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”可知。noteTnotes因note是可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，意為"筆記”。hadThave因此處講的是"規(guī)律性的動(dòng)作”，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。usTme根據(jù)上下文邏輯可知，此處應(yīng)該是指“你經(jīng)常告訴我"，故用me。ofTin因表"在生活當(dāng)中”常用介詞in。AndTSo根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處顯然存在因果關(guān)系，故用So。eitherTtoo在肯定句中用too,表“我也......”。（七）本文介紹了Tommy的一只可愛的小狗（Goldier）。interested—interesting形容小狗（是物）有趣，用interestingoloved—loves主語是Tommy,謂語要用第三人稱單數(shù)。glasses—glass因glass作“玻璃”理解時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。去掉arrived后的at此處home是副詞，arrived后面不加at。deeply—deep作表語要用形容詞。He—She此處指Tommy'smother，故要用she。在thevet前加to由固定搭配take...to意為“把帶去"可知。but—and表“順承”關(guān)系用并列連詞and。a—an句中injection以元音音素開頭，前面的不定冠詞要用an。holds—holding分析句子成分可知，此處hold是非謂語，與邏輯主語Goldier存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞，作伴隨狀語。（八）本文介紹了鈴在生活中的使用。did—do由后面的today可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。去掉usedto前的was由固定短語usedtodo意為“過去常常"可知。在instead后加of由固定固定短語insteadof意為“而不是"可知。which—who先行詞是people（指人），故要用關(guān)系代詞who。rang—ringing分析句子成分可知，此處ring作非謂語，且與邏輯主語People存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞，與后面的shout