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初中英語學問點匯總初一年級〔上〕【學問梳理】 12.Ithink…重點短語 13.Who’sthis?Thisis….Sitdown 14.Whatcanyousee?Icansee….onduty 15.Thereis(are)….inEnglish 16. What colour is it (are they)? It’shaveaseat (They’re)…athome 17.Whose…isthis?It’s….looklike 18.Whattimeisit?It’s….lookathavealook III.交際用語comeonatwork 1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….atschool 2.Hello!Hi!puton 3.Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.lookafter 4.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou/thanks.getup Andyou?goshopping 5.Seeyou.Seeyoulater.6.Thankyou!You’rewelcome.重要句型 7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What’syourname?Mynameis….helpsb.dosth. 9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please.Whatabout…? 10.Who’sondutytoday?Let’sdosth. 11.Let’sdo.It’stimetodosth. 12.Letmesee.It’stimefor…What’s…?Itis…/It’s… IV.重要語法Whereis…?It’s…. 1.動詞be的用法;Howoldareyou?I’m…. 2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;Whatclassareyouin? 3.名詞的單復數(shù)和全部格的用法;I’min…. 4.冠詞的根本用法;…. 5.Therebe句型的用法。What’s…plus…?It’s….【名師講解】1.in/on在表示空間位置時,in表示在某個空間的范圍以內,on表示在某一個物體的外表之上。例如:Thereisabirdinthetree.樹上有只鳥。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。this/that/these/thosethis經(jīng)常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的人和事,these是this的復數(shù)形式。that經(jīng)常用來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事,those時that的復數(shù)形式。例如:YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請把這些書拿到他房間去。Thisismine;that’syours.這個是我的,那個是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.這些是蘋果,那些是橘子。在打的用語中,this經(jīng)常指的是我,that經(jīng)常指的是對方。例如:ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰?Therebe/haveTherebe“有“,其準確含意為“某處或某時存在某人或某物?!捌錁嬙焓牵篢herebe+某人或某物+Therebe后面的名詞實際上是主語,be動詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持全都,be動詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不行數(shù)名詞時用is,名詞是復數(shù)時用are。例如:(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。Thereisadollinthebox.那個盒子里有個娃娃。Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹上有很多蘋果??傊?,Therebe構造強調的是一種客觀存在的“有“。have表示“擁有,占有,具有“,即:某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞,與主語是所屬關系。例如:Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個兄弟,一個姐姐。Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四個房間。look/see/watchlook表示“看、瞧到,以提示對方留意Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧!孩子們在玩電腦玩耍。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看!那邊那個是什么?單獨使用是不及物動詞,如強調看某人/物,其后接介詞at,才能帶賓語,如:He’slookingatme。他正在看著我。seelooksee后面能直接跟賓語。如:Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么?Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板!你看到了什么?(3)watc強調過程,常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如:YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.puton//in

天我們從電視上看了一場足球競賽。puton意為“穿上,戴上,后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞,表示“穿著”強調狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標語和狀語。如:It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷,穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.John的媽媽。house/home/familyhouse;Home;Family:Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們全家都起得很早。fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表示“好“之意,但前三者既可作表語又可作定語,而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)分在于:fine指物時表示的是質量上的“精細“,形容人時表示的是“身體安康“,也可以用來指“天氣晴朗“。例如:Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很安康。That”safinemachine.那是一臺很好的機器It”safinedayforawalk today.今日是閑逛的好時候。nice主要側重于人或物的外表,有“奇特“,“秀麗“的意思,也可用于問候或贊揚別人。例如:Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很秀麗。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.見到你很快活。It”sveryniceofyou.你真好。good形容人時指“品德好“,形容物時指“質量好“,是表示人或物各方面都好的一般用語。例如:Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個好學生。Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車很好。well只可用來形容人的“身體好“的動詞之后。例如:I”mverywell,thanks.我身體很好,感謝。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們唱歌得好?!究键c掃描】中考考點在本單元主要集中在:動詞be的用法;人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;名詞的單復數(shù)和全部格的用法;冠詞的根本用法;Therebe句型的用法。本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型;本單元學過的日常交際用語??荚囆问娇梢允菃雾椞羁?、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。初一年級〔下〕【學問梳理】 16.haveadrinkofI.重點短語 17.havealook18.havebreakfastabottleof 19.havelunchalittle 20.havesupperalot(of) 21.listentoallday 22.not…atallbefrom 23.put…awaybeover 24.takeoffcomeback 25.throwitlikethatcomefrom 26.wouldlikedoone’shomework 27.inthemiddleofthedaydotheshopping 28.inthemorning/afternoon/eveninggetdown 29.onafarmgethome 30.inafactorygettogetup II.重要句型goshoppingLetsb.dosth. 16.---Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?Couldsb.dosth.? ---It’sMonday.wouldlikesth. 17.---MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please?wouldliketodosth. ---Certainly.Hereyouare.Whataboutsomethingtoeat? 18.---Whereareyoufrom?Howdoyouspell…? ---FromBeijing.MayIborrow…? 19.What”syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?III.交際用語 20.---Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)—Thanksverymuch! ---No,Idon”t.(Idon”tlikethematall.)—You”rewelcome. 21.---Whatdoesyourmotherlike?Putit/themaway. ---ShelikesdumplingsandvegetablesveryWhat”swrong? much.Ithinkso. Idon”tthinkso. 22.---Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom. ---Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please. 23.---WhattimedoeshegotobedinthePleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK. evening?What”syourfavouritesport? ---Hegoestobedat10:00.Don”tworry.I’m(not)goodatbasketball. IV.重要語法Doyouwantago?That”sright./That‘sallright./Allright. 1.人稱代詞的用法;Do you have a dictionary / any 2.祈使句;dictionaries? 3.現(xiàn)在進展時的構成和用法;Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t. 4.動詞have的用法;We/TheyhavesomeCDs. 5.一般現(xiàn)在時構成和用法;We/Theydon’thaveanyCDs. 6.可數(shù)名詞和不行數(shù)名詞的構成和用法【名師講解】That”sright./That‘sallright./Allright.Tha’sright例如:“Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.““我想我們應當幫助這位老人。““That”sright.“或“You”reright.““說得對“。Tha’sallright意為“不用謝“沒關系,用來答復對方的致謝或賠禮。例如“Manythanks.““That”sallright.“ “Sorry.It”sbroken.““That”sallright.“Allright意為“行了“可以,表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時還可以表示“身體很好“Pleasetellmeaboutit.““請把此事告知我?!?“Allright.““好吧?!癐syourmotherallright?你媽身體好嗎make/do這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做makedo做一件具體的事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能為我做個紙船嗎?He’sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作業(yè)。say/speak/talk/tellsa:是最口語化的最一般的一個詞,意為“說出Iwanttogotherebybu”,hesaid.他說PleasesayitinEnglish.請用英語說。speak:即后面不能直接接賓語)Canyouspeakabouthim?Idotliketospeaklikethis.我不寵愛這樣說話。speak作及物動詞解時,只能和某種語言等連用,表達在對話中恰當使用詞匯的力量。如:ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語說得好。talk:與speak意義相近,也著重說話的動作,而不著重所說的話,因此,一般也只用作不及物動詞,不過,talk示意話是對某人說的,有較強的對話意味,著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如:Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit. 我想跟他談那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年婦女寵愛和孩子們交談。tell:“告知”,除較少狀況外,一般后面總接雙賓語。如:He’stellingmeastory.他在給我講故事。tellalie撒謊tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth如:.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做飯”解,屬泛指。dothecooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞,不能用作復數(shù),但前面可用some,muchdosomecooking可引出很多類似的短語:dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping買些東西dosomereading讀書dosomewriting寫些東西dosomefishing釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語,不能用some,much或定冠詞。goshopping去買東西gofishing去釣魚goboating去劃船goswimming去游泳likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.liketodosth.意思一樣,但用法有區(qū)分。前者強調一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習慣性和經(jīng)常性;后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如:Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他寵愛踢足球,但是他不寵愛和李明踢。other/others/theother/anotherother表其余的,別的,如:Haveyouanyotherquestions?你還有其他問題嗎?others.如:IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋子里一些人是美國人,其他的是法國人。theother表另一個〔二者之中〕one…,theother…如:OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,theotherstudiesChinese.我兩個哥哥中的一個學習英文,另一個學中文。another表三者以上的另一個,另一些如:Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.書架上還可以放點書。inthetree/onthetreeinthetree與onthetree.譯成中文均為“在樹上“但英語中有區(qū)分。inthetree表示某人、某事〔不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西〕落在樹上,表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時,要onthetree.如:Therearesomeapplesonthetree.Thereisabirdinthetree.那棵樹上有只鳥。some/anysome和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不行數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點需要留意。(1)some常用于確定句中,any常用于否認句和疑問句中。如:Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn”tanywaterintheglass.(2)在說話者期望得到確定答復的一般疑問句中,或在表示懇求,邀請的疑問句中,我們照舊some。如:Wouldyoulikesometea?tall/high說人,動物,樹木等有生命的東西,主要用tall,不用high,例如atallwoman一個高個子婦女a(chǎn)tallhorse一個高大的馬說一個不與地面接觸的人和物的高時,要用high,而不用tall,比方人站在桌子上時,飛Heishighupinthetree.Theplaneissohighinthesky.飛機在空中這么高。指建筑物、山時要tallhigh都可以,不過high的程度比tall高。(4)high可作副詞,tall不能。(5)tall的反義詞為short,high的反義詞為low.can/couldcan表示體力和腦力方面的力量,或依據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動作的“力量“。例如:Canyourideabike?你會騎自行車嗎?WhatcanIdoforyou?要幫助嗎?Canyoumakeacake?你會做蛋糕嗎?can用在否認句和疑問句中時有時表示說話人的“疑心““猜測“或不愿定。例如:Wherecanhebe?他會在什么地方呢?Canthenewsbetrue?這個消息會是真的嗎?Itsurelycan”tbesixo”clockalready?不行能已經(jīng)六點鐘了吧?Youcan”tbehungrysosoon,Tom,you”vejusthadlunch.湯姆,你不行能餓得這么快,你剛吃過午飯。Whatcanhemean?他會是什么意思?在日常會話中,can可代替may表示“允許“,mayYoucancomeinanytime.你隨時都可以來。---CanIuseyourpen?我能用你的鋼筆嗎?---Ofcourse,youcan.固然可以。Youcanhavemyseat,I”mgoingnow.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。couldcould是can的過去式,表示過去有過的力量和可能性〔在否認和疑問句中。例如:Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.〔力量〕醫(yī)生說他能幫助他。Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.〔力量〕當麗麗四歲的時候她就會游泳。Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.〔可能性〕那時我們以為所說的可能是真的。could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時間的動作,但語氣較為動聽。例如:CouldIspeaktoJohn,please?我能和約翰說話嗎?Couldyou?在口語中表示懇求對方做事。例如:Couldyouwaithalfanhour?請你等半個小時好嗎?Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix?六點鐘請你再打好嗎?can的形式只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時態(tài),有時也能表示將來。全部其他時態(tài)〔包括將來時〕須用beableto加動詞不定式來表示。例如:TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.他們沒有能到北京來。lookfor/findlookforfind的結果,而后者則強調“找”的結果。例如Shecatfindherruler.Tomislookingforhiswatch,buthecan’tfindit.湯姆正在查找他的手表,但沒能找到。besleeping/beasleepbesleeping表示動作,意思是“正在睡覺beasleep表示狀態(tài),意思是“睡著了如:---Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子們在房間里做什么?---Theyaresleeping.他們正在睡覺。Thechildrenareasleepnow.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了。often/usually/sometimesoften表示“經(jīng)?!埃瑂ometimes表示“有時候“often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes常位于主要謂語動詞的前面,其他謂語動詞〔be動詞,情態(tài)動詞和助動詞〕的后面,有時也可位于句尾。假設要加強語氣,則放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我們通常放學后打籃球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有時,我睡覺很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用來詢問某一商品的價格,常見句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt? 這條裙子多少錢?Howmucharethebananas? 這些香蕉多少錢?howmuch后加不行數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量意“多“,howmany后加可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant? 你要多少肉呀?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?你們班有多少人?begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表示“對……有好處“,而bebadfor表示“對……有害“;begoodto表示“對……“對……不好“;begoodat表示““bebadat表示“在……方面做得不好“。如:Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操對你的眼睛有好處。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多對你的身體有害。MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李教師對我們全部的人都很友好。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.這個老板對他的工人不好。LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI”mbadatit.李雷擅長畫畫,但是我不擅長。each/everyeachevery都有“每一個“的意思,但含義和用法不一樣。each從個體著眼,every從整體著眼。each可用于兩者或兩者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。如:Weeachhaveanewbook.Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.街的兩旁有樹。Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.每天早晨他都起得早。eacheveryEachofthemhashisownduty.Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.他們每個人都想做不同的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時/現(xiàn)在進展時象;而現(xiàn)在進展時表示正在進展或發(fā)生的動作〔構成方式為am/is/are/+doin。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.I”mdoingmyhomeworknow.我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)。現(xiàn)在進展時常與now,thesedays,atthemomentLook,listen等詞連用;而一般現(xiàn)在時常與often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等連用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我們經(jīng)常放學后清掃教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看!他們正在清掃教室呢。初二年級〔上〕【學問梳理】重點短語ontimebestwishesgiveatalkforexampleshortforawasteoftimegoonafieldtripgofishingIagreenextweekthedayaftertomorrowhaveapicnichavesomeproblemsdoingsth.gothewrongwayhurryupgettogetherintheopenaironMid-AutumnDaycomeoverhavetogethomeagreewithinthecountryintownallthesameinfrontofontheleft/rightsidenexttoupanddownkeephealthygrowupatthesametimethedaybeforeyesterdaylastSaturdayhalfanhouragoamomentagojustnowbythewayallthetime

atfirst重要句型havefundoingsth.Whydon’tyou…?We’regoingtodosth.startwithsth.Whynot…?Areyougoingto…?befriendlytosb.You’dbetterdosth.asksb.forsth.saygoodbyetosb.Goodluck(withsb)!交際用語Welcomebacktoschool!Excuseme.I’msorryI’mlate,becausethetrafficisbad.Itdoesn’tmatter.4.HappyTeachers’Day!5.That’sagoodidea.6.Whatareyougoingtodo?7.Wherearewegoing?Whatarewegoingtodo?I’mgoodat…10.It’snotfarfrom…11.Areyoufreetomorrowevening?12.WouldyouandLilyliketocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?I’mgladyoucancome.Thanksforaskingus.15.Howaboutanotherone?16.MayIhaveataste?17.Letmewalkwithyou.18.Whatdoyouhavetodo?19.Doyouliveonafarm?Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?Whichdo youlikebest,dogs, catsorchickens? 31.Goalongthisroad.Shallwegoatten?Goodidea! 32.Whatdaywasityesterday?23.---Let’smakeithalfpastone.---OK. 33.I’msorrytohearthat.24.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---All 34.Ihopeyou’rebetternow.right. 35.Whydidyoucallme?Excuseme.Where’sthenearestpostoffice, 36.Icalledtotell…please?It’soverthereontheright. IV.重要語法I’msorryIdon’tknow. 1.begoingto的用法;You’dbetter… 2.形容詞的比較級、最高級;Thankyouallthesame. 3.形容詞和副詞的比較WhichbusdoItake? 4.一般過去時【名師講解】onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上”時,onthestreet和inthestreet都可以,在美國多用onthestreet,在英國多inthestreet.例如:Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我們在街上有座房子。Imethimonthestreet.我在街上遇見了他。wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含義不同like意思是“寵愛“愛好,而wouldlike意思是“想要fondofbeer. 我寵愛喝啤酒I’dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒Doyoulikegoingtothecinema? 你寵愛看電影嗎?Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight? 你今晚想去看電影嗎?another/theotheranother通常用于三個或三個以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個人或物體。例如:MayIhaveanotherapple,please?請在給我一個蘋果好嗎?Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother這件外套我穿太小,請再給我拿一件看看。theother通常指兩者中的另一個。例如:Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有兩把尺子,一把短的,另一把長的。Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXi’an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有兩個兄弟,一個在西安工作,另一個在北京工作。haveto/musthaveto和must都可以用來談論義務,但用法略有不同。假設某人主觀上覺得必需去做musthavetoImuststopsmoking.〔自己想戒煙〕Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.他們不得不為那個老板〔條件逼得他們去工作〕haveto可用于多種時態(tài),must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:I’llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必需早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.為了多掙錢,我們不得不每天長時間地工作。musttdo’thaveto相當于needn’tYoumustn’tbelateagainnexttime.Youdon’thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.

今日不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。hearsb.orsth.doingsth.hearsb.orsth.dosth.到某人或某物做過某事IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.聽見他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。hear這種用法的還有see,watch,listen,feel等感官動詞。any/someanysomesome一般用在確定句中;anyIwantsomemoney.Haveyouanymoney?你有錢嗎?Idon’thaveanymoney.我一點錢也沒有。some有時也用于疑問句,表示說話人期盼一個確定答復或鼓舞人家說“是Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?請你再來點啤酒好嗎?CouldIhavesomerice,please?請給我來點米飯好嗎?hear/listentolistentohearListento強調“聽”的動作,hear強調“聽”的結果。例如:Listentome,please!I’mgoingtotellyouastory.請聽我說!我給你們講個故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?Ilistened,butheardnothing.我聽了聽,但什么也聽不見。hear后面假設接賓語從句,經(jīng)常表示“聽說Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我聽說一些外國學生將要訪問我們學校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我聽說今晚我們學校要演一場電影。Let’s…/Letus…Let’sLetus…都表示“讓我們……”,us包括聽話人在內,其含義一樣,附帶問句用shallwe.假設usLetu…的附帶問句要用willyo例如:Let’sgoshopping,shallwe?我們去購物好嗎?take/bring/carry/get這四個動詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思,但含義有所不同take意為“帶走bring,getcarry帶有負重的意思。試比較:Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母經(jīng)常帶我到那里去度假。I’mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我預備帶你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.請給我端杯茶來。I’llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable效勞員把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那個包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.讓我去請醫(yī)生吧。faraway/faraway(1)faraway是一個副詞短語,意思是“很遠Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些離得很遠,有些離得近一些的。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那個村子離這兒很遠。(2)faraway是一個形容詞,意思是“遙遠的Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一個遙遠的小山村。find/lookforfindlookforfind強調“找”的結果,而lookfor強調Heislookingforhisbike.I’mlookingformywatch,butcan’tfindit.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.期望你盡快找到喪失的戒指。find還有“覺察Ifoundawalletinthedesk了一個錢包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我覺得這本書很有意思。infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontofInthefrontof表示在某物的前部,在某物的范圍內。試比較:MyseatisinfrontofMary’s.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司機坐在小車的前部。初二年級〔中〕【學問梳理】重點短語giveaconcertfalldowngoonattheendofgobackinahurrywritedowncomeoutalltheyearroundlateronattimesringsb.upHappyNewYear!haveapartyholdonhearfrombereadyatthemomenttakeout20.thesameasturnoverget-togetherputontakeaseatwaitforgetlostjustthenfirstofallgowrongmakeanoisegetongetoffstandinline

attheheadoflaughatthrowaboutinfactatmidnightenjoyoneselfhaveaheadachehaveacoughfallasleepagainandagainlookovertakeexercise重要句型begoodforsth.Ithink…Ihope…Ilove…Idon’tlike…I’msure…forgettodosth.takeamessageforsb.givesb.themessagehelpyourselftosth.befamousforsth.onone’swayto…makeone’swayto…quarrelwithsb.agreewithsb.stopsb.fromdoingsth.交際用語1.What’stheweatherliketoday?2.It’scold,butquitesuuny.Howcolditistoday! 30.Itmaybein...Ah,soitisYes,butit’llbewarmerlateron. 31.Youmustbemorecareful!Shallwemakeasnowman? 32.Youmustn”tcrosstheroadnow.Ok.Comeon! 33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitHappyNewYear! forthegreenlight.MayIspeaktoAnn,please?? 34.Pleasestandinline.Holdon,please. 35.Youmustwaitforyourturn.10.Thanksalotforinvitingmetoyourparty. 36.Ifyoudon”tgosoon,you”llbelate.11.Ok.ButI’mafraidImaybealittlelate. 37.Idon”tfeelverywell.CanItakeamessageforyou? 38.Myheadhurts.That’sOK.Itdoesn’tmatter. 39.Youmustn”teatanythinguntilyouseetheI’mverysorry,butIcan’tcome. doctor.I’msorrytohearthat. 40.What”sthetrouble?Happybirthday! 41.What”sthematterwith…?17.Wouldyoulike...?Wouldyouliketo...? 42.Shedidn”tfeellikeeatinganything.18.Doyouthink...?Yes,Ithinkso./No,I 43.Nothingserious.don”tthinkso. 44.Have/getapainin…19.Doyouagree?Yes,Iagree./No,don”t 45.Noproblem.reallyagree.Ireallycan”tagree. 46.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.20.Thereareafew/alotof.../onit.Sodowe. IV.重要語法I”mhappyyoulikeit.Whichisthewayto...,please? 1.一般過去時;Turnright/leftatthe...crossing. 2.反意疑問句的用法;Goonuntilyoureach... 3.一般將來時;HowcanIgetto...? Godown/up/along 4.感慨句;thisroad. 5.簡潔句的五種根本句型;What”sthematter? 6.情態(tài)動詞can,maymust,haveto的用It”lltakeyouhalfanhourto... 法;We”dbettercatchabus. 7.時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句?!久麕熤v解】above/over/ononover和某物接觸。試比較:Thereisabookonthedesk.課桌上有一本書。Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高舉過頭。Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石橋。forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“遺忘做某事forgetdoingsth,Iforgottotellhimthenews我遺忘告知他這條消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已經(jīng)把這條消息告知他了,我卻忘了。類似的詞還有:remember,regret等。hope/wishhopewish在漢語中都有“期望”的意思,但其含義和用法有所不同。主要區(qū)分如下:wish可以用來表示不行實現(xiàn)的愿望;hope只能用來表示可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。例如:IwishIwere20yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年輕二十歲。Ihopeyou’llbebettersoon.我期望你能很快好起來。Iwishtheweatherwasn’tsocold.但愿天氣不這麼冷。Ihopehewillcome,too.我期望他也能來。wish可以接sb.todosth.的構造,而hope不行以。例如:Doyouwishmetocomebacklater? 你是否期望我再來?besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.(1)besuretodosth.可以用來表示說話人給對方提出要求,意思是“務必說話人做出的推斷,意思是“肯定Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你離開時務必把門鎖好。It’sagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.這是一部好電影,你確定會寵愛的。(2)besureof/aboutsb.orsth. 可用來表示“某人對某事有把握。例如:I’msureofhissuccess.我信任他會成功。Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butI’mnotsureaboutit.hearfrom/hearofhearfrom來表示。例如:I’veheardfromXiaoWuthatwe’llstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.我聽小吳說,我們明天開頭軍訓。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.聽錄音,并寫出你從韓梅那里聽到的內容。hearfrom還有一個意思是“收到某人的來信〔=receivealetterfromsb。例如:IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上個月我受到了美國筆友的來信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的來信。hearof和和hearfromhearof意思是“聽說〔某事或某人的存在用在疑問句和否認句里。例如:Whoishe?I’veneverheardofhim.他是誰?我從來沒有聽說過他。Ineverheardofsuchathing!這樣的事我從來沒有聽說過。It’sapleasure./Withpleasure.It’sapleasure---Thankyouforhelpingme.感謝你地幫助。---It’sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。---Thanksalot.Bye.格外感謝。再見。---It’sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。再見。Notatall.”“Youarewelcome.”“That’sallright.”Withpleasure也用作客氣的答語,主要用在別人要你做某事,而你又格外情愿去做的場合。例如:---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?請你把報紙遞給我好嗎?---Withpleasure.固然可以。seem/look二者都可以作“看起來”講,但seem示意憑借一些跡象作出的有依據(jù)的推斷,這種推斷往往接近事實;look著重強調由視覺得出的印象。兩者都可跟(tobe)+形容詞和asif從句。如:Heseems/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今日看起來很快活。Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoingtorain.好似要下雨了。但以下狀況中只用seemlook:后跟不定式todo時。如:Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他好似知道答案。Itseemsthat...構造中。如:Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天快活些了。bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyfor(1)bereadytodo和bereadyfo…表示“已作好…的預備readytodo和getreadyfo…表示“為…做預備I”mreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我情愿/隨時預備做一切做你要我做的事。I”mreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我情愿/隨時預備答復你可能問的問題。He”sgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正預備動身去東京。Let”sgetreadyforthehardmoment.我們?yōu)檫@一困難時刻作好預備吧。(3)bereadytodo通常可理解“樂于做某事benotreadytodoHe”susuallynotreadytolistentoothers.他通常不輕易聽從別人。attable/atthetableattable在吃飯,atthetable在桌子旁邊。例如:TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃飯。Mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreadingabook.布萊克先生坐在桌旁讀書。reach,arrive/getto三者都有“到達“之意。reach是及物動詞,后直接加名詞,getarrive是不及物動詞,不能直接加名詞,須借助于介詞。getto后加名詞地點,假設跟副詞地點時,to去掉;arriveat+小地方,arrivein+大地方。如:Lucygottothezoobefore8o”clock.8點前到了動物園。WhendidyourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何時到上海的?ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家時天色已晚。sick/ill二者都是形容詞。當“生病的,患病“之意時,ill只作表語,不作定語;而sick既可作表語也可作定語。sick有“嘔吐,惡心“的意思,只能作表語,而ill無此意。如:LiLeiwasilllastweek.(只作表語)李磊上周生病了。He”sasickman.〔作定語〕他是病人。不能說成:He”sanillman.Mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.〔作表語〕我祖父去年病了一個月。intime/ontimeintime是“準時“的意思,ontime是“準時,按時“。如:Ididn”tgettothebusstopintime.我沒有準時趕上汽車。We”llfinishourjobontime.我們要按時完成任務。maybe/maybeItmaybeinyourinsidepocket.=Maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.或許在你里邊的口袋里。第maybe是情態(tài)動詞+be動詞構成的謂語局部,意思是“或許是“,“可能是“;其次句maybe是副詞,意思是“可能“perhaps。再如:Maybeyouputitinthatbag.或許你放在了那只包里〔Youmaybeputitinthatbag.〕Itmaybeahat.〔Itmaybeahat.Itmaybeisahat.〕noise/voice/soundnoise指嘈雜聲,噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指說話的聲音,嗓音,嗓子。sound是指耳朵能Don”tmakesomuchnoise!別那么大聲喧嘩!Ididn”trecognizeJohn”svoiceonthetelephone.在里我聽不出約翰的聲音。Hespokeinalowvoice.Weheardastrangesound.我們聽到了一種驚異的聲音。Soundtravelsfast,butlighttravelsfaster.聲音傳得快,但是光傳得更快。初二英語〔下〕【學問梳理】重點短語 1.ontimeoutofallbyoneselflotsofnolongergetbacksoonerorlaterrunawayeatuptakecareofturnoffturnonafterawhilemakefacesteachoneselffalloffplaythepianoknockattoone”ssurpriselookupenjoyoneselfhelpyourselftellastory/storiesleave. behind……comealongholdasportsmeetingbeneckandneckas asnotso/as asdoone”sbesttakepartinamomentlateBadluck!fallbehindhighjumplongjumprelayracewelldone!takeoffasusualapairofatoncehurryoffcometooneselfafterawhile

knockontakecareofatthemomentsetoffhereandthereonwatchlookouttakeone’splace重要句型We’dbetternotdosth.leaveone.oneselffindone’swaytoaplacestandonone’sheadmakesb.Happycatchupwithsb.passonsth.tosomebodyspendtimedoingsth.goondoingsth.getonwellwithsb.beangrywithsb.befedupwithsth.not…until…makeroomforsb.交際用語We’reallbyourselves.Ifellalittleafraid.Don’tbeafraid.Help!Can’tyouhearanything?Ican’thearanything/anybodythere.Maybeit’satiger.Let’sgetitbackbeforetheyeatthefood.Didshelearnallbyherself?Couldsheswimwhenshewas…yearsold?Shedidn’thurtherself.Hecouldn’tbuyhimselfmanynicethings.Didheenjoyhimself?Helpyourselves.Badluck!Comeon! 29.Howkind!Welldone!Congratulations(to…)! 30.Let’smovethebag,oritmaycauseanItmustbeveryinteresting. accident.Idon’tthinkyou’lllikeit. 31.It’sreallyniceofyou.Itseemstobeaninterestingbook. 32.Don’tmentionit.I’msure(that)…I’mnotsureif…I’mnot 33.Don’tcrowdaroundhim.surewhatto…Ihopeso. IV.重要語法Whatwashe/shedrawingwhen…?I’msorrytotroubleyou. 1.不定代詞/副詞的運用;Wouldyouplease…? 2.反身代詞的用法;What were you doing at ten o’clock 3.并列句;yesterdaymorning? 4.形容詞和副詞的比較等級;Youlooktiredtoday. 5.冠詞的用法;You’dbettergotobedearlytonight,ifyou 6.動詞的過去進展時;can.【名師講解】bring/takeBring表示“帶來、拿來take則bring相反,指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走Bringmethebook,please.把那本書給我拿來。Takesomefoodtotheoldman.給那位老人帶去些食物。somebody/anybody/nobody一般說來,somebody用于定句,anybody用于否認句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如:Somebodycametoseeyouwhenyouwereout.你出來時有人來見你。Doesanybodyliveonthisisland?有人在這島上住嗎?Ididn”tseeanybodythere.我在那兒誰也沒觀察。Don”tletanybodyin.I”mtoobusytoseeanybody.別讓任何人進來。我太忙,誰也不想見。Thereisnobodyintheroom.房間里沒人。Nobodytoldmethatyouwereill,soIdidn”tknowaboutit.誰也沒告知我你病了所以我不知道。listen,listento,hear這三個詞意思都是“聽listen作,至于是否聽到,并非強調的重點。如:Listen!Someoneissingingintheclassroom.聽!有人在教室唱歌。listentolisten的及物形式,后面肯定要接人或物做賓語,這里的to是介詞。如:Doyoulikelisteningtolightmusic?你寵愛聽輕音樂嗎?hear可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞,意思是“聽到、聽見個聲音,表示無意識的動作,著重于聽的力量和結果。如Wehearwithourears我們用耳朵聽。Shelistensbuthearsnothing.她聽了聽,但是什么也沒有聽見。many/much/afew/alittle/few/littlemany修飾可數(shù)名詞,much修飾不行數(shù)名詞;都表示很多。例如:Hehasmanybooks.他有很多書。Hedrankmuchmilk.他喝了很多牛奶。afewalittle都表示“有一點兒“,側重于確定,相當于“some“,但afew修飾可數(shù)名詞,alittle修飾不行數(shù)名詞,例如:HehasafewfriendsinLondon.他在倫敦有一些朋友。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Yes,justalittle.

點咖啡好嗎?好的,只要一點。fewlittle表示“幾乎沒有“few后接可數(shù)名詞,littleHeisastrangeman.Hehasfewwords.他是個怪人,他幾乎不說什么話。Hurryup,thereislittletimeleft.趕快,沒什么時間了。either/neither/botheither可作形容詞,一般指“兩者中的任何一個“。有時也可表示“兩個都……“的意思,后跟名詞的單數(shù)形式;neither:both:指兩者都,確定。句中可作主語、賓語和定語,both后面應跟名詞的復數(shù)形式。如:Neitherofthefilmsisgood.兩部電〔沒有一部是好的〕Eitherofthefilmsisgood.〔謂語動詞用單數(shù)〕Boththeteachersoftenanswerthequestions.這兩個教師都經(jīng)常解答問題。takepartin/jointakepartin;joinCanyoutakepartinmyparty.你能來參與我的派對嗎?Weoftentakepartinmanyschoolactivities.我們經(jīng)常參與學校里的Hejoinedthepartyin1963.1963Mylittlebrotherjoinedthearmylastyear.我小弟去年參的軍。quite/rather/veryquite表示程度“很,格外,完全地SheisquiterightThat”snotquitewhatIwant.那并不完全是我所要的。ratherIt”srathercoldtoday.今日的天氣相當冷。very也可用于不寵愛的狀況下。應留意“avery+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)”構造中,“a“應置于“very“之前,該構造相當“quitea/an+形容詞+名詞”的構造。如:Twomonthsisquitealongtime./averylongtime.兩個月是一段很長的時間。It”saveryniceday/quiteaniceday.今日天氣很好。初三年級〔上〕【學問梳理】 13.largenumbersof重點短語 14.alltheyearround15.nomatterwhatatthemoment 16.giveupusedto 17.forexampleforawhile 18.bythewaywalkawaywithsth. 19.onbusinessleavefors

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