中級(jí)財(cái)會(huì)CashandReceivables現(xiàn)金及應(yīng)收賬款

Chapter2CashandReceivables第二章現(xiàn)金及應(yīng)收款PartACashandCashEquivalentsInthispart,wearegoingtolearn:CashCashequivalentsCashCashincludescurrencyandcoins,balancesincheckingaccounts,anditemsacceptablefordepositintheseaccounts.現(xiàn)金包括紙幣、硬幣、銀行支票存款賬戶(hù)的余額以及可以存入這些賬戶(hù)的款項(xiàng)。Simply,“cash”=moneyholdinhand+money

inthebankCashEquivalentsCash

Equivalentsincludemoneymarketfunds,treasurybills,andcommercialpaper.現(xiàn)金等價(jià)物包括貨幣市場(chǎng)基金、國(guó)庫(kù)券和商業(yè)票據(jù)等。Thematuritydate(到期日)forcashequivalentsshouldbenolongerthanthreemonthsfromthedateofpurchase.PartBCurrentReceivables短期應(yīng)收款I(lǐng)nthispart,wearegoingtolearn:Theclassificationof“Receivables”AccountsreceivableNotesreceivableReceivablesReceivablesareacompany’sclaimstothefuturecollectionofcash,otherassetsorservices.應(yīng)收款是企業(yè)在未來(lái)要求收取現(xiàn)金、其他資產(chǎn)或者服務(wù)的權(quán)利。ReceivablesTradereceivables商業(yè)應(yīng)收款:resultingfromthesaleofgoodsorservices.Nontradereceivables非商業(yè)應(yīng)收款:notresultingfromthesaleofgoodsorservices.Exp.AccountsReceivableExp.InterestReceivableAccountsReceivableAccountsreceivablearecomingfromcreditsale(賒銷(xiāo)).Accountsreceivablearesupportedbythecustomer’screditandaninvoice.Notesreceivablearesupportedbythenoteandaninvoice.Accountsreceivableareclassifiedascurrentassets,becausetheircollectionperiod(收款期)isusuallylessthanoneyear.ARarerecognizedonthedaywhenwedeliverthegoods/services.InitialValuationofAccountsReceivable

應(yīng)收賬款的初始計(jì)量Twopartswillbediscussed:TradediscountsCashdiscountsTradeDiscountsTradeDiscounts:apercentagereductionfromthelistpricethatcompaniesoffertotheircustomers.(pricereduction)商業(yè)折扣：公司為顧客提供的、從零售價(jià)中扣減一定百分比的折扣。(價(jià)格扣減)Tradediscountsareoftenofferedtothosecustomerswhopurchasegoods/servicesinlargequantity.Inaccounting,weuse“netprice”torecordARandsalesrevenue.Netprice=fullprice–tradediscountTradeDiscountsExp.Acompanysellsamachineatapriceof$2,500,butsellsittoacustomeratlistlessa10%discount.(creditsale)Netprice=fullprice-tradediscount=$2,500-$2500×10%=$2,250Dr.AccountsReceivable2,250Cr.SalesRevenue2,250

CashDiscountsCashDiscounts:oftencalledsalesdiscounts,representreductionsnotinthesellingpriceofagoodorservicebutintheamounttobepaidbyacreditcustomerifpaidwithinaspecifiedperiodoftime.(reductioninpayment)現(xiàn)金折扣：又稱(chēng)為銷(xiāo)售折扣，它并不是對(duì)商品或勞務(wù)銷(xiāo)售價(jià)格的減少，而是對(duì)賒購(gòu)客戶(hù)在特定的期間內(nèi)付款而給予應(yīng)付款金額的減少。(應(yīng)付款的減少)Itisadiscountintendedtoprovideincentiveforquickpayment.(encouragecustomerstopaythecashassoonaspossible)CashDiscountsExp.Ourcompanyofferedcashdiscount:2/10,n/30.2/10,meaninga2%discountifpaidwithin10days.(10days---discountperiod)n/30,meaningnodiscountifpaidwithin30days.Twowaystorecordcashdiscounts:GrossmethodNetmethodGrossmethod總價(jià)法Howtousegrossmethod:Atfirst,usethefullpricetorecordaccountsreceivable.Ifthecashdiscountisrealized(withindiscountperiod),thenputthediscountamountinto“salesdiscount”.ExampleofgrossmethodOurcompany’scredittermsarestatedas2/10,n/30.OnOct.5,2011,wesoldmerchandiseatapriceof$20,000.Thecustomerpaid70%ofitstotalpriceonOct.14andtheremainingbalanceof$6,000onNov.4.Netmethod凈價(jià)法Howtousenetmethod:Atfirst,usethenetpricetorecordaccountsreceivable.Ifthecashdiscountisnotrealized(beyonddiscountperiod),thenrecordthediscountamountas“interestrevenue”.ExampleofnetmethodOurcompany’scredittermsarestatedas2/10,n/30.OnOct.5,2011,wesoldmerchandiseatapriceof$20,000.Thecustomerpaid70%ofitstotalpriceonOct.14andtheremainingbalanceof$6,000onNov.4.GrossMethodV.S.NetMethodThegrossmethodsupposesallthecashdiscountscannotbetaken.總價(jià)法假設(shè)所有的現(xiàn)金折扣都不能被享受。Butifcashdiscountistaken,thenputthediscountamountinto“salesdiscounts”.Thenetmethodsupposesallthecashdiscountscanbetaken.凈價(jià)法假設(shè)所有的現(xiàn)金折扣都可以被享受。Butifcashdiscountisnottaken,thenputthediscountamountinto“interestrevenue”.GrossMethodV.S.NetMethodInAmerica,mostcompaniesusethegrossmethodbecauseit’seasierthanthenetmethod.ButinChina,onlythegrossmethodisallowedtouse.Comparingtradediscounts&cashdiscountsTradediscountsareoftenofferedtothosecustomerswhopurchasegoods/servicesinlargequantity.Cashdiscountsareofferedtothosecustomerswhopaythecashwithinthediscountperiod.Thepurposeoftradediscountsistoencouragelargepurchase.Thepurposeofcashdiscountsistoencouragequickpayment.Comparingtradediscounts&cashdiscountsTradediscountsareexpressedaspercentagereductionfromprice.(exp.20%oftradediscount)Cashdiscountsareexpressedastermsof2/10,n/30.Tradediscountsonlyhasonewaytorecord:usethenetpricetorecordtheaccountsreceivableandtherevenue.Cashdiscountshastwowaystorecord:grossmethod&netmethod.Exercise:P85E2-4UncollectibleaccountsreceivableUncollectibleaccountsreceivable(無(wú)法收回的應(yīng)收賬款)orbaddebts(壞賬):receivablesthatsomecustomersareeitherunableorunwillingtopay.Thecostswhicharisefromuncollectibleaccountsarebaddebtexpense(壞賬損失).BaddebtscausesBaddebtexpenseUncollectibleaccountsreceivableTwowaystorecordbaddebts:Directwrite-offmethod(直接轉(zhuǎn)銷(xiāo)法)Allowancemethod(備抵法)Twoquestionsweneedtofocuson:Whentousethismethod?Howtousethismethod?Directwrite-offmethod直接轉(zhuǎn)銷(xiāo)法Whentousedirectwrite-offmethod?Ifuncollectibleaccountsreceivableareimmaterial(amountofbaddebtsissmall)Orifwecannotreliablyestimate

不能合理估計(jì)

theamountofuncollectibleaccountsreceivableHowtousedirectwrite-offmethod?Whenaccountsreceivableactuallybecomebaddebts,justsimplyincreasebaddebtexpenseanddecreaseaccountsreceivable.100%suremoneycannotbereceivedDr:baddebtexpenseCr:accountsreceivableExampleofdirectwrite-offmethodIn2011,oneofourcustomerswentbankrupt(破產(chǎn)),hewasunabletopaythedebt$10,000(whichwereourcompany’saccountsreceivable).Suppose$10,000areimmaterialamountforourcompany.Usedirectwrite-offmethodDr.Baddebtexpense10,000Cr.Accountsreceivable10,000Allowancemethod備抵法Whentouseallowancemethod?Ifuncollectibleaccountsreceivablearematerialamount(amountofbaddebtsislarge)Andifwecanreliablyestimate

能合理估計(jì)

theamountof

uncollectibleaccountsreceivableHowtouseallowancemethod?Firstestimatetheamountofprobablebaddebts估計(jì)可能發(fā)生壞賬的金額Putitinto“allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts”（壞賬準(zhǔn)備）Dr:baddebtexpenseCr:allowanceforUAAllowancemethodAllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsAlsocalled“allowancefordoubtfulaccounts”Acontraaccount(備抵賬戶(hù))toaccountsreceivableAllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsDr.DecreaseBeginningBal.Cr.IncreaseEndingBal.AllowancemethodThreeeventsunderallowancemethod:(備抵法下的“三個(gè)”會(huì)計(jì)事件)Estimatetheamountofprobablebaddebts估計(jì)可能發(fā)生壞賬的金額Whenaccountsaredeemeduncollectible壞賬真實(shí)發(fā)生Whenpreviouslywritten-offaccountsarecollected之前的壞賬重新收回EstimatetheamountofprobablebaddebtsThreewaystoestimatetheamountoffuturebaddebts:三種估計(jì)壞賬的方法Incomestatementapproach利潤(rùn)表法Balancesheetapproach資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表法Acombinationoftwoapproaches兩種方法的組合Incomestatementapproach利潤(rùn)表法Howtouseincomestatementapproach?Weestimatebaddebtexpenseasapercentageofeachperiod’snetcreditsales.(按每期凈賒銷(xiāo)銷(xiāo)售收入的百分比估計(jì)“壞賬費(fèi)用”)Baddebtexpense=creditsales×P%ExampleofincomestatementapproachP55illustration2-3Baddebtexpense=creditsales×P%Inthiscase,Baddebtexpense=$1,200,000×2%=$24,000Dr.Baddebtexpense24,000Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts24,000Accountsreceivable$305,000Less:Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts(24,000)Netaccountsreceivable(NRVofAR)

$281,000Itwillbereportedinthebalancesheet.Balancesheetapproach資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表法Howtousebalancesheetapproach?

(twoways)Weestimateuncollectibleaccountsasapercentageofthereceivablebalance.(按總應(yīng)收賬款余額的百分比估計(jì)壞賬)Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=thetotalAR×P%Or,applyingdifferentpercentagestoaccountsreceivablebalances.(對(duì)不同應(yīng)收賬款余額應(yīng)用不同的百分比)Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=AR1×P1%+AR2×P2%+AR3×P3%+……+ARn

×Pn%AR1,AR2,AR3,…,ARn

aredifferentaccountsreceivablebalancesdependingonthelengthoftimeoutstanding.按應(yīng)收賬款的賬齡長(zhǎng)短劃分不同的余額

(exp.P56)ExampleofbalancesheetapproachExp.P56illustration2-3AAccountsReceivableAgingSchedule應(yīng)收賬款賬齡分析表Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=AR1×P1%+AR2×P2%+AR3×P3%+……+ARn

×Pn%Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=AR1×P1%+AR2×P2%+AR3×P3%+AR4×P4%=220,000×5%+50,000×10%+25,000×20%+10,000×45%=25,500Thelongertheaccountreceivablehasbeenoutstandingthemorelikelyitwillproveuncollectible.應(yīng)收賬款拖欠的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，越有可能成為壞賬。（壞賬提取比率應(yīng)該越大）ExampleofbalancesheetapproachExp.P56illustration2-3AAllowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=$25,500Dr.Baddebtexpense25,500

Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts25,500Here,$25,500istheendingbal.for“allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts”AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsDr.DecreaseBeginningBal.0Cr.25,500IncreaseEndingBal.25,500FirstyearofoperationsExampleofbalancesheetapproachlet’ssupposeitwasnotthefirstyearofoperations.Thebeginningcreditbal.fortheallowanceaccountwas$4,000.Dr.Baddebtexpense21,500

Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts21,500AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsDr.DecreaseBeginningBal.4,000Cr.21,500IncreaseEndingBal.25,500Exampleofbalancesheetapproachlet’ssupposeitwasnotthefirstyearofoperations.Thebeginningdebitbal.fortheallowanceaccountwas$4,000.Dr.Baddebtexpense29,500

Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts29,500AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsBeginningBal.4,000Dr.DecreaseCr.29,500IncreaseEndingBal.25,500AcombinationoftwoapproachesSomecompaniesuseacombinationoftwoapproaches.有些公司使用兩種方法的組合。Theyusetheincomestatementapproach

attheendofeverymonth.Buttheyusethebalancesheetapproach

attheendoftheyear.AcombinationoftwoapproachesExp.Suppose2011isthefirstyearofoperation.During2011,salesoncreditare$1,200,000.Thecompanyanticipatesthat2%ofallcreditsaleswillfinallybecomeuncollectible.Usingincomestatementapproachattheendofeverymonth:Baddebtexpense=S1×2%+S2×2%+...+S12×2%=(S1+S2+…+S12)×2%=SYear×2%Baddebtexpense=$1,200,000×2%=24,000Dr.Baddebtexpense24,000Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts24,000AcombinationoftwoapproachesUsebalancesheetapproachattheendoftheyear:Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=AR1×P1%+AR2×P2%+AR3×P3%+……+ARn

×Pn%Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=220,000×5%+50,000×10%+25,000×20%+10,000×45%=25,500AgeGroupAmountP%0-60days220,0005%61-90days50,00010%91-120days25,00020%Over120days10,00045%AcombinationoftwoapproachesAllowanceforuncollectibleaccounts=220,000×5%+50,000×10%+25,000×20%+10,000×45%=25,500(endingbal.)Supposethisyearisthecompany’sfirstyear,sobeginningbal.=0.AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsDr.DecreaseBeginningBal.0Cr.24,0001,500EndingBal.25,500UsingincomestatementapproachUsingbalancesheetapproachAcombinationoftwoapproachesDr.baddebtexpense1,500Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts1,500Accountsreceivable$305,000Less:AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsIS(24,000)AllowanceforuncollectibleaccountsBS(1,500)Netaccountsreceivable$279,500Whenaccountsaredeemeduncollectible壞賬真實(shí)發(fā)生Ifwearesurethatpartofaccountsreceivablewillnotbecollected,thenrecorditasadebittoallowanceforuncollectibleaccountsandacredittoaccountsreceivable.100%suremoneycannotbereceived(actuallybecomebaddebts)Dr:AllowanceforUACr:AccountsreceivableExp.Assumethatactualbaddebtsin2012are$25,000,(weare100%surethatin2012,$25,000willnotbereceived)Dr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccounts25,000Cr.Accountsreceivable25,000Whenpreviouslywritten-offaccountsarecollected

之前的壞賬重新收回Sometimes,accountsreceivablethathavebecomebaddebtswillbecollectedinpartorinfull.Whenthishappens,thereceivableandtheallowanceshouldbereinstated.當(dāng)壞賬重新收回時(shí)，應(yīng)收賬款和壞賬準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)該予以恢復(fù)。Exp.Assumethatthepreviousbaddebtsof$1,200iscollectedthisyear.Dr.Accountsreceivable1,200Cr.Allowanceforuncollectibleaccount1,200Dr.cash1,200Cr.Accountsreceivable1,200ExerciseP86E2-9P86E2-8P86E2-11FinancingwithreceivablesInthispart,wearegoingtolearn:

Securedborrowing擔(dān)保借款Saleofreceivables應(yīng)收款的出售SecuredborrowingSecuredborrowing:

thetransferor(borrower)borrowedmoneyfromtransferee(lender),withthereceivablesservingascollateralfortheloan.擔(dān)保借款：轉(zhuǎn)讓人以應(yīng)收款為抵押

(collateral)向出讓人貸款。Thereceivablesbelongtothetransferorortransferee?Thereceivablesstillbelongtothetransferor.ExampleP65illustration2-5

Transferor(borrower):SantaTeresaGlassTransferee(lender):FinanceBankDr.cash490,700Financechargeexpense財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用

9,300Cr.Liability-financingarrangement500,000

負(fù)債-融資合同Loan:$500,000Financefee融資費(fèi)用:$620,000×1.5%=9,300Balance余額:500,000-9,300=490,700Notespayable/short-termborrowing500,000SigninganoteWithoutsigninganoteExampleP65illustration2-5

Santacollected$400,000ofthereceivablesinDec.:Dr.cash400,000Cr.Accountsreceivable400,000Santashouldusethe$400,000torepaytheloanborrowingfromFinanceBank.Dr.notespayable400,000Cr.Cash400,000DuringDecember,one-monthofinterest=$500,000×12%×1/12=$5,000Dr.Interestexpense

5,000Cr.cash5,000ExerciseP872-15

Transferor(borrower):HighFiveSurfboardTransferee(lender):EquitableFinanceCorporationDr.cash439,200Financechargeexpense

10,800Cr.Notespayable450,000Loan:$450,000Financefee:$600,000×1.8%=10,800Balance:450,000-10,800=439,200Saleofreceivables應(yīng)收款的出售Thetransferor(seller)sellsthereceivablestotransferee(buyer).SaleofreceivablesSalewithoutrecourseSalewithrecourseThereceivablesbelongtotransfereeCannotasktopaySalewithoutrecourse無(wú)追索權(quán)的銷(xiāo)售Ifthesaleismadewithoutrecourse,thebuyercan’taskthesellerformoremoneyifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables.ACustomerBARCreditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人CSellsARCreditor債權(quán)人DidnotpaySalewithoutrecoursetransferortransfereesellerbuyerSalewithoutrecourse

Whotakestheriskifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables?AorC?Thetransferee(buyer)takestheriskofuncollectibilitywhenaccountsreceivablearesoldwithoutrecourse.當(dāng)采用無(wú)追索權(quán)的方式銷(xiāo)售應(yīng)收賬款時(shí)，買(mǎi)方應(yīng)承擔(dān)發(fā)生壞賬的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。SalewithoutrecourseIfitisthesalewithoutresource,theseller(transferor)willdothreethings:Removes

accounts(ornotes)receivable,andanyallowanceforbaddebtsassociatedwiththem把應(yīng)收賬款（或應(yīng)收票據(jù)）從賬戶(hù)中剔除，以及剔除與之相關(guān)的壞賬準(zhǔn)備Recognizesat

fairvalue

anyassetsacquiredorliabilitiesassumedbysellerinthetransaction把從交易中獲得資產(chǎn)或承擔(dān)的負(fù)債以公允價(jià)值確認(rèn)Recordsthedifferenceasa

gain

or

loss

將差額確認(rèn)為利得或者損失AR=$600,000ExampleIllustration2-6Seller(transferor):SantaTeresaGlassBuyer(transferee):FactorBankAR=$600,000SalewithoutrecourseSFCash+beneficialinterest$540,000Fairvalue-4%fee$50,000-$24,000=$26,000sellerbuyerWillbepaidnow(cash)Willbepaidinthefuture(receivable)ExampleRemoves

accounts(ornotes)receivable,andanyallowanceforbaddebtsassociatedwiththemRecognizesat

fairvalue

anyassetsacquiredorliabilitiesassumedbysellerinthetransactionRecordsthedifferenceasa

gain

or

lossSFAR=$600,000Cash+beneficialinterest$540,000Fairvalue-4%fee$50,000-$24,000=$26,000sellerbuyerWillbepaidnow(cash)Willbepaidinthefuture(receivable)ExampleDr.Cash540,000Receivablefromfactor26,000

(otherreceivable)Lossonsaleofreceivables34,000Cr.Accountsreceivable600,000ExerciseP87E2-16CanasktopaySalewithrecourse有追索權(quán)的銷(xiāo)售Ifthesaleismadewithrecourse,thebuyercanaskthesellerformoremoneyifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables.ACustomerBARCreditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人CSellsARCreditor債權(quán)人DidnotpaySalewithrecoursetransferortransfereesellerbuyerSalewithrecourse

Whotakestheriskifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables?AorC?Thetransferor(seller)retainstheriskofuncollectibilitywhenaccountsreceivablearesoldwithrecourse.當(dāng)采用有追索權(quán)的方式銷(xiāo)售應(yīng)收賬款時(shí)，壞賬的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍歸賣(mài)方所有。SalewithrecourseIfitisthesalewithresource,theseller(transferor)willdofourthings:(thesameas“salewithoutrecourse”)(thesameas“salewithoutrecourse”)(thesameas“salewithoutrecourse”)Thesellershouldrecordtheestimatedfairvalueofitsrecourseobligationasaliability.賣(mài)方需要估計(jì)追索義務(wù)的公允價(jià)值并將其確認(rèn)為一項(xiàng)負(fù)債。

ExampleIllustration2-7SalewithrecourseEstimatedfairvalueofrecourseobligationis$5,000.SFAR=$600,000Cash($540,000)sellerbuyerReceivable($50,000-$24,000=$26,000)Recourseliability($5,000)AssetsLiabilityExampleDr.Cash540,000Receivablefromfactor26,000Lossonsaleofreceivables39,000Cr.Accountsreceivable600,000

recourseliability追索負(fù)債5,000

ExampleIllustration2-7Ifthebuyer(FactorBank)collectsallofthereceivables,Dr.recourseliability5,000Cr.Lossonsaleofreceivables5,000ExerciseP87E2-17QuestionsWhatarethedifferencesbetween:“securedborrowing”and“saleofreceivables”?Securedborrowing:transferor(borrower),transferee(lender)Sale:transferor(seller),transferee(buyer)Securedborrowing:receivablebelongstotransferorSale:receivablebelongstotransfereeQuestionsWhatarethedifferencesbetween:“salewithoutrecourse”and“salewithrecourse”?Withoutrecourse:thetransferee(buyer)takesriskifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables.Withrecourse:thetransferor(seller)takesriskifcustomersdon’tpaythereceivables.Withoutrecourse:threestepsinaccountingWithrecourse:fourstepsinaccountingNotesReceivableNotesreceivableareformalcreditarrangementsbetweenacreditor(lender)andadebtor(borrower).應(yīng)收票據(jù)是債權(quán)人（出借人）和債務(wù)人（借款人）之間訂立的正式的信貸協(xié)議。NotesReceivableShort-termNotesReceivable:termofanoteisnolongerthanoneyear.(t≤1)Long-termNotesReceivable:termofanoteislongerthanoneyear.(t>1)Interest-BearingNotesInterest-bearingnotes帶息票據(jù)

Onmaturitydate,weshouldpay=faceamount

面值

(principal

本金)+interestInterest=faceamount×annualrate×(timeperiodofthenote/12)ExampleP60illustration2-4

Twocompanies:Stridewell&Harmon.Q1:Whichoneiscreditor(lender)?Whichoneisdebtor(borrower)?Stridewelliscreditor.Harmonisdebtor.Q2:Isittheshort-termnoteorlong-termnote?Short-termnote(6-month)Q3:Howmuchistheinterest?Interest=$700,000×12%×6/12=$42,000ExampleP60illustration2-4

WhenStridewellreceivedthenoteonMay1,2011:Dr.Notereceivable700,000Cr.Salesrevenue700,000WhenStridewellreceivedcashonNov.1,2011:Cash=$700,000+$42,000=$742,000Dr.cash742,000Cr.Interestrevenue42,000Notereceivable700,000ExampleP60illustration2-4

WhenHarmonsignedthenoteonMay1,2011:Dr.Inventory700,000Cr.Notepayable700,000WhenHarmonpaidcashonNov.1,2011:Cash=$700,000+$42,000=$742,000Dr.Notepayable700,000Interestexpense42,000Cr.Cash742,000ExampleP60illustration2-4

IfStridewellreceivedthenoteonAugust1,2011:Dr.Notereceivable700,000Cr.Salesrevenue700,000OnDec.31,2011,Stridewellrecordedtheaccrualinterest:Howmuchistheinterestattheendof2011:$700,000×6%×(5/12)=$35,000Dr.Interestreceivable35,000Cr.Interestrevenue35,000ExampleP60illustration2-4

WhenStridewellreceivedcashonFeb.1,2012:Dr.cash742,000Cr.Notereceivable700,000Interestreceivable35,000Interestrevenue7,000ExerciseP86E2-12TransfersofnotesreceivableThetransferofanotereceivabletoafinancialinstitutioniscalleddiscounting.將應(yīng)收票據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給金融機(jī)構(gòu)的行為稱(chēng)為票據(jù)的貼現(xiàn)。Thefinancialinstitutionwillchargethesellerafinancingfee(融資費(fèi)用)fromthistransaction.TransfersofnotesreceivableFivestepsshouldbefollowed:

Recordthenotereceivableonthedaywhenwereceivedthenote.在收到票據(jù)當(dāng)天確認(rèn)“應(yīng)收票據(jù)”。Dr.notereceivableCr.SalesrevenueOnthediscountdate,accrueinterestearnedonthenotereceivablepriortoitsbeingdiscounted.在貼現(xiàn)日，計(jì)提應(yīng)收票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)前應(yīng)收的利息。

DerestreceivableCr.In