廣東省2022-2023學年新高三開學大聯(lián)考英語試題

2023屆新高三開學聯(lián)考英語試題8120120注意事項：位置。2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。題區(qū)域均無效。考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhatIsYourPetTryingtoTellYouAnimalswantourattention,andsometimesthey'requiteobviouslyaboutaskingforit.Unusualbehaviorsareoftenourpets'wayoftellingustostopwhatwe'redoingandplaywiththem.It'swhyFidoconstantlychaseshistailandwhyKittykeepsrollingaround.Adesperatelyboredpetmayhave"bad"behaviorstogetareaction-evenanegativeone!Feedme.,yourdogsyou,butsnotyhe's（舔yourface.Apuppysokhisstogetalittleleftoverfood,soSpotisn'tkissingyouinoursenseoftheword;hejustwantsasnack.I'mstressed.Catownersalsomisinterprettheirfurryfriends'kisses.Whileacatmightlickyoutoshowlove,sometimesshe'lldoittoeaseherself.Onewaytotellifherlickingisistoseeifitgoesonforanextendedperiodoftime.Birdsalsoovercleanwhentheyfeelanxious.Somewillevendragouttheirownfeathers.Mytailtellsall.Dogstailstotherightwhentheyseesomethingorsomeonetheywanttoapproach,andtotheleftwhentheyseesomethingtheywanttoavoid.Whenfrightened,dogscurltheirtailsin,whilecatswraptheirsaroundthemselves.Andifacat'staillookslikeaquestionmark,she'seagertoplay.Whatdoesadogshowifitkissesitsowner?Hunger.Love.Fear.Sadness.Howmanykindsofpetsarementionedinthetext?Two.Three.Four.Five.Whatwillhappenifbirdsgetanxious?Theywilldragothers'feathers.Theywillapproachsomeonetheylike.Theywillcleantheirfeathersmorethannecessary.Theywillstareattheirownersforalongertime.BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcrazycyclist,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutJack,afriend's12-year-oldson.Jackhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus（腦水腫）,abuildupoffluidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithabalancingbar,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.SoonJackwasridingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,ashisfriendtoldMcLindon."I'llneverforgetthesmileonhisfacewhenmysonisinteractingwithotherkids."ThatsmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandtohelpmakeeachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderbelt,aseatbeltandsoon.Thebikesareto$4,000,andthat'swiththefoundation’sproducer'sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they'realifechanger."Weworkedwitha14-year-oldwhohasspinabifida（脊柱裂）,"saysMcLindon."ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforspecial-needstriathlons（三項全能運動）.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,'Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.'"Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat'sjustastart."Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,"McLindonsays."ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo."WhichpicturebestillustratesthebikeforJack?What'sthepurposeoftheMcLindonFamilyFoundation?A.Togiveawaybikes. B.Tohelpkidswithmentalproblems.C.Toofferspecialbikestoparticularkids.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMcLindon?A.Kindandpatient.C.Richandhard-working.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.McLindonandLifeBikesC.TheMcLindonFamilyFoundation

D.Tomakeprofitsfrommakingspecialbikes.B.Generousandcautious.D.Warm-heartedandhelpful.B.McLindon,anAggressiveBusinessmanD.UnusualKidswithParticularNeedsCA.A.B.C.D.QueenElizabethII'sfaceisoneverynoteandcoinintheUnitedKingdom,butstilllittleisknownabouthowmuchmoneyshehaspersonally,howshegetsitandwhostandstoinherit（繼承）it.WhatwedoknowfrompublicrecordsisthattheQueenreceivesatleast$20millioninannualincomethroughherprivateestate,andanother100milliondollarsfromtheUKgovernmenteachyear.ThefirstthingtounderstandisthattheQueen'sincomecomesfrombothpublicandprivatepossessions.AlargeamountofitcomesfromsomethingcalledtheSovereignGrant.Here'showthatworks.Inthe1700s,themonarchy（王室）handedoverincomefromlandtothegovernmentknownastheCrownEstate.Eachyearthegovernmentpaysapercentageoftheprofitsmadeonthosepossessionsbacktothemonarchy.ThatannualincomeisknownastheSovereignGrant.Lastyearittotaledmorethan$107million.AnditisusedtofundtheQueen'sofficialdutiesandmaintainroyalresidenceslikeBuckinghamPalace.Butevenifwecan'tidentifyherexactworth,theroyalfinancesarelookinghealthyastheQueencelebratesher70thQueenCeremony.TheSundayTimesRichListestimatedtheQueen'snetworthis$466million,up$6.2milliondollarsfromlastyear.AndwhiletheDuchyofLancastersawUKincomedropduringthepandemic,accordingtoitsfinancialrecords,theQueen'sincomehasbeenturningupwardsoverthepastdecade.Anyway,themonarchyisaprivatefamily,andtheyareunlikelytoshareanydetailsoftheirwealthwiththeBritishpublic,andthatprobablywon'tchangeanytimesoon.HowdoestheQueengetherincome?A.FromtheCrownEstate.C.Fromthemonarchyandthegovernment.What'sthemainideaofParagraph4?HowtheQueen'sincomeiscalculated.FromtheSovereignGrant.D.Fromthegovernmentandprivatepossessions.Howthemonarchycooperateswiththegovernment.HowtheSovereignGrantworksandwhatthemoneyisusedfor.HowthemonarchygetspaidandwhattheQueen'sofficialdutiesare.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheQueen'sincomefromParagraph5?A.Itcanbeexactlyidentified.C.Itismorethanthatfromlastyear.Whichsectionmaythetextbetakenfrom?

B.Itdecreasesduringthepandemic.D.ItismorethanthatoftheUKgovernment.A.Health. B.History. C.Education.D

D.Economy.Areyousleepingrestlessly,forgettinglittlethings,andfeelingdepressedandlonely?Don'tworry.We’veallbeenthere.You'reprobablyjuststressedout.Stressisn'talwaysabadthing.Itcanbehandyforaburstofextraenergyandfocus,likewhenyou'replayingacompetitivesport,orhavetospeakinpublic.Butwhenit'scontinuous,thekindofsituationmostofusfacedaily,itactuallybeginstochangeyourbrain.Chronic（長期的）stress,likebeingoverworkedorhavingargumentsathomefrequently,canaffectbrainsize,itsstructure,andhowitfunctions,rightdowntothelevelofyourgenes.ssofl

皮質(zhì)醇rise,csnyourhippocamps

海馬體,epartofebrainwithlearning,memories,andstresscontrol,decline.Whenthehippocampusweakens,sodoesyourabilitytocontrolyourstress.That'snotall,though.Cortisolcanliterallycauseyourbraintogetsmallerinsize.Toomuchofitresultsintheshrinkingofthepartofyourbrainthatregulatesbehaviorslikeconcentration,judgement,andsocialinteraction.Italsoleadstofewernewbraincellsbeingmadeinthehippocampus.Thismeanschronicstressmightmakeitharderforyoutolearnandrememberthings,andalsosetthestageformoreseriousmentalproblems,likedepressionandeventuallyAlzheimer'sdisease.It'snotallbadnews,though.Therearemanywaystochangewhatcortisoldoestoyourstressedbrain.Themostpowerfulweaponsareexerciseandgettingintodeepthoughts,whichinvolvesbreathingdeeplyandbeingawareandfocusedonyoursurroundings.Bothoftheseactivitiesdecreaseyourstressandincreasethesizeofthehippocampus,andthereforeyourmemoryimproves.Sodon'tfeeldefeatedbythepressuresofdailylife.Getcontrolofyourstressbeforeittakescontrolofyou.Onwhichoccasioncanstressbeagoodthing?A.Whenmakingdecisions.C.Whenbeingindeepthought.

B.Whendeliveringaspeech.D.Whenforgettinglittlethings.Whatmayinfluenceyourgenes'levelaccordingtothetext?A.Havingchronicstress.C.WorkingovertimelastFriday.

B.Playingcompetitivesports.D.Havingafightwithyourbrother.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"refertoinParagraph6?Relevantbehavior.Toomuchcortisol.Socialinteraction.Thesmallerbraininsize.Whichofthefollowingcanbeagoodwaytorelievestress?A.Sleepingalot.C.Changingthecortisol.

B.Doingsportsregularly.D.Havingsocialinteraction.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingsittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood. 36XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina. 37 Andinthe20thcenturybothSunandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And,thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentthanWesternchess,Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer's"king". 38UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross. 39 ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadawar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat"theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary"hasbecomeametaphor（隱喻）referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums. 40Actually,inXiangqiheisjustageneral.DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.Itiscalled"theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary".ThegameiscalledXiangqi,agameofordinarypeople.TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.第三部分語言運用（30分）第一節(jié)（15115分閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Bornin1993inCaijiagangtowninChangde,HunanProvince,MaXiaojuanattendedtheHunanFirstNormalUniversity,graduatingfromtheCollegeofMusicandDancein2015.Asateacherataruralschool,sheteachesarangeofdifferent 41 ,includingmusicandEnglish,andisalsoaheadteacher.Sheknowsschoolnightsatrural 42 schoolscansometimesbelonely."It 43 ofmyownchildhood.Myparents 44 inbigcities,soIknowthestudentsfeel 45 sometimes.Iwanttospendtimewiththemand 46 themcompany,"Masaid.Thatwashowshestartedtellingherstudents47 stories.Oneday,Manoticedthatsomeofherstudentswere 48 theirredschoolscarvesthewrongway.That,edmay 49 TheColoroftheRed,tyd 50 understandtheyallworethem.Occasionally,Matellsstoriesaboutfamous 51 figures,includingMaoZedong,DengXiaopingandZhouEnlai.Totellbetterstories,Maspendsherfreetimesearchingbookstoresfor52andnowshehaswritten168stories.Thankstotheirteacher's 53 ,Ma’sstudentsdon'tjustenjoylistening,theyalsoenjoy54storiesthemselves.Herdevotiontoteachingandtoherstudentsis 55 otherteachersinHunan.A.languagesA.interestingA.warnedA.workedawayA.friendlyA.proveA.loveA.washingA.introducedA.betterA.musicalA.inspiration

B.subjectsB.challengingB.informedB.passeddownB.lonelyB.provideB.bedtimeB.paintingB.explainingB.worseB.magicalB.evidence

C.kidsC.satisfyingC.remindedC.turnedbackC.livelyC.keepC.adventureC.foldingC.calledC.lessC.electricalC.experience

D.majorsD.boardingD.accusedD.gaveupD.lovelyD.knockD.detectiveD.wearingD.suggestingD.fartherD.historicalD.permission53.A.advice54.A.copying55.A.threatening

B.introductionB.typingB.encouraging

C.influenceC.recallingC.ignoring

D.conclusionD.tellingD.comforting第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FoodandEatingHabitsThroughoutChina'shistory,eatinghabitshavebeeninfluencedbymanyfactorssuchasgeography,religion,societyandeconomy.As 56 result,foodandeatinghabitsarenotonlyindicativeofthesocialstatus,butcharacteristicofonegroup,differinginregions, 57 （family）,peoplesorreligionstosomeextent.TheChinesediet 58 （emphasize）riceandgrains,followedbyfruits,vegetables,nutsandseeds.Food59 （make）ofwheatflouristhe主食）forpeoplelivinginthenorth,whilericeisthemainstapleinthesouth.epeopleohaveahabitof 60 （green,dplanbasedcbeverags

飲料）suchasricewine,beerandgrainliquormoderately.ThetypicalChinesealcoholicbeverageisbaijiu, 61 ismadefromvariousgrains. 62 Chinesepeopleliketodrinkhotwaterorteawiththeirmealssincehotwaterishelpfulfor 63 （digest）accordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine.Nowadays,Chinesepeopleliketoeatoutwithrelativesandfriendsduringweekendsorfestivals.Atypicalmealstarts 64 somecolddishes,likeboiledpeanutsandsmashedcucumberwithgarlic,followedbythemaincourses,includinghotmeatandvegetabledishes.Finally,soup 65 （bring）ontothetable,followedbythestaplefood,rice,noodles,orsometimesdumplings.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）David容包括：校英文報介紹；注意：80左右；請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearDavid,DearDavid,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Irecentlyhadachallengingtimeworkingonagroupproject.Myteacherputmewiththreepeoplewhoweren'tallthatexcitedaboutgettinganyworkdone,andtheexperiencewasextremelystressful.Ourassignmentwastopickoneofthe50statesandmakeabrochureaboutit."Let'spickHawaii!"saidCupcake."Hawaiihassupercuteswimsuits.""Thatissotrue!"saidCookie."Speakingofswimsuits,therearesomeget-ready-for-summersaleshappeningrightnow.""Really?Maybemymomwilltakemeshoppingthisweekend,"saidCupcake.Iturnedto"Whichstatedoyouthinkweshouldpick?"Volcanoshrugged（聳肩）."Idon'tcare.Butwhathappenedtoyourhair,Arizona?Itlookslikeitgotcaughtinablender（攪拌機）!"TherestofVolcano'scommentsduringthemeetingwereequally"helpful."Atournextgroupmeeting,nooneseemedveryeagertotalkaboutourbrochure,soIwentaheadandsharedtheinterestingfactsI'dlearnedaboutHawaiianfoodandculture.WhenIwasdone,noonesaidanything,soIpulledoutmynotebook."Cupcake,youhadofferedtosearchforpicturesofHawaiiansealife.Wereyouabletofindsome?""Ididn'thavetime,"sheanswered,"buthere'saphotoofmeatthehotelpoolinHawaii."Ilookedatthepictureshehadtapedinhernotebookandsmiled."Youlookgreat,butyouprobablydon'tcountassealife.Cookie,youweregoingtofindsomehistoricalinformation.AndyouwereinchargeofHawaiiangeography,right?""I’lldomypartsoon,"saidCookie."I'vebeenreallybusylately.""Me,too.I'vebeenreallybusy!"saidVolcano.Iwasgettingtheimpressionthatnoonebutmeplannedtoworkonthebrochure."WhatamIgoingtodo?DoIhavetodoalltheworkforeveryoneifIdon'twantabadgrade?"注意：150左右；Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)

2023屆新高三開學聯(lián)考英語參考答案及評分細則A【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三種寵物表達某些想法時的一些行為表現(xiàn)。justwantsa”可知，它想要表達饑餓的意思。故選A。Bcatsand”可知，文中共提到三種寵物。故選。Birdsalsoovercleanwhentheyfeelanxious.Somewillevendragouttheirownfeathers.C。B【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AndrewMcLindon創(chuàng)辦基金會為有特殊需求的孩子提供特殊單車，這些單車可以改變他們的人生。Dthree-wheelbikewithabalancing有一支平衡杠，圖片D符合。故選D。findchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandtohelpmakeeachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild”可知，目的是找到那些需要特殊單車的特殊孩子，給他們提供單車。故選C。D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章McLindon所做的事可知，他是一個熱心腸、樂于助人的人。故選D。McLindon創(chuàng)辦的基金會為有特殊需求的孩子提供特殊的單車，這些單車可以改變他們的人生。故選。C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國女王的收入構(gòu)成及其用途。theQueen'sincomecomesfrombothpublicandprivate可知，英國女王的收入有私人財產(chǎn)也有公家收入。故選D。C【解析】推理判斷題。第四段主要講theSovereignGrant是如何運作的以及女王的錢用在哪里。故選C。Queen'snetworthis$466million,up$6.2milliondollarsfromlast。D【解析】推理判斷題。本文介紹了英國女王的收入構(gòu)成及其用途等，屬于經(jīng)濟范疇。故選D。D及基因的水平以及減小壓力的方法。Itcanbehandyforaburstofextraenergyandfocus,likewhenyou'replayingacompetitivesport,orhavetospeakin故選B。Chronicstress…canaffectbrainsize,itsstructure,andhowitfunctions,rightdowntothelevelofyourgenes.”可知，影響基因水平的是chronicstress。故選A。CortisolnyItos同。故選B。Bmostpowerfulweaponsareexercise方法。故選B。第二節(jié)【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的象棋。D【解析】上文描述了playagamethegame是象棋，選項D符合邏輯關(guān)系。故選D。B符合時間、邏輯關(guān)系。故選B?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)上文，跟西方象棋一樣，中國象棋的目的也是擒“王A選項符合題意。故選。C地方，選項對這個空間進行定義，符合邏輯。故選C?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)上文提到楚河漢界是一種隱喻，下象棋時棋盤也是個戰(zhàn)場，人們看到這個名字就好像沉浸在硝煙四起、戰(zhàn)鼓喧天的戰(zhàn)爭場面，選項F符合邏輯。故選第三部分語言運用第一節(jié)【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了湖南省常德市90后鄉(xiāng)村教師麻小娟的故事。每天晚上就寢前麻老師都要給學生講故事，為寄宿的留守兒童帶來了溫暖，她的事跡也激勵了其他老師。Band【解析】根據(jù)下文以及wanttospendtimewiththemand 46 them可知，學生感到孤獨“我”想花時間跟學生做伴，可推斷出這是一所寄宿學校。故選D。Cmyownchildhood”可知，remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起什么事情，表示對童年的回憶。故選C。生的孤獨。故選A?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)lnightstrural 42 snsbe”可知“”為原詞復現(xiàn)。故選B。CtimewithBnights”可知，麻老師給學生講的是睡前故事。故選B。DtheyallworeD。CTheColoroftheRedcalled.。是為了讓學生更好地理解他們?yōu)槭裁匆宕骷t